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package javax.security.cert;

import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.Class;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.security.Security;

import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.Principal;
import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
import java.security.PublicKey;
import java.util.BitSet;
import java.util.Date;


Abstract class for X.509 v1 certificates. This provides a standard
way to access all the version 1 attributes of an X.509 certificate.
Attributes that are specific to X.509 v2 or v3 are not available
through this interface. Future API evolution will provide full access to
complete X.509 v3 attributes.


The basic X.509 format was defined by
ISO/IEC and ANSI X9 and is described below in ASN.1:

Certificate  ::=  SEQUENCE  {
    tbsCertificate       TBSCertificate,
    signatureAlgorithm   AlgorithmIdentifier,
    signature            BIT STRING  }




These certificates are widely used to support authentication and
other functionality in Internet security systems. Common applications
include Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM), Transport Layer Security (SSL),
code signing for trusted software distribution, and Secure Electronic
Transactions (SET).


These certificates are managed and vouched for by Certificate
Authorities (CAs). CAs are services which create certificates by
placing data in the X.509 standard format and then digitally signing
that data. CAs act as trusted third parties, making introductions
between principals who have no direct knowledge of each other.
CA certificates are either signed by themselves, or by some other
CA such as a "root" CA.

 The ASN.1 definition of tbsCertificate is: 
TBSCertificate  ::=  SEQUENCE  {
    version         [0]  EXPLICIT Version DEFAULT v1,
    serialNumber         CertificateSerialNumber,
    signature            AlgorithmIdentifier,
    issuer               Name,
    validity             Validity,
    subject              Name,
    subjectPublicKeyInfo SubjectPublicKeyInfo,
    }




Here is sample code to instantiate an X.509 certificate:

InputStream inStream = new FileInputStream("fileName-of-cert");
X509Certificate cert = X509Certificate.getInstance(inStream);
inStream.close();


OR

byte[] certData = <certificate read from a file, say>
X509Certificate cert = X509Certificate.getInstance(certData);



 In either case, the code that instantiates an X.509 certificate consults the value of the cert.provider.x509v1 security property to locate the actual implementation or instantiates a default implementation. 
 The cert.provider.x509v1 property is set to a default implementation for X.509 such as: 
cert.provider.x509v1=com.sun.security.cert.internal.x509.X509V1CertImpl



 The value of this cert.provider.x509v1 property has to be changed to instantiate another implementation. If this security property is not set, a default implementation will be used. Currently, due to possible security restrictions on access to Security properties, this value is looked up and cached at class initialization time and will fallback on a default implementation if the Security property is not accessible. 
Note: The classes in the package javax.security.cert exist for compatibility with earlier versions of the Java Secure Sockets Extension (JSSE). New applications should instead use the standard Java SE certificate classes located in java.security.cert.


