/*
 * Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package android.text;

import android.annotation.FloatRange;
import android.annotation.IntRange;
import android.annotation.NonNull;
import android.annotation.Nullable;
import android.annotation.PluralsRes;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.res.Resources;
import android.icu.lang.UCharacter;
import android.icu.text.CaseMap;
import android.icu.text.Edits;
import android.icu.util.ULocale;
import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;
import android.os.SystemProperties;
import android.provider.Settings;
import android.text.style.AbsoluteSizeSpan;
import android.text.style.AccessibilityClickableSpan;
import android.text.style.AccessibilityURLSpan;
import android.text.style.AlignmentSpan;
import android.text.style.BackgroundColorSpan;
import android.text.style.BulletSpan;
import android.text.style.CharacterStyle;
import android.text.style.EasyEditSpan;
import android.text.style.ForegroundColorSpan;
import android.text.style.LeadingMarginSpan;
import android.text.style.LocaleSpan;
import android.text.style.ParagraphStyle;
import android.text.style.QuoteSpan;
import android.text.style.RelativeSizeSpan;
import android.text.style.ReplacementSpan;
import android.text.style.ScaleXSpan;
import android.text.style.SpellCheckSpan;
import android.text.style.StrikethroughSpan;
import android.text.style.StyleSpan;
import android.text.style.SubscriptSpan;
import android.text.style.SuggestionRangeSpan;
import android.text.style.SuggestionSpan;
import android.text.style.SuperscriptSpan;
import android.text.style.TextAppearanceSpan;
import android.text.style.TtsSpan;
import android.text.style.TypefaceSpan;
import android.text.style.URLSpan;
import android.text.style.UnderlineSpan;
import android.text.style.UpdateAppearance;
import android.util.Log;
import android.util.Printer;
import android.view.View;

import com.android.internal.R;
import com.android.internal.util.ArrayUtils;
import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;

import java.lang.reflect.Array;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;

public class TextUtils {
    private static final String TAG = "TextUtils";

    // Zero-width character used to fill ellipsized strings when codepoint lenght must be preserved.
    /* package */ static final char ELLIPSIS_FILLER = '\uFEFF'; // ZERO WIDTH NO-BREAK SPACE

    // TODO: Based on CLDR data, these need to be localized for Dzongkha (dz) and perhaps
    // Hong Kong Traditional Chinese (zh-Hant-HK), but that may need to depend on the actual word
    // being ellipsized and not the locale.
    private static final String ELLIPSIS_NORMAL = "\u2026"; // HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS (…)
    private static final String ELLIPSIS_TWO_DOTS = "\u2025"; // TWO DOT LEADER (‥)

    
{@hide} /** {@hide} */
    @NonNull
    public static String getEllipsisString(@NonNull TextUtils.TruncateAt method) {
        return (method == TextUtils.TruncateAt.END_SMALL) ? ELLIPSIS_TWO_DOTS : ELLIPSIS_NORMAL;
    }


    private TextUtils() { /* cannot be instantiated */ }

    public static void getChars(CharSequence s, int start, int end,
                                char[] dest, int destoff) {
        Class<? extends CharSequence> c = s.getClass();

        if (c == String.class)
            ((String) s).getChars(start, end, dest, destoff);
        else if (c == StringBuffer.class)
            ((StringBuffer) s).getChars(start, end, dest, destoff);
        else if (c == StringBuilder.class)
            ((StringBuilder) s).getChars(start, end, dest, destoff);
        else if (s instanceof GetChars)
            ((GetChars) s).getChars(start, end, dest, destoff);
        else {
            for (int i = start; i < end; i++)
                dest[destoff++] = s.charAt(i);
        }
    }

    public static int indexOf(CharSequence s, char ch) {
        return indexOf(s, ch, 0);
    }

    public static int indexOf(CharSequence s, char ch, int start) {
        Class<? extends CharSequence> c = s.getClass();

        if (c == String.class)
            return ((String) s).indexOf(ch, start);

        return indexOf(s, ch, start, s.length());
    }

    public static int indexOf(CharSequence s, char ch, int start, int end) {
        Class<? extends CharSequence> c = s.getClass();

        if (s instanceof GetChars || c == StringBuffer.class ||
            c == StringBuilder.class || c == String.class) {
            final int INDEX_INCREMENT = 500;
            char[] temp = obtain(INDEX_INCREMENT);

            while (start < end) {
                int segend = start + INDEX_INCREMENT;
                if (segend > end)
                    segend = end;

                getChars(s, start, segend, temp, 0);

                int count = segend - start;
                for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                    if (temp[i] == ch) {
                        recycle(temp);
                        return i + start;
                    }
                }

                start = segend;
            }

            recycle(temp);
            return -1;
        }

        for (int i = start; i < end; i++)
            if (s.charAt(i) == ch)
                return i;

        return -1;
    }

    public static int lastIndexOf(CharSequence s, char ch) {
        return lastIndexOf(s, ch, s.length() - 1);
    }

    public static int lastIndexOf(CharSequence s, char ch, int last) {
        Class<? extends CharSequence> c = s.getClass();

        if (c == String.class)
            return ((String) s).lastIndexOf(ch, last);

        return lastIndexOf(s, ch, 0, last);
    }

    public static int lastIndexOf(CharSequence s, char ch,
                                  int start, int last) {
        if (last < 0)
            return -1;
        if (last >= s.length())
            last = s.length() - 1;

        int end = last + 1;

        Class<? extends CharSequence> c = s.getClass();

        if (s instanceof GetChars || c == StringBuffer.class ||
            c == StringBuilder.class || c == String.class) {
            final int INDEX_INCREMENT = 500;
            char[] temp = obtain(INDEX_INCREMENT);

            while (start < end) {
                int segstart = end - INDEX_INCREMENT;
                if (segstart < start)
                    segstart = start;

                getChars(s, segstart, end, temp, 0);

                int count = end - segstart;
                for (int i = count - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
                    if (temp[i] == ch) {
                        recycle(temp);
                        return i + segstart;
                    }
                }

                end = segstart;
            }

            recycle(temp);
            return -1;
        }

        for (int i = end - 1; i >= start; i--)
            if (s.charAt(i) == ch)
                return i;

        return -1;
    }

    public static int indexOf(CharSequence s, CharSequence needle) {
        return indexOf(s, needle, 0, s.length());
    }

    public static int indexOf(CharSequence s, CharSequence needle, int start) {
        return indexOf(s, needle, start, s.length());
    }

    public static int indexOf(CharSequence s, CharSequence needle,
                              int start, int end) {
        int nlen = needle.length();
        if (nlen == 0)
            return start;

        char c = needle.charAt(0);

        for (;;) {
            start = indexOf(s, c, start);
            if (start > end - nlen) {
                break;
            }

            if (start < 0) {
                return -1;
            }

            if (regionMatches(s, start, needle, 0, nlen)) {
                return start;
            }

            start++;
        }
        return -1;
    }

    public static boolean regionMatches(CharSequence one, int toffset,
                                        CharSequence two, int ooffset,
                                        int len) {
        int tempLen = 2 * len;
        if (tempLen < len) {
            // Integer overflow; len is unreasonably large
            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException();
        }
        char[] temp = obtain(tempLen);

        getChars(one, toffset, toffset + len, temp, 0);
        getChars(two, ooffset, ooffset + len, temp, len);

        boolean match = true;
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            if (temp[i] != temp[i + len]) {
                match = false;
                break;
            }
        }

        recycle(temp);
        return match;
    }

    
Create a new String object containing the given range of characters from the source string. This is different than simply calling CharSequence.subSequence in that it does not preserve any style runs in the source sequence, allowing a more efficient implementation. /**
     * Create a new String object containing the given range of characters
     * from the source string.  This is different than simply calling
     * {@link CharSequence#subSequence(int, int) CharSequence.subSequence}
     * in that it does not preserve any style runs in the source sequence,
     * allowing a more efficient implementation.
     */
    public static String substring(CharSequence source, int start, int end) {
        if (source instanceof String)
            return ((String) source).substring(start, end);
        if (source instanceof StringBuilder)
            return ((StringBuilder) source).substring(start, end);
        if (source instanceof StringBuffer)
            return ((StringBuffer) source).substring(start, end);

        char[] temp = obtain(end - start);
        getChars(source, start, end, temp, 0);
        String ret = new String(temp, 0, end - start);
        recycle(temp);

