/*
 * Copyright (c) 1999, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 * questions.
 */

package com.sun.tools.javac.parser;

import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.Collectors;

import com.sun.source.tree.MemberReferenceTree.ReferenceMode;
import com.sun.source.tree.ModuleTree.ModuleKind;

import com.sun.tools.javac.code.*;
import com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.*;
import com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.Comment.CommentStyle;
import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties;
import com.sun.tools.javac.resources.CompilerProperties.Errors;
import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.*;
import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.*;
import com.sun.tools.javac.util.*;
import com.sun.tools.javac.util.JCDiagnostic.DiagnosticFlag;
import com.sun.tools.javac.util.JCDiagnostic.DiagnosticPosition;
import com.sun.tools.javac.util.List;

import static com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.TokenKind.*;
import static com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.TokenKind.ASSERT;
import static com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.TokenKind.CASE;
import static com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.TokenKind.CATCH;
import static com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.TokenKind.EQ;
import static com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.TokenKind.GT;
import static com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.TokenKind.IMPORT;
import static com.sun.tools.javac.parser.Tokens.TokenKind.LT;
import static com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.Tag.*;

The parser maps a token sequence into an abstract syntax
 tree. It operates by recursive descent, with code derived
 systematically from an LL(1) grammar. For efficiency reasons, an
 operator precedence scheme is used for parsing binary operation
 expressions.
 
This is NOT part of any supported API.
 If you write code that depends on this, you do so at your own risk.
 This code and its internal interfaces are subject to change or
 deletion without notice.
/** The parser maps a token sequence into an abstract syntax
 *  tree. It operates by recursive descent, with code derived
 *  systematically from an LL(1) grammar. For efficiency reasons, an
 *  operator precedence scheme is used for parsing binary operation
 *  expressions.
 *
 *  <p><b>This is NOT part of any supported API.
 *  If you write code that depends on this, you do so at your own risk.
 *  This code and its internal interfaces are subject to change or
 *  deletion without notice.</b>
 */
public class JavacParser implements Parser {

    
The number of precedence levels of infix operators.
/** The number of precedence levels of infix operators.
     */
    private static final int infixPrecedenceLevels = 10;

    
Is the parser instantiated to parse a module-info file ?
/** Is the parser instantiated to parse a module-info file ?
     */
    private final boolean parseModuleInfo;

    
The scanner used for lexical analysis.
/** The scanner used for lexical analysis.
     */
    protected Lexer S;

    
The factory to be used for abstract syntax tree construction.
/** The factory to be used for abstract syntax tree construction.
     */
    protected TreeMaker F;

    
The log to be used for error diagnostics.
/** The log to be used for error diagnostics.
     */
    private Log log;

    
The Source language setting. /** The Source language setting. */
    private Source source;

    
The name table. /** The name table. */
    private Names names;

    
End position mappings container /** End position mappings container */
    protected final AbstractEndPosTable endPosTable;

    // Because of javac's limited lookahead, some contexts are ambiguous in
    // the presence of type annotations even though they are not ambiguous
    // in the absence of type annotations.  Consider this code:
    //   void m(String [] m) { }
    //   void m(String ... m) { }
    // After parsing "String", javac calls bracketsOpt which immediately
    // returns if the next character is not '['.  Similarly, javac can see
    // if the next token is ... and in that case parse an ellipsis.  But in
    // the presence of type annotations:
    //   void m(String @A [] m) { }
    //   void m(String @A ... m) { }
    // no finite lookahead is enough to determine whether to read array
    // levels or an ellipsis.  Furthermore, if you call bracketsOpt, then
    // bracketsOpt first reads all the leading annotations and only then
    // discovers that it needs to fail.  bracketsOpt needs a way to push
    // back the extra annotations that it read.  (But, bracketsOpt should
    // not *always* be allowed to push back extra annotations that it finds
    // -- in most contexts, any such extra annotation is an error.
    //
    // The following two variables permit type annotations that have
    // already been read to be stored for later use.  Alternate
    // implementations are possible but would cause much larger changes to
    // the parser.

    
Type annotations that have already been read but have not yet been used. /** Type annotations that have already been read but have not yet been used. **/
    private List<JCAnnotation> typeAnnotationsPushedBack = List.nil();

    
If the parser notices extra annotations, then it either immediately
issues an error (if this variable is false) or places the extra
annotations in variable typeAnnotationsPushedBack (if this variable
is true).
/**
     * If the parser notices extra annotations, then it either immediately
     * issues an error (if this variable is false) or places the extra
     * annotations in variable typeAnnotationsPushedBack (if this variable
     * is true).
     */
    private boolean permitTypeAnnotationsPushBack = false;

    interface ErrorRecoveryAction {
        JCTree doRecover(JavacParser parser);
    }

    enum BasicErrorRecoveryAction implements ErrorRecoveryAction {
        BLOCK_STMT {public JCTree doRecover(JavacParser parser) { return parser.parseStatementAsBlock(); }},
        CATCH_CLAUSE {public JCTree doRecover(JavacParser parser) { return parser.catchClause(); }}
    }

    
Construct a parser from a given scanner, tree factory and log.
/** Construct a parser from a given scanner, tree factory and log.
     */
    protected JavacParser(ParserFactory fac,
                          Lexer S,
                          boolean keepDocComments,
                          boolean keepLineMap,
                          boolean keepEndPositions) {
        this(fac, S, keepDocComments, keepLineMap, keepEndPositions, false);

    }
    
Construct a parser from a given scanner, tree factory and log.
/** Construct a parser from a given scanner, tree factory and log.
     */
    protected JavacParser(ParserFactory fac,
                     Lexer S,
                     boolean keepDocComments,
                     boolean keepLineMap,
                     boolean keepEndPositions,
                     boolean parseModuleInfo) {
        this.S = S;
        nextToken(); // prime the pump
        this.F = fac.F;
        this.log = fac.log;
        this.names = fac.names;
        this.source = fac.source;
        this.allowTWR = source.allowTryWithResources();
        this.allowEffectivelyFinalVariablesInTWR =
                source.allowEffectivelyFinalVariablesInTryWithResources();
        this.allowDiamond = source.allowDiamond();
        this.allowMulticatch = source.allowMulticatch();
        this.allowStringFolding = fac.options.getBoolean("allowStringFolding", true);
        this.allowLambda = source.allowLambda();
        this.allowMethodReferences = source.allowMethodReferences();
        this.allowDefaultMethods = source.allowDefaultMethods();
        this.allowStaticInterfaceMethods = source.allowStaticInterfaceMethods();
        this.allowIntersectionTypesInCast = source.allowIntersectionTypesInCast();
        this.allowTypeAnnotations = source.allowTypeAnnotations();
        this.allowModules = source.allowModules();
        this.allowAnnotationsAfterTypeParams = source.allowAnnotationsAfterTypeParams();
        this.allowUnderscoreIdentifier = source.allowUnderscoreIdentifier();
        this.allowPrivateInterfaceMethods = source.allowPrivateInterfaceMethods();
        this.keepDocComments = keepDocComments;
        this.parseModuleInfo = parseModuleInfo;
        docComments = newDocCommentTable(keepDocComments, fac);
        this.keepLineMap = keepLineMap;
        this.errorTree = F.Erroneous();
        endPosTable = newEndPosTable(keepEndPositions);
    }

    protected AbstractEndPosTable newEndPosTable(boolean keepEndPositions) {
        return  keepEndPositions
                ? new SimpleEndPosTable(this)
                : new EmptyEndPosTable(this);
    }

    protected DocCommentTable newDocCommentTable(boolean keepDocComments, ParserFactory fac) {
        return keepDocComments ? new LazyDocCommentTable(fac) : null;
    }

    
Switch: Should diamond operator be recognized?
/** Switch: Should diamond operator be recognized?
     */
    boolean allowDiamond;

    
Switch: Should multicatch clause be accepted?
/** Switch: Should multicatch clause be accepted?
     */
    boolean allowMulticatch;

    
Switch: should we recognize try-with-resources?
/** Switch: should we recognize try-with-resources?
     */
    boolean allowTWR;

    
Switch: should we allow (effectively) final variables as resources in try-with-resources?
/** Switch: should we allow (effectively) final variables as resources in try-with-resources?
     */
    boolean allowEffectivelyFinalVariablesInTWR;

    
Switch: should we fold strings?
/** Switch: should we fold strings?
     */
    boolean allowStringFolding;

    
Switch: should we recognize lambda expressions?
/** Switch: should we recognize lambda expressions?
     */
    boolean allowLambda;

    
Switch: should we allow method/constructor references?
/** Switch: should we allow method/constructor references?
     */
    boolean allowMethodReferences;

    
Switch: should we recognize modules?
/** Switch: should we recognize modules?
     */
    boolean allowModules;

    
Switch: should we allow default methods in interfaces?
/** Switch: should we allow default methods in interfaces?
     */
    boolean allowDefaultMethods;

    
Switch: should we allow static methods in interfaces?
/** Switch: should we allow static methods in interfaces?
     */
    boolean allowStaticInterfaceMethods;

    
Switch: should we allow private (instance) methods in interfaces?
/** Switch: should we allow private (instance) methods in interfaces?
     */
    boolean allowPrivateInterfaceMethods;

    
Switch: should we allow intersection types in cast?
/** Switch: should we allow intersection types in cast?
     */
    boolean allowIntersectionTypesInCast;

    
Switch: should we keep docComments?
/** Switch: should we keep docComments?
     */
    boolean keepDocComments;

    
Switch: should we keep line table?
/** Switch: should we keep line table?
     */
    boolean keepLineMap;

    
Switch: should we recognize type annotations?
/** Switch: should we recognize type annotations?
     */
    boolean allowTypeAnnotations;

    
Switch: should we allow annotations after the method type parameters?
/** Switch: should we allow annotations after the method type parameters?
     */
    boolean allowAnnotationsAfterTypeParams;

    
Switch: should we allow '_' as an identifier?
/** Switch: should we allow '_' as an identifier?
     */
    boolean allowUnderscoreIdentifier;

    
Switch: is "this" allowed as an identifier?
This is needed to parse receiver types.
/** Switch: is "this" allowed as an identifier?
     * This is needed to parse receiver types.
     */
    boolean allowThisIdent;

    
The type of the method receiver, as specified by a first "this" parameter.
/** The type of the method receiver, as specified by a first "this" parameter.
     */
    JCVariableDecl receiverParam;


    
When terms are parsed, the mode determines which is expected:
    mode = EXPR        : an expression
    mode = TYPE        : a type
    mode = NOPARAMS    : no parameters allowed for type
    mode = TYPEARG     : type argument
/** When terms are parsed, the mode determines which is expected:
     *     mode = EXPR        : an expression
     *     mode = TYPE        : a type
     *     mode = NOPARAMS    : no parameters allowed for type
     *     mode = TYPEARG     : type argument
     */
    protected static final int EXPR = 0x1;
    protected static final int TYPE = 0x2;
    protected static final int NOPARAMS = 0x4;
    protected static final int TYPEARG = 0x8;
    protected static final int DIAMOND = 0x10;

    
The current mode.
/** The current mode.
     */
    protected int mode = 0;

    
The mode of the term that was parsed last.
/** The mode of the term that was parsed last.
     */
    protected int lastmode = 0;

    /* ---------- token management -------------- */

    protected Token token;

    public Token token() {
        return token;
    }

    public void nextToken() {
        S.nextToken();
        token = S.token();
    }

    protected boolean peekToken(Filter<TokenKind> tk) {
        return peekToken(0, tk);
    }

    protected boolean peekToken(int lookahead, Filter<TokenKind> tk) {
        return tk.accepts(S.token(lookahead + 1).kind);
    }

    protected boolean peekToken(Filter<TokenKind> tk1, Filter<TokenKind> tk2) {
        return peekToken(0, tk1, tk2);
    }

    protected boolean peekToken(int lookahead, Filter<TokenKind> tk1, Filter<TokenKind> tk2) {
        return tk1.accepts(S.token(lookahead + 1).kind) &&
                tk2.accepts(S.token(lookahead + 2).kind);
    }

    protected boolean peekToken(Filter<TokenKind> tk1, Filter<TokenKind> tk2, Filter<TokenKind> tk3) {
        return peekToken(0, tk1, tk2, tk3);
    }

    protected boolean peekToken(int lookahead, Filter<TokenKind> tk1, Filter<TokenKind> tk2, Filter<TokenKind> tk3) {
        return tk1.accepts(S.token(lookahead + 1).kind) &&
                tk2.accepts(S.token(lookahead + 2).kind) &&
                tk3.accepts(S.token(lookahead + 3).kind);
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    protected boolean peekToken(Filter<TokenKind>... kinds) {
        return peekToken(0, kinds);
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    protected boolean peekToken(int lookahead, Filter<TokenKind>... kinds) {
        for (; lookahead < kinds.length ; lookahead++) {
            if (!kinds[lookahead].accepts(S.token(lookahead + 1).kind)) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    /* ---------- error recovery -------------- */

    private JCErroneous errorTree;

    
Skip forward until a suitable stop token is found.
/** Skip forward until a suitable stop token is found.
     */
    protected void skip(boolean stopAtImport, boolean stopAtMemberDecl, boolean stopAtIdentifier, boolean stopAtStatement) {
         while (true) {
             switch (token.kind) {
                case SEMI:
                    nextToken();
                    return;
                case PUBLIC:
                case FINAL:
                case ABSTRACT:
                case MONKEYS_AT:
                case EOF:
                case CLASS:
                case INTERFACE:
                case ENUM:
                    return;
                case IMPORT:
                    if (stopAtImport)
                        return;
                    break;
                case LBRACE:
                case RBRACE:
                case PRIVATE:
                case PROTECTED:
                case STATIC:
                case TRANSIENT:
                case NATIVE:
                case VOLATILE:
                case SYNCHRONIZED:
                case STRICTFP:
                case LT:
                case BYTE:
                case SHORT:
                case CHAR:
                case INT:
                case LONG:
                case FLOAT:
                case DOUBLE:
                case BOOLEAN:
                case VOID:
                    if (stopAtMemberDecl)
                        return;
                    break;
                case UNDERSCORE:
                case IDENTIFIER:
                   if (stopAtIdentifier)
                        return;
                    break;
                case CASE:
                case DEFAULT:
                case IF:
                case FOR:
                case WHILE:
                case DO:
                case TRY:
                case SWITCH:
                case RETURN:
                case THROW:
                case BREAK:
                case CONTINUE:
                case ELSE:
                case FINALLY:
                case CATCH:
                case THIS:
                case SUPER:
                case NEW:
                    if (stopAtStatement)
                        return;
                    break;
                case ASSERT:
                    if (stopAtStatement)
                        return;
                    break;
            }
            nextToken();
        }
    }

    protected JCErroneous syntaxError(int pos, String key, TokenKind... args) {
        return syntaxError(pos, List.nil(), key, args);
    }

    protected JCErroneous syntaxError(int pos, List<JCTree> errs, String key, TokenKind... args) {
        setErrorEndPos(pos);
        JCErroneous err = F.at(pos).Erroneous(errs);
        reportSyntaxError(err, key, (Object[])args);
        if (errs != null) {
            JCTree last = errs.last();
            if (last != null)
                storeEnd(last, pos);
        }
        return toP(err);
    }

    private static final int RECOVERY_THRESHOLD = 50;
    private int errorPos = Position.NOPOS;
    private int count = 0;

    
Report a syntax using the given the position parameter and arguments,
unless one was already reported at the same position.
/**
     * Report a syntax using the given the position parameter and arguments,
     * unless one was already reported at the same position.
     */
    protected void reportSyntaxError(int pos, String key, Object... args) {
        JCDiagnostic.DiagnosticPosition diag = new JCDiagnostic.SimpleDiagnosticPosition(pos);
        reportSyntaxError(diag, key, args);
    }

    
Report a syntax error using the given DiagnosticPosition object and
arguments, unless one was already reported at the same position.
/**
     * Report a syntax error using the given DiagnosticPosition object and
     * arguments, unless one was already reported at the same position.
     */
    protected void reportSyntaxError(JCDiagnostic.DiagnosticPosition diagPos, String key, Object... args) {
        int pos = diagPos.getPreferredPosition();
        if (pos > S.errPos() || pos == Position.NOPOS) {
            if (token.kind == EOF) {
                error(diagPos, "premature.eof");
            } else {
                error(diagPos, key, args);
            }
        }
        S.errPos(pos);
        if (token.pos == errorPos) {
            //check for a possible infinite loop in parsing:
            Assert.check(count++ < RECOVERY_THRESHOLD);
        } else {
            count = 0;
            errorPos = token.pos;
        }
    }


    
Generate a syntax error at current position unless one was already
 reported at the same position.
/** Generate a syntax error at current position unless one was already
     *  reported at the same position.
     */
    protected JCErroneous syntaxError(String key) {
        return syntaxError(token.pos, key);
    }

    
Generate a syntax error at current position unless one was
 already reported at the same position.
/** Generate a syntax error at current position unless one was
     *  already reported at the same position.
     */
    protected JCErroneous syntaxError(String key, TokenKind arg) {
        return syntaxError(token.pos, key, arg);
    }

    
If next input token matches given token, skip it, otherwise report
 an error.
/** If next input token matches given token, skip it, otherwise report
     *  an error.
     */
    public void accept(TokenKind tk) {
        if (token.kind == tk) {
            nextToken();
        } else {
            setErrorEndPos(token.pos);
            reportSyntaxError(S.prevToken().endPos, "expected", tk);
        }
    }

    
Report an illegal start of expression/type error at given position.
/** Report an illegal start of expression/type error at given position.
     */
    JCExpression illegal(int pos) {
        setErrorEndPos(pos);
        if ((mode & EXPR) != 0)
            return syntaxError(pos, "illegal.start.of.expr");
        else
            return syntaxError(pos, "illegal.start.of.type");

    }

    
Report an illegal start of expression/type error at current position.
/** Report an illegal start of expression/type error at current position.
     */
    JCExpression illegal() {
        return illegal(token.pos);
    }

    
Diagnose a modifier flag from the set, if any. /** Diagnose a modifier flag from the set, if any. */
    protected void checkNoMods(long mods) {
        if (mods != 0) {
            long lowestMod = mods & -mods;
            error(token.pos, "mod.not.allowed.here",
                    Flags.asFlagSet(lowestMod));
        }
    }

/* ---------- doc comments --------- */

    
A table to store all documentation comments
 indexed by the tree nodes they refer to.
 defined only if option flag keepDocComment is set.
/** A table to store all documentation comments
     *  indexed by the tree nodes they refer to.
     *  defined only if option flag keepDocComment is set.
     */
    private final DocCommentTable docComments;

    
Make an entry into docComments hashtable,
 provided flag keepDocComments is set and given doc comment is non-null.
 @param tree   The tree to be used as index in the hashtable
 @param dc     The doc comment to associate with the tree, or null.
/** Make an entry into docComments hashtable,
     *  provided flag keepDocComments is set and given doc comment is non-null.
     *  @param tree   The tree to be used as index in the hashtable
     *  @param dc     The doc comment to associate with the tree, or null.
     */
    protected void attach(JCTree tree, Comment dc) {
        if (keepDocComments && dc != null) {
//          System.out.println("doc comment = ");System.out.println(dc);//DEBUG
            docComments.putComment(tree, dc);
        }
    }

/* -------- source positions ------- */

    protected void setErrorEndPos(int errPos) {
        endPosTable.setErrorEndPos(errPos);
    }

    protected void storeEnd(JCTree tree, int endpos) {
        endPosTable.storeEnd(tree, endpos);
    }

    protected <T extends JCTree> T to(T t) {
        return endPosTable.to(t);
    }

    protected <T extends JCTree> T toP(T t) {
        return endPosTable.toP(t);
    }

    
Get the start position for a tree node.  The start position is
defined to be the position of the first character of the first
token of the node's source text.
Params:
tree –  The tree node/** Get the start position for a tree node.  The start position is
     * defined to be the position of the first character of the first
     * token of the node's source text.
     * @param tree  The tree node
     */
    public int getStartPos(JCTree tree) {
        return TreeInfo.getStartPos(tree);
    }