Author:Hemma Prafullchandra
See Also:
Since:1.4
Deprecated:Use the classes in java.security.cert instead.
/**
 * Abstract class for X.509 v1 certificates. This provides a standard
 * way to access all the version 1 attributes of an X.509 certificate.
 * Attributes that are specific to X.509 v2 or v3 are not available
 * through this interface. Future API evolution will provide full access to
 * complete X.509 v3 attributes.
 * <p>
 * The basic X.509 format was defined by
 * ISO/IEC and ANSI X9 and is described below in ASN.1:
 * <pre>
 * Certificate  ::=  SEQUENCE  {
 *     tbsCertificate       TBSCertificate,
 *     signatureAlgorithm   AlgorithmIdentifier,
 *     signature            BIT STRING  }
 * </pre>
 * <p>
 * These certificates are widely used to support authentication and
 * other functionality in Internet security systems. Common applications
 * include Privacy Enhanced Mail (PEM), Transport Layer Security (SSL),
 * code signing for trusted software distribution, and Secure Electronic
 * Transactions (SET).
 * <p>
 * These certificates are managed and vouched for by <em>Certificate
 * Authorities</em> (CAs). CAs are services which create certificates by
 * placing data in the X.509 standard format and then digitally signing
 * that data. CAs act as trusted third parties, making introductions
 * between principals who have no direct knowledge of each other.
 * CA certificates are either signed by themselves, or by some other
 * CA such as a "root" CA.
 * <p>
 * The ASN.1 definition of {@code tbsCertificate} is:
 * <pre>
 * TBSCertificate  ::=  SEQUENCE  {
 *     version         [0]  EXPLICIT Version DEFAULT v1,
 *     serialNumber         CertificateSerialNumber,
 *     signature            AlgorithmIdentifier,
 *     issuer               Name,
 *     validity             Validity,
 *     subject              Name,
 *     subjectPublicKeyInfo SubjectPublicKeyInfo,
 *     }
 * </pre>
 * <p>
 * Here is sample code to instantiate an X.509 certificate:
 * <pre>
 * InputStream inStream = new FileInputStream("fileName-of-cert");
 * X509Certificate cert = X509Certificate.getInstance(inStream);
 * inStream.close();
 * </pre>
 * OR
 * <pre>
 * byte[] certData = &lt;certificate read from a file, say&gt;
 * X509Certificate cert = X509Certificate.getInstance(certData);
 * </pre>
 * <p>
 * In either case, the code that instantiates an X.509 certificate
 * consults the value of the {@code cert.provider.x509v1} security property
 * to locate the actual implementation or instantiates a default implementation.
 * <p>
 * The {@code cert.provider.x509v1} property is set to a default
 * implementation for X.509 such as:
 * <pre>
 * cert.provider.x509v1=com.sun.security.cert.internal.x509.X509V1CertImpl
 * </pre>
 * <p>
 * The value of this {@code cert.provider.x509v1} property has to be
 * changed to instantiate another implementation. If this security
 * property is not set, a default implementation will be used.
 * Currently, due to possible security restrictions on access to
 * Security properties, this value is looked up and cached at class
 * initialization time and will fallback on a default implementation if
 * the Security property is not accessible.
 *
 * <p><em>Note: The classes in the package {@code javax.security.cert}
 * exist for compatibility with earlier versions of the
 * Java Secure Sockets Extension (JSSE). New applications should instead
 * use the standard Java SE certificate classes located in
 * {@code java.security.cert}.</em></p>
 *
 * @author Hemma Prafullchandra
 * @since 1.4
 * @see Certificate
 * @see java.security.cert.X509Extension
 * @see java.security.Security security properties
 * @deprecated Use the classes in {@code java.security.cert} instead.
 */
@Deprecated(since="9")
public abstract class X509Certificate extends Certificate {

    /*
     * Constant to lookup in the Security properties file.
     * In the Security properties file the default implementation
     * for X.509 v3 is given as:
     * <pre>
     * cert.provider.x509v1=com.sun.security.cert.internal.x509.X509V1CertImpl
     * </pre>
     */
    private static final String X509_PROVIDER = "cert.provider.x509v1";
    private static String X509Provider;

    static {
        X509Provider = AccessController.doPrivileged(
            new PrivilegedAction<>() {
                public String run() {
                    return Security.getProperty(X509_PROVIDER);
                }
            }
        );
    }

    
Instantiates an X509Certificate object, and initializes it with the data read from the input stream inStream. The implementation (X509Certificate is an abstract class) is provided by the class specified as the value of the cert.provider.x509v1 security property. 
Note: Only one DER-encoded
certificate is expected to be in the input stream.
Also, all X509Certificate
subclasses must provide a constructor of the form:


public <subClass>(InputStream inStream) ...



Params:
  • inStream – an input stream with the data to be read to
       initialize the certificate.
Throws:
Returns:an X509Certificate object initialized with the data
        from the input stream.
/**
     * Instantiates an X509Certificate object, and initializes it with
     * the data read from the input stream {@code inStream}.
     * The implementation (X509Certificate is an abstract class) is
     * provided by the class specified as the value of the
     * {@code cert.provider.x509v1} security property.
     *
     * <p>Note: Only one DER-encoded
     * certificate is expected to be in the input stream.
     * Also, all X509Certificate
     * subclasses must provide a constructor of the form:
     * <pre>{@code
     * public <subClass>(InputStream inStream) ...
     * }</pre>
     *
     * @param inStream an input stream with the data to be read to
     *        initialize the certificate.
     * @return an X509Certificate object initialized with the data
     *         from the input stream.
     * @exception CertificateException if a class initialization
     *            or certificate parsing error occurs.
     */
    public static final X509Certificate getInstance(InputStream inStream)
    throws CertificateException {
        return getInst((Object)inStream);
    }

    
Instantiates an X509Certificate object, and initializes it with the specified byte array. The implementation (X509Certificate is an abstract class) is provided by the class specified as the value of the cert.provider.x509v1 security property. 
Note: All X509Certificate
subclasses must provide a constructor of the form:


public <subClass>(InputStream inStream) ...



