/*
 **** BEGIN LICENSE BLOCK *****
 * Version: EPL 2.0/GPL 2.0/LGPL 2.1
 *
 * The contents of this file are subject to the Eclipse Public
 * License Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file
 * except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of
 * the License at http://www.eclipse.org/legal/epl-v20.html
 *
 * Software distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS
 * IS" basis, WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, either express or
 * implied. See the License for the specific language governing
 * rights and limitations under the License.
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2002-2004 Anders Bengtsson <ndrsbngtssn@yahoo.se>
 * Copyright (C) 2002-2004 Jan Arne Petersen <jpetersen@uni-bonn.de>
 * Copyright (C) 2004 Thomas E Enebo <enebo@acm.org>
 * Copyright (C) 2004 Charles O Nutter <headius@headius.com>
 * Copyright (C) 2004 Stefan Matthias Aust <sma@3plus4.de>
 * Copyright (C) 2006 Ola Bini <ola.bini@ki.se>
 *
 * Alternatively, the contents of this file may be used under the terms of
 * either of the GNU General Public License Version 2 or later (the "GPL"),
 * or the GNU Lesser General Public License Version 2.1 or later (the "LGPL"),
 * in which case the provisions of the GPL or the LGPL are applicable instead
 * of those above. If you wish to allow use of your version of this file only
 * under the terms of either the GPL or the LGPL, and not to allow others to
 * use your version of this file under the terms of the EPL, indicate your
 * decision by deleting the provisions above and replace them with the notice
 * and other provisions required by the GPL or the LGPL. If you do not delete
 * the provisions above, a recipient may use your version of this file under
 * the terms of any one of the EPL, the GPL or the LGPL.
 ***** END LICENSE BLOCK *****/

package org.jruby.runtime.marshal;

import java.io.EOFException;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import org.jcodings.Encoding;
import org.jcodings.EncodingDB.Entry;
import org.jcodings.specific.ASCIIEncoding;
import org.jcodings.specific.USASCIIEncoding;
import org.jcodings.specific.UTF8Encoding;

import org.jruby.Ruby;
import org.jruby.RubyArray;
import org.jruby.RubyBignum;
import org.jruby.RubyClass;
import org.jruby.RubyEncoding;
import org.jruby.RubyFixnum;
import org.jruby.RubyFloat;
import org.jruby.RubyHash;
import org.jruby.RubyModule;
import org.jruby.RubyNumeric;
import org.jruby.RubyObject;
import org.jruby.RubyRegexp;
import org.jruby.RubyString;
import org.jruby.RubyStruct;
import org.jruby.RubySymbol;
import org.jruby.runtime.Helpers;
import org.jruby.runtime.Constants;
import org.jruby.runtime.builtin.IRubyObject;
import org.jruby.runtime.encoding.EncodingCapable;
import org.jruby.util.ByteList;
import org.jruby.util.RegexpOptions;

Unmarshals objects from strings or streams in Ruby's marshal format.
Author:
Anders/**
 * Unmarshals objects from strings or streams in Ruby's marshal format.
 *
 * @author Anders
 */
public class UnmarshalStream extends InputStream {
    protected final Ruby runtime;
    private final UnmarshalCache cache;
    private final IRubyObject proc;
    private final InputStream inputStream;
    private final boolean taint;

    public UnmarshalStream(Ruby runtime, InputStream in, IRubyObject proc, boolean taint) throws IOException {
        assert runtime != null;
        assert in != null;

        // Older native java ext expects proc can be null (spymemcached.jruby at least).
        if (proc == null) proc = runtime.getNil();
        
        this.runtime = runtime;
        this.cache = new UnmarshalCache(runtime);
        this.proc = proc;
        this.inputStream = in;
        this.taint = taint;

        int major = in.read(); // Major
        int minor = in.read(); // Minor

        if(major == -1 || minor == -1) {
            throw new EOFException("Unexpected end of stream");
        }

        if(major != Constants.MARSHAL_MAJOR || minor > Constants.MARSHAL_MINOR) {
            throw runtime.newTypeError(String.format("incompatible marshal file format (can't be read)\n\tformat version %d.%d required; %d.%d given", Constants.MARSHAL_MAJOR, Constants.MARSHAL_MINOR, major, minor));
        }
    }

    // r_object
    public IRubyObject unmarshalObject() throws IOException {
        return unmarshalObject(new MarshalState(false));
    }

    // r_object
    public IRubyObject unmarshalObject(boolean callProc) throws IOException {
        return unmarshalObject(new MarshalState(false), callProc);
    }