    
Get the end position for a tree node.  The end position is
defined to be the position of the last character of the last
token of the node's source text.  Returns Position.NOPOS if end
positions are not generated or the position is otherwise not
found.
Params:
tree –  The tree node/**
     * Get the end position for a tree node.  The end position is
     * defined to be the position of the last character of the last
     * token of the node's source text.  Returns Position.NOPOS if end
     * positions are not generated or the position is otherwise not
     * found.
     * @param tree  The tree node
     */
    public int getEndPos(JCTree tree) {
        return endPosTable.getEndPos(tree);
    }



/* ---------- parsing -------------- */

    
Ident = IDENTIFIER
/**
     * Ident = IDENTIFIER
     */
    public Name ident() {
        return ident(false);
    }

    protected Name ident(boolean advanceOnErrors) {
        if (token.kind == IDENTIFIER) {
            Name name = token.name();
            nextToken();
            return name;
        } else if (token.kind == ASSERT) {
            error(token.pos, "assert.as.identifier");
            nextToken();
            return names.error;
        } else if (token.kind == ENUM) {
            error(token.pos, "enum.as.identifier");
            nextToken();
            return names.error;
        } else if (token.kind == THIS) {
            if (allowThisIdent) {
                // Make sure we're using a supported source version.
                checkTypeAnnotations();
                Name name = token.name();
                nextToken();
                return name;
            } else {
                error(token.pos, "this.as.identifier");
                nextToken();
                return names.error;
            }
        } else if (token.kind == UNDERSCORE) {
            if (allowUnderscoreIdentifier) {
                warning(token.pos, "underscore.as.identifier");
            } else {
                error(token.pos, "underscore.as.identifier");
            }
            Name name = token.name();
            nextToken();
            return name;
        } else {
            accept(IDENTIFIER);
            if (advanceOnErrors) {
                nextToken();
            }
            return names.error;
        }
    }

    
Qualident = Ident { DOT [Annotations] Ident }
/**
     * Qualident = Ident { DOT [Annotations] Ident }
     */
    public JCExpression qualident(boolean allowAnnos) {
        JCExpression t = toP(F.at(token.pos).Ident(ident()));
        while (token.kind == DOT) {
            int pos = token.pos;
            nextToken();
            List<JCAnnotation> tyannos = null;
            if (allowAnnos) {
                tyannos = typeAnnotationsOpt();
            }
            t = toP(F.at(pos).Select(t, ident()));
            if (tyannos != null && tyannos.nonEmpty()) {
                t = toP(F.at(tyannos.head.pos).AnnotatedType(tyannos, t));
            }
        }
        return t;
    }

    JCExpression literal(Name prefix) {
        return literal(prefix, token.pos);
    }

    
Literal =
    INTLITERAL
  | LONGLITERAL
  | FLOATLITERAL
  | DOUBLELITERAL
  | CHARLITERAL
  | STRINGLITERAL
  | TRUE
  | FALSE
  | NULL
/**
     * Literal =
     *     INTLITERAL
     *   | LONGLITERAL
     *   | FLOATLITERAL
     *   | DOUBLELITERAL
     *   | CHARLITERAL
     *   | STRINGLITERAL
     *   | TRUE
     *   | FALSE
     *   | NULL
     */
    JCExpression literal(Name prefix, int pos) {
        JCExpression t = errorTree;
        switch (token.kind) {
        case INTLITERAL:
            try {
                t = F.at(pos).Literal(
                    TypeTag.INT,
                    Convert.string2int(strval(prefix), token.radix()));
            } catch (NumberFormatException ex) {
                error(token.pos, "int.number.too.large", strval(prefix));
            }
            break;
        case LONGLITERAL:
            try {
                t = F.at(pos).Literal(
                    TypeTag.LONG,
                    Long.valueOf(Convert.string2long(strval(prefix), token.radix())));
            } catch (NumberFormatException ex) {
                error(token.pos, "int.number.too.large", strval(prefix));
            }
            break;
        case FLOATLITERAL: {
            String proper = token.radix() == 16 ?
                    ("0x"+ token.stringVal()) :
                    token.stringVal();
            Float n;
            try {
                n = Float.valueOf(proper);
            } catch (NumberFormatException ex) {
                // error already reported in scanner
                n = Float.NaN;
            }
            if (n.floatValue() == 0.0f && !isZero(proper))
                error(token.pos, "fp.number.too.small");
            else if (n.floatValue() == Float.POSITIVE_INFINITY)
                error(token.pos, "fp.number.too.large");
            else
                t = F.at(pos).Literal(TypeTag.FLOAT, n);
            break;
        }
        case DOUBLELITERAL: {
            String proper = token.radix() == 16 ?
                    ("0x"+ token.stringVal()) :
                    token.stringVal();
            Double n;
            try {
                n = Double.valueOf(proper);
            } catch (NumberFormatException ex) {
                // error already reported in scanner
                n = Double.NaN;
            }
            if (n.doubleValue() == 0.0d && !isZero(proper))
                error(token.pos, "fp.number.too.small");
            else if (n.doubleValue() == Double.POSITIVE_INFINITY)
                error(token.pos, "fp.number.too.large");
            else
                t = F.at(pos).Literal(TypeTag.DOUBLE, n);
            break;
        }
        case CHARLITERAL:
            t = F.at(pos).Literal(
                TypeTag.CHAR,
                token.stringVal().charAt(0) + 0);
            break;
        case STRINGLITERAL:
            t = F.at(pos).Literal(
                TypeTag.CLASS,
                token.stringVal());
            break;
        case TRUE: case FALSE:
            t = F.at(pos).Literal(
                TypeTag.BOOLEAN,
                (token.kind == TRUE ? 1 : 0));
            break;
        case NULL:
            t = F.at(pos).Literal(
                TypeTag.BOT,
                null);
            break;
        default:
            Assert.error();
        }
        if (t == errorTree)
            t = F.at(pos).Erroneous();
        storeEnd(t, token.endPos);
        nextToken();
        return t;
    }
    //where
        boolean isZero(String s) {
            char[] cs = s.toCharArray();
            int base = ((cs.length > 1 && Character.toLowerCase(cs[1]) == 'x') ? 16 : 10);
            int i = ((base==16) ? 2 : 0);
            while (i < cs.length && (cs[i] == '0' || cs[i] == '.')) i++;
            return !(i < cs.length && (Character.digit(cs[i], base) > 0));
        }

        String strval(Name prefix) {
            String s = token.stringVal();
            return prefix.isEmpty() ? s : prefix + s;
        }

    
terms can be either expressions or types.
/** terms can be either expressions or types.
     */
    public JCExpression parseExpression() {
        return term(EXPR);
    }

    
parses (optional) type annotations followed by a type. If the annotations are present before the type and are not consumed during array parsing, this method returns a JCAnnotatedType consisting of these annotations and the underlying type. Otherwise, it returns the underlying type. 
 Note that this method sets mode to TYPE first, before parsing annotations. /**
     * parses (optional) type annotations followed by a type. If the
     * annotations are present before the type and are not consumed during array
     * parsing, this method returns a {@link JCAnnotatedType} consisting of
     * these annotations and the underlying type. Otherwise, it returns the
     * underlying type.
     *
     * <p>
     *
     * Note that this method sets {@code mode} to {@code TYPE} first, before
     * parsing annotations.
     */
    public JCExpression parseType() {
        List<JCAnnotation> annotations = typeAnnotationsOpt();
        return parseType(annotations);
    }

    public JCExpression parseType(List<JCAnnotation> annotations) {
        JCExpression result = unannotatedType();

        if (annotations.nonEmpty()) {
            result = insertAnnotationsToMostInner(result, annotations, false);
        }

        return result;
    }

    public JCExpression unannotatedType() {
        return term(TYPE);
    }

    protected JCExpression term(int newmode) {
        int prevmode = mode;
        mode = newmode;
        JCExpression t = term();
        lastmode = mode;
        mode = prevmode;
        return t;
    }

    

 Expression = Expression1 [ExpressionRest]
 ExpressionRest = [AssignmentOperator Expression1]
 AssignmentOperator = "=" | "+=" | "-=" | "*=" | "/=" |
                      "&=" | "|=" | "^=" |
                      "%=" | "<<=" | ">>=" | ">>>="
 Type = Type1
 TypeNoParams = TypeNoParams1
 StatementExpression = Expression
 ConstantExpression = Expression
  /**
     *  {@literal
     *  Expression = Expression1 [ExpressionRest]
     *  ExpressionRest = [AssignmentOperator Expression1]
     *  AssignmentOperator = "=" | "+=" | "-=" | "*=" | "/=" |
     *                       "&=" | "|=" | "^=" |
     *                       "%=" | "<<=" | ">>=" | ">>>="
     *  Type = Type1
     *  TypeNoParams = TypeNoParams1
     *  StatementExpression = Expression
     *  ConstantExpression = Expression
     *  }
     */
    JCExpression term() {
        JCExpression t = term1();
        if ((mode & EXPR) != 0 &&
            token.kind == EQ || PLUSEQ.compareTo(token.kind) <= 0 && token.kind.compareTo(GTGTGTEQ) <= 0)
            return termRest(t);
        else
            return t;
    }

    JCExpression termRest(JCExpression t) {
        switch (token.kind) {
        case EQ: {
            int pos = token.pos;
            nextToken();
            mode = EXPR;
            JCExpression t1 = term();
            return toP(F.at(pos).Assign(t, t1));
        }
        case PLUSEQ:
        case SUBEQ:
        case STAREQ:
        case SLASHEQ:
        case PERCENTEQ:
        case AMPEQ:
        case BAREQ:
        case CARETEQ:
        case LTLTEQ:
        case GTGTEQ:
        case GTGTGTEQ:
            int pos = token.pos;
            TokenKind tk = token.kind;
            nextToken();
            mode = EXPR;
            JCExpression t1 = term();
            return F.at(pos).Assignop(optag(tk), t, t1);
        default:
            return t;
        }
    }

    
Expression1   = Expression2 [Expression1Rest]
 Type1         = Type2
 TypeNoParams1 = TypeNoParams2
/** Expression1   = Expression2 [Expression1Rest]
     *  Type1         = Type2
     *  TypeNoParams1 = TypeNoParams2
     */
    JCExpression term1() {
        JCExpression t = term2();
        if ((mode & EXPR) != 0 && token.kind == QUES) {
            mode = EXPR;
            return term1Rest(t);
        } else {
            return t;
        }
    }

    
Expression1Rest = ["?" Expression ":" Expression1]
/** Expression1Rest = ["?" Expression ":" Expression1]
     */
    JCExpression term1Rest(JCExpression t) {
        if (token.kind == QUES) {
            int pos = token.pos;
            nextToken();
            JCExpression t1 = term();
            accept(COLON);
            JCExpression t2 = term1();
            return F.at(pos).Conditional(t, t1, t2);
        } else {
            return t;
        }
    }

    
Expression2   = Expression3 [Expression2Rest]
 Type2         = Type3
 TypeNoParams2 = TypeNoParams3
/** Expression2   = Expression3 [Expression2Rest]
     *  Type2         = Type3
     *  TypeNoParams2 = TypeNoParams3
     */
    JCExpression term2() {
        JCExpression t = term3();
        if ((mode & EXPR) != 0 && prec(token.kind) >= TreeInfo.orPrec) {
            mode = EXPR;
            return term2Rest(t, TreeInfo.orPrec);
        } else {
            return t;
        }
    }

    /*  Expression2Rest = {infixop Expression3}
     *                  | Expression3 instanceof Type
     *  infixop         = "||"
     *                  | "&&"
     *                  | "|"
     *                  | "^"
     *                  | "&"
     *                  | "==" | "!="
     *                  | "<" | ">" | "<=" | ">="
     *                  | "<<" | ">>" | ">>>"
     *                  | "+" | "-"
     *                  | "*" | "/" | "%"
     */
    JCExpression term2Rest(JCExpression t, int minprec) {
        JCExpression[] odStack = newOdStack();
        Token[] opStack = newOpStack();

        // optimization, was odStack = new Tree[...]; opStack = new Tree[...];
        int top = 0;
        odStack[0] = t;
        int startPos = token.pos;
        Token topOp = Tokens.DUMMY;
        while (prec(token.kind) >= minprec) {
            opStack[top] = topOp;
            top++;
            topOp = token;
            nextToken();
            odStack[top] = (topOp.kind == INSTANCEOF) ? parseType() : term3();
            while (top > 0 && prec(topOp.kind) >= prec(token.kind)) {
                odStack[top-1] = makeOp(topOp.pos, topOp.kind, odStack[top-1],
                                        odStack[top]);
                top--;
                topOp = opStack[top];
            }
        }
        Assert.check(top == 0);
        t = odStack[0];

        if (t.hasTag(JCTree.Tag.PLUS)) {
            t = foldStrings(t);
        }

        odStackSupply.add(odStack);
        opStackSupply.add(opStack);
        return t;
    }
    //where
        
Construct a binary or type test node.
/** Construct a binary or type test node.
         */
        private JCExpression makeOp(int pos,
                                    TokenKind topOp,
                                    JCExpression od1,
                                    JCExpression od2)
        {
            if (topOp == INSTANCEOF) {
                return F.at(pos).TypeTest(od1, od2);
            } else {
                return F.at(pos).Binary(optag(topOp), od1, od2);
            }
        }
        
If tree is a concatenation of string literals, replace it
 by a single literal representing the concatenated string.
/** If tree is a concatenation of string literals, replace it
         *  by a single literal representing the concatenated string.
         */
        protected JCExpression foldStrings(JCExpression tree) {
            if (!allowStringFolding)
                return tree;
            ListBuffer<JCExpression> opStack = new ListBuffer<>();
            ListBuffer<JCLiteral> litBuf = new ListBuffer<>();
            boolean needsFolding = false;
            JCExpression curr = tree;
            while (true) {
                if (curr.hasTag(JCTree.Tag.PLUS)) {
                    JCBinary op = (JCBinary)curr;
                    needsFolding |= foldIfNeeded(op.rhs, litBuf, opStack, false);
                    curr = op.lhs;
                } else {
                    needsFolding |= foldIfNeeded(curr, litBuf, opStack, true);
                    break; //last one!
                }
            }
            if (needsFolding) {
                List<JCExpression> ops = opStack.toList();
                JCExpression res = ops.head;
                for (JCExpression op : ops.tail) {
                    res = F.at(op.getStartPosition()).Binary(optag(TokenKind.PLUS), res, op);
                    storeEnd(res, getEndPos(op));
                }
                return res;
            } else {
                return tree;
            }
        }

        private boolean foldIfNeeded(JCExpression tree, ListBuffer<JCLiteral> litBuf,
                                                ListBuffer<JCExpression> opStack, boolean last) {
            JCLiteral str = stringLiteral(tree);
            if (str != null) {
                litBuf.prepend(str);
                return last && merge(litBuf, opStack);
            } else {
                boolean res = merge(litBuf, opStack);
                litBuf.clear();
                opStack.prepend(tree);
                return res;
            }
        }

        boolean merge(ListBuffer<JCLiteral> litBuf, ListBuffer<JCExpression> opStack) {
            if (litBuf.isEmpty()) {
                return false;
            } else if (litBuf.size() == 1) {
                opStack.prepend(litBuf.first());
                return false;
            } else {
                JCExpression t = F.at(litBuf.first().getStartPosition()).Literal(TypeTag.CLASS,
                        litBuf.stream().map(lit -> (String)lit.getValue()).collect(Collectors.joining()));
                storeEnd(t, litBuf.last().getEndPosition(endPosTable));
                opStack.prepend(t);
                return true;
            }
        }

        private JCLiteral stringLiteral(JCTree tree) {
            if (tree.hasTag(LITERAL)) {
                JCLiteral lit = (JCLiteral)tree;
                if (lit.typetag == TypeTag.CLASS) {
                    return lit;
                }
            }
            return null;
        }


        
optimization: To save allocating a new operand/operator stack
 for every binary operation, we use supplys.
/** optimization: To save allocating a new operand/operator stack
         *  for every binary operation, we use supplys.
         */
        ArrayList<JCExpression[]> odStackSupply = new ArrayList<>();
        ArrayList<Token[]> opStackSupply = new ArrayList<>();

        private JCExpression[] newOdStack() {
            if (odStackSupply.isEmpty())
                return new JCExpression[infixPrecedenceLevels + 1];
            return odStackSupply.remove(odStackSupply.size() - 1);
        }

        private Token[] newOpStack() {
            if (opStackSupply.isEmpty())
                return new Token[infixPrecedenceLevels + 1];
            return opStackSupply.remove(opStackSupply.size() - 1);
        }

    
 Expression3 = PrefixOp Expression3 | "(" Expr | TypeNoParams ")" Expression3 | Primary {Selector} {PostfixOp} 
 Primary        = "(" Expression ")"
                | Literal
                | [TypeArguments] THIS [Arguments]
                | [TypeArguments] SUPER SuperSuffix
                | NEW [TypeArguments] Creator
                | "(" Arguments ")" "->" ( Expression | Block )
                | Ident "->" ( Expression | Block )
                | [Annotations] Ident { "." [Annotations] Ident }
                | Expression3 MemberReferenceSuffix
                  [ [Annotations] "[" ( "]" BracketsOpt "." CLASS | Expression "]" )
                  | Arguments
                  | "." ( CLASS | THIS | [TypeArguments] SUPER Arguments | NEW [TypeArguments] InnerCreator )
                  ]
                | BasicType BracketsOpt "." CLASS
  PrefixOp = "++" | "--" | "!" | "~" | "+" | "-" PostfixOp = "++" | "--" Type3 = Ident { "." Ident } [TypeArguments] {TypeSelector} BracketsOpt | BasicType TypeNoParams3 = Ident { "." Ident } BracketsOpt Selector = "." [TypeArguments] Ident [Arguments] | "." THIS | "." [TypeArguments] SUPER SuperSuffix | "." NEW [TypeArguments] InnerCreator | "[" Expression "]" TypeSelector = "." Ident [TypeArguments] SuperSuffix = Arguments | "." Ident [Arguments] /**
     *  Expression3    = PrefixOp Expression3
     *                 | "(" Expr | TypeNoParams ")" Expression3
     *                 | Primary {Selector} {PostfixOp}
     *
     *  {@literal
     *  Primary        = "(" Expression ")"
     *                 | Literal
     *                 | [TypeArguments] THIS [Arguments]
     *                 | [TypeArguments] SUPER SuperSuffix
     *                 | NEW [TypeArguments] Creator
     *                 | "(" Arguments ")" "->" ( Expression | Block )
     *                 | Ident "->" ( Expression | Block )
     *                 | [Annotations] Ident { "." [Annotations] Ident }
     *                 | Expression3 MemberReferenceSuffix
     *                   [ [Annotations] "[" ( "]" BracketsOpt "." CLASS | Expression "]" )
     *                   | Arguments
     *                   | "." ( CLASS | THIS | [TypeArguments] SUPER Arguments | NEW [TypeArguments] InnerCreator )
     *                   ]
     *                 | BasicType BracketsOpt "." CLASS
     *  }
     *
     *  PrefixOp       = "++" | "--" | "!" | "~" | "+" | "-"
     *  PostfixOp      = "++" | "--"
     *  Type3          = Ident { "." Ident } [TypeArguments] {TypeSelector} BracketsOpt
     *                 | BasicType
     *  TypeNoParams3  = Ident { "." Ident } BracketsOpt
     *  Selector       = "." [TypeArguments] Ident [Arguments]
     *                 | "." THIS
     *                 | "." [TypeArguments] SUPER SuperSuffix
     *                 | "." NEW [TypeArguments] InnerCreator
     *                 | "[" Expression "]"
     *  TypeSelector   = "." Ident [TypeArguments]
     *  SuperSuffix    = Arguments | "." Ident [Arguments]
     */
    protected JCExpression term3() {
        int pos = token.pos;
        JCExpression t;
        List<JCExpression> typeArgs = typeArgumentsOpt(EXPR);
        switch (token.kind) {
        case QUES:
            if ((mode & TYPE) != 0 && (mode & (TYPEARG|NOPARAMS)) == TYPEARG) {
                mode = TYPE;
                return typeArgument();
            } else
                return illegal();
        case PLUSPLUS: case SUBSUB: case BANG: case TILDE: case PLUS: case SUB:
            if (typeArgs == null && (mode & EXPR) != 0) {
                TokenKind tk = token.kind;
                nextToken();
                mode = EXPR;
                if (tk == SUB &&
                    (token.kind == INTLITERAL || token.kind == LONGLITERAL) &&
                    token.radix() == 10) {
                    mode = EXPR;
                    t = literal(names.hyphen, pos);
                } else {
                    t = term3();
                    return F.at(pos).Unary(unoptag(tk), t);
                }
            } else return illegal();
            break;
        case LPAREN:
            if (typeArgs == null && (mode & EXPR) != 0) {
                ParensResult pres = analyzeParens();
                switch (pres) {
                    case CAST:
                       accept(LPAREN);
                       mode = TYPE;
                       int pos1 = pos;
                       List<JCExpression> targets = List.of(t = term3());
                       while (token.kind == AMP) {
                           checkIntersectionTypesInCast();
                           accept(AMP);
                           targets = targets.prepend(term3());
                       }
                       if (targets.length() > 1) {
                           t = toP(F.at(pos1).TypeIntersection(targets.reverse()));
                       }
                       accept(RPAREN);
                       mode = EXPR;
                       JCExpression t1 = term3();
                       return F.at(pos).TypeCast(t, t1);
                    case IMPLICIT_LAMBDA:
                    case EXPLICIT_LAMBDA:
                        t = lambdaExpressionOrStatement(true, pres == ParensResult.EXPLICIT_LAMBDA, pos);
                        break;
                    default: //PARENS
                        accept(LPAREN);
                        mode = EXPR;
                        t = termRest(term1Rest(term2Rest(term3(), TreeInfo.orPrec)));
                        accept(RPAREN);
                        t = toP(F.at(pos).Parens(t));
                        break;
                }
            } else {
                return illegal();
            }
            break;
        case THIS:
            if ((mode & EXPR) != 0) {
                mode = EXPR;
                t = to(F.at(pos).Ident(names._this));
                nextToken();
                if (typeArgs == null)
                    t = argumentsOpt(null, t);
                else
                    t = arguments(typeArgs, t);
                typeArgs = null;
            } else return illegal();
            break;
        case SUPER:
            if ((mode & EXPR) != 0) {
                mode = EXPR;
                t = to(F.at(pos).Ident(names._super));
                t = superSuffix(typeArgs, t);
                typeArgs = null;
            } else return illegal();
            break;
        case INTLITERAL: case LONGLITERAL: case FLOATLITERAL: case DOUBLELITERAL:
        case CHARLITERAL: case STRINGLITERAL:
        case TRUE: case FALSE: case NULL:
            if (typeArgs == null && (mode & EXPR) != 0) {
                mode = EXPR;
                t = literal(names.empty);
            } else return illegal();
            break;
        case NEW:
            if (typeArgs != null) return illegal();
            if ((mode & EXPR) != 0) {
                mode = EXPR;
                nextToken();
                if (token.kind == LT) typeArgs = typeArguments(false);
                t = creator(pos, typeArgs);
                typeArgs = null;
            } else return illegal();
            break;
        case MONKEYS_AT:
            // Only annotated cast types and method references are valid
            List<JCAnnotation> typeAnnos = typeAnnotationsOpt();
            if (typeAnnos.isEmpty()) {
                // else there would be no '@'
                throw new AssertionError("Expected type annotations, but found none!");
            }