Params:
  • certData – a byte array containing the DER-encoded
       certificate.
Throws:
Returns:an X509Certificate object initialized with the data from certData.
/**
     * Instantiates an X509Certificate object, and initializes it with
     * the specified byte array.
     * The implementation (X509Certificate is an abstract class) is
     * provided by the class specified as the value of the
     * {@code cert.provider.x509v1} security property.
     *
     * <p>Note: All X509Certificate
     * subclasses must provide a constructor of the form:
     * <pre>{@code
     * public <subClass>(InputStream inStream) ...
     * }</pre>
     *
     * @param certData a byte array containing the DER-encoded
     *        certificate.
     * @return an X509Certificate object initialized with the data
     *         from {@code certData}.
     * @exception CertificateException if a class initialization
     *            or certificate parsing error occurs.
     */
    public static final X509Certificate getInstance(byte[] certData)
    throws CertificateException {
        return getInst((Object)certData);
    }

    private static final X509Certificate getInst(Object value)
    throws CertificateException {
        /*
         * This turns out not to work for now. To run under JDK1.2 we would
         * need to call beginPrivileged() but we can't do that and run
         * under JDK1.1.
         */
        String className = X509Provider;
        if (className == null || className.isEmpty()) {
            // shouldn't happen, but assume corrupted properties file
            // provide access to sun implementation
            className = "com.sun.security.cert.internal.x509.X509V1CertImpl";
        }
        try {
            Class<?>[] params = null;
            if (value instanceof InputStream) {
                params = new Class<?>[] { InputStream.class };
            } else if (value instanceof byte[]) {
                params = new Class<?>[] { value.getClass() };
            } else
                throw new CertificateException("Unsupported argument type");
            Class<?> certClass = Class.forName(className);

            // get the appropriate constructor and instantiate it
            Constructor<?> cons = certClass.getConstructor(params);

            // get a new instance
            Object obj = cons.newInstance(new Object[] {value});
            return (X509Certificate)obj;

        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
          throw new CertificateException("Could not find class: " + e);
        } catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
          throw new CertificateException("Could not access class: " + e);
        } catch (InstantiationException e) {
          throw new CertificateException("Problems instantiating: " + e);
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
          throw new CertificateException("InvocationTargetException: "
                                         + e.getTargetException());
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {
          throw new CertificateException("Could not find class method: "
                                          + e.getMessage());
        }
    }

    
Checks that the certificate is currently valid. It is if
the current date and time are within the validity period given in the
certificate.


The validity period consists of two date/time values:
the first and last dates (and times) on which the certificate
is valid. It is defined in
ASN.1 as:

validity             Validity
Validity ::= SEQUENCE {
    notBefore      CertificateValidityDate,
    notAfter       CertificateValidityDate }
CertificateValidityDate ::= CHOICE {
    utcTime        UTCTime,
    generalTime    GeneralizedTime }



Throws:
/**
     * Checks that the certificate is currently valid. It is if
     * the current date and time are within the validity period given in the
     * certificate.
     * <p>
     * The validity period consists of two date/time values:
     * the first and last dates (and times) on which the certificate
     * is valid. It is defined in
     * ASN.1 as:
     * <pre>
     * validity             Validity
     *
     * Validity ::= SEQUENCE {
     *     notBefore      CertificateValidityDate,
     *     notAfter       CertificateValidityDate }
     *
     * CertificateValidityDate ::= CHOICE {
     *     utcTime        UTCTime,
     *     generalTime    GeneralizedTime }
     * </pre>
     *
     * @exception CertificateExpiredException if the certificate has expired.
     * @exception CertificateNotYetValidException if the certificate is not
     *            yet valid.
     */
    public abstract void checkValidity()
        throws CertificateExpiredException, CertificateNotYetValidException;

    
Checks that the specified date is within the certificate's
validity period. In other words, this determines whether the
certificate would be valid at the specified date/time.

Params:
  • date – the Date to check against to see if this certificate
       is valid at that date/time.
Throws:
See Also:
/**
     * Checks that the specified date is within the certificate's
     * validity period. In other words, this determines whether the
     * certificate would be valid at the specified date/time.
     *
     * @param date the Date to check against to see if this certificate
     *        is valid at that date/time.
     * @exception CertificateExpiredException if the certificate has expired
     *            with respect to the {@code date} supplied.
     * @exception CertificateNotYetValidException if the certificate is not
     *            yet valid with respect to the {@code date} supplied.
     * @see #checkValidity()
     */
    public abstract void checkValidity(Date date)
        throws CertificateExpiredException, CertificateNotYetValidException;

