/*
 * Copyright (c) 2003, 2020 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 *
 * This program and the accompanying materials are made available under the
 * terms of the Eclipse Distribution License v. 1.0, which is available at
 * http://www.eclipse.org/org/documents/edl-v10.php.
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: BSD-3-Clause
 */

package jakarta.xml.bind;

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.net.URL;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.PrivilegedActionException;
import java.security.PrivilegedExceptionAction;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Properties;
import java.util.logging.ConsoleHandler;
import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;


This class is package private and therefore is not exposed as part of the
Jakarta XML Binding API.
This code is designed to implement the JAXB 1.0 spec pluggability feature
Author:
Ryan Shoemaker, Sun Microsystems, Inc.
See Also:
JAXBContext/**
 * This class is package private and therefore is not exposed as part of the
 * Jakarta XML Binding API.
 *
 * This code is designed to implement the JAXB 1.0 spec pluggability feature
 *
 * @author <ul><li>Ryan Shoemaker, Sun Microsystems, Inc.</li></ul>
 * @see JAXBContext
 */
class ContextFinder {

    // previous value of JAXBContext.JAXB_CONTEXT_FACTORY, using also this to ensure backwards compatibility
    private static final String JAXB_CONTEXT_FACTORY_DEPRECATED = "jakarta.xml.bind.context.factory";

    private static final Logger logger;

    static {
        logger = Logger.getLogger("jakarta.xml.bind");
        try {
            if (AccessController.doPrivileged(new GetPropertyAction("jaxb.debug")) != null) {
                // disconnect the logger from a bigger framework (if any)
                // and take the matters into our own hands
                logger.setUseParentHandlers(false);
                logger.setLevel(Level.ALL);
                ConsoleHandler handler = new ConsoleHandler();
                handler.setLevel(Level.ALL);
                logger.addHandler(handler);
            } else {
                // don't change the setting of this logger
                // to honor what other frameworks
                // have done on configurations.
            }
        } catch (Throwable t) {
            // just to be extra safe. in particular System.getProperty may throw
            // SecurityException.
        }
    }

    private static ServiceLoaderUtil.ExceptionHandler<JAXBException> EXCEPTION_HANDLER =
            new ServiceLoaderUtil.ExceptionHandler<JAXBException>() {
                @Override
                public JAXBException createException(Throwable throwable, String message) {
                    return new JAXBException(message, throwable);
                }
            };

    
If the InvocationTargetException wraps an exception that shouldn't be wrapped, throw the wrapped exception. Otherwise returns exception to be wrapped for further processing. /**
     * If the {@link InvocationTargetException} wraps an exception that shouldn't be wrapped,
     * throw the wrapped exception. Otherwise returns exception to be wrapped for further processing.
     */
    private static Throwable handleInvocationTargetException(InvocationTargetException x) throws JAXBException {
        Throwable t = x.getTargetException();
        if (t != null) {
            if (t instanceof JAXBException)
                // one of our exceptions, just re-throw
                throw (JAXBException) t;
            if (t instanceof RuntimeException)
                // avoid wrapping exceptions unnecessarily
                throw (RuntimeException) t;
            if (t instanceof Error)
                throw (Error) t;
            return t;
        }
        return x;
    }


    
Determine if two types (JAXBContext in this case) will generate a ClassCastException.
For example, (targetType)originalType
Params:
originalType – 
         The Class object of the type being cast
targetType – 
         The Class object of the type that is being cast to
Returns:
JAXBException to be thrown./**
     * Determine if two types (JAXBContext in this case) will generate a ClassCastException.
     *
     * For example, (targetType)originalType
     *
     * @param originalType
     *          The Class object of the type being cast
     * @param targetType
     *          The Class object of the type that is being cast to
     * @return JAXBException to be thrown.
     */
    private static JAXBException handleClassCastException(Class originalType, Class targetType) {
        final URL targetTypeURL = which(targetType);

        return new JAXBException(Messages.format(Messages.ILLEGAL_CAST,
                // we don't care where the impl class is, we want to know where JAXBContext lives in the impl
                // class' ClassLoader
                getClassClassLoader(originalType).getResource("jakarta/xml/bind/JAXBContext.class"),
                targetTypeURL));
    }

    
Create an instance of a class using the specified ClassLoader
/**
     * Create an instance of a class using the specified ClassLoader
     */
    static JAXBContext newInstance(String contextPath,
                                   Class[] contextPathClasses,
                                   String className,
                                   ClassLoader classLoader,
                                   Map properties) throws JAXBException {

        try {
            Class spFactory = ServiceLoaderUtil.safeLoadClass(className, ModuleUtil.DEFAULT_FACTORY_CLASS, classLoader);
            return newInstance(contextPath, contextPathClasses, spFactory, classLoader, properties);
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException x) {
            throw new JAXBException(Messages.format(Messages.DEFAULT_PROVIDER_NOT_FOUND), x);