            JCExpression expr = term3();

            if ((mode & TYPE) == 0) {
                // Type annotations on class literals no longer legal
                switch (expr.getTag()) {
                case REFERENCE: {
                    JCMemberReference mref = (JCMemberReference) expr;
                    mref.expr = toP(F.at(pos).AnnotatedType(typeAnnos, mref.expr));
                    t = mref;
                    break;
                }
                case SELECT: {
                    JCFieldAccess sel = (JCFieldAccess) expr;

                    if (sel.name != names._class) {
                        return illegal();
                    } else {
                        log.error(token.pos, "no.annotations.on.dot.class");
                        return expr;
                    }
                }
                default:
                    return illegal(typeAnnos.head.pos);
                }

            } else {
                // Type annotations targeting a cast
                t = insertAnnotationsToMostInner(expr, typeAnnos, false);
            }
            break;
        case UNDERSCORE: case IDENTIFIER: case ASSERT: case ENUM:
            if (typeArgs != null) return illegal();
            if ((mode & EXPR) != 0 && peekToken(ARROW)) {
                t = lambdaExpressionOrStatement(false, false, pos);
            } else {
                t = toP(F.at(token.pos).Ident(ident()));
                loop: while (true) {
                    pos = token.pos;
                    final List<JCAnnotation> annos = typeAnnotationsOpt();

                    // need to report an error later if LBRACKET is for array
                    // index access rather than array creation level
                    if (!annos.isEmpty() && token.kind != LBRACKET && token.kind != ELLIPSIS)
                        return illegal(annos.head.pos);

                    switch (token.kind) {
                    case LBRACKET:
                        nextToken();
                        if (token.kind == RBRACKET) {
                            nextToken();
                            t = bracketsOpt(t);
                            t = toP(F.at(pos).TypeArray(t));
                            if (annos.nonEmpty()) {
                                t = toP(F.at(pos).AnnotatedType(annos, t));
                            }
                            t = bracketsSuffix(t);
                        } else {
                            if ((mode & EXPR) != 0) {
                                mode = EXPR;
                                JCExpression t1 = term();
                                if (!annos.isEmpty()) t = illegal(annos.head.pos);
                                t = to(F.at(pos).Indexed(t, t1));
                            }
                            accept(RBRACKET);
                        }
                        break loop;
                    case LPAREN:
                        if ((mode & EXPR) != 0) {
                            mode = EXPR;
                            t = arguments(typeArgs, t);
                            if (!annos.isEmpty()) t = illegal(annos.head.pos);
                            typeArgs = null;
                        }
                        break loop;
                    case DOT:
                        nextToken();
                        int oldmode = mode;
                        mode &= ~NOPARAMS;
                        typeArgs = typeArgumentsOpt(EXPR);
                        mode = oldmode;
                        if ((mode & EXPR) != 0) {
                            switch (token.kind) {
                            case CLASS:
                                if (typeArgs != null) return illegal();
                                mode = EXPR;
                                t = to(F.at(pos).Select(t, names._class));
                                nextToken();
                                break loop;
                            case THIS:
                                if (typeArgs != null) return illegal();
                                mode = EXPR;
                                t = to(F.at(pos).Select(t, names._this));
                                nextToken();
                                break loop;
                            case SUPER:
                                mode = EXPR;
                                t = to(F.at(pos).Select(t, names._super));
                                t = superSuffix(typeArgs, t);
                                typeArgs = null;
                                break loop;
                            case NEW:
                                if (typeArgs != null) return illegal();
                                mode = EXPR;
                                int pos1 = token.pos;
                                nextToken();
                                if (token.kind == LT) typeArgs = typeArguments(false);
                                t = innerCreator(pos1, typeArgs, t);
                                typeArgs = null;
                                break loop;
                            }
                        }

                        List<JCAnnotation> tyannos = null;
                        if ((mode & TYPE) != 0 && token.kind == MONKEYS_AT) {
                            tyannos = typeAnnotationsOpt();
                        }
                        // typeArgs saved for next loop iteration.
                        t = toP(F.at(pos).Select(t, ident()));
                        if (tyannos != null && tyannos.nonEmpty()) {
                            t = toP(F.at(tyannos.head.pos).AnnotatedType(tyannos, t));
                        }
                        break;
                    case ELLIPSIS:
                        if (this.permitTypeAnnotationsPushBack) {
                            this.typeAnnotationsPushedBack = annos;
                        } else if (annos.nonEmpty()) {
                            // Don't return here -- error recovery attempt
                            illegal(annos.head.pos);
                        }
                        break loop;
                    case LT:
                        if ((mode & TYPE) == 0 && isUnboundMemberRef()) {
                            //this is an unbound method reference whose qualifier
                            //is a generic type i.e. A<S>::m
                            int pos1 = token.pos;
                            accept(LT);
                            ListBuffer<JCExpression> args = new ListBuffer<>();
                            args.append(typeArgument());
                            while (token.kind == COMMA) {
                                nextToken();
                                args.append(typeArgument());
                            }
                            accept(GT);
                            t = toP(F.at(pos1).TypeApply(t, args.toList()));
                            while (token.kind == DOT) {
                                nextToken();
                                mode = TYPE;
                                t = toP(F.at(token.pos).Select(t, ident()));
                                t = typeArgumentsOpt(t);
                            }
                            t = bracketsOpt(t);
                            if (token.kind != COLCOL) {
                                //method reference expected here
                                t = illegal();
                            }
                            mode = EXPR;
                            return term3Rest(t, typeArgs);
                        }
                        break loop;
                    default:
                        break loop;
                    }
                }
            }
            if (typeArgs != null) illegal();
            t = typeArgumentsOpt(t);
            break;
        case BYTE: case SHORT: case CHAR: case INT: case LONG: case FLOAT:
        case DOUBLE: case BOOLEAN:
            if (typeArgs != null) illegal();
            t = bracketsSuffix(bracketsOpt(basicType()));
            break;
        case VOID:
            if (typeArgs != null) illegal();
            if ((mode & EXPR) != 0) {
                nextToken();
                if (token.kind == DOT) {
                    JCPrimitiveTypeTree ti = toP(F.at(pos).TypeIdent(TypeTag.VOID));
                    t = bracketsSuffix(ti);
                } else {
                    return illegal(pos);
                }
            } else {
                // Support the corner case of myMethodHandle.<void>invoke() by passing
                // a void type (like other primitive types) to the next phase.
                // The error will be reported in Attr.attribTypes or Attr.visitApply.
                JCPrimitiveTypeTree ti = to(F.at(pos).TypeIdent(TypeTag.VOID));
                nextToken();
                return ti;
                //return illegal();
            }
            break;
        default:
            return illegal();
        }
        return term3Rest(t, typeArgs);
    }

    JCExpression term3Rest(JCExpression t, List<JCExpression> typeArgs) {
        if (typeArgs != null) illegal();
        while (true) {
            int pos1 = token.pos;
            final List<JCAnnotation> annos = typeAnnotationsOpt();

            if (token.kind == LBRACKET) {
                nextToken();
                if ((mode & TYPE) != 0) {
                    int oldmode = mode;
                    mode = TYPE;
                    if (token.kind == RBRACKET) {
                        nextToken();
                        t = bracketsOpt(t);
                        t = toP(F.at(pos1).TypeArray(t));
                        if (token.kind == COLCOL) {
                            mode = EXPR;
                            continue;
                        }
                        if (annos.nonEmpty()) {
                            t = toP(F.at(pos1).AnnotatedType(annos, t));
                        }
                        return t;
                    }
                    mode = oldmode;
                }
                if ((mode & EXPR) != 0) {
                    mode = EXPR;
                    JCExpression t1 = term();
                    t = to(F.at(pos1).Indexed(t, t1));
                }
                accept(RBRACKET);
            } else if (token.kind == DOT) {
                nextToken();
                typeArgs = typeArgumentsOpt(EXPR);
                if (token.kind == SUPER && (mode & EXPR) != 0) {
                    mode = EXPR;
                    t = to(F.at(pos1).Select(t, names._super));
                    nextToken();
                    t = arguments(typeArgs, t);
                    typeArgs = null;
                } else if (token.kind == NEW && (mode & EXPR) != 0) {
                    if (typeArgs != null) return illegal();
                    mode = EXPR;
                    int pos2 = token.pos;
                    nextToken();
                    if (token.kind == LT) typeArgs = typeArguments(false);
                    t = innerCreator(pos2, typeArgs, t);
                    typeArgs = null;
                } else {
                    List<JCAnnotation> tyannos = null;
                    if ((mode & TYPE) != 0 && token.kind == MONKEYS_AT) {
                        // is the mode check needed?
                        tyannos = typeAnnotationsOpt();
                    }
                    t = toP(F.at(pos1).Select(t, ident(true)));
                    if (tyannos != null && tyannos.nonEmpty()) {
                        t = toP(F.at(tyannos.head.pos).AnnotatedType(tyannos, t));
                    }
                    t = argumentsOpt(typeArgs, typeArgumentsOpt(t));
                    typeArgs = null;
                }
            } else if ((mode & EXPR) != 0 && token.kind == COLCOL) {
                mode = EXPR;
                if (typeArgs != null) return illegal();
                accept(COLCOL);
                t = memberReferenceSuffix(pos1, t);
            } else {
                if (!annos.isEmpty()) {
                    if (permitTypeAnnotationsPushBack)
                        typeAnnotationsPushedBack = annos;
                    else
                        return illegal(annos.head.pos);
                }
                break;
            }
        }
        while ((token.kind == PLUSPLUS || token.kind == SUBSUB) && (mode & EXPR) != 0) {
            mode = EXPR;
            t = to(F.at(token.pos).Unary(
                  token.kind == PLUSPLUS ? POSTINC : POSTDEC, t));
            nextToken();
        }
        return toP(t);
    }

    
If we see an identifier followed by a '<' it could be an unbound
method reference or a binary expression. To disambiguate, look for a
matching '>' and see if the subsequent terminal is either '.' or '::'.
/**
     * If we see an identifier followed by a '&lt;' it could be an unbound
     * method reference or a binary expression. To disambiguate, look for a
     * matching '&gt;' and see if the subsequent terminal is either '.' or '::'.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("fallthrough")
    boolean isUnboundMemberRef() {
        int pos = 0, depth = 0;
        outer: for (Token t = S.token(pos) ; ; t = S.token(++pos)) {
            switch (t.kind) {
                case IDENTIFIER: case UNDERSCORE: case QUES: case EXTENDS: case SUPER:
                case DOT: case RBRACKET: case LBRACKET: case COMMA:
                case BYTE: case SHORT: case INT: case LONG: case FLOAT:
                case DOUBLE: case BOOLEAN: case CHAR:
                case MONKEYS_AT:
                    break;

                case LPAREN:
                    // skip annotation values
                    int nesting = 0;
                    for (; ; pos++) {
                        TokenKind tk2 = S.token(pos).kind;
                        switch (tk2) {
                            case EOF:
                                return false;
                            case LPAREN:
                                nesting++;
                                break;
                            case RPAREN:
                                nesting--;
                                if (nesting == 0) {
                                    continue outer;
                                }
                                break;
                        }
                    }

                case LT:
                    depth++; break;
                case GTGTGT:
                    depth--;
                case GTGT:
                    depth--;
                case GT:
                    depth--;
                    if (depth == 0) {
                        TokenKind nextKind = S.token(pos + 1).kind;
                        return
                            nextKind == TokenKind.DOT ||
                            nextKind == TokenKind.LBRACKET ||
                            nextKind == TokenKind.COLCOL;
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    return false;
            }
        }
    }

    
If we see an identifier followed by a '<' it could be an unbound
method reference or a binary expression. To disambiguate, look for a
matching '>' and see if the subsequent terminal is either '.' or '::'.
/**
     * If we see an identifier followed by a '&lt;' it could be an unbound
     * method reference or a binary expression. To disambiguate, look for a
     * matching '&gt;' and see if the subsequent terminal is either '.' or '::'.
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("fallthrough")
    ParensResult analyzeParens() {
        int depth = 0;
        boolean type = false;
        outer: for (int lookahead = 0 ; ; lookahead++) {
            TokenKind tk = S.token(lookahead).kind;
            switch (tk) {
                case COMMA:
                    type = true;
                case EXTENDS: case SUPER: case DOT: case AMP:
                    //skip
                    break;
                case QUES:
                    if (peekToken(lookahead, EXTENDS) ||
                            peekToken(lookahead, SUPER)) {
                        //wildcards
                        type = true;
                    }
                    break;
                case BYTE: case SHORT: case INT: case LONG: case FLOAT:
                case DOUBLE: case BOOLEAN: case CHAR: case VOID:
                    if (peekToken(lookahead, RPAREN)) {
                        //Type, ')' -> cast
                        return ParensResult.CAST;
                    } else if (peekToken(lookahead, LAX_IDENTIFIER)) {
                        //Type, Identifier/'_'/'assert'/'enum' -> explicit lambda
                        return ParensResult.EXPLICIT_LAMBDA;
                    }
                    break;
                case LPAREN:
                    if (lookahead != 0) {
                        // '(' in a non-starting position -> parens
                        return ParensResult.PARENS;
                    } else if (peekToken(lookahead, RPAREN)) {
                        // '(', ')' -> explicit lambda
                        return ParensResult.EXPLICIT_LAMBDA;
                    }
                    break;
                case RPAREN:
                    // if we have seen something that looks like a type,
                    // then it's a cast expression
                    if (type) return ParensResult.CAST;
                    // otherwise, disambiguate cast vs. parenthesized expression
                    // based on subsequent token.
                    switch (S.token(lookahead + 1).kind) {
                        /*case PLUSPLUS: case SUBSUB: */
                        case BANG: case TILDE:
                        case LPAREN: case THIS: case SUPER:
                        case INTLITERAL: case LONGLITERAL: case FLOATLITERAL:
                        case DOUBLELITERAL: case CHARLITERAL: case STRINGLITERAL:
                        case TRUE: case FALSE: case NULL:
                        case NEW: case IDENTIFIER: case ASSERT: case ENUM: case UNDERSCORE:
                        case BYTE: case SHORT: case CHAR: case INT:
                        case LONG: case FLOAT: case DOUBLE: case BOOLEAN: case VOID:
                            return ParensResult.CAST;
                        default:
                            return ParensResult.PARENS;
                    }
                case UNDERSCORE:
                case ASSERT:
                case ENUM:
                case IDENTIFIER:
                    if (peekToken(lookahead, LAX_IDENTIFIER)) {
                        // Identifier, Identifier/'_'/'assert'/'enum' -> explicit lambda
                        return ParensResult.EXPLICIT_LAMBDA;
                    } else if (peekToken(lookahead, RPAREN, ARROW)) {
                        // Identifier, ')' '->' -> implicit lambda
                        return ParensResult.IMPLICIT_LAMBDA;
                    }
                    type = false;
                    break;
                case FINAL:
                case ELLIPSIS:
                    //those can only appear in explicit lambdas
                    return ParensResult.EXPLICIT_LAMBDA;
                case MONKEYS_AT:
                    type = true;
                    lookahead += 1; //skip '@'
                    while (peekToken(lookahead, DOT)) {
                        lookahead += 2;
                    }
                    if (peekToken(lookahead, LPAREN)) {
                        lookahead++;
                        //skip annotation values
                        int nesting = 0;
                        for (; ; lookahead++) {
                            TokenKind tk2 = S.token(lookahead).kind;
                            switch (tk2) {
                                case EOF:
                                    return ParensResult.PARENS;
                                case LPAREN:
                                    nesting++;
                                    break;
                                case RPAREN:
                                    nesting--;
                                    if (nesting == 0) {
                                        continue outer;
                                    }
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                    break;
                case LBRACKET:
                    if (peekToken(lookahead, RBRACKET, LAX_IDENTIFIER)) {
                        // '[', ']', Identifier/'_'/'assert'/'enum' -> explicit lambda
                        return ParensResult.EXPLICIT_LAMBDA;
                    } else if (peekToken(lookahead, RBRACKET, RPAREN) ||
                            peekToken(lookahead, RBRACKET, AMP)) {
                        // '[', ']', ')' -> cast
                        // '[', ']', '&' -> cast (intersection type)
                        return ParensResult.CAST;
                    } else if (peekToken(lookahead, RBRACKET)) {
                        //consume the ']' and skip
                        type = true;
                        lookahead++;
                        break;
                    } else {
                        return ParensResult.PARENS;
                    }
                case LT:
                    depth++; break;
                case GTGTGT:
                    depth--;
                case GTGT:
                    depth--;
                case GT:
                    depth--;
                    if (depth == 0) {
                        if (peekToken(lookahead, RPAREN) ||
                                peekToken(lookahead, AMP)) {
                            // '>', ')' -> cast
                            // '>', '&' -> cast
                            return ParensResult.CAST;
                        } else if (peekToken(lookahead, LAX_IDENTIFIER, COMMA) ||
                                peekToken(lookahead, LAX_IDENTIFIER, RPAREN, ARROW) ||
                                peekToken(lookahead, ELLIPSIS)) {
                            // '>', Identifier/'_'/'assert'/'enum', ',' -> explicit lambda
                            // '>', Identifier/'_'/'assert'/'enum', ')', '->' -> explicit lambda
                            // '>', '...' -> explicit lambda
                            return ParensResult.EXPLICIT_LAMBDA;
                        }
                        //it looks a type, but could still be (i) a cast to generic type,
                        //(ii) an unbound method reference or (iii) an explicit lambda
                        type = true;
                        break;
                    } else if (depth < 0) {
                        //unbalanced '<', '>' - not a generic type
                        return ParensResult.PARENS;
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    //this includes EOF
                    return ParensResult.PARENS;
            }
        }
    }