    
Gets the version (version number) value from the certificate. The ASN.1 definition for this is: 
version         [0]  EXPLICIT Version DEFAULT v1
Version  ::=  INTEGER  {  v1(0), v2(1), v3(2)  }



Returns:the version number from the ASN.1 encoding, i.e. 0, 1 or 2.
/**
     * Gets the {@code version} (version number) value from the
     * certificate. The ASN.1 definition for this is:
     * <pre>
     * version         [0]  EXPLICIT Version DEFAULT v1
     *
     * Version  ::=  INTEGER  {  v1(0), v2(1), v3(2)  }
     * </pre>
     *
     * @return the version number from the ASN.1 encoding, i.e. 0, 1 or 2.
     */
    public abstract int getVersion();

    
Gets the serialNumber value from the certificate. The serial number is an integer assigned by the certification authority to each certificate. It must be unique for each certificate issued by a given CA (i.e., the issuer name and serial number identify a unique certificate). The ASN.1 definition for this is: 
serialNumber     CertificateSerialNumber
CertificateSerialNumber  ::=  INTEGER



Returns:the serial number.
/**
     * Gets the {@code serialNumber} value from the certificate.
     * The serial number is an integer assigned by the certification
     * authority to each certificate. It must be unique for each
     * certificate issued by a given CA (i.e., the issuer name and
     * serial number identify a unique certificate).
     * The ASN.1 definition for this is:
     * <pre>
     * serialNumber     CertificateSerialNumber
     *
     * CertificateSerialNumber  ::=  INTEGER
     * </pre>
     *
     * @return the serial number.
     */
    public abstract BigInteger getSerialNumber();

    
Gets the issuer (issuer distinguished name) value from the certificate. The issuer name identifies the entity that signed (and issued) the certificate. 
The issuer name field contains an
X.500 distinguished name (DN).
The ASN.1 definition for this is:

issuer    Name
Name ::= CHOICE { RDNSequence }
RDNSequence ::= SEQUENCE OF RelativeDistinguishedName
RelativeDistinguishedName ::=
    SET OF AttributeValueAssertion
AttributeValueAssertion ::= SEQUENCE {
                              AttributeType,
                              AttributeValue }
AttributeType ::= OBJECT IDENTIFIER
AttributeValue ::= ANY

 The Name describes a hierarchical name composed of attributes, such as country name, and corresponding values, such as US. The type of the AttributeValue component is determined by the AttributeType; in general it will be a directoryString. A directoryString is usually one of PrintableString, TeletexString or UniversalString. 
Returns:a Principal whose name is the issuer distinguished name.
/**
     * Gets the {@code issuer} (issuer distinguished name) value from
     * the certificate. The issuer name identifies the entity that signed (and
     * issued) the certificate.
     *
     * <p>The issuer name field contains an
     * X.500 distinguished name (DN).
     * The ASN.1 definition for this is:
     * <pre>
     * issuer    Name
     *
     * Name ::= CHOICE { RDNSequence }
     * RDNSequence ::= SEQUENCE OF RelativeDistinguishedName
     * RelativeDistinguishedName ::=
     *     SET OF AttributeValueAssertion
     *
     * AttributeValueAssertion ::= SEQUENCE {
     *                               AttributeType,
     *                               AttributeValue }
     * AttributeType ::= OBJECT IDENTIFIER
     * AttributeValue ::= ANY
     * </pre>
     * The {@code Name} describes a hierarchical name composed of
     * attributes, such as country name, and corresponding values, such as US.
     * The type of the {@code AttributeValue} component is determined by
     * the {@code AttributeType}; in general it will be a
     * {@code directoryString}. A {@code directoryString} is usually
     * one of {@code PrintableString},
     * {@code TeletexString} or {@code UniversalString}.
     *
     * @return a Principal whose name is the issuer distinguished name.
     */
    public abstract Principal getIssuerDN();

    
Gets the subject (subject distinguished name) value from the certificate. The ASN.1 definition for this is: 
subject    Name



See getIssuerDN for Name and other relevant definitions. 
See Also:
Returns:a Principal whose name is the subject name.
/**
     * Gets the {@code subject} (subject distinguished name) value
     * from the certificate.
     * The ASN.1 definition for this is:
     * <pre>
     * subject    Name
     * </pre>
     *
     * <p>See {@link #getIssuerDN() getIssuerDN} for {@code Name}
     * and other relevant definitions.
     *
     * @return a Principal whose name is the subject name.
     * @see #getIssuerDN()
     */
    public abstract Principal getSubjectDN();