    // introduced for keeping ivar read state recursively.
    public static class MarshalState {
        private boolean ivarWaiting;

        MarshalState(boolean ivarWaiting) {
            this.ivarWaiting = ivarWaiting;
        }

        public boolean isIvarWaiting() {
            return ivarWaiting;
        }

        public void setIvarWaiting(boolean ivarWaiting) {
            this.ivarWaiting = ivarWaiting;
        }
    }

    // r_object0
    private IRubyObject unmarshalObject(MarshalState state) throws IOException {
        return unmarshalObject(state, true);
    }

    // r_object0
    private IRubyObject unmarshalObject(MarshalState state, boolean callProc) throws IOException {
        final int type = readUnsignedByte();
        final IRubyObject result;
        if (cache.isLinkType(type)) {
            result = cache.readLink(this, type);
            if (callProc) return doCallProcForLink(result, type);
        } else {
            result = unmarshalObjectDirectly(type, state, callProc);
        }

        if (!(
                result instanceof RubyNumeric ||
                result instanceof RubyEncoding
        )) {
            result.setTaint(taint);
        }

        return result;
    }

    public void registerLinkTarget(IRubyObject newObject) {
        if (MarshalStream.shouldBeRegistered(newObject)) {
            cache.register(newObject);
        }
    }

    public static RubyModule getModuleFromPath(Ruby runtime, String path) {
        final RubyModule value = runtime.getClassFromPath(path, runtime.getArgumentError(), false);
        if (value == null) throw runtime.newArgumentError("undefined class/module " + path);
        if ( ! value.isModule() ) throw runtime.newArgumentError(path + " does not refer module");
        return value;
    }

    public static RubyClass getClassFromPath(Ruby runtime, String path) {
        final RubyModule value = runtime.getClassFromPath(path, runtime.getArgumentError(), false);
        if (value == null) throw runtime.newArgumentError("undefined class/module " + path);
        if ( ! value.isClass() ) throw runtime.newArgumentError(path + " does not refer class");
        return (RubyClass) value;
    }

    private IRubyObject doCallProcForLink(IRubyObject result, int type) {
        if (!proc.isNil() && type != ';') {
            // return the result of the proc, but not for symbols
            return Helpers.invoke(getRuntime().getCurrentContext(), proc, "call", result);
        }
        return result;
    }

    private IRubyObject doCallProcForObj(IRubyObject result) {
        if (!proc.isNil()) {
            // return the result of the proc, but not for symbols
            return Helpers.invoke(getRuntime().getCurrentContext(), proc, "call", result);
        }
        return result;
    }

    private IRubyObject unmarshalObjectDirectly(int type, MarshalState state, boolean callProc) throws IOException {
        IRubyObject rubyObj;
        switch (type) {
            case 'I':
                MarshalState childState = new MarshalState(true);
                rubyObj = unmarshalObject(childState);
                if (childState.isIvarWaiting()) {
                    defaultVariablesUnmarshal(rubyObj);
                }
                return rubyObj;
            case '0' :
                rubyObj = runtime.getNil();
                break;
            case 'T' :
                rubyObj = runtime.getTrue();
                break;
            case 'F' :
                rubyObj = runtime.getFalse();
                break;
            case '"' :
                rubyObj = RubyString.unmarshalFrom(this);
                break;
            case 'i' :
                rubyObj = RubyFixnum.unmarshalFrom(this);
                break;
            case 'f' :
                rubyObj = RubyFloat.unmarshalFrom(this);
                break;
            case '/':
                rubyObj = unmarshalRegexp(state);
                break;
            case ':' :
                rubyObj = RubySymbol.unmarshalFrom(this, state);
                break;
            case '[' :
                rubyObj = RubyArray.unmarshalFrom(this);
                break;
            case '{' :
                rubyObj = RubyHash.unmarshalFrom(this, false);
                break;
            case '}' :
                // "hashdef" object, a hash with a default
                rubyObj = RubyHash.unmarshalFrom(this, true);
                break;
            case 'c' :
                rubyObj = RubyClass.unmarshalFrom(this);
                break;
            case 'm' :
                rubyObj = RubyModule.unmarshalFrom(this);
                break;
            case 'e':
                RubySymbol moduleName = (RubySymbol) unmarshalObject();
                final RubyModule tp = getModuleFromPath(runtime, moduleName.asJavaString());

                rubyObj = unmarshalObject();