        return ret;
    }

    
Returns a string containing the tokens joined by delimiters.
Params:
delimiter – a CharSequence that will be inserted between the tokens. If null, the string
    "null" will be used as the delimiter.
tokens – an array objects to be joined. Strings will be formed from the objects by
    calling object.toString(). If tokens is null, a NullPointerException will be thrown. If
    tokens is an empty array, an empty string will be returned./**
     * Returns a string containing the tokens joined by delimiters.
     *
     * @param delimiter a CharSequence that will be inserted between the tokens. If null, the string
     *     "null" will be used as the delimiter.
     * @param tokens an array objects to be joined. Strings will be formed from the objects by
     *     calling object.toString(). If tokens is null, a NullPointerException will be thrown. If
     *     tokens is an empty array, an empty string will be returned.
     */
    public static String join(@NonNull CharSequence delimiter, @NonNull Object[] tokens) {
        final int length = tokens.length;
        if (length == 0) {
            return "";
        }
        final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        sb.append(tokens[0]);
        for (int i = 1; i < length; i++) {
            sb.append(delimiter);
            sb.append(tokens[i]);
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    
Returns a string containing the tokens joined by delimiters.
Params:
delimiter – a CharSequence that will be inserted between the tokens. If null, the string
    "null" will be used as the delimiter.
tokens – an array objects to be joined. Strings will be formed from the objects by
    calling object.toString(). If tokens is null, a NullPointerException will be thrown. If
    tokens is empty, an empty string will be returned./**
     * Returns a string containing the tokens joined by delimiters.
     *
     * @param delimiter a CharSequence that will be inserted between the tokens. If null, the string
     *     "null" will be used as the delimiter.
     * @param tokens an array objects to be joined. Strings will be formed from the objects by
     *     calling object.toString(). If tokens is null, a NullPointerException will be thrown. If
     *     tokens is empty, an empty string will be returned.
     */
    public static String join(@NonNull CharSequence delimiter, @NonNull Iterable tokens) {
        final Iterator<?> it = tokens.iterator();
        if (!it.hasNext()) {
            return "";
        }
        final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        sb.append(it.next());
        while (it.hasNext()) {
            sb.append(delimiter);
            sb.append(it.next());
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    
String.split() returns [''] when the string to be split is empty. This returns []. This does
not remove any empty strings from the result. For example split("a,", ","  ) returns {"a", ""}.
Params:
text – the string to split
expression – the regular expression to match
Throws:
NullPointerException – if expression or text is null
Returns:
an array of strings. The array will be empty if text is empty/**
     * String.split() returns [''] when the string to be split is empty. This returns []. This does
     * not remove any empty strings from the result. For example split("a,", ","  ) returns {"a", ""}.
     *
     * @param text the string to split
     * @param expression the regular expression to match
     * @return an array of strings. The array will be empty if text is empty
     *
     * @throws NullPointerException if expression or text is null
     */
    public static String[] split(String text, String expression) {
        if (text.length() == 0) {
            return EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY;
        } else {
            return text.split(expression, -1);
        }
    }

    
Splits a string on a pattern. String.split() returns [''] when the string to be
split is empty. This returns []. This does not remove any empty strings from the result.
Params:
text – the string to split
pattern – the regular expression to match
Throws:
NullPointerException – if expression or text is null
Returns:
an array of strings. The array will be empty if text is empty/**
     * Splits a string on a pattern. String.split() returns [''] when the string to be
     * split is empty. This returns []. This does not remove any empty strings from the result.
     * @param text the string to split
     * @param pattern the regular expression to match
     * @return an array of strings. The array will be empty if text is empty
     *
     * @throws NullPointerException if expression or text is null
     */
    public static String[] split(String text, Pattern pattern) {
        if (text.length() == 0) {
            return EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY;
        } else {
            return pattern.split(text, -1);
        }
    }

    
An interface for splitting strings according to rules that are opaque to the user of this
interface. This also has less overhead than split, which uses regular expressions and
allocates an array to hold the results.
The most efficient way to use this class is:
// Once
TextUtils.StringSplitter splitter = new TextUtils.SimpleStringSplitter(delimiter);
// Once per string to split
splitter.setString(string);
for (String s : splitter) {
    ...
}

/**
     * An interface for splitting strings according to rules that are opaque to the user of this
     * interface. This also has less overhead than split, which uses regular expressions and
     * allocates an array to hold the results.
     *
     * <p>The most efficient way to use this class is:
     *
     * <pre>
     * // Once
     * TextUtils.StringSplitter splitter = new TextUtils.SimpleStringSplitter(delimiter);
     *
     * // Once per string to split
     * splitter.setString(string);
     * for (String s : splitter) {
     *     ...
     * }
     * </pre>
     */
    public interface StringSplitter extends Iterable<String> {
        public void setString(String string);
    }

    
A simple string splitter.
If the final character in the string to split is the delimiter then no empty string will
be returned for the empty string after that delimeter. That is, splitting "a,b," on
comma will return "a", "b", not "a", "b", "".
/**
     * A simple string splitter.
     *
     * <p>If the final character in the string to split is the delimiter then no empty string will
     * be returned for the empty string after that delimeter. That is, splitting <tt>"a,b,"</tt> on
     * comma will return <tt>"a", "b"</tt>, not <tt>"a", "b", ""</tt>.
     */
    public static class SimpleStringSplitter implements StringSplitter, Iterator<String> {
        private String mString;
        private char mDelimiter;
        private int mPosition;
        private int mLength;

        
Initializes the splitter. setString may be called later.
Params:
delimiter – the delimeter on which to split/**
         * Initializes the splitter. setString may be called later.
         * @param delimiter the delimeter on which to split
         */
        public SimpleStringSplitter(char delimiter) {
            mDelimiter = delimiter;
        }

        
Sets the string to split
Params:
string – the string to split/**
         * Sets the string to split
         * @param string the string to split
         */
        public void setString(String string) {
            mString = string;
            mPosition = 0;
            mLength = mString.length();
        }

        public Iterator<String> iterator() {
            return this;
        }

        public boolean hasNext() {
            return mPosition < mLength;
        }

        public String next() {
            int end = mString.indexOf(mDelimiter, mPosition);
            if (end == -1) {
                end = mLength;
            }
            String nextString = mString.substring(mPosition, end);
            mPosition = end + 1; // Skip the delimiter.
            return nextString;
        }

        public void remove() {
            throw new UnsupportedOperationException();
        }
    }

    public static CharSequence stringOrSpannedString(CharSequence source) {
        if (source == null)
            return null;
        if (source instanceof SpannedString)
            return source;
        if (source instanceof Spanned)
            return new SpannedString(source);

        return source.toString();
    }

    
Returns true if the string is null or 0-length.
Params:
str – the string to be examined
Returns:
true if str is null or zero length/**
     * Returns true if the string is null or 0-length.
     * @param str the string to be examined
     * @return true if str is null or zero length
     */
    public static boolean isEmpty(@Nullable CharSequence str) {
        return str == null || str.length() == 0;
    }

    
{@hide} /** {@hide} */
    public static String nullIfEmpty(@Nullable String str) {
        return isEmpty(str) ? null : str;
    }

    
{@hide} /** {@hide} */
    public static String emptyIfNull(@Nullable String str) {
        return str == null ? "" : str;
    }

    
{@hide} /** {@hide} */
    public static String firstNotEmpty(@Nullable String a, @NonNull String b) {
        return !isEmpty(a) ? a : Preconditions.checkStringNotEmpty(b);
    }

    
{@hide} /** {@hide} */
    public static int length(@Nullable String s) {
        return isEmpty(s) ? 0 : s.length();
    }

    
Returns:
interned string if it's null.
@hide
/**
     * @return interned string if it's null.
     * @hide
     */
    public static String safeIntern(String s) {
        return (s != null) ? s.intern() : null;
    }

    
Returns the length that the specified CharSequence would have if spaces and ASCII control characters were trimmed from the start and end, as by String.trim. /**
     * Returns the length that the specified CharSequence would have if
     * spaces and ASCII control characters were trimmed from the start and end,
     * as by {@link String#trim}.
     */
    public static int getTrimmedLength(CharSequence s) {
        int len = s.length();

        int start = 0;
        while (start < len && s.charAt(start) <= ' ') {
            start++;
        }

        int end = len;
        while (end > start && s.charAt(end - 1) <= ' ') {
            end--;
        }

        return end - start;
    }

    
Returns true if a and b are equal, including if they are both null.
Note: In platform versions 1.1 and earlier, this method only worked well if
both the arguments were instances of String.
Params:
a – first CharSequence to check
b – second CharSequence to check
Returns:
true if a and b are equal/**
     * Returns true if a and b are equal, including if they are both null.
     * <p><i>Note: In platform versions 1.1 and earlier, this method only worked well if
     * both the arguments were instances of String.</i></p>
     * @param a first CharSequence to check
     * @param b second CharSequence to check
     * @return true if a and b are equal
     */
    public static boolean equals(CharSequence a, CharSequence b) {
        if (a == b) return true;
        int length;
        if (a != null && b != null && (length = a.length()) == b.length()) {
            if (a instanceof String && b instanceof String) {
                return a.equals(b);
            } else {
                for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
                    if (a.charAt(i) != b.charAt(i)) return false;
                }
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    
This function only reverses individual chars and not their associated spans. It doesn't support surrogate pairs (that correspond to non-BMP code points), combining sequences or conjuncts either. 
Deprecated:
Do not use./**
     * This function only reverses individual {@code char}s and not their associated
     * spans. It doesn't support surrogate pairs (that correspond to non-BMP code points), combining
     * sequences or conjuncts either.
     * @deprecated Do not use.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public static CharSequence getReverse(CharSequence source, int start, int end) {
        return new Reverser(source, start, end);
    }

    private static class Reverser
    implements CharSequence, GetChars
    {
        public Reverser(CharSequence source, int start, int end) {
            mSource = source;
            mStart = start;
            mEnd = end;
        }

        public int length() {
            return mEnd - mStart;
        }

        public CharSequence subSequence(int start, int end) {
            char[] buf = new char[end - start];

            getChars(start, end, buf, 0);
            return new String(buf);
        }

        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return subSequence(0, length()).toString();
        }

        public char charAt(int off) {
            return (char) UCharacter.getMirror(mSource.charAt(mEnd - 1 - off));
        }