    
Gets the notBefore date from the validity period of the certificate. The relevant ASN.1 definitions are: 
validity             Validity
Validity ::= SEQUENCE {
    notBefore      CertificateValidityDate,
    notAfter       CertificateValidityDate }
CertificateValidityDate ::= CHOICE {
    utcTime        UTCTime,
    generalTime    GeneralizedTime }



See Also:
Returns:the start date of the validity period.
/**
     * Gets the {@code notBefore} date from the validity period of
     * the certificate.
     * The relevant ASN.1 definitions are:
     * <pre>
     * validity             Validity
     *
     * Validity ::= SEQUENCE {
     *     notBefore      CertificateValidityDate,
     *     notAfter       CertificateValidityDate }
     *
     * CertificateValidityDate ::= CHOICE {
     *     utcTime        UTCTime,
     *     generalTime    GeneralizedTime }
     * </pre>
     *
     * @return the start date of the validity period.
     * @see #checkValidity()
     */
    public abstract Date getNotBefore();

    
Gets the notAfter date from the validity period of the certificate. See getNotBefore for relevant ASN.1 definitions. 
See Also:
Returns:the end date of the validity period.
/**
     * Gets the {@code notAfter} date from the validity period of
     * the certificate. See {@link #getNotBefore() getNotBefore}
     * for relevant ASN.1 definitions.
     *
     * @return the end date of the validity period.
     * @see #checkValidity()
     */
    public abstract Date getNotAfter();

    
Gets the signature algorithm name for the certificate
signature algorithm. An example is the string "SHA-1/DSA".
The ASN.1 definition for this is:

signatureAlgorithm   AlgorithmIdentifier
AlgorithmIdentifier  ::=  SEQUENCE  {
    algorithm               OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
    parameters              ANY DEFINED BY algorithm OPTIONAL  }
                            -- contains a value of the type
                            -- registered for use with the
                            -- algorithm object identifier value



The algorithm name is determined from the algorithm OID string. 
Returns:the signature algorithm name.
/**
     * Gets the signature algorithm name for the certificate
     * signature algorithm. An example is the string "SHA-1/DSA".
     * The ASN.1 definition for this is:
     * <pre>
     * signatureAlgorithm   AlgorithmIdentifier
     *
     * AlgorithmIdentifier  ::=  SEQUENCE  {
     *     algorithm               OBJECT IDENTIFIER,
     *     parameters              ANY DEFINED BY algorithm OPTIONAL  }
     *                             -- contains a value of the type
     *                             -- registered for use with the
     *                             -- algorithm object identifier value
     * </pre>
     *
     * <p>The algorithm name is determined from the {@code algorithm}
     * OID string.
     *
     * @return the signature algorithm name.
     */
    public abstract String getSigAlgName();

    
Gets the signature algorithm OID string from the certificate.
An OID is represented by a set of positive whole numbers separated
by periods.
For example, the string "1.2.840.10040.4.3" identifies the SHA-1
with DSA signature algorithm, as per the PKIX part I.

See getSigAlgName for relevant ASN.1 definitions. 
Returns:the signature algorithm OID string.
/**
     * Gets the signature algorithm OID string from the certificate.
     * An OID is represented by a set of positive whole numbers separated
     * by periods.
     * For example, the string "1.2.840.10040.4.3" identifies the SHA-1
     * with DSA signature algorithm, as per the PKIX part I.
     *
     * <p>See {@link #getSigAlgName() getSigAlgName} for
     * relevant ASN.1 definitions.
     *
     * @return the signature algorithm OID string.
     */
    public abstract String getSigAlgOID();

    
Gets the DER-encoded signature algorithm parameters from this
certificate's signature algorithm. In most cases, the signature
algorithm parameters are null; the parameters are usually
supplied with the certificate's public key.

See getSigAlgName for relevant ASN.1 definitions. 
Returns:the DER-encoded signature algorithm parameters, or
        null if no parameters are present.
/**
     * Gets the DER-encoded signature algorithm parameters from this
     * certificate's signature algorithm. In most cases, the signature
     * algorithm parameters are null; the parameters are usually
     * supplied with the certificate's public key.
     *
     * <p>See {@link #getSigAlgName() getSigAlgName} for
     * relevant ASN.1 definitions.
     *
     * @return the DER-encoded signature algorithm parameters, or
     *         null if no parameters are present.
     */
    public abstract byte[] getSigAlgParams();
}