                tp.extend_object(rubyObj);
                tp.callMethod(runtime.getCurrentContext(), "extended", rubyObj);
                break;
            case 'l' :
                rubyObj = RubyBignum.unmarshalFrom(this);
                break;
            case 'S' :
                rubyObj = RubyStruct.unmarshalFrom(this);
                break;
            case 'o' :
                rubyObj = defaultObjectUnmarshal();
                break;
            case 'u' :
                rubyObj = userUnmarshal(state);
                break;
            case 'U' :
                rubyObj = userNewUnmarshal();
                break;
            case 'C' :
                rubyObj = uclassUnmarshall();
                break;
            default :
                throw getRuntime().newArgumentError("dump format error(" + (char)type + ")");
        }

        if (callProc) {
            return doCallProcForObj(rubyObj);
        }

        return rubyObj;
    }

    private IRubyObject unmarshalRegexp(MarshalState state) throws IOException {
        ByteList byteList = unmarshalString();
        byte opts = readSignedByte();
        RegexpOptions reOpts = RegexpOptions.fromJoniOptions(opts);

        RubyRegexp regexp = (RubyRegexp) runtime.getRegexp().allocate();
        registerLinkTarget(regexp);

        IRubyObject ivarHolder = null;

        if (state.isIvarWaiting()) {
            RubyString tmpStr = RubyString.newString(runtime, byteList);
            defaultVariablesUnmarshal(tmpStr);
            byteList = tmpStr.getByteList();
            state.setIvarWaiting(false);
            ivarHolder = tmpStr;
        }
        if (byteList.getEncoding() == ASCIIEncoding.INSTANCE) {
            /* 1.8 compatibility; remove escapes undefined in 1.8 */
            byte[] ptrBytes = byteList.unsafeBytes();
            int ptr = byteList.begin();
            int dst = ptr;
            int src = ptr;
            int len = byteList.realSize();
            long bs = 0;
            for (; len-- > 0; ptrBytes[dst++] = ptrBytes[src++]) {
                switch (ptrBytes[src]) {
                    case '\\':
                        bs++;
                        break;
                    case 'g':
                    case 'h':
                    case 'i':
                    case 'j':
                    case 'k':
                    case 'l':
                    case 'm':
                    case 'o':
                    case 'p':
                    case 'q':
                    case 'u':
                    case 'y':
                    case 'E':
                    case 'F':
                    case 'H':
                    case 'I':
                    case 'J':
                    case 'K':
                    case 'L':
                    case 'N':
                    case 'O':
                    case 'P':
                    case 'Q':
                    case 'R':
                    case 'S':
                    case 'T':
                    case 'U':
                    case 'V':
                    case 'X':
                    case 'Y':
                        if ((bs & 1) != 0) --dst;
                    default:
                        bs = 0;
                        break;
                }
            }
            byteList.setRealSize(dst - ptr);
        }

        regexp.regexpInitialize(byteList, byteList.getEncoding(), reOpts);

        if (ivarHolder != null) {
            ivarHolder.getInstanceVariables().copyInstanceVariablesInto(regexp);
        }

        return regexp;
    }

    public Ruby getRuntime() {
        return runtime;
    }

    public int readUnsignedByte() throws IOException {
        int result = read();
        if (result == -1) {
            throw new EOFException("Unexpected end of stream");
        }
        return result;
    }

    public byte readSignedByte() throws IOException {
        int b = readUnsignedByte();
        if (b > 127) {
            return (byte) (b - 256);
        }
        return (byte) b;
    }

    public ByteList unmarshalString() throws IOException {
        int length = unmarshalInt();
        byte[] buffer = new byte[length];

        int readLength = 0;
        while (readLength < length) {
            int read = inputStream.read(buffer, readLength, length - readLength);

            if (read == -1) {
                throw getRuntime().newArgumentError("marshal data too short");
            }
            readLength += read;
        }

        return new ByteList(buffer,false);
    }

    public int unmarshalInt() throws IOException {
        int c = readSignedByte();
        if (c == 0) {
            return 0;
        } else if (4 < c && c < 128) {
            return c - 5;
        } else if (-129 < c && c < -4) {
            return c + 5;
        }
        long result;
        if (c > 0) {
            result = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < c; i++) {
                result |= (long) readUnsignedByte() << (8 * i);
            }
        } else {
            c = -c;
            result = -1;
            for (int i = 0; i < c; i++) {
                result &= ~((long) 0xff << (8 * i));
                result |= (long) readUnsignedByte() << (8 * i);
            }
        }
        return (int) result;
    }

    private IRubyObject defaultObjectUnmarshal() throws IOException {
        RubySymbol className = (RubySymbol) unmarshalObject(false);