    
Accepts all identifier-like tokens /** Accepts all identifier-like tokens */
    protected Filter<TokenKind> LAX_IDENTIFIER = t -> t == IDENTIFIER || t == UNDERSCORE || t == ASSERT || t == ENUM;

    enum ParensResult {
        CAST,
        EXPLICIT_LAMBDA,
        IMPLICIT_LAMBDA,
        PARENS
    }

    JCExpression lambdaExpressionOrStatement(boolean hasParens, boolean explicitParams, int pos) {
        List<JCVariableDecl> params = explicitParams ?
                formalParameters(true) :
                implicitParameters(hasParens);

        return lambdaExpressionOrStatementRest(params, pos);
    }

    JCExpression lambdaExpressionOrStatementRest(List<JCVariableDecl> args, int pos) {
        checkLambda();
        accept(ARROW);

        return token.kind == LBRACE ?
            lambdaStatement(args, pos, token.pos) :
            lambdaExpression(args, pos);
    }

    JCExpression lambdaStatement(List<JCVariableDecl> args, int pos, int pos2) {
        JCBlock block = block(pos2, 0);
        return toP(F.at(pos).Lambda(args, block));
    }

    JCExpression lambdaExpression(List<JCVariableDecl> args, int pos) {
        JCTree expr = parseExpression();
        return toP(F.at(pos).Lambda(args, expr));
    }

    
SuperSuffix = Arguments | "." [TypeArguments] Ident [Arguments]
/** SuperSuffix = Arguments | "." [TypeArguments] Ident [Arguments]
     */
    JCExpression superSuffix(List<JCExpression> typeArgs, JCExpression t) {
        nextToken();
        if (token.kind == LPAREN || typeArgs != null) {
            t = arguments(typeArgs, t);
        } else if (token.kind == COLCOL) {
            if (typeArgs != null) return illegal();
            t = memberReferenceSuffix(t);
        } else {
            int pos = token.pos;
            accept(DOT);
            typeArgs = (token.kind == LT) ? typeArguments(false) : null;
            t = toP(F.at(pos).Select(t, ident()));
            t = argumentsOpt(typeArgs, t);
        }
        return t;
    }

    
BasicType = BYTE | SHORT | CHAR | INT | LONG | FLOAT | DOUBLE | BOOLEAN
/** BasicType = BYTE | SHORT | CHAR | INT | LONG | FLOAT | DOUBLE | BOOLEAN
     */
    JCPrimitiveTypeTree basicType() {
        JCPrimitiveTypeTree t = to(F.at(token.pos).TypeIdent(typetag(token.kind)));
        nextToken();
        return t;
    }

    
ArgumentsOpt = [ Arguments ]
/** ArgumentsOpt = [ Arguments ]
     */
    JCExpression argumentsOpt(List<JCExpression> typeArgs, JCExpression t) {
        if ((mode & EXPR) != 0 && token.kind == LPAREN || typeArgs != null) {
            mode = EXPR;
            return arguments(typeArgs, t);
        } else {
            return t;
        }
    }

    
Arguments = "(" [Expression { COMMA Expression }] ")"
/** Arguments = "(" [Expression { COMMA Expression }] ")"
     */
    List<JCExpression> arguments() {
        ListBuffer<JCExpression> args = new ListBuffer<>();
        if (token.kind == LPAREN) {
            nextToken();
            if (token.kind != RPAREN) {
                args.append(parseExpression());
                while (token.kind == COMMA) {
                    nextToken();
                    args.append(parseExpression());
                }
            }
            accept(RPAREN);
        } else {
            syntaxError(token.pos, "expected", LPAREN);
        }
        return args.toList();
    }

    JCMethodInvocation arguments(List<JCExpression> typeArgs, JCExpression t) {
        int pos = token.pos;
        List<JCExpression> args = arguments();
        return toP(F.at(pos).Apply(typeArgs, t, args));
    }

    
 TypeArgumentsOpt = [ TypeArguments ]
/**  TypeArgumentsOpt = [ TypeArguments ]
     */
    JCExpression typeArgumentsOpt(JCExpression t) {
        if (token.kind == LT &&
            (mode & TYPE) != 0 &&
            (mode & NOPARAMS) == 0) {
            mode = TYPE;
            return typeArguments(t, false);
        } else {
            return t;
        }
    }
    List<JCExpression> typeArgumentsOpt() {
        return typeArgumentsOpt(TYPE);
    }

    List<JCExpression> typeArgumentsOpt(int useMode) {
        if (token.kind == LT) {
            if ((mode & useMode) == 0 ||
                (mode & NOPARAMS) != 0) {
                illegal();
            }
            mode = useMode;
            return typeArguments(false);
        }
        return null;
    }

    

 TypeArguments  = "<" TypeArgument {"," TypeArgument} ">"
  /**
     *  {@literal
     *  TypeArguments  = "<" TypeArgument {"," TypeArgument} ">"
     *  }
     */
    List<JCExpression> typeArguments(boolean diamondAllowed) {
        if (token.kind == LT) {
            nextToken();
            if (token.kind == GT && diamondAllowed) {
                checkDiamond();
                mode |= DIAMOND;
                nextToken();
                return List.nil();
            } else {
                ListBuffer<JCExpression> args = new ListBuffer<>();
                args.append(((mode & EXPR) == 0) ? typeArgument() : parseType());
                while (token.kind == COMMA) {
                    nextToken();
                    args.append(((mode & EXPR) == 0) ? typeArgument() : parseType());
                }
                switch (token.kind) {

                case GTGTGTEQ: case GTGTEQ: case GTEQ:
                case GTGTGT: case GTGT:
                    token = S.split();
                    break;
                case GT:
                    nextToken();
                    break;
                default:
                    args.append(syntaxError(token.pos, "expected", GT));
                    break;
                }
                return args.toList();
            }
        } else {
            return List.of(syntaxError(token.pos, "expected", LT));
        }
    }

    

 TypeArgument = Type
              | [Annotations] "?"
              | [Annotations] "?" EXTENDS Type {"&" Type}
              | [Annotations] "?" SUPER Type
  /**
     *  {@literal
     *  TypeArgument = Type
     *               | [Annotations] "?"
     *               | [Annotations] "?" EXTENDS Type {"&" Type}
     *               | [Annotations] "?" SUPER Type
     *  }
     */
    JCExpression typeArgument() {
        List<JCAnnotation> annotations = typeAnnotationsOpt();
        if (token.kind != QUES) return parseType(annotations);
        int pos = token.pos;
        nextToken();
        JCExpression result;
        if (token.kind == EXTENDS) {
            TypeBoundKind t = to(F.at(pos).TypeBoundKind(BoundKind.EXTENDS));
            nextToken();
            JCExpression bound = parseType();
            result = F.at(pos).Wildcard(t, bound);
        } else if (token.kind == SUPER) {
            TypeBoundKind t = to(F.at(pos).TypeBoundKind(BoundKind.SUPER));
            nextToken();
            JCExpression bound = parseType();
            result = F.at(pos).Wildcard(t, bound);
        } else if (LAX_IDENTIFIER.accepts(token.kind)) {
            //error recovery
            TypeBoundKind t = F.at(Position.NOPOS).TypeBoundKind(BoundKind.UNBOUND);
            JCExpression wc = toP(F.at(pos).Wildcard(t, null));
            JCIdent id = toP(F.at(token.pos).Ident(ident()));
            JCErroneous err = F.at(pos).Erroneous(List.<JCTree>of(wc, id));
            reportSyntaxError(err, "expected3", GT, EXTENDS, SUPER);
            result = err;
        } else {
            TypeBoundKind t = toP(F.at(pos).TypeBoundKind(BoundKind.UNBOUND));
            result = toP(F.at(pos).Wildcard(t, null));
        }
        if (!annotations.isEmpty()) {
            result = toP(F.at(annotations.head.pos).AnnotatedType(annotations,result));
        }
        return result;
    }

    JCTypeApply typeArguments(JCExpression t, boolean diamondAllowed) {
        int pos = token.pos;
        List<JCExpression> args = typeArguments(diamondAllowed);
        return toP(F.at(pos).TypeApply(t, args));
    }

    
BracketsOpt = { [Annotations] "[" "]" }*

annotations is the list of annotations targeting
the expression t.
/**
     * BracketsOpt = { [Annotations] "[" "]" }*
     *
     * <p>
     *
     * <code>annotations</code> is the list of annotations targeting
     * the expression <code>t</code>.
     */
    private JCExpression bracketsOpt(JCExpression t,
            List<JCAnnotation> annotations) {
        List<JCAnnotation> nextLevelAnnotations = typeAnnotationsOpt();

        if (token.kind == LBRACKET) {
            int pos = token.pos;
            nextToken();
            t = bracketsOptCont(t, pos, nextLevelAnnotations);
        } else if (!nextLevelAnnotations.isEmpty()) {
            if (permitTypeAnnotationsPushBack) {
                this.typeAnnotationsPushedBack = nextLevelAnnotations;
            } else {
                return illegal(nextLevelAnnotations.head.pos);
            }
        }

        if (!annotations.isEmpty()) {
            t = toP(F.at(token.pos).AnnotatedType(annotations, t));
        }
        return t;
    }

    
BracketsOpt = [ "[" "]" { [Annotations] "[" "]"} ]
/** BracketsOpt = [ "[" "]" { [Annotations] "[" "]"} ]
     */
    private JCExpression bracketsOpt(JCExpression t) {
        return bracketsOpt(t, List.nil());
    }

    private JCExpression bracketsOptCont(JCExpression t, int pos,
            List<JCAnnotation> annotations) {
        accept(RBRACKET);
        t = bracketsOpt(t);
        t = toP(F.at(pos).TypeArray(t));
        if (annotations.nonEmpty()) {
            t = toP(F.at(pos).AnnotatedType(annotations, t));
        }
        return t;
    }

    
BracketsSuffixExpr = "." CLASS
 BracketsSuffixType =
/** BracketsSuffixExpr = "." CLASS
     *  BracketsSuffixType =
     */
    JCExpression bracketsSuffix(JCExpression t) {
        if ((mode & EXPR) != 0 && token.kind == DOT) {
            mode = EXPR;
            int pos = token.pos;
            nextToken();
            accept(CLASS);
            if (token.pos == endPosTable.errorEndPos) {
                // error recovery
                Name name;
                if (LAX_IDENTIFIER.accepts(token.kind)) {
                    name = token.name();
                    nextToken();
                } else {
                    name = names.error;
                }
                t = F.at(pos).Erroneous(List.<JCTree>of(toP(F.at(pos).Select(t, name))));
            } else {
                Tag tag = t.getTag();
                // Type annotations are illegal on class literals. Annotated non array class literals
                // are complained about directly in term3(), Here check for type annotations on dimensions
                // taking care to handle some interior dimension(s) being annotated.
                if ((tag == TYPEARRAY && TreeInfo.containsTypeAnnotation(t)) || tag == ANNOTATED_TYPE)
                    syntaxError("no.annotations.on.dot.class");
                t = toP(F.at(pos).Select(t, names._class));
            }
        } else if ((mode & TYPE) != 0) {
            if (token.kind != COLCOL) {
                mode = TYPE;
            }
        } else if (token.kind != COLCOL) {
            syntaxError(token.pos, "dot.class.expected");
        }
        return t;
    }

    
MemberReferenceSuffix = "::" [TypeArguments] Ident
                      | "::" [TypeArguments] "new"
/**
     * MemberReferenceSuffix = "::" [TypeArguments] Ident
     *                       | "::" [TypeArguments] "new"
     */
    JCExpression memberReferenceSuffix(JCExpression t) {
        int pos1 = token.pos;
        accept(COLCOL);
        return memberReferenceSuffix(pos1, t);
    }

    JCExpression memberReferenceSuffix(int pos1, JCExpression t) {
        checkMethodReferences();
        mode = EXPR;
        List<JCExpression> typeArgs = null;
        if (token.kind == LT) {
            typeArgs = typeArguments(false);
        }
        Name refName;
        ReferenceMode refMode;
        if (token.kind == NEW) {
            refMode = ReferenceMode.NEW;
            refName = names.init;
            nextToken();
        } else {
            refMode = ReferenceMode.INVOKE;
            refName = ident();
        }
        return toP(F.at(t.getStartPosition()).Reference(refMode, refName, t, typeArgs));
    }

    
Creator = [Annotations] Qualident [TypeArguments] ( ArrayCreatorRest | ClassCreatorRest )
/** Creator = [Annotations] Qualident [TypeArguments] ( ArrayCreatorRest | ClassCreatorRest )
     */
    JCExpression creator(int newpos, List<JCExpression> typeArgs) {
        List<JCAnnotation> newAnnotations = typeAnnotationsOpt();

        switch (token.kind) {
        case BYTE: case SHORT: case CHAR: case INT: case LONG: case FLOAT:
        case DOUBLE: case BOOLEAN:
            if (typeArgs == null) {
                if (newAnnotations.isEmpty()) {
                    return arrayCreatorRest(newpos, basicType());
                } else {
                    return arrayCreatorRest(newpos, toP(F.at(newAnnotations.head.pos).AnnotatedType(newAnnotations, basicType())));
                }
            }
            break;
        default:
        }
        JCExpression t = qualident(true);

        int oldmode = mode;
        mode = TYPE;
        boolean diamondFound = false;
        int lastTypeargsPos = -1;
        if (token.kind == LT) {
            lastTypeargsPos = token.pos;
            t = typeArguments(t, true);
            diamondFound = (mode & DIAMOND) != 0;
        }
        while (token.kind == DOT) {
            if (diamondFound) {
                //cannot select after a diamond
                illegal();
            }
            int pos = token.pos;
            nextToken();
            List<JCAnnotation> tyannos = typeAnnotationsOpt();
            t = toP(F.at(pos).Select(t, ident()));

            if (tyannos != null && tyannos.nonEmpty()) {
                t = toP(F.at(tyannos.head.pos).AnnotatedType(tyannos, t));
            }

            if (token.kind == LT) {
                lastTypeargsPos = token.pos;
                t = typeArguments(t, true);
                diamondFound = (mode & DIAMOND) != 0;
            }
        }
        mode = oldmode;
        if (token.kind == LBRACKET || token.kind == MONKEYS_AT) {
            // handle type annotations for non primitive arrays
            if (newAnnotations.nonEmpty()) {
                t = insertAnnotationsToMostInner(t, newAnnotations, false);
            }

            JCExpression e = arrayCreatorRest(newpos, t);
            if (diamondFound) {
                reportSyntaxError(lastTypeargsPos, "cannot.create.array.with.diamond");
                return toP(F.at(newpos).Erroneous(List.of(e)));
            }
            else if (typeArgs != null) {
                int pos = newpos;
                if (!typeArgs.isEmpty() && typeArgs.head.pos != Position.NOPOS) {
                    // note: this should always happen but we should
                    // not rely on this as the parser is continuously
                    // modified to improve error recovery.
                    pos = typeArgs.head.pos;
                }
                setErrorEndPos(S.prevToken().endPos);
                JCErroneous err = F.at(pos).Erroneous(typeArgs.prepend(e));
                reportSyntaxError(err, "cannot.create.array.with.type.arguments");
                return toP(err);
            }
            return e;
        } else if (token.kind == LPAREN) {
            JCNewClass newClass = classCreatorRest(newpos, null, typeArgs, t);
            if (newClass.def != null) {
                assert newClass.def.mods.annotations.isEmpty();
                if (newAnnotations.nonEmpty()) {
                    // Add type and declaration annotations to the new class;
                    // com.sun.tools.javac.code.TypeAnnotations.TypeAnnotationPositions.visitNewClass(JCNewClass)
                    // will later remove all type annotations and only leave the
                    // declaration annotations.
                    newClass.def.mods.pos = earlier(newClass.def.mods.pos, newAnnotations.head.pos);
                    newClass.def.mods.annotations = newAnnotations;
                }
            } else {
                // handle type annotations for instantiations
                if (newAnnotations.nonEmpty()) {
                    t = insertAnnotationsToMostInner(t, newAnnotations, false);
                    newClass.clazz = t;
                }
            }
            return newClass;
        } else {
            setErrorEndPos(token.pos);
            reportSyntaxError(token.pos, "expected2", LPAREN, LBRACKET);
            t = toP(F.at(newpos).NewClass(null, typeArgs, t, List.nil(), null));
            return toP(F.at(newpos).Erroneous(List.<JCTree>of(t)));
        }
    }

    
InnerCreator = [Annotations] Ident [TypeArguments] ClassCreatorRest
/** InnerCreator = [Annotations] Ident [TypeArguments] ClassCreatorRest
     */
    JCExpression innerCreator(int newpos, List<JCExpression> typeArgs, JCExpression encl) {
        List<JCAnnotation> newAnnotations = typeAnnotationsOpt();

        JCExpression t = toP(F.at(token.pos).Ident(ident()));

        if (newAnnotations.nonEmpty()) {
            t = toP(F.at(newAnnotations.head.pos).AnnotatedType(newAnnotations, t));
        }

        if (token.kind == LT) {
            int oldmode = mode;
            t = typeArguments(t, true);
            mode = oldmode;
        }
        return classCreatorRest(newpos, encl, typeArgs, t);
    }

    
ArrayCreatorRest = [Annotations] "[" ( "]" BracketsOpt ArrayInitializer
                        | Expression "]" {[Annotations]  "[" Expression "]"} BracketsOpt )
/** ArrayCreatorRest = [Annotations] "[" ( "]" BracketsOpt ArrayInitializer
     *                         | Expression "]" {[Annotations]  "[" Expression "]"} BracketsOpt )
     */
    JCExpression arrayCreatorRest(int newpos, JCExpression elemtype) {
        List<JCAnnotation> annos = typeAnnotationsOpt();

        accept(LBRACKET);
        if (token.kind == RBRACKET) {
            accept(RBRACKET);
            elemtype = bracketsOpt(elemtype, annos);
            if (token.kind == LBRACE) {
                JCNewArray na = (JCNewArray)arrayInitializer(newpos, elemtype);
                if (annos.nonEmpty()) {
                    // when an array initializer is present then
                    // the parsed annotations should target the
                    // new array tree
                    // bracketsOpt inserts the annotation in
                    // elemtype, and it needs to be corrected
                    //
                    JCAnnotatedType annotated = (JCAnnotatedType)elemtype;
                    assert annotated.annotations == annos;
                    na.annotations = annotated.annotations;
                    na.elemtype = annotated.underlyingType;
                }
                return na;
            } else {
                JCExpression t = toP(F.at(newpos).NewArray(elemtype, List.nil(), null));
                return syntaxError(token.pos, List.of(t), "array.dimension.missing");
            }
        } else {
            ListBuffer<JCExpression> dims = new ListBuffer<>();

            // maintain array dimension type annotations
            ListBuffer<List<JCAnnotation>> dimAnnotations = new ListBuffer<>();
            dimAnnotations.append(annos);

            dims.append(parseExpression());
            accept(RBRACKET);
            while (token.kind == LBRACKET
                    || token.kind == MONKEYS_AT) {
                List<JCAnnotation> maybeDimAnnos = typeAnnotationsOpt();
                int pos = token.pos;
                nextToken();
                if (token.kind == RBRACKET) {
                    elemtype = bracketsOptCont(elemtype, pos, maybeDimAnnos);
                } else {
                    if (token.kind == RBRACKET) { // no dimension
                        elemtype = bracketsOptCont(elemtype, pos, maybeDimAnnos);
                    } else {
                        dimAnnotations.append(maybeDimAnnos);
                        dims.append(parseExpression());
                        accept(RBRACKET);
                    }
                }
            }