        @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
        public void getChars(int start, int end, char[] dest, int destoff) {
            TextUtils.getChars(mSource, start + mStart, end + mStart,
                               dest, destoff);
            AndroidCharacter.mirror(dest, 0, end - start);

            int len = end - start;
            int n = (end - start) / 2;
            for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                char tmp = dest[destoff + i];

                dest[destoff + i] = dest[destoff + len - i - 1];
                dest[destoff + len - i - 1] = tmp;
            }
        }

        private CharSequence mSource;
        private int mStart;
        private int mEnd;
    }

    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int ALIGNMENT_SPAN = 1;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int FIRST_SPAN = ALIGNMENT_SPAN;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int FOREGROUND_COLOR_SPAN = 2;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int RELATIVE_SIZE_SPAN = 3;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int SCALE_X_SPAN = 4;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int STRIKETHROUGH_SPAN = 5;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int UNDERLINE_SPAN = 6;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int STYLE_SPAN = 7;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int BULLET_SPAN = 8;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int QUOTE_SPAN = 9;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int LEADING_MARGIN_SPAN = 10;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int URL_SPAN = 11;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int BACKGROUND_COLOR_SPAN = 12;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int TYPEFACE_SPAN = 13;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int SUPERSCRIPT_SPAN = 14;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int SUBSCRIPT_SPAN = 15;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int ABSOLUTE_SIZE_SPAN = 16;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int TEXT_APPEARANCE_SPAN = 17;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int ANNOTATION = 18;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int SUGGESTION_SPAN = 19;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int SPELL_CHECK_SPAN = 20;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int SUGGESTION_RANGE_SPAN = 21;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int EASY_EDIT_SPAN = 22;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int LOCALE_SPAN = 23;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int TTS_SPAN = 24;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int ACCESSIBILITY_CLICKABLE_SPAN = 25;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int ACCESSIBILITY_URL_SPAN = 26;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int LAST_SPAN = ACCESSIBILITY_URL_SPAN;

    
Flatten a CharSequence and whatever styles can be copied across processes
into the parcel.
/**
     * Flatten a CharSequence and whatever styles can be copied across processes
     * into the parcel.
     */
    public static void writeToParcel(CharSequence cs, Parcel p, int parcelableFlags) {
        if (cs instanceof Spanned) {
            p.writeInt(0);
            p.writeString(cs.toString());

            Spanned sp = (Spanned) cs;
            Object[] os = sp.getSpans(0, cs.length(), Object.class);

            // note to people adding to this: check more specific types
            // before more generic types.  also notice that it uses
            // "if" instead of "else if" where there are interfaces
            // so one object can be several.

            for (int i = 0; i < os.length; i++) {
                Object o = os[i];
                Object prop = os[i];

                if (prop instanceof CharacterStyle) {
                    prop = ((CharacterStyle) prop).getUnderlying();
                }

                if (prop instanceof ParcelableSpan) {
                    final ParcelableSpan ps = (ParcelableSpan) prop;
                    final int spanTypeId = ps.getSpanTypeIdInternal();
                    if (spanTypeId < FIRST_SPAN || spanTypeId > LAST_SPAN) {
                        Log.e(TAG, "External class \"" + ps.getClass().getSimpleName()
                                + "\" is attempting to use the frameworks-only ParcelableSpan"
                                + " interface");
                    } else {
                        p.writeInt(spanTypeId);
                        ps.writeToParcelInternal(p, parcelableFlags);
                        writeWhere(p, sp, o);
                    }
                }
            }

            p.writeInt(0);
        } else {
            p.writeInt(1);
            if (cs != null) {
                p.writeString(cs.toString());
            } else {
                p.writeString(null);
            }
        }
    }

    private static void writeWhere(Parcel p, Spanned sp, Object o) {
        p.writeInt(sp.getSpanStart(o));
        p.writeInt(sp.getSpanEnd(o));
        p.writeInt(sp.getSpanFlags(o));
    }

    public static final Parcelable.Creator<CharSequence> CHAR_SEQUENCE_CREATOR
            = new Parcelable.Creator<CharSequence>() {
        
Read and return a new CharSequence, possibly with styles,
from the parcel.
/**
         * Read and return a new CharSequence, possibly with styles,
         * from the parcel.
         */
        public CharSequence createFromParcel(Parcel p) {
            int kind = p.readInt();

            String string = p.readString();
            if (string == null) {
                return null;
            }

            if (kind == 1) {
                return string;
            }

            SpannableString sp = new SpannableString(string);

            while (true) {
                kind = p.readInt();

                if (kind == 0)
                    break;

                switch (kind) {
                case ALIGNMENT_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new AlignmentSpan.Standard(p));
                    break;

                case FOREGROUND_COLOR_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new ForegroundColorSpan(p));
                    break;

                case RELATIVE_SIZE_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new RelativeSizeSpan(p));
                    break;

                case SCALE_X_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new ScaleXSpan(p));
                    break;

                case STRIKETHROUGH_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new StrikethroughSpan(p));
                    break;

                case UNDERLINE_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new UnderlineSpan(p));
                    break;

                case STYLE_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new StyleSpan(p));
                    break;

                case BULLET_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new BulletSpan(p));
                    break;

                case QUOTE_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new QuoteSpan(p));
                    break;

                case LEADING_MARGIN_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new LeadingMarginSpan.Standard(p));
                break;

                case URL_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new URLSpan(p));
                    break;

                case BACKGROUND_COLOR_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new BackgroundColorSpan(p));
                    break;

                case TYPEFACE_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new TypefaceSpan(p));
                    break;

                case SUPERSCRIPT_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new SuperscriptSpan(p));
                    break;

                case SUBSCRIPT_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new SubscriptSpan(p));
                    break;

                case ABSOLUTE_SIZE_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new AbsoluteSizeSpan(p));
                    break;

                case TEXT_APPEARANCE_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new TextAppearanceSpan(p));
                    break;

                case ANNOTATION:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new Annotation(p));
                    break;

                case SUGGESTION_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new SuggestionSpan(p));
                    break;

                case SPELL_CHECK_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new SpellCheckSpan(p));
                    break;

                case SUGGESTION_RANGE_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new SuggestionRangeSpan(p));
                    break;

                case EASY_EDIT_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new EasyEditSpan(p));
                    break;

                case LOCALE_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new LocaleSpan(p));
                    break;

                case TTS_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new TtsSpan(p));
                    break;

                case ACCESSIBILITY_CLICKABLE_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new AccessibilityClickableSpan(p));
                    break;

                case ACCESSIBILITY_URL_SPAN:
                    readSpan(p, sp, new AccessibilityURLSpan(p));
                    break;

                default:
                    throw new RuntimeException("bogus span encoding " + kind);
                }
            }

            return sp;
        }

        public CharSequence[] newArray(int size)
        {
            return new CharSequence[size];
        }
    };

    
Debugging tool to print the spans in a CharSequence.  The output will
be printed one span per line.  If the CharSequence is not a Spanned,
then the entire string will be printed on a single line.
/**
     * Debugging tool to print the spans in a CharSequence.  The output will
     * be printed one span per line.  If the CharSequence is not a Spanned,
     * then the entire string will be printed on a single line.
     */
    public static void dumpSpans(CharSequence cs, Printer printer, String prefix) {
        if (cs instanceof Spanned) {
            Spanned sp = (Spanned) cs;
            Object[] os = sp.getSpans(0, cs.length(), Object.class);

            for (int i = 0; i < os.length; i++) {
                Object o = os[i];
                printer.println(prefix + cs.subSequence(sp.getSpanStart(o),
                        sp.getSpanEnd(o)) + ": "
                        + Integer.toHexString(System.identityHashCode(o))
                        + " " + o.getClass().getCanonicalName()
                         + " (" + sp.getSpanStart(o) + "-" + sp.getSpanEnd(o)
                         + ") fl=#" + sp.getSpanFlags(o));
            }
        } else {
            printer.println(prefix + cs + ": (no spans)");
        }
    }