        RubyClass type = getClassFromPath(runtime, className.idString());

        return (IRubyObject)type.unmarshal(this);
    }

    public void defaultVariablesUnmarshal(IRubyObject object) throws IOException {
        int count = unmarshalInt();

        RubyClass cls = object.getMetaClass().getRealClass();

        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {

            IRubyObject key = unmarshalObject(false);

            if (object instanceof EncodingCapable) {

                EncodingCapable strObj = (EncodingCapable)object;

                Encoding enc = getEncodingFromUnmarshaled(key);

                if (enc != null) {
                    // got encoding, set it and forget it
                    strObj.setEncoding(enc);
                    continue;
                }
            }

            String name = key.asJavaString();
            IRubyObject value = unmarshalObject();

            cls.getVariableAccessorForWrite(name).set(object, value);
        }
    }

    public Encoding getEncodingFromUnmarshaled(IRubyObject key) throws IOException {
        Encoding enc = null;

        if (key.asJavaString().equals(MarshalStream.SYMBOL_ENCODING_SPECIAL)) {

            // special case for USASCII and UTF8
            if (unmarshalObject().isTrue()) {
                enc = UTF8Encoding.INSTANCE;
            } else {
                enc = USASCIIEncoding.INSTANCE;
            }

        } else if (key.asJavaString().equals("encoding")) {

            IRubyObject encodingNameObj = unmarshalObject(false);
            String encodingNameStr = encodingNameObj.asJavaString();
            ByteList encodingName = new ByteList(ByteList.plain(encodingNameStr));

            Entry entry = runtime.getEncodingService().findEncodingOrAliasEntry(encodingName);
            if (entry == null) {
                throw runtime.newArgumentError("invalid encoding in marshaling stream: " + encodingName);
            }
            enc = entry.getEncoding();
        }

        return enc;
    }

    private IRubyObject uclassUnmarshall() throws IOException {
        RubySymbol className = (RubySymbol)unmarshalObject(false);

        RubyClass type = getClassFromPath(runtime, className.asJavaString());

        // singleton, raise error
        if (type.isSingleton()) throw runtime.newTypeError("singleton can't be loaded");

        // All "C" marshalled objects descend from core classes, which are all at least RubyObject
        RubyObject result = (RubyObject)unmarshalObject();

        // if result is a module or type doesn't extend result's class...
        if (result.getMetaClass() == runtime.getModule() || !type.isKindOfModule(result.getMetaClass())) {
            // if allocators do not match, error
            // Note: MRI is a bit different here, and tests TYPE(type.allocate()) != TYPE(result)
            if (type.getAllocator() != result.getMetaClass().getRealClass().getAllocator()) {
                throw runtime.newArgumentError("dump format error (user class)");
            }
        }

        result.setMetaClass(type);

        return result;
    }

    private IRubyObject userUnmarshal(MarshalState state) throws IOException {
        String className = unmarshalObject(false).asJavaString();
        ByteList marshaled = unmarshalString();
        RubyClass classInstance = findClass(className);
        RubyString data = RubyString.newString(runtime, marshaled);
        IRubyObject unmarshaled;

        // Special case Encoding so they are singletons
        // See https://bugs.ruby-lang.org/issues/11760
        if (classInstance == runtime.getEncoding()) {
            unmarshaled = RubyEncoding.find(runtime.getCurrentContext(), classInstance, data);
        } else {
            if (state.isIvarWaiting()) {
                defaultVariablesUnmarshal(data);
                state.setIvarWaiting(false);
            }
            unmarshaled = classInstance.smartLoadOldUser(data);
        }

        registerLinkTarget(unmarshaled);

        return unmarshaled;
    }

    private IRubyObject userNewUnmarshal() throws IOException {
        String className = unmarshalObject(false).asJavaString();
        RubyClass classInstance = findClass(className);
        IRubyObject result = classInstance.allocate();
        registerLinkTarget(result);
        IRubyObject marshaled = unmarshalObject();
        return classInstance.smartLoadNewUser(result, marshaled);
    }

    private RubyClass findClass(String className) {
        return getClassFromPath(runtime, className);
    }

    public int read() throws IOException {
        return inputStream.read();
    }

    @Deprecated
    public UnmarshalStream(Ruby runtime, InputStream in, IRubyObject proc, boolean taint, boolean untrust) throws IOException {
        this(runtime, in, proc, taint);
    }
}