            JCNewArray na = toP(F.at(newpos).NewArray(elemtype, dims.toList(), null));
            na.dimAnnotations = dimAnnotations.toList();
            return na;
        }
    }

    
ClassCreatorRest = Arguments [ClassBody]
/** ClassCreatorRest = Arguments [ClassBody]
     */
    JCNewClass classCreatorRest(int newpos,
                                  JCExpression encl,
                                  List<JCExpression> typeArgs,
                                  JCExpression t)
    {
        List<JCExpression> args = arguments();
        JCClassDecl body = null;
        if (token.kind == LBRACE) {
            int pos = token.pos;
            List<JCTree> defs = classOrInterfaceBody(names.empty, false);
            JCModifiers mods = F.at(Position.NOPOS).Modifiers(0);
            body = toP(F.at(pos).AnonymousClassDef(mods, defs));
        }
        return toP(F.at(newpos).NewClass(encl, typeArgs, t, args, body));
    }

    
ArrayInitializer = "{" [VariableInitializer {"," VariableInitializer}] [","] "}"
/** ArrayInitializer = "{" [VariableInitializer {"," VariableInitializer}] [","] "}"
     */
    JCExpression arrayInitializer(int newpos, JCExpression t) {
        accept(LBRACE);
        ListBuffer<JCExpression> elems = new ListBuffer<>();
        if (token.kind == COMMA) {
            nextToken();
        } else if (token.kind != RBRACE) {
            elems.append(variableInitializer());
            while (token.kind == COMMA) {
                nextToken();
                if (token.kind == RBRACE) break;
                elems.append(variableInitializer());
            }
        }
        accept(RBRACE);
        return toP(F.at(newpos).NewArray(t, List.nil(), elems.toList()));
    }

    
VariableInitializer = ArrayInitializer | Expression
/** VariableInitializer = ArrayInitializer | Expression
     */
    public JCExpression variableInitializer() {
        return token.kind == LBRACE ? arrayInitializer(token.pos, null) : parseExpression();
    }

    
ParExpression = "(" Expression ")"
/** ParExpression = "(" Expression ")"
     */
    JCExpression parExpression() {
        int pos = token.pos;
        accept(LPAREN);
        JCExpression t = parseExpression();
        accept(RPAREN);
        return toP(F.at(pos).Parens(t));
    }

    
Block = "{" BlockStatements "}"
/** Block = "{" BlockStatements "}"
     */
    JCBlock block(int pos, long flags) {
        accept(LBRACE);
        List<JCStatement> stats = blockStatements();
        JCBlock t = F.at(pos).Block(flags, stats);
        while (token.kind == CASE || token.kind == DEFAULT) {
            syntaxError("orphaned", token.kind);
            switchBlockStatementGroups();
        }
        // the Block node has a field "endpos" for first char of last token, which is
        // usually but not necessarily the last char of the last token.
        t.endpos = token.pos;
        accept(RBRACE);
        return toP(t);
    }

    public JCBlock block() {
        return block(token.pos, 0);
    }

    
BlockStatements = { BlockStatement }
 BlockStatement  = LocalVariableDeclarationStatement
                 | ClassOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration
                 | [Ident ":"] Statement
 LocalVariableDeclarationStatement
                 = { FINAL | '@' Annotation } Type VariableDeclarators ";"
/** BlockStatements = { BlockStatement }
     *  BlockStatement  = LocalVariableDeclarationStatement
     *                  | ClassOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration
     *                  | [Ident ":"] Statement
     *  LocalVariableDeclarationStatement
     *                  = { FINAL | '@' Annotation } Type VariableDeclarators ";"
     */
    @SuppressWarnings("fallthrough")
    List<JCStatement> blockStatements() {
        //todo: skip to anchor on error(?)
        int lastErrPos = -1;
        ListBuffer<JCStatement> stats = new ListBuffer<>();
        while (true) {
            List<JCStatement> stat = blockStatement();
            if (stat.isEmpty()) {
                return stats.toList();
            } else {
                // error recovery
                if (token.pos == lastErrPos)
                    return stats.toList();
                if (token.pos <= endPosTable.errorEndPos) {
                    skip(false, true, true, true);
                    lastErrPos = token.pos;
                }
                stats.addAll(stat);
            }
        }
    }

    /*
     * Parse a Statement (JLS 14.5). As an enhancement to improve error recovery,
     * this method will also recognize variable and class declarations (which are
     * not legal for a Statement) by delegating the parsing to BlockStatement (JLS 14.2).
     * If any illegal declarations are found, they will be wrapped in an erroneous tree,
     * and an error will be produced by this method.
     */
    JCStatement parseStatementAsBlock() {
        int pos = token.pos;
        List<JCStatement> stats = blockStatement();
        if (stats.isEmpty()) {
            JCErroneous e = F.at(pos).Erroneous();
            error(e, "illegal.start.of.stmt");
            return F.at(pos).Exec(e);
        } else {
            JCStatement first = stats.head;
            String error = null;
            switch (first.getTag()) {
            case CLASSDEF:
                error = "class.not.allowed";
                break;
            case VARDEF:
                error = "variable.not.allowed";
                break;
            }
            if (error != null) {
                error(first, error);
                List<JCBlock> blist = List.of(F.at(first.pos).Block(0, stats));
                return toP(F.at(pos).Exec(F.at(first.pos).Erroneous(blist)));
            }
            return first;
        }
    }

    
This method parses a statement appearing inside a block.
/**This method parses a statement appearing inside a block.
     */
    List<JCStatement> blockStatement() {
        //todo: skip to anchor on error(?)
        int pos = token.pos;
        switch (token.kind) {
        case RBRACE: case CASE: case DEFAULT: case EOF:
            return List.nil();
        case LBRACE: case IF: case FOR: case WHILE: case DO: case TRY:
        case SWITCH: case SYNCHRONIZED: case RETURN: case THROW: case BREAK:
        case CONTINUE: case SEMI: case ELSE: case FINALLY: case CATCH:
        case ASSERT:
            return List.of(parseSimpleStatement());
        case MONKEYS_AT:
        case FINAL: {
            Comment dc = token.comment(CommentStyle.JAVADOC);
            JCModifiers mods = modifiersOpt();
            if (token.kind == INTERFACE ||
                token.kind == CLASS ||
                token.kind == ENUM) {
                return List.of(classOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration(mods, dc));
            } else {
                JCExpression t = parseType();
                ListBuffer<JCStatement> stats =
                        variableDeclarators(mods, t, new ListBuffer<JCStatement>());
                // A "LocalVariableDeclarationStatement" subsumes the terminating semicolon
                accept(SEMI);
                storeEnd(stats.last(), S.prevToken().endPos);
                return stats.toList();
            }
        }
        case ABSTRACT: case STRICTFP: {
            Comment dc = token.comment(CommentStyle.JAVADOC);
            JCModifiers mods = modifiersOpt();
            return List.of(classOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration(mods, dc));
        }
        case INTERFACE:
        case CLASS:
            Comment dc = token.comment(CommentStyle.JAVADOC);
            return List.of(classOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration(modifiersOpt(), dc));
        case ENUM:
            error(token.pos, "local.enum");
            dc = token.comment(CommentStyle.JAVADOC);
            return List.of(classOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration(modifiersOpt(), dc));
        default:
            Token prevToken = token;
            JCExpression t = term(EXPR | TYPE);
            if (token.kind == COLON && t.hasTag(IDENT)) {
                nextToken();
                JCStatement stat = parseStatementAsBlock();
                return List.of(F.at(pos).Labelled(prevToken.name(), stat));
            } else if ((lastmode & TYPE) != 0 && LAX_IDENTIFIER.accepts(token.kind)) {
                pos = token.pos;
                JCModifiers mods = F.at(Position.NOPOS).Modifiers(0);
                F.at(pos);
                ListBuffer<JCStatement> stats =
                        variableDeclarators(mods, t, new ListBuffer<JCStatement>());
                // A "LocalVariableDeclarationStatement" subsumes the terminating semicolon
                accept(SEMI);
                storeEnd(stats.last(), S.prevToken().endPos);
                return stats.toList();
            } else {
                // This Exec is an "ExpressionStatement"; it subsumes the terminating semicolon
                t = checkExprStat(t);
                accept(SEMI);
                JCExpressionStatement expr = toP(F.at(pos).Exec(t));
                return List.of(expr);
            }
        }
    }

    
Statement =
      Block
    | IF ParExpression Statement [ELSE Statement]
    | FOR "(" ForInitOpt ";" [Expression] ";" ForUpdateOpt ")" Statement
    | FOR "(" FormalParameter : Expression ")" Statement
    | WHILE ParExpression Statement
    | DO Statement WHILE ParExpression ";"
    | TRY Block ( Catches | [Catches] FinallyPart )
    | TRY "(" ResourceSpecification ";"opt ")" Block [Catches] [FinallyPart]
    | SWITCH ParExpression "{" SwitchBlockStatementGroups "}"
    | SYNCHRONIZED ParExpression Block
    | RETURN [Expression] ";"
    | THROW Expression ";"
    | BREAK [Ident] ";"
    | CONTINUE [Ident] ";"
    | ASSERT Expression [ ":" Expression ] ";"
    | ";"
/** Statement =
     *       Block
     *     | IF ParExpression Statement [ELSE Statement]
     *     | FOR "(" ForInitOpt ";" [Expression] ";" ForUpdateOpt ")" Statement
     *     | FOR "(" FormalParameter : Expression ")" Statement
     *     | WHILE ParExpression Statement
     *     | DO Statement WHILE ParExpression ";"
     *     | TRY Block ( Catches | [Catches] FinallyPart )
     *     | TRY "(" ResourceSpecification ";"opt ")" Block [Catches] [FinallyPart]
     *     | SWITCH ParExpression "{" SwitchBlockStatementGroups "}"
     *     | SYNCHRONIZED ParExpression Block
     *     | RETURN [Expression] ";"
     *     | THROW Expression ";"
     *     | BREAK [Ident] ";"
     *     | CONTINUE [Ident] ";"
     *     | ASSERT Expression [ ":" Expression ] ";"
     *     | ";"
     */
    public JCStatement parseSimpleStatement() {
        int pos = token.pos;
        switch (token.kind) {
        case LBRACE:
            return block();
        case IF: {
            nextToken();
            JCExpression cond = parExpression();
            JCStatement thenpart = parseStatementAsBlock();
            JCStatement elsepart = null;
            if (token.kind == ELSE) {
                nextToken();
                elsepart = parseStatementAsBlock();
            }
            return F.at(pos).If(cond, thenpart, elsepart);
        }
        case FOR: {
            nextToken();
            accept(LPAREN);
            List<JCStatement> inits = token.kind == SEMI ? List.nil() : forInit();
            if (inits.length() == 1 &&
                inits.head.hasTag(VARDEF) &&
                ((JCVariableDecl) inits.head).init == null &&
                token.kind == COLON) {
                JCVariableDecl var = (JCVariableDecl)inits.head;
                accept(COLON);
                JCExpression expr = parseExpression();
                accept(RPAREN);
                JCStatement body = parseStatementAsBlock();
                return F.at(pos).ForeachLoop(var, expr, body);
            } else {
                accept(SEMI);
                JCExpression cond = token.kind == SEMI ? null : parseExpression();
                accept(SEMI);
                List<JCExpressionStatement> steps = token.kind == RPAREN ? List.nil() : forUpdate();
                accept(RPAREN);
                JCStatement body = parseStatementAsBlock();
                return F.at(pos).ForLoop(inits, cond, steps, body);
            }
        }
        case WHILE: {
            nextToken();
            JCExpression cond = parExpression();
            JCStatement body = parseStatementAsBlock();
            return F.at(pos).WhileLoop(cond, body);
        }
        case DO: {
            nextToken();
            JCStatement body = parseStatementAsBlock();
            accept(WHILE);
            JCExpression cond = parExpression();
            accept(SEMI);
            JCDoWhileLoop t = toP(F.at(pos).DoLoop(body, cond));
            return t;
        }
        case TRY: {
            nextToken();
            List<JCTree> resources = List.nil();
            if (token.kind == LPAREN) {
                checkTryWithResources();
                nextToken();
                resources = resources();
                accept(RPAREN);
            }
            JCBlock body = block();
            ListBuffer<JCCatch> catchers = new ListBuffer<>();
            JCBlock finalizer = null;
            if (token.kind == CATCH || token.kind == FINALLY) {
                while (token.kind == CATCH) catchers.append(catchClause());
                if (token.kind == FINALLY) {
                    nextToken();
                    finalizer = block();
                }
            } else {
                if (resources.isEmpty()) {
                    if (allowTWR) {
                        error(pos, "try.without.catch.finally.or.resource.decls");
                    } else {
                        error(pos, "try.without.catch.or.finally");
                    }
                }
            }
            return F.at(pos).Try(resources, body, catchers.toList(), finalizer);
        }
        case SWITCH: {
            nextToken();
            JCExpression selector = parExpression();
            accept(LBRACE);
            List<JCCase> cases = switchBlockStatementGroups();
            JCSwitch t = to(F.at(pos).Switch(selector, cases));
            accept(RBRACE);
            return t;
        }
        case SYNCHRONIZED: {
            nextToken();
            JCExpression lock = parExpression();
            JCBlock body = block();
            return F.at(pos).Synchronized(lock, body);
        }
        case RETURN: {
            nextToken();
            JCExpression result = token.kind == SEMI ? null : parseExpression();
            accept(SEMI);
            JCReturn t = toP(F.at(pos).Return(result));
            return t;
        }
        case THROW: {
            nextToken();
            JCExpression exc = parseExpression();
            accept(SEMI);
            JCThrow t = toP(F.at(pos).Throw(exc));
            return t;
        }
        case BREAK: {
            nextToken();
            Name label = LAX_IDENTIFIER.accepts(token.kind) ? ident() : null;
            accept(SEMI);
            JCBreak t = toP(F.at(pos).Break(label));
            return t;
        }
        case CONTINUE: {
            nextToken();
            Name label = LAX_IDENTIFIER.accepts(token.kind) ? ident() : null;
            accept(SEMI);
            JCContinue t =  toP(F.at(pos).Continue(label));
            return t;
        }
        case SEMI:
            nextToken();
            return toP(F.at(pos).Skip());
        case ELSE:
            int elsePos = token.pos;
            nextToken();
            return doRecover(elsePos, BasicErrorRecoveryAction.BLOCK_STMT, "else.without.if");
        case FINALLY:
            int finallyPos = token.pos;
            nextToken();
            return doRecover(finallyPos, BasicErrorRecoveryAction.BLOCK_STMT, "finally.without.try");
        case CATCH:
            return doRecover(token.pos, BasicErrorRecoveryAction.CATCH_CLAUSE, "catch.without.try");
        case ASSERT: {
            nextToken();
            JCExpression assertion = parseExpression();
            JCExpression message = null;
            if (token.kind == COLON) {
                nextToken();
                message = parseExpression();
            }
            accept(SEMI);
            JCAssert t = toP(F.at(pos).Assert(assertion, message));
            return t;
        }
        default:
            Assert.error();
            return null;
        }
    }

    @Override
    public JCStatement parseStatement() {
        return parseStatementAsBlock();
    }

    private JCStatement doRecover(int startPos, ErrorRecoveryAction action, String key) {
        int errPos = S.errPos();
        JCTree stm = action.doRecover(this);
        S.errPos(errPos);
        return toP(F.Exec(syntaxError(startPos, List.of(stm), key)));
    }

    
CatchClause     = CATCH "(" FormalParameter ")" Block
TODO: the "FormalParameter" is not correct, it uses the special "catchTypes" rule below.
/** CatchClause     = CATCH "(" FormalParameter ")" Block
     * TODO: the "FormalParameter" is not correct, it uses the special "catchTypes" rule below.
     */
    protected JCCatch catchClause() {
        int pos = token.pos;
        accept(CATCH);
        accept(LPAREN);
        JCModifiers mods = optFinal(Flags.PARAMETER);
        List<JCExpression> catchTypes = catchTypes();
        JCExpression paramType = catchTypes.size() > 1 ?
                toP(F.at(catchTypes.head.getStartPosition()).TypeUnion(catchTypes)) :
                catchTypes.head;
        JCVariableDecl formal = variableDeclaratorId(mods, paramType);
        accept(RPAREN);
        JCBlock body = block();
        return F.at(pos).Catch(formal, body);
    }

    List<JCExpression> catchTypes() {
        ListBuffer<JCExpression> catchTypes = new ListBuffer<>();
        catchTypes.add(parseType());
        while (token.kind == BAR) {
            checkMulticatch();
            nextToken();
            // Instead of qualident this is now parseType.
            // But would that allow too much, e.g. arrays or generics?
            catchTypes.add(parseType());
        }
        return catchTypes.toList();
    }

    
SwitchBlockStatementGroups = { SwitchBlockStatementGroup }
 SwitchBlockStatementGroup = SwitchLabel BlockStatements
 SwitchLabel = CASE ConstantExpression ":" | DEFAULT ":"
/** SwitchBlockStatementGroups = { SwitchBlockStatementGroup }
     *  SwitchBlockStatementGroup = SwitchLabel BlockStatements
     *  SwitchLabel = CASE ConstantExpression ":" | DEFAULT ":"
     */
    List<JCCase> switchBlockStatementGroups() {
        ListBuffer<JCCase> cases = new ListBuffer<>();
        while (true) {
            int pos = token.pos;
            switch (token.kind) {
            case CASE:
            case DEFAULT:
                cases.append(switchBlockStatementGroup());
                break;
            case RBRACE: case EOF:
                return cases.toList();
            default:
                nextToken(); // to ensure progress
                syntaxError(pos, "expected3",
                    CASE, DEFAULT, RBRACE);
            }
        }
    }

    protected JCCase switchBlockStatementGroup() {
        int pos = token.pos;
        List<JCStatement> stats;
        JCCase c;
        switch (token.kind) {
        case CASE:
            nextToken();
            JCExpression pat = parseExpression();
            accept(COLON);
            stats = blockStatements();
            c = F.at(pos).Case(pat, stats);
            if (stats.isEmpty())
                storeEnd(c, S.prevToken().endPos);
            return c;
        case DEFAULT:
            nextToken();
            accept(COLON);
            stats = blockStatements();
            c = F.at(pos).Case(null, stats);
            if (stats.isEmpty())
                storeEnd(c, S.prevToken().endPos);
            return c;
        }
        throw new AssertionError("should not reach here");
    }

    
MoreStatementExpressions = { COMMA StatementExpression }
/** MoreStatementExpressions = { COMMA StatementExpression }
     */
    <T extends ListBuffer<? super JCExpressionStatement>> T moreStatementExpressions(int pos,
                                                                    JCExpression first,
                                                                    T stats) {
        // This Exec is a "StatementExpression"; it subsumes no terminating token
        stats.append(toP(F.at(pos).Exec(checkExprStat(first))));
        while (token.kind == COMMA) {
            nextToken();
            pos = token.pos;
            JCExpression t = parseExpression();
            // This Exec is a "StatementExpression"; it subsumes no terminating token
            stats.append(toP(F.at(pos).Exec(checkExprStat(t))));
        }
        return stats;
    }

    
ForInit = StatementExpression MoreStatementExpressions
          |  { FINAL | '@' Annotation } Type VariableDeclarators
/** ForInit = StatementExpression MoreStatementExpressions
     *           |  { FINAL | '@' Annotation } Type VariableDeclarators
     */
    List<JCStatement> forInit() {
        ListBuffer<JCStatement> stats = new ListBuffer<>();
        int pos = token.pos;
        if (token.kind == FINAL || token.kind == MONKEYS_AT) {
            return variableDeclarators(optFinal(0), parseType(), stats).toList();
        } else {
            JCExpression t = term(EXPR | TYPE);
            if ((lastmode & TYPE) != 0 && LAX_IDENTIFIER.accepts(token.kind)) {
                return variableDeclarators(modifiersOpt(), t, stats).toList();
            } else if ((lastmode & TYPE) != 0 && token.kind == COLON) {
                error(pos, "bad.initializer", "for-loop");
                return List.of((JCStatement)F.at(pos).VarDef(null, null, t, null));
            } else {
                return moreStatementExpressions(pos, t, stats).toList();
            }
        }
    }