    
Return a new CharSequence in which each of the source strings is
replaced by the corresponding element of the destinations.
/**
     * Return a new CharSequence in which each of the source strings is
     * replaced by the corresponding element of the destinations.
     */
    public static CharSequence replace(CharSequence template,
                                       String[] sources,
                                       CharSequence[] destinations) {
        SpannableStringBuilder tb = new SpannableStringBuilder(template);

        for (int i = 0; i < sources.length; i++) {
            int where = indexOf(tb, sources[i]);

            if (where >= 0)
                tb.setSpan(sources[i], where, where + sources[i].length(),
                           Spanned.SPAN_EXCLUSIVE_EXCLUSIVE);
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < sources.length; i++) {
            int start = tb.getSpanStart(sources[i]);
            int end = tb.getSpanEnd(sources[i]);

            if (start >= 0) {
                tb.replace(start, end, destinations[i]);
            }
        }

        return tb;
    }

    
Replace instances of "^1", "^2", etc. in the
template CharSequence with the corresponding
values.  "^^" is used to produce a single caret in
the output.  Only up to 9 replacement values are supported,
"^10" will be produce the first replacement value followed by a
'0'.
Params:
template – the input text containing "^1"-style
placeholder values.  This object is not modified; a copy is
returned.
values – CharSequences substituted into the template.  The
first is substituted for "^1", the second for "^2", and so on.
Throws:
IllegalArgumentException – if the template requests a
value that was not provided, or if more than 9 values are
provided.
Returns:
the new CharSequence produced by doing the replacement/**
     * Replace instances of "^1", "^2", etc. in the
     * <code>template</code> CharSequence with the corresponding
     * <code>values</code>.  "^^" is used to produce a single caret in
     * the output.  Only up to 9 replacement values are supported,
     * "^10" will be produce the first replacement value followed by a
     * '0'.
     *
     * @param template the input text containing "^1"-style
     * placeholder values.  This object is not modified; a copy is
     * returned.
     *
     * @param values CharSequences substituted into the template.  The
     * first is substituted for "^1", the second for "^2", and so on.
     *
     * @return the new CharSequence produced by doing the replacement
     *
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the template requests a
     * value that was not provided, or if more than 9 values are
     * provided.
     */
    public static CharSequence expandTemplate(CharSequence template,
                                              CharSequence... values) {
        if (values.length > 9) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("max of 9 values are supported");
        }

        SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder(template);

        try {
            int i = 0;
            while (i < ssb.length()) {
                if (ssb.charAt(i) == '^') {
                    char next = ssb.charAt(i+1);
                    if (next == '^') {
                        ssb.delete(i+1, i+2);
                        ++i;
                        continue;
                    } else if (Character.isDigit(next)) {
                        int which = Character.getNumericValue(next) - 1;
                        if (which < 0) {
                            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                                "template requests value ^" + (which+1));
                        }
                        if (which >= values.length) {
                            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                                "template requests value ^" + (which+1) +
                                "; only " + values.length + " provided");
                        }
                        ssb.replace(i, i+2, values[which]);
                        i += values[which].length();
                        continue;
                    }
                }
                ++i;
            }
        } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ignore) {
            // happens when ^ is the last character in the string.
        }
        return ssb;
    }

    public static int getOffsetBefore(CharSequence text, int offset) {
        if (offset == 0)
            return 0;
        if (offset == 1)
            return 0;

        char c = text.charAt(offset - 1);

        if (c >= '\uDC00' && c <= '\uDFFF') {
            char c1 = text.charAt(offset - 2);

            if (c1 >= '\uD800' && c1 <= '\uDBFF')
                offset -= 2;
            else
                offset -= 1;
        } else {
            offset -= 1;
        }

        if (text instanceof Spanned) {
            ReplacementSpan[] spans = ((Spanned) text).getSpans(offset, offset,
                                                       ReplacementSpan.class);

            for (int i = 0; i < spans.length; i++) {
                int start = ((Spanned) text).getSpanStart(spans[i]);
                int end = ((Spanned) text).getSpanEnd(spans[i]);

                if (start < offset && end > offset)
                    offset = start;
            }
        }

        return offset;
    }

    public static int getOffsetAfter(CharSequence text, int offset) {
        int len = text.length();

        if (offset == len)
            return len;
        if (offset == len - 1)
            return len;

        char c = text.charAt(offset);

        if (c >= '\uD800' && c <= '\uDBFF') {
            char c1 = text.charAt(offset + 1);

            if (c1 >= '\uDC00' && c1 <= '\uDFFF')
                offset += 2;
            else
                offset += 1;
        } else {
            offset += 1;
        }

        if (text instanceof Spanned) {
            ReplacementSpan[] spans = ((Spanned) text).getSpans(offset, offset,
                                                       ReplacementSpan.class);

            for (int i = 0; i < spans.length; i++) {
                int start = ((Spanned) text).getSpanStart(spans[i]);
                int end = ((Spanned) text).getSpanEnd(spans[i]);

                if (start < offset && end > offset)
                    offset = end;
            }
        }

        return offset;
    }

    private static void readSpan(Parcel p, Spannable sp, Object o) {
        sp.setSpan(o, p.readInt(), p.readInt(), p.readInt());
    }

    
Copies the spans from the region start...end in
source to the region
destoff...destoff+end-start in dest.
Spans in source that begin before start
or end after end but overlap this range are trimmed
as if they began at start or ended at end.
Throws:
IndexOutOfBoundsException – if any of the copied spans
are out of range in dest./**
     * Copies the spans from the region <code>start...end</code> in
     * <code>source</code> to the region
     * <code>destoff...destoff+end-start</code> in <code>dest</code>.
     * Spans in <code>source</code> that begin before <code>start</code>
     * or end after <code>end</code> but overlap this range are trimmed
     * as if they began at <code>start</code> or ended at <code>end</code>.
     *
     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if any of the copied spans
     * are out of range in <code>dest</code>.
     */
    public static void copySpansFrom(Spanned source, int start, int end,
                                     Class kind,
                                     Spannable dest, int destoff) {
        if (kind == null) {
            kind = Object.class;
        }

        Object[] spans = source.getSpans(start, end, kind);

        for (int i = 0; i < spans.length; i++) {
            int st = source.getSpanStart(spans[i]);
            int en = source.getSpanEnd(spans[i]);
            int fl = source.getSpanFlags(spans[i]);

            if (st < start)
                st = start;
            if (en > end)
                en = end;

            dest.setSpan(spans[i], st - start + destoff, en - start + destoff,
                         fl);
        }
    }

    
Transforms a CharSequences to uppercase, copying the sources spans and keeping them spans as
much as possible close to their relative original places. In the case the the uppercase
string is identical to the sources, the source itself is returned instead of being copied.
If copySpans is set, source must be an instance of Spanned.
{@hide}
/**
     * Transforms a CharSequences to uppercase, copying the sources spans and keeping them spans as
     * much as possible close to their relative original places. In the case the the uppercase
     * string is identical to the sources, the source itself is returned instead of being copied.
     *
     * If copySpans is set, source must be an instance of Spanned.
     *
     * {@hide}
     */
    @NonNull
    public static CharSequence toUpperCase(@Nullable Locale locale, @NonNull CharSequence source,
            boolean copySpans) {
        final Edits edits = new Edits();
        if (!copySpans) { // No spans. Just uppercase the characters.
            final StringBuilder result = CaseMap.toUpper().apply(
                    locale, source, new StringBuilder(), edits);
            return edits.hasChanges() ? result : source;
        }

        final SpannableStringBuilder result = CaseMap.toUpper().apply(
                locale, source, new SpannableStringBuilder(), edits);
        if (!edits.hasChanges()) {
            // No changes happened while capitalizing. We can return the source as it was.
            return source;
        }

        final Edits.Iterator iterator = edits.getFineIterator();
        final int sourceLength = source.length();
        final Spanned spanned = (Spanned) source;
        final Object[] spans = spanned.getSpans(0, sourceLength, Object.class);
        for (Object span : spans) {
            final int sourceStart = spanned.getSpanStart(span);
            final int sourceEnd = spanned.getSpanEnd(span);
            final int flags = spanned.getSpanFlags(span);
            // Make sure the indices are not at the end of the string, since in that case
            // iterator.findSourceIndex() would fail.
            final int destStart = sourceStart == sourceLength ? result.length() :
                    toUpperMapToDest(iterator, sourceStart);
            final int destEnd = sourceEnd == sourceLength ? result.length() :
                    toUpperMapToDest(iterator, sourceEnd);
            result.setSpan(span, destStart, destEnd, flags);
        }
        return result;
    }

    // helper method for toUpperCase()
    private static int toUpperMapToDest(Edits.Iterator iterator, int sourceIndex) {
        // Guaranteed to succeed if sourceIndex < source.length().
        iterator.findSourceIndex(sourceIndex);
        if (sourceIndex == iterator.sourceIndex()) {
            return iterator.destinationIndex();
        }
        // We handle the situation differently depending on if we are in the changed slice or an
        // unchanged one: In an unchanged slice, we can find the exact location the span
        // boundary was before and map there.
        //
        // But in a changed slice, we need to treat the whole destination slice as an atomic unit.
        // We adjust the span boundary to the end of that slice to reduce of the chance of adjacent
        // spans in the source overlapping in the result. (The choice for the end vs the beginning
        // is somewhat arbitrary, but was taken because we except to see slightly more spans only
        // affecting a base character compared to spans only affecting a combining character.)
        if (iterator.hasChange()) {
            return iterator.destinationIndex() + iterator.newLength();
        } else {
            // Move the index 1:1 along with this unchanged piece of text.
            return iterator.destinationIndex() + (sourceIndex - iterator.sourceIndex());
        }
    }

    public enum TruncateAt {
        START,
        MIDDLE,
        END,
        MARQUEE,
        
@hide
/**
         * @hide
         */
        END_SMALL
    }

    public interface EllipsizeCallback {
        
This method is called to report that the specified region of text was ellipsized away by a call to ellipsize. /**
         * This method is called to report that the specified region of
         * text was ellipsized away by a call to {@link #ellipsize}.
         */
        public void ellipsized(int start, int end);
    }

    
Returns the original text if it fits in the specified width
given the properties of the specified Paint,
or, if it does not fit, a truncated
copy with ellipsis character added at the specified edge or center.
/**
     * Returns the original text if it fits in the specified width
     * given the properties of the specified Paint,
     * or, if it does not fit, a truncated
     * copy with ellipsis character added at the specified edge or center.
     */
    public static CharSequence ellipsize(CharSequence text,
                                         TextPaint p,
                                         float avail, TruncateAt where) {
        return ellipsize(text, p, avail, where, false, null);
    }

    
Returns the original text if it fits in the specified width
given the properties of the specified Paint,
or, if it does not fit, a copy with ellipsis character added
at the specified edge or center.
If preserveLength is specified, the returned copy
will be padded with zero-width spaces to preserve the original
length and offsets instead of truncating.
If callback is non-null, it will be called to
report the start and end of the ellipsized range.  TextDirection
is determined by the first strong directional character.
/**
     * Returns the original text if it fits in the specified width
     * given the properties of the specified Paint,
     * or, if it does not fit, a copy with ellipsis character added
     * at the specified edge or center.
     * If <code>preserveLength</code> is specified, the returned copy
     * will be padded with zero-width spaces to preserve the original
     * length and offsets instead of truncating.
     * If <code>callback</code> is non-null, it will be called to
     * report the start and end of the ellipsized range.  TextDirection
     * is determined by the first strong directional character.
     */
    public static CharSequence ellipsize(CharSequence text,
                                         TextPaint paint,
                                         float avail, TruncateAt where,
                                         boolean preserveLength,
                                         @Nullable EllipsizeCallback callback) {
        return ellipsize(text, paint, avail, where, preserveLength, callback,
                TextDirectionHeuristics.FIRSTSTRONG_LTR,
                getEllipsisString(where));
    }

    
Returns the original text if it fits in the specified width
given the properties of the specified Paint,
or, if it does not fit, a copy with ellipsis character added
at the specified edge or center.
If preserveLength is specified, the returned copy
will be padded with zero-width spaces to preserve the original
length and offsets instead of truncating.
If callback is non-null, it will be called to
report the start and end of the ellipsized range.
@hide
/**
     * Returns the original text if it fits in the specified width
     * given the properties of the specified Paint,
     * or, if it does not fit, a copy with ellipsis character added
     * at the specified edge or center.
     * If <code>preserveLength</code> is specified, the returned copy
     * will be padded with zero-width spaces to preserve the original
     * length and offsets instead of truncating.
     * If <code>callback</code> is non-null, it will be called to
     * report the start and end of the ellipsized range.
     *
     * @hide
     */
    public static CharSequence ellipsize(CharSequence text,
            TextPaint paint,
            float avail, TruncateAt where,
            boolean preserveLength,
            @Nullable EllipsizeCallback callback,
            TextDirectionHeuristic textDir, String ellipsis) {

        int len = text.length();

        MeasuredParagraph mt = null;
        try {
            mt = MeasuredParagraph.buildForMeasurement(paint, text, 0, text.length(), textDir, mt);
            float width = mt.getWholeWidth();

            if (width <= avail) {
                if (callback != null) {
                    callback.ellipsized(0, 0);
                }

                return text;
            }

            // XXX assumes ellipsis string does not require shaping and
            // is unaffected by style
            float ellipsiswid = paint.measureText(ellipsis);
            avail -= ellipsiswid;

            int left = 0;
            int right = len;
            if (avail < 0) {
                // it all goes
            } else if (where == TruncateAt.START) {
                right = len - mt.breakText(len, false, avail);
            } else if (where == TruncateAt.END || where == TruncateAt.END_SMALL) {
                left = mt.breakText(len, true, avail);
            } else {
                right = len - mt.breakText(len, false, avail / 2);
                avail -= mt.measure(right, len);
                left = mt.breakText(right, true, avail);
            }

            if (callback != null) {
                callback.ellipsized(left, right);
            }

            final char[] buf = mt.getChars();
            Spanned sp = text instanceof Spanned ? (Spanned) text : null;

            final int removed = right - left;
            final int remaining = len - removed;
            if (preserveLength) {
                if (remaining > 0 && removed >= ellipsis.length()) {
                    ellipsis.getChars(0, ellipsis.length(), buf, left);
                    left += ellipsis.length();
                } // else skip the ellipsis
                for (int i = left; i < right; i++) {
                    buf[i] = ELLIPSIS_FILLER;
                }
                String s = new String(buf, 0, len);
                if (sp == null) {
                    return s;
                }
                SpannableString ss = new SpannableString(s);
                copySpansFrom(sp, 0, len, Object.class, ss, 0);
                return ss;
            }

            if (remaining == 0) {
                return "";
            }

            if (sp == null) {
                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(remaining + ellipsis.length());
                sb.append(buf, 0, left);
                sb.append(ellipsis);
                sb.append(buf, right, len - right);
                return sb.toString();
            }

            SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder();
            ssb.append(text, 0, left);
            ssb.append(ellipsis);
            ssb.append(text, right, len);
            return ssb;
        } finally {
            if (mt != null) {
                mt.recycle();
            }
        }
    }

    
Formats a list of CharSequences by repeatedly inserting the separator between them, but stopping when the resulting sequence is too wide for the specified width. This method actually tries to fit the maximum number of elements. So if "A, 11 more"
fits, "A, B, 10 more" doesn't fit, but "A, B, C, 9 more" fits again (due to the glyphs for the digits being very wide, for example), it returns "A, B, C, 9 more". Because of this, this method may be inefficient for very long lists. Note that the elements of the returned value, as well as the string for moreId, will be bidi-wrapped using BidiFormatter.unicodeWrap based on the locale of the input Context. If the input Context is null, the default BidiFormatter from BidiFormatter.getInstance() will be used. 
Params:
context – the Context to get the moreId resource from. If null, an ellipsis (U+2026) would be used for moreId.
elements – the list to format
separator – a separator, such as ", "
paint – the Paint with which to measure the text
avail – the horizontal width available for the text (in pixels)
moreId – the resource ID for the pluralized string to insert at the end of sequence when
    some of the elements don't fit.
Returns:
the formatted CharSequence. If even the shortest sequence (e.g. "A, 11 more") doesn't fit, it will return an empty string./**
     * Formats a list of CharSequences by repeatedly inserting the separator between them,
     * but stopping when the resulting sequence is too wide for the specified width.
     *
     * This method actually tries to fit the maximum number of elements. So if {@code "A, 11 more"
     * fits}, {@code "A, B, 10 more"} doesn't fit, but {@code "A, B, C, 9 more"} fits again (due to
     * the glyphs for the digits being very wide, for example), it returns
     * {@code "A, B, C, 9 more"}. Because of this, this method may be inefficient for very long
     * lists.
     *
     * Note that the elements of the returned value, as well as the string for {@code moreId}, will
     * be bidi-wrapped using {@link BidiFormatter#unicodeWrap} based on the locale of the input
     * Context. If the input {@code Context} is null, the default BidiFormatter from
     * {@link BidiFormatter#getInstance()} will be used.
     *
     * @param context the {@code Context} to get the {@code moreId} resource from. If {@code null},
     *     an ellipsis (U+2026) would be used for {@code moreId}.
     * @param elements the list to format
     * @param separator a separator, such as {@code ", "}
     * @param paint the Paint with which to measure the text
     * @param avail the horizontal width available for the text (in pixels)
     * @param moreId the resource ID for the pluralized string to insert at the end of sequence when
     *     some of the elements don't fit.
     *
     * @return the formatted CharSequence. If even the shortest sequence (e.g. {@code "A, 11 more"})
     *     doesn't fit, it will return an empty string.
     */