    
ForUpdate = StatementExpression MoreStatementExpressions
/** ForUpdate = StatementExpression MoreStatementExpressions
     */
    List<JCExpressionStatement> forUpdate() {
        return moreStatementExpressions(token.pos,
                                        parseExpression(),
                                        new ListBuffer<JCExpressionStatement>()).toList();
    }

    
AnnotationsOpt = { '@' Annotation }
Params:
kind – Whether to parse an ANNOTATION or TYPE_ANNOTATION/** AnnotationsOpt = { '@' Annotation }
     *
     * @param kind Whether to parse an ANNOTATION or TYPE_ANNOTATION
     */
    protected List<JCAnnotation> annotationsOpt(Tag kind) {
        if (token.kind != MONKEYS_AT) return List.nil(); // optimization
        ListBuffer<JCAnnotation> buf = new ListBuffer<>();
        int prevmode = mode;
        while (token.kind == MONKEYS_AT) {
            int pos = token.pos;
            nextToken();
            buf.append(annotation(pos, kind));
        }
        lastmode = mode;
        mode = prevmode;
        List<JCAnnotation> annotations = buf.toList();

        return annotations;
    }

    List<JCAnnotation> typeAnnotationsOpt() {
        List<JCAnnotation> annotations = annotationsOpt(Tag.TYPE_ANNOTATION);
        return annotations;
    }

    
ModifiersOpt = { Modifier }
 Modifier = PUBLIC | PROTECTED | PRIVATE | STATIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL
          | NATIVE | SYNCHRONIZED | TRANSIENT | VOLATILE | "@"
          | "@" Annotation
/** ModifiersOpt = { Modifier }
     *  Modifier = PUBLIC | PROTECTED | PRIVATE | STATIC | ABSTRACT | FINAL
     *           | NATIVE | SYNCHRONIZED | TRANSIENT | VOLATILE | "@"
     *           | "@" Annotation
     */
    protected JCModifiers modifiersOpt() {
        return modifiersOpt(null);
    }
    protected JCModifiers modifiersOpt(JCModifiers partial) {
        long flags;
        ListBuffer<JCAnnotation> annotations = new ListBuffer<>();
        int pos;
        if (partial == null) {
            flags = 0;
            pos = token.pos;
        } else {
            flags = partial.flags;
            annotations.appendList(partial.annotations);
            pos = partial.pos;
        }
        if (token.deprecatedFlag()) {
            flags |= Flags.DEPRECATED;
        }
        int lastPos;
    loop:
        while (true) {
            long flag;
            switch (token.kind) {
            case PRIVATE     : flag = Flags.PRIVATE; break;
            case PROTECTED   : flag = Flags.PROTECTED; break;
            case PUBLIC      : flag = Flags.PUBLIC; break;
            case STATIC      : flag = Flags.STATIC; break;
            case TRANSIENT   : flag = Flags.TRANSIENT; break;
            case FINAL       : flag = Flags.FINAL; break;
            case ABSTRACT    : flag = Flags.ABSTRACT; break;
            case NATIVE      : flag = Flags.NATIVE; break;
            case VOLATILE    : flag = Flags.VOLATILE; break;
            case SYNCHRONIZED: flag = Flags.SYNCHRONIZED; break;
            case STRICTFP    : flag = Flags.STRICTFP; break;
            case MONKEYS_AT  : flag = Flags.ANNOTATION; break;
            case DEFAULT     : checkDefaultMethods(); flag = Flags.DEFAULT; break;
            case ERROR       : flag = 0; nextToken(); break;
            default: break loop;
            }
            if ((flags & flag) != 0) error(token.pos, "repeated.modifier");
            lastPos = token.pos;
            nextToken();
            if (flag == Flags.ANNOTATION) {
                if (token.kind != INTERFACE) {
                    JCAnnotation ann = annotation(lastPos, Tag.ANNOTATION);
                    // if first modifier is an annotation, set pos to annotation's.
                    if (flags == 0 && annotations.isEmpty())
                        pos = ann.pos;
                    annotations.append(ann);
                    flag = 0;
                }
            }
            flags |= flag;
        }
        switch (token.kind) {
        case ENUM: flags |= Flags.ENUM; break;
        case INTERFACE: flags |= Flags.INTERFACE; break;
        default: break;
        }

        /* A modifiers tree with no modifier tokens or annotations
         * has no text position. */
        if ((flags & (Flags.ModifierFlags | Flags.ANNOTATION)) == 0 && annotations.isEmpty())
            pos = Position.NOPOS;

        JCModifiers mods = F.at(pos).Modifiers(flags, annotations.toList());
        if (pos != Position.NOPOS)
            storeEnd(mods, S.prevToken().endPos);
        return mods;
    }

    
Annotation              = "@" Qualident [ "(" AnnotationFieldValues ")" ]
Params:
pos – position of "@" token
kind – Whether to parse an ANNOTATION or TYPE_ANNOTATION/** Annotation              = "@" Qualident [ "(" AnnotationFieldValues ")" ]
     *
     * @param pos position of "@" token
     * @param kind Whether to parse an ANNOTATION or TYPE_ANNOTATION
     */
    JCAnnotation annotation(int pos, Tag kind) {
        // accept(AT); // AT consumed by caller
        if (kind == Tag.TYPE_ANNOTATION) {
            checkTypeAnnotations();
        }
        JCTree ident = qualident(false);
        List<JCExpression> fieldValues = annotationFieldValuesOpt();
        JCAnnotation ann;
        if (kind == Tag.ANNOTATION) {
            ann = F.at(pos).Annotation(ident, fieldValues);
        } else if (kind == Tag.TYPE_ANNOTATION) {
            ann = F.at(pos).TypeAnnotation(ident, fieldValues);
        } else {
            throw new AssertionError("Unhandled annotation kind: " + kind);
        }

        storeEnd(ann, S.prevToken().endPos);
        return ann;
    }

    List<JCExpression> annotationFieldValuesOpt() {
        return (token.kind == LPAREN) ? annotationFieldValues() : List.nil();
    }

    
AnnotationFieldValues   = "(" [ AnnotationFieldValue { "," AnnotationFieldValue } ] ")" /** AnnotationFieldValues   = "(" [ AnnotationFieldValue { "," AnnotationFieldValue } ] ")" */
    List<JCExpression> annotationFieldValues() {
        accept(LPAREN);
        ListBuffer<JCExpression> buf = new ListBuffer<>();
        if (token.kind != RPAREN) {
            buf.append(annotationFieldValue());
            while (token.kind == COMMA) {
                nextToken();
                buf.append(annotationFieldValue());
            }
        }
        accept(RPAREN);
        return buf.toList();
    }

    
AnnotationFieldValue    = AnnotationValue
                         | Identifier "=" AnnotationValue
/** AnnotationFieldValue    = AnnotationValue
     *                          | Identifier "=" AnnotationValue
     */
    JCExpression annotationFieldValue() {
        if (LAX_IDENTIFIER.accepts(token.kind)) {
            mode = EXPR;
            JCExpression t1 = term1();
            if (t1.hasTag(IDENT) && token.kind == EQ) {
                int pos = token.pos;
                accept(EQ);
                JCExpression v = annotationValue();
                return toP(F.at(pos).Assign(t1, v));
            } else {
                return t1;
            }
        }
        return annotationValue();
    }

    /* AnnotationValue          = ConditionalExpression
     *                          | Annotation
     *                          | "{" [ AnnotationValue { "," AnnotationValue } ] [","] "}"
     */
    JCExpression annotationValue() {
        int pos;
        switch (token.kind) {
        case MONKEYS_AT:
            pos = token.pos;
            nextToken();
            return annotation(pos, Tag.ANNOTATION);
        case LBRACE:
            pos = token.pos;
            accept(LBRACE);
            ListBuffer<JCExpression> buf = new ListBuffer<>();
            if (token.kind == COMMA) {
                nextToken();
            } else if (token.kind != RBRACE) {
                buf.append(annotationValue());
                while (token.kind == COMMA) {
                    nextToken();
                    if (token.kind == RBRACE) break;
                    buf.append(annotationValue());
                }
            }
            accept(RBRACE);
            return toP(F.at(pos).NewArray(null, List.nil(), buf.toList()));
        default:
            mode = EXPR;
            return term1();
        }
    }

    
VariableDeclarators = VariableDeclarator { "," VariableDeclarator }
/** VariableDeclarators = VariableDeclarator { "," VariableDeclarator }
     */
    public <T extends ListBuffer<? super JCVariableDecl>> T variableDeclarators(JCModifiers mods,
                                                                         JCExpression type,
                                                                         T vdefs)
    {
        return variableDeclaratorsRest(token.pos, mods, type, ident(), false, null, vdefs);
    }

    
VariableDeclaratorsRest = VariableDeclaratorRest { "," VariableDeclarator }
 ConstantDeclaratorsRest = ConstantDeclaratorRest { "," ConstantDeclarator }
 @param reqInit  Is an initializer always required?
 @param dc       The documentation comment for the variable declarations, or null.
/** VariableDeclaratorsRest = VariableDeclaratorRest { "," VariableDeclarator }
     *  ConstantDeclaratorsRest = ConstantDeclaratorRest { "," ConstantDeclarator }
     *
     *  @param reqInit  Is an initializer always required?
     *  @param dc       The documentation comment for the variable declarations, or null.
     */
    protected <T extends ListBuffer<? super JCVariableDecl>> T variableDeclaratorsRest(int pos,
                                                                     JCModifiers mods,
                                                                     JCExpression type,
                                                                     Name name,
                                                                     boolean reqInit,
                                                                     Comment dc,
                                                                     T vdefs)
    {
        vdefs.append(variableDeclaratorRest(pos, mods, type, name, reqInit, dc));
        while (token.kind == COMMA) {
            // All but last of multiple declarators subsume a comma
            storeEnd((JCTree)vdefs.last(), token.endPos);
            nextToken();
            vdefs.append(variableDeclarator(mods, type, reqInit, dc));
        }
        return vdefs;
    }

    
VariableDeclarator = Ident VariableDeclaratorRest
 ConstantDeclarator = Ident ConstantDeclaratorRest
/** VariableDeclarator = Ident VariableDeclaratorRest
     *  ConstantDeclarator = Ident ConstantDeclaratorRest
     */
    JCVariableDecl variableDeclarator(JCModifiers mods, JCExpression type, boolean reqInit, Comment dc) {
        return variableDeclaratorRest(token.pos, mods, type, ident(), reqInit, dc);
    }

    
VariableDeclaratorRest = BracketsOpt ["=" VariableInitializer]
 ConstantDeclaratorRest = BracketsOpt "=" VariableInitializer
 @param reqInit  Is an initializer always required?
 @param dc       The documentation comment for the variable declarations, or null.
/** VariableDeclaratorRest = BracketsOpt ["=" VariableInitializer]
     *  ConstantDeclaratorRest = BracketsOpt "=" VariableInitializer
     *
     *  @param reqInit  Is an initializer always required?
     *  @param dc       The documentation comment for the variable declarations, or null.
     */
    JCVariableDecl variableDeclaratorRest(int pos, JCModifiers mods, JCExpression type, Name name,
                                  boolean reqInit, Comment dc) {
        type = bracketsOpt(type);
        JCExpression init = null;
        if (token.kind == EQ) {
            nextToken();
            init = variableInitializer();
        }
        else if (reqInit) syntaxError(token.pos, "expected", EQ);
        JCVariableDecl result =
            toP(F.at(pos).VarDef(mods, name, type, init));
        attach(result, dc);
        return result;
    }

    
VariableDeclaratorId = Ident BracketsOpt
/** VariableDeclaratorId = Ident BracketsOpt
     */
    JCVariableDecl variableDeclaratorId(JCModifiers mods, JCExpression type) {
        return variableDeclaratorId(mods, type, false);
    }
    //where
    JCVariableDecl variableDeclaratorId(JCModifiers mods, JCExpression type, boolean lambdaParameter) {
        int pos = token.pos;
        Name name;
        if (lambdaParameter && token.kind == UNDERSCORE) {
            log.error(pos, "underscore.as.identifier.in.lambda");
            name = token.name();
            nextToken();
        } else {
            if (allowThisIdent && !lambdaParameter) {
                JCExpression pn = qualident(false);
                if (pn.hasTag(Tag.IDENT) && ((JCIdent)pn).name != names._this) {
                    name = ((JCIdent)pn).name;
                } else {
                    if ((mods.flags & Flags.VARARGS) != 0) {
                        log.error(token.pos, "varargs.and.receiver");
                    }
                    if (token.kind == LBRACKET) {
                        log.error(token.pos, "array.and.receiver");
                    }
                    return toP(F.at(pos).ReceiverVarDef(mods, pn, type));
                }
            } else {
                name = ident();
            }
        }
        if ((mods.flags & Flags.VARARGS) != 0 &&
                token.kind == LBRACKET) {
            log.error(token.pos, "varargs.and.old.array.syntax");
        }
        type = bracketsOpt(type);
        return toP(F.at(pos).VarDef(mods, name, type, null));
    }

    
Resources = Resource { ";" Resources }
/** Resources = Resource { ";" Resources }
     */
    List<JCTree> resources() {
        ListBuffer<JCTree> defs = new ListBuffer<>();
        defs.append(resource());
        while (token.kind == SEMI) {
            // All but last of multiple declarators must subsume a semicolon
            storeEnd(defs.last(), token.endPos);
            int semiColonPos = token.pos;
            nextToken();
            if (token.kind == RPAREN) { // Optional trailing semicolon
                                       // after last resource
                break;
            }
            defs.append(resource());
        }
        return defs.toList();
    }

    
Resource = VariableModifiersOpt Type VariableDeclaratorId "=" Expression
          | Expression
/** Resource = VariableModifiersOpt Type VariableDeclaratorId "=" Expression
     *           | Expression
     */
    protected JCTree resource() {
        int startPos = token.pos;
        if (token.kind == FINAL || token.kind == MONKEYS_AT) {
            JCModifiers mods = optFinal(Flags.FINAL);
            JCExpression t = parseType();
            return variableDeclaratorRest(token.pos, mods, t, ident(), true, null);
        }
        JCExpression t = term(EXPR | TYPE);
        if ((lastmode & TYPE) != 0 && LAX_IDENTIFIER.accepts(token.kind)) {
            JCModifiers mods = toP(F.at(startPos).Modifiers(Flags.FINAL));
            return variableDeclaratorRest(token.pos, mods, t, ident(), true, null);
        } else {
            checkVariableInTryWithResources(startPos);
            if (!t.hasTag(IDENT) && !t.hasTag(SELECT)) {
                log.error(t.pos(), "try.with.resources.expr.needs.var");
            }

            return t;
        }
    }

    
CompilationUnit = [ { "@" Annotation } PACKAGE Qualident ";"] {ImportDeclaration} {TypeDeclaration}
/** CompilationUnit = [ { "@" Annotation } PACKAGE Qualident ";"] {ImportDeclaration} {TypeDeclaration}
     */
    public JCTree.JCCompilationUnit parseCompilationUnit() {
        Token firstToken = token;
        JCModifiers mods = null;
        boolean consumedToplevelDoc = false;
        boolean seenImport = false;
        boolean seenPackage = false;
        ListBuffer<JCTree> defs = new ListBuffer<>();
        if (token.kind == MONKEYS_AT)
            mods = modifiersOpt();

        if (token.kind == PACKAGE) {
            int packagePos = token.pos;
            List<JCAnnotation> annotations = List.nil();
            seenPackage = true;
            if (mods != null) {
                checkNoMods(mods.flags);
                annotations = mods.annotations;
                mods = null;
            }
            nextToken();
            JCExpression pid = qualident(false);
            accept(SEMI);
            JCPackageDecl pd = F.at(packagePos).PackageDecl(annotations, pid);
            attach(pd, firstToken.comment(CommentStyle.JAVADOC));
            consumedToplevelDoc = true;
            storeEnd(pd, token.pos);
            defs.append(pd);
        }

        boolean checkForImports = true;
        boolean firstTypeDecl = true;
        while (token.kind != EOF) {
            if (token.pos <= endPosTable.errorEndPos) {
                // error recovery
                skip(checkForImports, false, false, false);
                if (token.kind == EOF)
                    break;
            }
            if (checkForImports && mods == null && token.kind == IMPORT) {
                seenImport = true;
                defs.append(importDeclaration());
            } else {
                Comment docComment = token.comment(CommentStyle.JAVADOC);
                if (firstTypeDecl && !seenImport && !seenPackage) {
                    docComment = firstToken.comment(CommentStyle.JAVADOC);
                    consumedToplevelDoc = true;
                }
                if (mods != null || token.kind != SEMI)
                    mods = modifiersOpt(mods);
                if (firstTypeDecl && token.kind == IDENTIFIER) {
                    ModuleKind kind = ModuleKind.STRONG;
                    if (token.name() == names.open) {
                        kind = ModuleKind.OPEN;
                        nextToken();
                    }
                    if (token.kind == IDENTIFIER && token.name() == names.module) {
                        if (mods != null) {
                            checkNoMods(mods.flags & ~Flags.DEPRECATED);
                        }
                        defs.append(moduleDecl(mods, kind, docComment));
                        consumedToplevelDoc = true;
                        break;
                    } else if (kind != ModuleKind.STRONG) {
                        reportSyntaxError(token.pos, "expected.module");
                    }
                }
                JCTree def = typeDeclaration(mods, docComment);
                if (def instanceof JCExpressionStatement)
                    def = ((JCExpressionStatement)def).expr;
                defs.append(def);
                if (def instanceof JCClassDecl)
                    checkForImports = false;
                mods = null;
                firstTypeDecl = false;
            }
        }
        JCTree.JCCompilationUnit toplevel = F.at(firstToken.pos).TopLevel(defs.toList());
        if (!consumedToplevelDoc)
            attach(toplevel, firstToken.comment(CommentStyle.JAVADOC));
        if (defs.isEmpty())
            storeEnd(toplevel, S.prevToken().endPos);
        if (keepDocComments)
            toplevel.docComments = docComments;
        if (keepLineMap)
            toplevel.lineMap = S.getLineMap();
        this.endPosTable.setParser(null); // remove reference to parser
        toplevel.endPositions = this.endPosTable;
        return toplevel;
    }

    JCModuleDecl moduleDecl(JCModifiers mods, ModuleKind kind, Comment dc) {
        int pos = token.pos;
        if (!allowModules) {
            log.error(pos, Errors.ModulesNotSupportedInSource(source.name));
            allowModules = true;
        }

        nextToken();
        JCExpression name = qualident(false);
        List<JCDirective> directives = null;

        accept(LBRACE);
        directives = moduleDirectiveList();
        accept(RBRACE);
        accept(EOF);

        JCModuleDecl result = toP(F.at(pos).ModuleDef(mods, kind, name, directives));
        attach(result, dc);
        return result;
    }

    List<JCDirective> moduleDirectiveList() {
        ListBuffer<JCDirective> defs = new ListBuffer<>();
        while (token.kind == IDENTIFIER) {
            int pos = token.pos;
            if (token.name() == names.requires) {
                nextToken();
                boolean isTransitive = false;
                boolean isStaticPhase = false;
            loop:
                while (true) {
                    switch (token.kind) {
                        case IDENTIFIER:
                            if (token.name() == names.transitive && !isTransitive) {
                                Token t1 = S.token(1);
                                if (t1.kind == SEMI || t1.kind == DOT) {
                                    break loop;
                                }
                                isTransitive = true;
                                break;
                            } else {
                                break loop;
                            }
                        case STATIC:
                            if (isStaticPhase) {
                                error(token.pos, "repeated.modifier");
                            }
                            isStaticPhase = true;
                            break;
                        default:
                            break loop;
                    }
                    nextToken();
                }
                JCExpression moduleName = qualident(false);
                accept(SEMI);
                defs.append(toP(F.at(pos).Requires(isTransitive, isStaticPhase, moduleName)));
            } else if (token.name() == names.exports || token.name() == names.opens) {
                boolean exports = token.name() == names.exports;
                nextToken();
                JCExpression pkgName = qualident(false);
                List<JCExpression> moduleNames = null;
                if (token.kind == IDENTIFIER && token.name() == names.to) {
                    nextToken();
                    moduleNames = qualidentList(false);
                }
                accept(SEMI);
                JCDirective d;
                if (exports) {
                    d = F.at(pos).Exports(pkgName, moduleNames);
                } else {
                    d = F.at(pos).Opens(pkgName, moduleNames);
                }
                defs.append(toP(d));
            } else if (token.name() == names.provides) {
                nextToken();
                JCExpression serviceName = qualident(false);
                if (token.kind == IDENTIFIER && token.name() == names.with) {
                    nextToken();
                    List<JCExpression> implNames = qualidentList(false);
                    accept(SEMI);
                    defs.append(toP(F.at(pos).Provides(serviceName, implNames)));
                } else {
                    error(token.pos, "expected", "'" + names.with + "'");
                    skip(false, false, false, false);
                }
            } else if (token.name() == names.uses) {
                nextToken();
                JCExpression service = qualident(false);
                accept(SEMI);
                defs.append(toP(F.at(pos).Uses(service)));
            } else {
                setErrorEndPos(pos);
                reportSyntaxError(pos, "invalid.module.directive");
                break;
            }
        }
        return defs.toList();
    }