    public static CharSequence listEllipsize(@Nullable Context context,
            @Nullable List<CharSequence> elements, @NonNull String separator,
            @NonNull TextPaint paint, @FloatRange(from=0.0,fromInclusive=false) float avail,
            @PluralsRes int moreId) {
        if (elements == null) {
            return "";
        }
        final int totalLen = elements.size();
        if (totalLen == 0) {
            return "";
        }

        final Resources res;
        final BidiFormatter bidiFormatter;
        if (context == null) {
            res = null;
            bidiFormatter = BidiFormatter.getInstance();
        } else {
            res = context.getResources();
            bidiFormatter = BidiFormatter.getInstance(res.getConfiguration().getLocales().get(0));
        }

        final SpannableStringBuilder output = new SpannableStringBuilder();
        final int[] endIndexes = new int[totalLen];
        for (int i = 0; i < totalLen; i++) {
            output.append(bidiFormatter.unicodeWrap(elements.get(i)));
            if (i != totalLen - 1) {  // Insert a separator, except at the very end.
                output.append(separator);
            }
            endIndexes[i] = output.length();
        }

        for (int i = totalLen - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
            // Delete the tail of the string, cutting back to one less element.
            output.delete(endIndexes[i], output.length());

            final int remainingElements = totalLen - i - 1;
            if (remainingElements > 0) {
                CharSequence morePiece = (res == null) ?
                        ELLIPSIS_NORMAL :
                        res.getQuantityString(moreId, remainingElements, remainingElements);
                morePiece = bidiFormatter.unicodeWrap(morePiece);
                output.append(morePiece);
            }

            final float width = paint.measureText(output, 0, output.length());
            if (width <= avail) {  // The string fits.
                return output;
            }
        }
        return "";  // Nothing fits.
    }

    
Converts a CharSequence of the comma-separated form "Andy, Bob,
Charles, David" that is too wide to fit into the specified width
into one like "Andy, Bob, 2 more".
Params:
text – the text to truncate
p – the Paint with which to measure the text
avail – the horizontal width available for the text (in pixels)
oneMore – the string for "1 more" in the current locale
more – the string for "%d more" in the current locale
Deprecated:
Do not use. This is not internationalized, and has known issues with right-to-left text, languages that have more than one plural form, languages that use a different character as a comma-like separator, etc. Use listEllipsize instead./**
     * Converts a CharSequence of the comma-separated form "Andy, Bob,
     * Charles, David" that is too wide to fit into the specified width
     * into one like "Andy, Bob, 2 more".
     *
     * @param text the text to truncate
     * @param p the Paint with which to measure the text
     * @param avail the horizontal width available for the text (in pixels)
     * @param oneMore the string for "1 more" in the current locale
     * @param more the string for "%d more" in the current locale
     *
     * @deprecated Do not use. This is not internationalized, and has known issues
     * with right-to-left text, languages that have more than one plural form, languages
     * that use a different character as a comma-like separator, etc.
     * Use {@link #listEllipsize} instead.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public static CharSequence commaEllipsize(CharSequence text,
                                              TextPaint p, float avail,
                                              String oneMore,
                                              String more) {
        return commaEllipsize(text, p, avail, oneMore, more,
                TextDirectionHeuristics.FIRSTSTRONG_LTR);
    }

    
@hide
/**
     * @hide
     */
    @Deprecated
    public static CharSequence commaEllipsize(CharSequence text, TextPaint p,
         float avail, String oneMore, String more, TextDirectionHeuristic textDir) {

        MeasuredParagraph mt = null;
        MeasuredParagraph tempMt = null;
        try {
            int len = text.length();
            mt = MeasuredParagraph.buildForMeasurement(p, text, 0, len, textDir, mt);
            final float width = mt.getWholeWidth();
            if (width <= avail) {
                return text;
            }

            char[] buf = mt.getChars();

            int commaCount = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
                if (buf[i] == ',') {
                    commaCount++;
                }
            }

            int remaining = commaCount + 1;

            int ok = 0;
            String okFormat = "";

            int w = 0;
            int count = 0;
            float[] widths = mt.getWidths().getRawArray();

            for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
                w += widths[i];

                if (buf[i] == ',') {
                    count++;

                    String format;
                    // XXX should not insert spaces, should be part of string
                    // XXX should use plural rules and not assume English plurals
                    if (--remaining == 1) {
                        format = " " + oneMore;
                    } else {
                        format = " " + String.format(more, remaining);
                    }

                    // XXX this is probably ok, but need to look at it more
                    tempMt = MeasuredParagraph.buildForMeasurement(
                            p, format, 0, format.length(), textDir, tempMt);
                    float moreWid = tempMt.getWholeWidth();

                    if (w + moreWid <= avail) {
                        ok = i + 1;
                        okFormat = format;
                    }
                }
            }

            SpannableStringBuilder out = new SpannableStringBuilder(okFormat);
            out.insert(0, text, 0, ok);
            return out;
        } finally {
            if (mt != null) {
                mt.recycle();
            }
            if (tempMt != null) {
                tempMt.recycle();
            }
        }
    }

    // Returns true if the character's presence could affect RTL layout.
    //
    // In order to be fast, the code is intentionally rough and quite conservative in its
    // considering inclusion of any non-BMP or surrogate characters or anything in the bidi
    // blocks or any bidi formatting characters with a potential to affect RTL layout.
    /* package */
    static boolean couldAffectRtl(char c) {
        return (0x0590 <= c && c <= 0x08FF) ||  // RTL scripts
                c == 0x200E ||  // Bidi format character
                c == 0x200F ||  // Bidi format character
                (0x202A <= c && c <= 0x202E) ||  // Bidi format characters
                (0x2066 <= c && c <= 0x2069) ||  // Bidi format characters
                (0xD800 <= c && c <= 0xDFFF) ||  // Surrogate pairs
                (0xFB1D <= c && c <= 0xFDFF) ||  // Hebrew and Arabic presentation forms
                (0xFE70 <= c && c <= 0xFEFE);  // Arabic presentation forms
    }

    // Returns true if there is no character present that may potentially affect RTL layout.
    // Since this calls couldAffectRtl() above, it's also quite conservative, in the way that
    // it may return 'false' (needs bidi) although careful consideration may tell us it should
    // return 'true' (does not need bidi).
    /* package */
    static boolean doesNotNeedBidi(char[] text, int start, int len) {
        final int end = start + len;
        for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
            if (couldAffectRtl(text[i])) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    /* package */ static char[] obtain(int len) {
        char[] buf;

        synchronized (sLock) {
            buf = sTemp;
            sTemp = null;
        }

        if (buf == null || buf.length < len)
            buf = ArrayUtils.newUnpaddedCharArray(len);

        return buf;
    }

    /* package */ static void recycle(char[] temp) {
        if (temp.length > 1000)
            return;

        synchronized (sLock) {
            sTemp = temp;
        }
    }

    
Html-encode the string.
Params:
s – the string to be encoded
Returns:
the encoded string/**
     * Html-encode the string.
     * @param s the string to be encoded
     * @return the encoded string
     */
    public static String htmlEncode(String s) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        char c;
        for (int i = 0; i < s.length(); i++) {
            c = s.charAt(i);
            switch (c) {
            case '<':
                sb.append("&lt;"); //$NON-NLS-1$
                break;
            case '>':
                sb.append("&gt;"); //$NON-NLS-1$
                break;
            case '&':
                sb.append("&amp;"); //$NON-NLS-1$
                break;
            case '\'':
                //http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1
                // The named character reference &apos; (the apostrophe, U+0027) was introduced in
                // XML 1.0 but does not appear in HTML. Authors should therefore use &#39; instead
                // of &apos; to work as expected in HTML 4 user agents.
                sb.append("&#39;"); //$NON-NLS-1$
                break;
            case '"':
                sb.append("&quot;"); //$NON-NLS-1$
                break;
            default:
                sb.append(c);
            }
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    
Returns a CharSequence concatenating the specified CharSequences,
retaining their spans if any.
If there are no parameters, an empty string will be returned.
If the number of parameters is exactly one, that parameter is returned as output, even if it
is null.
If the number of parameters is at least two, any null CharSequence among the parameters is
treated as if it was the string "null".
If there are paragraph spans in the source CharSequences that satisfy paragraph boundary
requirements in the sources but would no longer satisfy them in the concatenated
CharSequence, they may get extended in the resulting CharSequence or not retained.
/**
     * Returns a CharSequence concatenating the specified CharSequences,
     * retaining their spans if any.
     *
     * If there are no parameters, an empty string will be returned.
     *
     * If the number of parameters is exactly one, that parameter is returned as output, even if it
     * is null.
     *
     * If the number of parameters is at least two, any null CharSequence among the parameters is
     * treated as if it was the string <code>"null"</code>.
     *
     * If there are paragraph spans in the source CharSequences that satisfy paragraph boundary
     * requirements in the sources but would no longer satisfy them in the concatenated
     * CharSequence, they may get extended in the resulting CharSequence or not retained.
     */
    public static CharSequence concat(CharSequence... text) {
        if (text.length == 0) {
            return "";
        }

        if (text.length == 1) {
            return text[0];
        }

        boolean spanned = false;
        for (CharSequence piece : text) {
            if (piece instanceof Spanned) {
                spanned = true;
                break;
            }
        }

        if (spanned) {
            final SpannableStringBuilder ssb = new SpannableStringBuilder();
            for (CharSequence piece : text) {
                // If a piece is null, we append the string "null" for compatibility with the
                // behavior of StringBuilder and the behavior of the concat() method in earlier
                // versions of Android.
                ssb.append(piece == null ? "null" : piece);
            }
            return new SpannedString(ssb);
        } else {
            final StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            for (CharSequence piece : text) {
                sb.append(piece);
            }
            return sb.toString();
        }
    }