    
ImportDeclaration = IMPORT [ STATIC ] Ident { "." Ident } [ "." "*" ] ";"
/** ImportDeclaration = IMPORT [ STATIC ] Ident { "." Ident } [ "." "*" ] ";"
     */
    protected JCTree importDeclaration() {
        int pos = token.pos;
        nextToken();
        boolean importStatic = false;
        if (token.kind == STATIC) {
            importStatic = true;
            nextToken();
        }
        JCExpression pid = toP(F.at(token.pos).Ident(ident()));
        do {
            int pos1 = token.pos;
            accept(DOT);
            if (token.kind == STAR) {
                pid = to(F.at(pos1).Select(pid, names.asterisk));
                nextToken();
                break;
            } else {
                pid = toP(F.at(pos1).Select(pid, ident()));
            }
        } while (token.kind == DOT);
        accept(SEMI);
        return toP(F.at(pos).Import(pid, importStatic));
    }

    
TypeDeclaration = ClassOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration
                 | ";"
/** TypeDeclaration = ClassOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration
     *                  | ";"
     */
    JCTree typeDeclaration(JCModifiers mods, Comment docComment) {
        int pos = token.pos;
        if (mods == null && token.kind == SEMI) {
            nextToken();
            return toP(F.at(pos).Skip());
        } else {
            return classOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration(modifiersOpt(mods), docComment);
        }
    }

    
ClassOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration = ModifiersOpt
          (ClassDeclaration | InterfaceDeclaration | EnumDeclaration)
 @param mods     Any modifiers starting the class or interface declaration
 @param dc       The documentation comment for the class, or null.
/** ClassOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration = ModifiersOpt
     *           (ClassDeclaration | InterfaceDeclaration | EnumDeclaration)
     *  @param mods     Any modifiers starting the class or interface declaration
     *  @param dc       The documentation comment for the class, or null.
     */
    protected JCStatement classOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration(JCModifiers mods, Comment dc) {
        if (token.kind == CLASS) {
            return classDeclaration(mods, dc);
        } else if (token.kind == INTERFACE) {
            return interfaceDeclaration(mods, dc);
        } else if (token.kind == ENUM) {
            return enumDeclaration(mods, dc);
        } else {
            int pos = token.pos;
            List<JCTree> errs;
            if (LAX_IDENTIFIER.accepts(token.kind)) {
                errs = List.of(mods, toP(F.at(pos).Ident(ident())));
                setErrorEndPos(token.pos);
            } else {
                errs = List.of(mods);
            }
            final JCErroneous erroneousTree;
            if (parseModuleInfo) {
                erroneousTree = syntaxError(pos, errs, "expected.module.or.open");
            } else {
                erroneousTree = syntaxError(pos, errs, "expected3", CLASS, INTERFACE, ENUM);
            }
            return toP(F.Exec(erroneousTree));
        }
    }

    
ClassDeclaration = CLASS Ident TypeParametersOpt [EXTENDS Type]
                    [IMPLEMENTS TypeList] ClassBody
 @param mods    The modifiers starting the class declaration
 @param dc       The documentation comment for the class, or null.
/** ClassDeclaration = CLASS Ident TypeParametersOpt [EXTENDS Type]
     *                     [IMPLEMENTS TypeList] ClassBody
     *  @param mods    The modifiers starting the class declaration
     *  @param dc       The documentation comment for the class, or null.
     */
    protected JCClassDecl classDeclaration(JCModifiers mods, Comment dc) {
        int pos = token.pos;
        accept(CLASS);
        Name name = ident();

        List<JCTypeParameter> typarams = typeParametersOpt();

        JCExpression extending = null;
        if (token.kind == EXTENDS) {
            nextToken();
            extending = parseType();
        }
        List<JCExpression> implementing = List.nil();
        if (token.kind == IMPLEMENTS) {
            nextToken();
            implementing = typeList();
        }
        List<JCTree> defs = classOrInterfaceBody(name, false);
        JCClassDecl result = toP(F.at(pos).ClassDef(
            mods, name, typarams, extending, implementing, defs));
        attach(result, dc);
        return result;
    }

    
InterfaceDeclaration = INTERFACE Ident TypeParametersOpt
                        [EXTENDS TypeList] InterfaceBody
 @param mods    The modifiers starting the interface declaration
 @param dc       The documentation comment for the interface, or null.
/** InterfaceDeclaration = INTERFACE Ident TypeParametersOpt
     *                         [EXTENDS TypeList] InterfaceBody
     *  @param mods    The modifiers starting the interface declaration
     *  @param dc       The documentation comment for the interface, or null.
     */
    protected JCClassDecl interfaceDeclaration(JCModifiers mods, Comment dc) {
        int pos = token.pos;
        accept(INTERFACE);
        Name name = ident();

        List<JCTypeParameter> typarams = typeParametersOpt();

        List<JCExpression> extending = List.nil();
        if (token.kind == EXTENDS) {
            nextToken();
            extending = typeList();
        }
        List<JCTree> defs = classOrInterfaceBody(name, true);
        JCClassDecl result = toP(F.at(pos).ClassDef(
            mods, name, typarams, null, extending, defs));
        attach(result, dc);
        return result;
    }

    
EnumDeclaration = ENUM Ident [IMPLEMENTS TypeList] EnumBody
 @param mods    The modifiers starting the enum declaration
 @param dc       The documentation comment for the enum, or null.
/** EnumDeclaration = ENUM Ident [IMPLEMENTS TypeList] EnumBody
     *  @param mods    The modifiers starting the enum declaration
     *  @param dc       The documentation comment for the enum, or null.
     */
    protected JCClassDecl enumDeclaration(JCModifiers mods, Comment dc) {
        int pos = token.pos;
        accept(ENUM);
        Name name = ident();

        List<JCExpression> implementing = List.nil();
        if (token.kind == IMPLEMENTS) {
            nextToken();
            implementing = typeList();
        }

        List<JCTree> defs = enumBody(name);
        mods.flags |= Flags.ENUM;
        JCClassDecl result = toP(F.at(pos).
            ClassDef(mods, name, List.nil(),
                     null, implementing, defs));
        attach(result, dc);
        return result;
    }

    
EnumBody = "{" { EnumeratorDeclarationList } [","]
                 [ ";" {ClassBodyDeclaration} ] "}"
/** EnumBody = "{" { EnumeratorDeclarationList } [","]
     *                  [ ";" {ClassBodyDeclaration} ] "}"
     */
    List<JCTree> enumBody(Name enumName) {
        accept(LBRACE);
        ListBuffer<JCTree> defs = new ListBuffer<>();
        if (token.kind == COMMA) {
            nextToken();
        } else if (token.kind != RBRACE && token.kind != SEMI) {
            defs.append(enumeratorDeclaration(enumName));
            while (token.kind == COMMA) {
                nextToken();
                if (token.kind == RBRACE || token.kind == SEMI) break;
                defs.append(enumeratorDeclaration(enumName));
            }
            if (token.kind != SEMI && token.kind != RBRACE) {
                defs.append(syntaxError(token.pos, "expected3",
                                COMMA, RBRACE, SEMI));
                nextToken();
            }
        }
        if (token.kind == SEMI) {
            nextToken();
            while (token.kind != RBRACE && token.kind != EOF) {
                defs.appendList(classOrInterfaceBodyDeclaration(enumName,
                                                                false));
                if (token.pos <= endPosTable.errorEndPos) {
                    // error recovery
                   skip(false, true, true, false);
                }
            }
        }
        accept(RBRACE);
        return defs.toList();
    }

    
EnumeratorDeclaration = AnnotationsOpt [TypeArguments] IDENTIFIER [ Arguments ] [ "{" ClassBody "}" ]
/** EnumeratorDeclaration = AnnotationsOpt [TypeArguments] IDENTIFIER [ Arguments ] [ "{" ClassBody "}" ]
     */
    JCTree enumeratorDeclaration(Name enumName) {
        Comment dc = token.comment(CommentStyle.JAVADOC);
        int flags = Flags.PUBLIC|Flags.STATIC|Flags.FINAL|Flags.ENUM;
        if (token.deprecatedFlag()) {
            flags |= Flags.DEPRECATED;
        }
        int pos = token.pos;
        List<JCAnnotation> annotations = annotationsOpt(Tag.ANNOTATION);
        JCModifiers mods = F.at(annotations.isEmpty() ? Position.NOPOS : pos).Modifiers(flags, annotations);
        List<JCExpression> typeArgs = typeArgumentsOpt();
        int identPos = token.pos;
        Name name = ident();
        int createPos = token.pos;
        List<JCExpression> args = (token.kind == LPAREN)
            ? arguments() : List.nil();
        JCClassDecl body = null;
        if (token.kind == LBRACE) {
            JCModifiers mods1 = F.at(Position.NOPOS).Modifiers(Flags.ENUM);
            List<JCTree> defs = classOrInterfaceBody(names.empty, false);
            body = toP(F.at(identPos).AnonymousClassDef(mods1, defs));
        }
        if (args.isEmpty() && body == null)
            createPos = identPos;
        JCIdent ident = F.at(identPos).Ident(enumName);
        JCNewClass create = F.at(createPos).NewClass(null, typeArgs, ident, args, body);
        if (createPos != identPos)
            storeEnd(create, S.prevToken().endPos);
        ident = F.at(identPos).Ident(enumName);
        JCTree result = toP(F.at(pos).VarDef(mods, name, ident, create));
        attach(result, dc);
        return result;
    }

    
TypeList = Type {"," Type}
/** TypeList = Type {"," Type}
     */
    List<JCExpression> typeList() {
        ListBuffer<JCExpression> ts = new ListBuffer<>();
        ts.append(parseType());
        while (token.kind == COMMA) {
            nextToken();
            ts.append(parseType());
        }
        return ts.toList();
    }

    
ClassBody     = "{" {ClassBodyDeclaration} "}"
 InterfaceBody = "{" {InterfaceBodyDeclaration} "}"
/** ClassBody     = "{" {ClassBodyDeclaration} "}"
     *  InterfaceBody = "{" {InterfaceBodyDeclaration} "}"
     */
    List<JCTree> classOrInterfaceBody(Name className, boolean isInterface) {
        accept(LBRACE);
        if (token.pos <= endPosTable.errorEndPos) {
            // error recovery
            skip(false, true, false, false);
            if (token.kind == LBRACE)
                nextToken();
        }
        ListBuffer<JCTree> defs = new ListBuffer<>();
        while (token.kind != RBRACE && token.kind != EOF) {
            defs.appendList(classOrInterfaceBodyDeclaration(className, isInterface));
            if (token.pos <= endPosTable.errorEndPos) {
               // error recovery
               skip(false, true, true, false);
           }
        }
        accept(RBRACE);
        return defs.toList();
    }

    
ClassBodyDeclaration =
     ";"
   | [STATIC] Block
   | ModifiersOpt
     ( Type Ident
       ( VariableDeclaratorsRest ";" | MethodDeclaratorRest )
     | VOID Ident VoidMethodDeclaratorRest
     | TypeParameters [Annotations]
       ( Type Ident MethodDeclaratorRest
       | VOID Ident VoidMethodDeclaratorRest
       )
     | Ident ConstructorDeclaratorRest
     | TypeParameters Ident ConstructorDeclaratorRest
     | ClassOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration
     )
 InterfaceBodyDeclaration =
     ";"
   | ModifiersOpt
     ( Type Ident
       ( ConstantDeclaratorsRest ";" | MethodDeclaratorRest )
     | VOID Ident MethodDeclaratorRest
     | TypeParameters [Annotations]
       ( Type Ident MethodDeclaratorRest
       | VOID Ident VoidMethodDeclaratorRest
       )
     | ClassOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration
     )
/** ClassBodyDeclaration =
     *      ";"
     *    | [STATIC] Block
     *    | ModifiersOpt
     *      ( Type Ident
     *        ( VariableDeclaratorsRest ";" | MethodDeclaratorRest )
     *      | VOID Ident VoidMethodDeclaratorRest
     *      | TypeParameters [Annotations]
     *        ( Type Ident MethodDeclaratorRest
     *        | VOID Ident VoidMethodDeclaratorRest
     *        )
     *      | Ident ConstructorDeclaratorRest
     *      | TypeParameters Ident ConstructorDeclaratorRest
     *      | ClassOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration
     *      )
     *  InterfaceBodyDeclaration =
     *      ";"
     *    | ModifiersOpt
     *      ( Type Ident
     *        ( ConstantDeclaratorsRest ";" | MethodDeclaratorRest )
     *      | VOID Ident MethodDeclaratorRest
     *      | TypeParameters [Annotations]
     *        ( Type Ident MethodDeclaratorRest
     *        | VOID Ident VoidMethodDeclaratorRest
     *        )
     *      | ClassOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration
     *      )
     *
     */
    protected List<JCTree> classOrInterfaceBodyDeclaration(Name className, boolean isInterface) {
        if (token.kind == SEMI) {
            nextToken();
            return List.nil();
        } else {
            Comment dc = token.comment(CommentStyle.JAVADOC);
            int pos = token.pos;
            JCModifiers mods = modifiersOpt();
            if (token.kind == CLASS ||
                token.kind == INTERFACE ||
                token.kind == ENUM) {
                return List.of(classOrInterfaceOrEnumDeclaration(mods, dc));
            } else if (token.kind == LBRACE &&
                       (mods.flags & Flags.StandardFlags & ~Flags.STATIC) == 0 &&
                       mods.annotations.isEmpty()) {
                if (isInterface) {
                    error(token.pos, "initializer.not.allowed");
                }
                return List.of(block(pos, mods.flags));
            } else {
                pos = token.pos;
                List<JCTypeParameter> typarams = typeParametersOpt();
                // if there are type parameters but no modifiers, save the start
                // position of the method in the modifiers.
                if (typarams.nonEmpty() && mods.pos == Position.NOPOS) {
                    mods.pos = pos;
                    storeEnd(mods, pos);
                }
                List<JCAnnotation> annosAfterParams = annotationsOpt(Tag.ANNOTATION);

                if (annosAfterParams.nonEmpty()) {
                    checkAnnotationsAfterTypeParams(annosAfterParams.head.pos);
                    mods.annotations = mods.annotations.appendList(annosAfterParams);
                    if (mods.pos == Position.NOPOS)
                        mods.pos = mods.annotations.head.pos;
                }

                Token tk = token;
                pos = token.pos;
                JCExpression type;
                boolean isVoid = token.kind == VOID;
                if (isVoid) {
                    type = to(F.at(pos).TypeIdent(TypeTag.VOID));
                    nextToken();
                } else {
                    // method returns types are un-annotated types
                    type = unannotatedType();
                }
                if (token.kind == LPAREN && !isInterface && type.hasTag(IDENT)) {
                    if (isInterface || tk.name() != className)
                        error(pos, "invalid.meth.decl.ret.type.req");
                    else if (annosAfterParams.nonEmpty())
                        illegal(annosAfterParams.head.pos);
                    return List.of(methodDeclaratorRest(
                        pos, mods, null, names.init, typarams,
                        isInterface, true, dc));
                } else {
                    pos = token.pos;
                    Name name = ident();
                    if (token.kind == LPAREN) {
                        return List.of(methodDeclaratorRest(
                            pos, mods, type, name, typarams,
                            isInterface, isVoid, dc));
                    } else if (!isVoid && typarams.isEmpty()) {
                        List<JCTree> defs =
                            variableDeclaratorsRest(pos, mods, type, name, isInterface, dc,
                                                    new ListBuffer<JCTree>()).toList();
                        accept(SEMI);
                        storeEnd(defs.last(), S.prevToken().endPos);
                        return defs;
                    } else {
                        pos = token.pos;
                        List<JCTree> err = isVoid
                            ? List.of(toP(F.at(pos).MethodDef(mods, name, type, typarams,
                                List.nil(), List.nil(), null, null)))
                            : null;
                        return List.of(syntaxError(token.pos, err, "expected", LPAREN));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    
MethodDeclaratorRest =
     FormalParameters BracketsOpt [THROWS TypeList] ( MethodBody | [DEFAULT AnnotationValue] ";")
 VoidMethodDeclaratorRest =
     FormalParameters [THROWS TypeList] ( MethodBody | ";")
 ConstructorDeclaratorRest =
     "(" FormalParameterListOpt ")" [THROWS TypeList] MethodBody
/** MethodDeclaratorRest =
     *      FormalParameters BracketsOpt [THROWS TypeList] ( MethodBody | [DEFAULT AnnotationValue] ";")
     *  VoidMethodDeclaratorRest =
     *      FormalParameters [THROWS TypeList] ( MethodBody | ";")
     *  ConstructorDeclaratorRest =
     *      "(" FormalParameterListOpt ")" [THROWS TypeList] MethodBody
     */
    protected JCTree methodDeclaratorRest(int pos,
                              JCModifiers mods,
                              JCExpression type,
                              Name name,
                              List<JCTypeParameter> typarams,
                              boolean isInterface, boolean isVoid,
                              Comment dc) {
        if (isInterface) {
            if ((mods.flags & Flags.STATIC) != 0) {
                checkStaticInterfaceMethods();
            }
            if ((mods.flags & Flags.PRIVATE) != 0) {
                checkPrivateInterfaceMethods();
            }
        }
        JCVariableDecl prevReceiverParam = this.receiverParam;
        try {
            this.receiverParam = null;
            // Parsing formalParameters sets the receiverParam, if present
            List<JCVariableDecl> params = formalParameters();
            if (!isVoid) type = bracketsOpt(type);
            List<JCExpression> thrown = List.nil();
            if (token.kind == THROWS) {
                nextToken();
                thrown = qualidentList(true);
            }
            JCBlock body = null;
            JCExpression defaultValue;
            if (token.kind == LBRACE) {
                body = block();
                defaultValue = null;
            } else {
                if (token.kind == DEFAULT) {
                    accept(DEFAULT);
                    defaultValue = annotationValue();
                } else {
                    defaultValue = null;
                }
                accept(SEMI);
                if (token.pos <= endPosTable.errorEndPos) {
                    // error recovery
                    skip(false, true, false, false);
                    if (token.kind == LBRACE) {
                        body = block();
                    }
                }
            }

            JCMethodDecl result =
                    toP(F.at(pos).MethodDef(mods, name, type, typarams,
                                            receiverParam, params, thrown,
                                            body, defaultValue));
            attach(result, dc);
            return result;
        } finally {
            this.receiverParam = prevReceiverParam;
        }
    }

    
QualidentList = [Annotations] Qualident {"," [Annotations] Qualident}
/** QualidentList = [Annotations] Qualident {"," [Annotations] Qualident}
     */
    List<JCExpression> qualidentList(boolean allowAnnos) {
        ListBuffer<JCExpression> ts = new ListBuffer<>();

        List<JCAnnotation> typeAnnos = allowAnnos ? typeAnnotationsOpt() : List.nil();
        JCExpression qi = qualident(allowAnnos);
        if (!typeAnnos.isEmpty()) {
            JCExpression at = insertAnnotationsToMostInner(qi, typeAnnos, false);
            ts.append(at);
        } else {
            ts.append(qi);
        }
        while (token.kind == COMMA) {
            nextToken();

            typeAnnos = allowAnnos ? typeAnnotationsOpt() : List.nil();
            qi = qualident(allowAnnos);
            if (!typeAnnos.isEmpty()) {
                JCExpression at = insertAnnotationsToMostInner(qi, typeAnnos, false);
                ts.append(at);
            } else {
                ts.append(qi);
            }
        }
        return ts.toList();
    }