    
Returns whether the given CharSequence contains any printable characters.
/**
     * Returns whether the given CharSequence contains any printable characters.
     */
    public static boolean isGraphic(CharSequence str) {
        final int len = str.length();
        for (int cp, i=0; i<len; i+=Character.charCount(cp)) {
            cp = Character.codePointAt(str, i);
            int gc = Character.getType(cp);
            if (gc != Character.CONTROL
                    && gc != Character.FORMAT
                    && gc != Character.SURROGATE
                    && gc != Character.UNASSIGNED
                    && gc != Character.LINE_SEPARATOR
                    && gc != Character.PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR
                    && gc != Character.SPACE_SEPARATOR) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    
Returns whether this character is a printable character.
This does not support non-BMP characters and should not be used.
Deprecated:
Use isGraphic(CharSequence) instead./**
     * Returns whether this character is a printable character.
     *
     * This does not support non-BMP characters and should not be used.
     *
     * @deprecated Use {@link #isGraphic(CharSequence)} instead.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public static boolean isGraphic(char c) {
        int gc = Character.getType(c);
        return     gc != Character.CONTROL
                && gc != Character.FORMAT
                && gc != Character.SURROGATE
                && gc != Character.UNASSIGNED
                && gc != Character.LINE_SEPARATOR
                && gc != Character.PARAGRAPH_SEPARATOR
                && gc != Character.SPACE_SEPARATOR;
    }

    
Returns whether the given CharSequence contains only digits.
/**
     * Returns whether the given CharSequence contains only digits.
     */
    public static boolean isDigitsOnly(CharSequence str) {
        final int len = str.length();
        for (int cp, i = 0; i < len; i += Character.charCount(cp)) {
            cp = Character.codePointAt(str, i);
            if (!Character.isDigit(cp)) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    
@hide
/**
     * @hide
     */
    public static boolean isPrintableAscii(final char c) {
        final int asciiFirst = 0x20;
        final int asciiLast = 0x7E;  // included
        return (asciiFirst <= c && c <= asciiLast) || c == '\r' || c == '\n';
    }

    
@hide
/**
     * @hide
     */
    public static boolean isPrintableAsciiOnly(final CharSequence str) {
        final int len = str.length();
        for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
            if (!isPrintableAscii(str.charAt(i))) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    
Capitalization mode for getCapsMode: capitalize all characters. This value is explicitly defined to be the same as InputType.TYPE_TEXT_FLAG_CAP_CHARACTERS. /**
     * Capitalization mode for {@link #getCapsMode}: capitalize all
     * characters.  This value is explicitly defined to be the same as
     * {@link InputType#TYPE_TEXT_FLAG_CAP_CHARACTERS}.
     */
    public static final int CAP_MODE_CHARACTERS
            = InputType.TYPE_TEXT_FLAG_CAP_CHARACTERS;

    
Capitalization mode for getCapsMode: capitalize the first character of all words. This value is explicitly defined to be the same as InputType.TYPE_TEXT_FLAG_CAP_WORDS. /**
     * Capitalization mode for {@link #getCapsMode}: capitalize the first
     * character of all words.  This value is explicitly defined to be the same as
     * {@link InputType#TYPE_TEXT_FLAG_CAP_WORDS}.
     */
    public static final int CAP_MODE_WORDS
            = InputType.TYPE_TEXT_FLAG_CAP_WORDS;

    
Capitalization mode for getCapsMode: capitalize the first character of each sentence. This value is explicitly defined to be the same as InputType.TYPE_TEXT_FLAG_CAP_SENTENCES. /**
     * Capitalization mode for {@link #getCapsMode}: capitalize the first
     * character of each sentence.  This value is explicitly defined to be the same as
     * {@link InputType#TYPE_TEXT_FLAG_CAP_SENTENCES}.
     */
    public static final int CAP_MODE_SENTENCES
            = InputType.TYPE_TEXT_FLAG_CAP_SENTENCES;

    
Determine what caps mode should be in effect at the current offset in
the text.  Only the mode bits set in reqModes will be checked. Note that the caps mode flags here are explicitly defined to match those in InputType. 
Params:
cs – The text that should be checked for caps modes.
off – Location in the text at which to check.
reqModes – The modes to be checked: may be any combination of CAP_MODE_CHARACTERS, CAP_MODE_WORDS, and CAP_MODE_SENTENCES.
Returns:
Returns the actual capitalization modes that can be in effect at the current position, which is any combination of CAP_MODE_CHARACTERS, CAP_MODE_WORDS, and CAP_MODE_SENTENCES./**
     * Determine what caps mode should be in effect at the current offset in
     * the text.  Only the mode bits set in <var>reqModes</var> will be
     * checked.  Note that the caps mode flags here are explicitly defined
     * to match those in {@link InputType}.
     *
     * @param cs The text that should be checked for caps modes.
     * @param off Location in the text at which to check.
     * @param reqModes The modes to be checked: may be any combination of
     * {@link #CAP_MODE_CHARACTERS}, {@link #CAP_MODE_WORDS}, and
     * {@link #CAP_MODE_SENTENCES}.
     *
     * @return Returns the actual capitalization modes that can be in effect
     * at the current position, which is any combination of
     * {@link #CAP_MODE_CHARACTERS}, {@link #CAP_MODE_WORDS}, and
     * {@link #CAP_MODE_SENTENCES}.
     */
    public static int getCapsMode(CharSequence cs, int off, int reqModes) {
        if (off < 0) {
            return 0;
        }

        int i;
        char c;
        int mode = 0;

        if ((reqModes&CAP_MODE_CHARACTERS) != 0) {
            mode |= CAP_MODE_CHARACTERS;
        }
        if ((reqModes&(CAP_MODE_WORDS|CAP_MODE_SENTENCES)) == 0) {
            return mode;
        }

        // Back over allowed opening punctuation.

        for (i = off; i > 0; i--) {
            c = cs.charAt(i - 1);

            if (c != '"' && c != '\'' &&
                Character.getType(c) != Character.START_PUNCTUATION) {
                break;
            }
        }

        // Start of paragraph, with optional whitespace.

        int j = i;
        while (j > 0 && ((c = cs.charAt(j - 1)) == ' ' || c == '\t')) {
            j--;
        }
        if (j == 0 || cs.charAt(j - 1) == '\n') {
            return mode | CAP_MODE_WORDS;
        }

        // Or start of word if we are that style.

        if ((reqModes&CAP_MODE_SENTENCES) == 0) {
            if (i != j) mode |= CAP_MODE_WORDS;
            return mode;
        }

        // There must be a space if not the start of paragraph.

        if (i == j) {
            return mode;
        }

        // Back over allowed closing punctuation.

        for (; j > 0; j--) {
            c = cs.charAt(j - 1);

            if (c != '"' && c != '\'' &&
                Character.getType(c) != Character.END_PUNCTUATION) {
                break;
            }
        }

        if (j > 0) {
            c = cs.charAt(j - 1);

            if (c == '.' || c == '?' || c == '!') {
                // Do not capitalize if the word ends with a period but
                // also contains a period, in which case it is an abbreviation.

                if (c == '.') {
                    for (int k = j - 2; k >= 0; k--) {
                        c = cs.charAt(k);

                        if (c == '.') {
                            return mode;
                        }