    

 TypeParametersOpt = ["<" TypeParameter {"," TypeParameter} ">"]
  /**
     *  {@literal
     *  TypeParametersOpt = ["<" TypeParameter {"," TypeParameter} ">"]
     *  }
     */
    protected List<JCTypeParameter> typeParametersOpt() {
        if (token.kind == LT) {
            ListBuffer<JCTypeParameter> typarams = new ListBuffer<>();
            nextToken();
            typarams.append(typeParameter());
            while (token.kind == COMMA) {
                nextToken();
                typarams.append(typeParameter());
            }
            accept(GT);
            return typarams.toList();
        } else {
            return List.nil();
        }
    }

    

 TypeParameter = [Annotations] TypeVariable [TypeParameterBound]
 TypeParameterBound = EXTENDS Type {"&" Type}
 TypeVariable = Ident
  /**
     *  {@literal
     *  TypeParameter = [Annotations] TypeVariable [TypeParameterBound]
     *  TypeParameterBound = EXTENDS Type {"&" Type}
     *  TypeVariable = Ident
     *  }
     */
    JCTypeParameter typeParameter() {
        int pos = token.pos;
        List<JCAnnotation> annos = typeAnnotationsOpt();
        Name name = ident();
        ListBuffer<JCExpression> bounds = new ListBuffer<>();
        if (token.kind == EXTENDS) {
            nextToken();
            bounds.append(parseType());
            while (token.kind == AMP) {
                nextToken();
                bounds.append(parseType());
            }
        }
        return toP(F.at(pos).TypeParameter(name, bounds.toList(), annos));
    }

    
FormalParameters = "(" [ FormalParameterList ] ")"
 FormalParameterList = [ FormalParameterListNovarargs , ] LastFormalParameter
 FormalParameterListNovarargs = [ FormalParameterListNovarargs , ] FormalParameter
/** FormalParameters = "(" [ FormalParameterList ] ")"
     *  FormalParameterList = [ FormalParameterListNovarargs , ] LastFormalParameter
     *  FormalParameterListNovarargs = [ FormalParameterListNovarargs , ] FormalParameter
     */
    List<JCVariableDecl> formalParameters() {
        return formalParameters(false);
    }
    List<JCVariableDecl> formalParameters(boolean lambdaParameters) {
        ListBuffer<JCVariableDecl> params = new ListBuffer<>();
        JCVariableDecl lastParam;
        accept(LPAREN);
        if (token.kind != RPAREN) {
            this.allowThisIdent = true;
            lastParam = formalParameter(lambdaParameters);
            if (lastParam.nameexpr != null) {
                this.receiverParam = lastParam;
            } else {
                params.append(lastParam);
            }
            this.allowThisIdent = false;
            while (token.kind == COMMA) {
                if ((lastParam.mods.flags & Flags.VARARGS) != 0) {
                    error(lastParam, "varargs.must.be.last");
                }
                nextToken();
                params.append(lastParam = formalParameter(lambdaParameters));
            }
        }
        if (token.kind == RPAREN) {
            nextToken();
        } else {
            setErrorEndPos(token.pos);
            reportSyntaxError(S.prevToken().endPos, "expected3", COMMA, RPAREN, LBRACKET);
        }
        return params.toList();
    }

    List<JCVariableDecl> implicitParameters(boolean hasParens) {
        if (hasParens) {
            accept(LPAREN);
        }
        ListBuffer<JCVariableDecl> params = new ListBuffer<>();
        if (token.kind != RPAREN && token.kind != ARROW) {
            params.append(implicitParameter());
            while (token.kind == COMMA) {
                nextToken();
                params.append(implicitParameter());
            }
        }
        if (hasParens) {
            accept(RPAREN);
        }
        return params.toList();
    }

    JCModifiers optFinal(long flags) {
        JCModifiers mods = modifiersOpt();
        checkNoMods(mods.flags & ~(Flags.FINAL | Flags.DEPRECATED));
        mods.flags |= flags;
        return mods;
    }

    
Inserts the annotations (and possibly a new array level) to the left-most type in an array or nested type. When parsing a type like @B Outer.Inner @A [], the @A annotation should target the array itself, while @B targets the nested type Outer. Currently the parser parses the annotation first, then the array, and then inserts the annotation to the left-most nested type. When createNewLevel is true, then a new array level is inserted as the most inner type, and have the annotations target it. This is useful in the case of varargs, e.g. String @A [] @B ..., as the parser first parses the type String @A [] then inserts a new array level with @B annotation. /**
     * Inserts the annotations (and possibly a new array level)
     * to the left-most type in an array or nested type.
     *
     * When parsing a type like {@code @B Outer.Inner @A []}, the
     * {@code @A} annotation should target the array itself, while
     * {@code @B} targets the nested type {@code Outer}.
     *
     * Currently the parser parses the annotation first, then
     * the array, and then inserts the annotation to the left-most
     * nested type.
     *
     * When {@code createNewLevel} is true, then a new array
     * level is inserted as the most inner type, and have the
     * annotations target it.  This is useful in the case of
     * varargs, e.g. {@code String @A [] @B ...}, as the parser
     * first parses the type {@code String @A []} then inserts
     * a new array level with {@code @B} annotation.
     */
    private JCExpression insertAnnotationsToMostInner(
            JCExpression type, List<JCAnnotation> annos,
            boolean createNewLevel) {
        int origEndPos = getEndPos(type);
        JCExpression mostInnerType = type;
        JCArrayTypeTree mostInnerArrayType = null;
        while (TreeInfo.typeIn(mostInnerType).hasTag(TYPEARRAY)) {
            mostInnerArrayType = (JCArrayTypeTree) TreeInfo.typeIn(mostInnerType);
            mostInnerType = mostInnerArrayType.elemtype;
        }

        if (createNewLevel) {
            mostInnerType = to(F.at(token.pos).TypeArray(mostInnerType));
        }

        JCExpression mostInnerTypeToReturn = mostInnerType;
        if (annos.nonEmpty()) {
            JCExpression lastToModify = mostInnerType;

            while (TreeInfo.typeIn(mostInnerType).hasTag(SELECT) ||
                    TreeInfo.typeIn(mostInnerType).hasTag(TYPEAPPLY)) {
                while (TreeInfo.typeIn(mostInnerType).hasTag(SELECT)) {
                    lastToModify = mostInnerType;
                    mostInnerType = ((JCFieldAccess) TreeInfo.typeIn(mostInnerType)).getExpression();
                }
                while (TreeInfo.typeIn(mostInnerType).hasTag(TYPEAPPLY)) {
                    lastToModify = mostInnerType;
                    mostInnerType = ((JCTypeApply) TreeInfo.typeIn(mostInnerType)).clazz;
                }
            }

            mostInnerType = F.at(annos.head.pos).AnnotatedType(annos, mostInnerType);

            if (TreeInfo.typeIn(lastToModify).hasTag(TYPEAPPLY)) {
                ((JCTypeApply) TreeInfo.typeIn(lastToModify)).clazz = mostInnerType;
            } else if (TreeInfo.typeIn(lastToModify).hasTag(SELECT)) {
                ((JCFieldAccess) TreeInfo.typeIn(lastToModify)).selected = mostInnerType;
            } else {
                // We never saw a SELECT or TYPEAPPLY, return the annotated type.
                mostInnerTypeToReturn = mostInnerType;
            }
        }

        if (mostInnerArrayType == null) {
            return mostInnerTypeToReturn;
        } else {
            mostInnerArrayType.elemtype = mostInnerTypeToReturn;
            storeEnd(type, origEndPos);
            return type;
        }
    }

    
FormalParameter = { FINAL | '@' Annotation } Type VariableDeclaratorId
 LastFormalParameter = { FINAL | '@' Annotation } Type '...' Ident | FormalParameter
/** FormalParameter = { FINAL | '@' Annotation } Type VariableDeclaratorId
     *  LastFormalParameter = { FINAL | '@' Annotation } Type '...' Ident | FormalParameter
     */
    protected JCVariableDecl formalParameter() {
        return formalParameter(false);
    }
    protected JCVariableDecl formalParameter(boolean lambdaParameter) {
        JCModifiers mods = optFinal(Flags.PARAMETER);
        // need to distinguish between vararg annos and array annos
        // look at typeAnnotationsPushedBack comment
        this.permitTypeAnnotationsPushBack = true;
        JCExpression type = parseType();
        this.permitTypeAnnotationsPushBack = false;

        if (token.kind == ELLIPSIS) {
            List<JCAnnotation> varargsAnnos = typeAnnotationsPushedBack;
            typeAnnotationsPushedBack = List.nil();
            mods.flags |= Flags.VARARGS;
            // insert var arg type annotations
            type = insertAnnotationsToMostInner(type, varargsAnnos, true);
            nextToken();
        } else {
            // if not a var arg, then typeAnnotationsPushedBack should be null
            if (typeAnnotationsPushedBack.nonEmpty()) {
                reportSyntaxError(typeAnnotationsPushedBack.head.pos,
                        "illegal.start.of.type");
            }
            typeAnnotationsPushedBack = List.nil();
        }
        return variableDeclaratorId(mods, type, lambdaParameter);
    }

    protected JCVariableDecl implicitParameter() {
        JCModifiers mods = F.at(token.pos).Modifiers(Flags.PARAMETER);
        return variableDeclaratorId(mods, null, true);
    }

/* ---------- auxiliary methods -------------- */

    void error(int pos, String key, Object ... args) {
        log.error(DiagnosticFlag.SYNTAX, pos, key, args);
    }

    void error(DiagnosticPosition pos, String key, Object ... args) {
        log.error(DiagnosticFlag.SYNTAX, pos, key, args);
    }

    void warning(int pos, String key, Object ... args) {
        log.warning(pos, key, args);
    }

    
Check that given tree is a legal expression statement.
/** Check that given tree is a legal expression statement.
     */
    protected JCExpression checkExprStat(JCExpression t) {
        if (!TreeInfo.isExpressionStatement(t)) {
            JCExpression ret = F.at(t.pos).Erroneous(List.<JCTree>of(t));
            error(ret, "not.stmt");
            return ret;
        } else {
            return t;
        }
    }

    
Return precedence of operator represented by token,
 -1 if token is not a binary operator. @see TreeInfo.opPrec
/** Return precedence of operator represented by token,
     *  -1 if token is not a binary operator. @see TreeInfo.opPrec
     */
    static int prec(TokenKind token) {
        JCTree.Tag oc = optag(token);
        return (oc != NO_TAG) ? TreeInfo.opPrec(oc) : -1;
    }

    
Return the lesser of two positions, making allowance for either one
being unset.
/**
     * Return the lesser of two positions, making allowance for either one
     * being unset.
     */
    static int earlier(int pos1, int pos2) {
        if (pos1 == Position.NOPOS)
            return pos2;
        if (pos2 == Position.NOPOS)
            return pos1;
        return (pos1 < pos2 ? pos1 : pos2);
    }

    
Return operation tag of binary operator represented by token,
 No_TAG if token is not a binary operator.
/** Return operation tag of binary operator represented by token,
     *  No_TAG if token is not a binary operator.
     */
    static JCTree.Tag optag(TokenKind token) {
        switch (token) {
        case BARBAR:
            return OR;
        case AMPAMP:
            return AND;
        case BAR:
            return BITOR;
        case BAREQ:
            return BITOR_ASG;
        case CARET:
            return BITXOR;
        case CARETEQ:
            return BITXOR_ASG;
        case AMP:
            return BITAND;
        case AMPEQ:
            return BITAND_ASG;
        case EQEQ:
            return JCTree.Tag.EQ;
        case BANGEQ:
            return NE;
        case LT:
            return JCTree.Tag.LT;
        case GT:
            return JCTree.Tag.GT;
        case LTEQ:
            return LE;
        case GTEQ:
            return GE;
        case LTLT:
            return SL;
        case LTLTEQ:
            return SL_ASG;
        case GTGT:
            return SR;
        case GTGTEQ:
            return SR_ASG;
        case GTGTGT:
            return USR;
        case GTGTGTEQ:
            return USR_ASG;
        case PLUS:
            return JCTree.Tag.PLUS;
        case PLUSEQ:
            return PLUS_ASG;
        case SUB:
            return MINUS;
        case SUBEQ:
            return MINUS_ASG;
        case STAR:
            return MUL;
        case STAREQ:
            return MUL_ASG;
        case SLASH:
            return DIV;
        case SLASHEQ:
            return DIV_ASG;
        case PERCENT:
            return MOD;
        case PERCENTEQ:
            return MOD_ASG;
        case INSTANCEOF:
            return TYPETEST;
        default:
            return NO_TAG;
        }
    }

    
Return operation tag of unary operator represented by token,
 No_TAG if token is not a binary operator.
/** Return operation tag of unary operator represented by token,
     *  No_TAG if token is not a binary operator.
     */
    static JCTree.Tag unoptag(TokenKind token) {
        switch (token) {
        case PLUS:
            return POS;
        case SUB:
            return NEG;
        case BANG:
            return NOT;
        case TILDE:
            return COMPL;
        case PLUSPLUS:
            return PREINC;
        case SUBSUB:
            return PREDEC;
        default:
            return NO_TAG;
        }
    }

    
Return type tag of basic type represented by token,
 NONE if token is not a basic type identifier.
/** Return type tag of basic type represented by token,
     *  NONE if token is not a basic type identifier.
     */
    static TypeTag typetag(TokenKind token) {
        switch (token) {
        case BYTE:
            return TypeTag.BYTE;
        case CHAR:
            return TypeTag.CHAR;
        case SHORT:
            return TypeTag.SHORT;
        case INT:
            return TypeTag.INT;
        case LONG:
            return TypeTag.LONG;
        case FLOAT:
            return TypeTag.FLOAT;
        case DOUBLE:
            return TypeTag.DOUBLE;
        case BOOLEAN:
            return TypeTag.BOOLEAN;
        default:
            return TypeTag.NONE;
        }
    }

    void checkDiamond() {
        if (!allowDiamond) {
            log.error(DiagnosticFlag.SOURCE_LEVEL, token.pos, "diamond.not.supported.in.source", source.name);
        }
    }
    void checkMulticatch() {
        if (!allowMulticatch) {
            log.error(DiagnosticFlag.SOURCE_LEVEL, token.pos, "multicatch.not.supported.in.source", source.name);
        }
    }
    void checkTryWithResources() {
        if (!allowTWR) {
            log.error(DiagnosticFlag.SOURCE_LEVEL, token.pos, "try.with.resources.not.supported.in.source", source.name);
        }
    }
    void checkVariableInTryWithResources(int startPos) {
        if (!allowEffectivelyFinalVariablesInTWR) {
            log.error(DiagnosticFlag.SOURCE_LEVEL, startPos, "var.in.try.with.resources.not.supported.in.source", source.name);
        }
    }
    void checkLambda() {
        if (!allowLambda) {
            log.error(DiagnosticFlag.SOURCE_LEVEL, token.pos, "lambda.not.supported.in.source", source.name);
        }
    }
    void checkMethodReferences() {
        if (!allowMethodReferences) {
            log.error(DiagnosticFlag.SOURCE_LEVEL, token.pos, "method.references.not.supported.in.source", source.name);
        }
    }
    void checkDefaultMethods() {
        if (!allowDefaultMethods) {
            log.error(DiagnosticFlag.SOURCE_LEVEL, token.pos, "default.methods.not.supported.in.source", source.name);
        }
    }
    void checkIntersectionTypesInCast() {
        if (!allowIntersectionTypesInCast) {
            log.error(DiagnosticFlag.SOURCE_LEVEL, token.pos, "intersection.types.in.cast.not.supported.in.source", source.name);
        }
    }
    void checkStaticInterfaceMethods() {
        if (!allowStaticInterfaceMethods) {
            log.error(DiagnosticFlag.SOURCE_LEVEL, token.pos, "static.intf.methods.not.supported.in.source", source.name);
        }
    }
    void checkTypeAnnotations() {
        if (!allowTypeAnnotations) {
            log.error(DiagnosticFlag.SOURCE_LEVEL, token.pos, "type.annotations.not.supported.in.source", source.name);
        }
    }
    void checkPrivateInterfaceMethods() {
        if (!allowPrivateInterfaceMethods) {
            log.error(DiagnosticFlag.SOURCE_LEVEL, token.pos, CompilerProperties.Errors.PrivateIntfMethodsNotSupportedInSource(source.name));
        }
    }
    protected void checkAnnotationsAfterTypeParams(int pos) {
        if (!allowAnnotationsAfterTypeParams) {
            log.error(DiagnosticFlag.SOURCE_LEVEL, pos, "annotations.after.type.params.not.supported.in.source", source.name);
        }
    }

    /*
     * a functional source tree and end position mappings
     */
    protected static class SimpleEndPosTable extends AbstractEndPosTable {

        private final IntHashTable endPosMap;

        SimpleEndPosTable(JavacParser parser) {
            super(parser);
            endPosMap = new IntHashTable();
        }

        public void storeEnd(JCTree tree, int endpos) {
            endPosMap.putAtIndex(tree, errorEndPos > endpos ? errorEndPos : endpos,
                                 endPosMap.lookup(tree));
        }

        protected <T extends JCTree> T to(T t) {
            storeEnd(t, parser.token.endPos);
            return t;
        }

        protected <T extends JCTree> T toP(T t) {
            storeEnd(t, parser.S.prevToken().endPos);
            return t;
        }

        public int getEndPos(JCTree tree) {
            int value = endPosMap.getFromIndex(endPosMap.lookup(tree));
            // As long as Position.NOPOS==-1, this just returns value.
            return (value == -1) ? Position.NOPOS : value;
        }

        public int replaceTree(JCTree oldTree, JCTree newTree) {
            int pos = endPosMap.remove(oldTree);
            if (pos != -1) {
                storeEnd(newTree, pos);
                return pos;
            }
            return Position.NOPOS;
        }
    }

    /*
     * a default skeletal implementation without any mapping overhead.
     */
    protected static class EmptyEndPosTable extends AbstractEndPosTable {

        EmptyEndPosTable(JavacParser parser) {
            super(parser);
        }

        public void storeEnd(JCTree tree, int endpos) { /* empty */ }

        protected <T extends JCTree> T to(T t) {
            return t;
        }

        protected <T extends JCTree> T toP(T t) {
            return t;
        }

        public int getEndPos(JCTree tree) {
            return Position.NOPOS;
        }

        public int replaceTree(JCTree oldTree, JCTree newTree) {
            return Position.NOPOS;
        }

    }

    protected static abstract class AbstractEndPosTable implements EndPosTable {
        
The current parser.
/**
         * The current parser.
         */
        protected JavacParser parser;

        
Store the last error position.
/**
         * Store the last error position.
         */
        public int errorEndPos = Position.NOPOS;

        public AbstractEndPosTable(JavacParser parser) {
            this.parser = parser;
        }

        
Store current token's ending position for a tree, the value of which
will be the greater of last error position and the ending position of
the current token.
Params:
t – The tree./**
         * Store current token's ending position for a tree, the value of which
         * will be the greater of last error position and the ending position of
         * the current token.
         * @param t The tree.
         */
        protected abstract <T extends JCTree> T to(T t);

        
Store current token's ending position for a tree, the value of which
will be the greater of last error position and the ending position of
the previous token.
Params:
t – The tree./**
         * Store current token's ending position for a tree, the value of which
         * will be the greater of last error position and the ending position of
         * the previous token.
         * @param t The tree.
         */
        protected abstract <T extends JCTree> T toP(T t);

        
Set the error position during the parsing phases, the value of which
will be set only if it is greater than the last stored error position.
Params:
errPos – The error position/**
         * Set the error position during the parsing phases, the value of which
         * will be set only if it is greater than the last stored error position.
         * @param errPos The error position
         */
        public void setErrorEndPos(int errPos) {
            if (errPos > errorEndPos) {
                errorEndPos = errPos;
            }
        }

        public void setParser(JavacParser parser) {
            this.parser = parser;
        }
    }
}