                        if (!Character.isLetter(c)) {
                            break;
                        }
                    }
                }

                return mode | CAP_MODE_SENTENCES;
            }
        }

        return mode;
    }

    
Does a comma-delimited list 'delimitedString' contain a certain item?
(without allocating memory)
@hide
/**
     * Does a comma-delimited list 'delimitedString' contain a certain item?
     * (without allocating memory)
     *
     * @hide
     */
    public static boolean delimitedStringContains(
            String delimitedString, char delimiter, String item) {
        if (isEmpty(delimitedString) || isEmpty(item)) {
            return false;
        }
        int pos = -1;
        int length = delimitedString.length();
        while ((pos = delimitedString.indexOf(item, pos + 1)) != -1) {
            if (pos > 0 && delimitedString.charAt(pos - 1) != delimiter) {
                continue;
            }
            int expectedDelimiterPos = pos + item.length();
            if (expectedDelimiterPos == length) {
                // Match at end of string.
                return true;
            }
            if (delimitedString.charAt(expectedDelimiterPos) == delimiter) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    
Removes empty spans from the spans array. When parsing a Spanned using Spanned.nextSpanTransition(int, int, Class), empty spans will (correctly) create span transitions, and calling getSpans on a slice of text bounded by one of these transitions will (correctly) include the empty overlapping span. However, these empty spans should not be taken into account when layouting or rendering the string and this method provides a way to filter getSpans' results accordingly. 
Params:
spans – A list of spans retrieved using Spanned.getSpans(int, int, Class<Object>) from the spanned
spanned – The Spanned from which spans were extracted
Returns:
A subset of spans where empty spans (Spanned.getSpanStart(Object) == Spanned.getSpanEnd(Object) have been removed. The initial order is preserved
@hide
/**
     * Removes empty spans from the <code>spans</code> array.
     *
     * When parsing a Spanned using {@link Spanned#nextSpanTransition(int, int, Class)}, empty spans
     * will (correctly) create span transitions, and calling getSpans on a slice of text bounded by
     * one of these transitions will (correctly) include the empty overlapping span.
     *
     * However, these empty spans should not be taken into account when layouting or rendering the
     * string and this method provides a way to filter getSpans' results accordingly.
     *
     * @param spans A list of spans retrieved using {@link Spanned#getSpans(int, int, Class)} from
     * the <code>spanned</code>
     * @param spanned The Spanned from which spans were extracted
     * @return A subset of spans where empty spans ({@link Spanned#getSpanStart(Object)}  ==
     * {@link Spanned#getSpanEnd(Object)} have been removed. The initial order is preserved
     * @hide
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    public static <T> T[] removeEmptySpans(T[] spans, Spanned spanned, Class<T> klass) {
        T[] copy = null;
        int count = 0;

        for (int i = 0; i < spans.length; i++) {
            final T span = spans[i];
            final int start = spanned.getSpanStart(span);
            final int end = spanned.getSpanEnd(span);

            if (start == end) {
                if (copy == null) {
                    copy = (T[]) Array.newInstance(klass, spans.length - 1);
                    System.arraycopy(spans, 0, copy, 0, i);
                    count = i;
                }
            } else {
                if (copy != null) {
                    copy[count] = span;
                    count++;
                }
            }
        }

        if (copy != null) {
            T[] result = (T[]) Array.newInstance(klass, count);
            System.arraycopy(copy, 0, result, 0, count);
            return result;
        } else {
            return spans;
        }
    }

    
Pack 2 int values into a long, useful as a return value for a range
See Also:
unpackRangeStartFromLong(long)
unpackRangeEndFromLong(long)
@hide
/**
     * Pack 2 int values into a long, useful as a return value for a range
     * @see #unpackRangeStartFromLong(long)
     * @see #unpackRangeEndFromLong(long)
     * @hide
     */
    public static long packRangeInLong(int start, int end) {
        return (((long) start) << 32) | end;
    }

    
Get the start value from a range packed in a long by packRangeInLong(int, int) 
See Also:
unpackRangeEndFromLong(long)
packRangeInLong(int, int)
@hide
/**
     * Get the start value from a range packed in a long by {@link #packRangeInLong(int, int)}
     * @see #unpackRangeEndFromLong(long)
     * @see #packRangeInLong(int, int)
     * @hide
     */
    public static int unpackRangeStartFromLong(long range) {
        return (int) (range >>> 32);
    }

    
Get the end value from a range packed in a long by packRangeInLong(int, int) 
See Also:
unpackRangeStartFromLong(long)
packRangeInLong(int, int)
@hide
/**
     * Get the end value from a range packed in a long by {@link #packRangeInLong(int, int)}
     * @see #unpackRangeStartFromLong(long)
     * @see #packRangeInLong(int, int)
     * @hide
     */
    public static int unpackRangeEndFromLong(long range) {
        return (int) (range & 0x00000000FFFFFFFFL);
    }

    
Return the layout direction for a given Locale
Params:
locale – the Locale for which we want the layout direction. Can be null.
Returns:
the layout direction. This may be one of: View.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR or View.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL. Be careful: this code will need to be updated when vertical scripts will be supported/**
     * Return the layout direction for a given Locale
     *
     * @param locale the Locale for which we want the layout direction. Can be null.
     * @return the layout direction. This may be one of:
     * {@link android.view.View#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR} or
     * {@link android.view.View#LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL}.
     *
     * Be careful: this code will need to be updated when vertical scripts will be supported
     */
    public static int getLayoutDirectionFromLocale(Locale locale) {
        return ((locale != null && !locale.equals(Locale.ROOT)
                        && ULocale.forLocale(locale).isRightToLeft())
                // If forcing into RTL layout mode, return RTL as default
                || SystemProperties.getBoolean(Settings.Global.DEVELOPMENT_FORCE_RTL, false))
            ? View.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_RTL
            : View.LAYOUT_DIRECTION_LTR;
    }

    
Return localized string representing the given number of selected items.
@hide
/**
     * Return localized string representing the given number of selected items.
     *
     * @hide
     */
    public static CharSequence formatSelectedCount(int count) {
        return Resources.getSystem().getQuantityString(R.plurals.selected_count, count, count);
    }

    
Returns whether or not the specified spanned text has a style span.
@hide
/**
     * Returns whether or not the specified spanned text has a style span.
     * @hide
     */
    public static boolean hasStyleSpan(@NonNull Spanned spanned) {
        Preconditions.checkArgument(spanned != null);
        final Class<?>[] styleClasses = {
                CharacterStyle.class, ParagraphStyle.class, UpdateAppearance.class};
        for (Class<?> clazz : styleClasses) {
            if (spanned.nextSpanTransition(-1, spanned.length(), clazz) < spanned.length()) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    
If the charSequence is instance of Spanned, creates a new copy and NoCopySpan's are removed from the copy. Otherwise the given charSequence is returned as it is. 
@hide
/**
     * If the {@code charSequence} is instance of {@link Spanned}, creates a new copy and
     * {@link NoCopySpan}'s are removed from the copy. Otherwise the given {@code charSequence} is
     * returned as it is.
     *
     * @hide
     */
    @Nullable
    public static CharSequence trimNoCopySpans(@Nullable CharSequence charSequence) {
        if (charSequence != null && charSequence instanceof Spanned) {
            // SpannableStringBuilder copy constructor trims NoCopySpans.
            return new SpannableStringBuilder(charSequence);
        }
        return charSequence;
    }

    
Prepends start and appends end to a given StringBuilder 
@hide
/**
     * Prepends {@code start} and appends {@code end} to a given {@link StringBuilder}
     *
     * @hide
     */
    public static void wrap(StringBuilder builder, String start, String end) {
        builder.insert(0, start);
        builder.append(end);
    }

    
Intent size limitations prevent sending over a megabyte of data. Limit
text length to 100K characters - 200KB.
/**
     * Intent size limitations prevent sending over a megabyte of data. Limit
     * text length to 100K characters - 200KB.
     */
    private static final int PARCEL_SAFE_TEXT_LENGTH = 100000;

    
Trims the text to PARCEL_SAFE_TEXT_LENGTH length. Returns the string as it is if the length() is smaller than PARCEL_SAFE_TEXT_LENGTH. Used for text that is parceled into a Parcelable. 
@hide
/**
     * Trims the text to {@link #PARCEL_SAFE_TEXT_LENGTH} length. Returns the string as it is if
     * the length() is smaller than {@link #PARCEL_SAFE_TEXT_LENGTH}. Used for text that is parceled
     * into a {@link Parcelable}.
     *
     * @hide
     */
    @Nullable
    public static <T extends CharSequence> T trimToParcelableSize(@Nullable T text) {
        return trimToSize(text, PARCEL_SAFE_TEXT_LENGTH);
    }

    
Trims the text to size length. Returns the string as it is if the length() is smaller than size. If chars at size-1 and size is a surrogate pair, returns a CharSequence of length size-1. 
Params:
size – length of the result, should be greater than 0
@hide
/**
     * Trims the text to {@code size} length. Returns the string as it is if the length() is
     * smaller than {@code size}. If chars at {@code size-1} and {@code size} is a surrogate
     * pair, returns a CharSequence of length {@code size-1}.
     *
     * @param size length of the result, should be greater than 0
     *
     * @hide
     */
    @Nullable
    public static <T extends CharSequence> T trimToSize(@Nullable T text,
            @IntRange(from = 1) int size) {
        Preconditions.checkArgument(size > 0);
        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(text) || text.length() <= size) return text;
        if (Character.isHighSurrogate(text.charAt(size - 1))
                && Character.isLowSurrogate(text.charAt(size))) {
            size = size - 1;
        }
        return (T) text.subSequence(0, size);
    }

    private static Object sLock = new Object();

    private static char[] sTemp = null;

    private static String[] EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY = new String[]{};
}