        } catch (RuntimeException | JAXBException x) {
            // avoid wrapping RuntimeException to JAXBException,
            // because it indicates a bug in this code.
            // JAXBException re-thrown as is
            throw x;
        } catch (Exception x) {
            // can't catch JAXBException because the method is hidden behind
            // reflection.  Root element collisions detected in the call to
            // createContext() are reported as JAXBExceptions - just re-throw it
            // some other type of exception - just wrap it
            throw new JAXBException(Messages.format(Messages.COULD_NOT_INSTANTIATE, className, x), x);
        }
    }

    static JAXBContext newInstance(String contextPath,
                                   Class[] contextPathClasses,
                                   Class spFactory,
                                   ClassLoader classLoader,
                                   Map properties) throws JAXBException {

        try {

            ModuleUtil.delegateAddOpensToImplModule(contextPathClasses, spFactory);

            /*
             * jakarta.xml.bind.context.factory points to a class which has a
             * static method called 'createContext' that
             * returns a jakarta.xml.bind.JAXBContext.
             */

            Object context = null;

            // first check the method that takes Map as the third parameter.
            // this is added in 2.0.
            try {
                Method m = spFactory.getMethod("createContext", String.class, ClassLoader.class, Map.class);
                // any failure in invoking this method would be considered fatal
                Object obj = instantiateProviderIfNecessary(spFactory);
                context = m.invoke(obj, contextPath, classLoader, properties);
            } catch (NoSuchMethodException ignored) {
                // it's not an error for the provider not to have this method.
            }

            if (context == null) {
                // try the old method that doesn't take properties. compatible with 1.0.
                // it is an error for an implementation not to have both forms of the createContext method.
                Method m = spFactory.getMethod("createContext", String.class, ClassLoader.class);
                Object obj = instantiateProviderIfNecessary(spFactory);
                // any failure in invoking this method would be considered fatal
                context = m.invoke(obj, contextPath, classLoader);
            }

            if (!(context instanceof JAXBContext)) {
                // the cast would fail, so generate an exception with a nice message
                throw handleClassCastException(context.getClass(), JAXBContext.class);
            }

            return (JAXBContext) context;
        } catch (InvocationTargetException x) {
            // throw if it is exception not to be wrapped
            // otherwise, wrap with a JAXBException
            Throwable e = handleInvocationTargetException(x);
            throw new JAXBException(Messages.format(Messages.COULD_NOT_INSTANTIATE, spFactory, e), e);

        } catch (Exception x) {
            // can't catch JAXBException because the method is hidden behind
            // reflection.  Root element collisions detected in the call to
            // createContext() are reported as JAXBExceptions - just re-throw it
            // some other type of exception - just wrap it
            throw new JAXBException(Messages.format(Messages.COULD_NOT_INSTANTIATE, spFactory, x), x);
        }
    }

    private static Object instantiateProviderIfNecessary(final Class<?> implClass) throws JAXBException {
        try {
            if (JAXBContextFactory.class.isAssignableFrom(implClass)) {
                return AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction<Object>() {
                    @Override
                    public Object run() throws Exception {
                        return implClass.newInstance();
                    }
                });
            }
            return null;
        } catch (PrivilegedActionException x) {
            Throwable e = (x.getCause() == null) ? x : x.getCause();
            throw new JAXBException(Messages.format(Messages.COULD_NOT_INSTANTIATE, implClass, e), e);
        }
    }

    
Create an instance of a class using the thread context ClassLoader
/**
     * Create an instance of a class using the thread context ClassLoader
     */
    static JAXBContext newInstance(Class[] classes, Map properties, String className) throws JAXBException {

        Class spi;
        try {
            spi = ServiceLoaderUtil.safeLoadClass(className, ModuleUtil.DEFAULT_FACTORY_CLASS, getContextClassLoader());
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            throw new JAXBException(Messages.format(Messages.DEFAULT_PROVIDER_NOT_FOUND), e);
        }

        if (logger.isLoggable(Level.FINE)) {
            // extra check to avoid costly which operation if not logged
            logger.log(Level.FINE, "loaded {0} from {1}", new Object[]{className, which(spi)});
        }

        return newInstance(classes, properties, spi);
    }

    static JAXBContext newInstance(Class[] classes,
                                   Map properties,
                                   Class spFactory) throws JAXBException {
        try {
            ModuleUtil.delegateAddOpensToImplModule(classes,  spFactory);

            Method m = spFactory.getMethod("createContext", Class[].class, Map.class);
            Object obj = instantiateProviderIfNecessary(spFactory);
            Object context = m.invoke(obj, classes, properties);
            if (!(context instanceof JAXBContext)) {
                // the cast would fail, so generate an exception with a nice message
                throw handleClassCastException(context.getClass(), JAXBContext.class);
            }
            return (JAXBContext) context;

        } catch (NoSuchMethodException | IllegalAccessException e) {
            throw new JAXBException(e);
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            // throw if it is exception not to be wrapped
            // otherwise, wrap with a JAXBException
            Throwable x = handleInvocationTargetException(e);

            throw new JAXBException(x);
        }
    }

    static JAXBContext find(String factoryId,
                            String contextPath,
                            ClassLoader classLoader,
                            Map properties) throws JAXBException {

        if (contextPath == null || contextPath.isEmpty()) {
            // no context is specified
            throw new JAXBException(Messages.format(Messages.NO_PACKAGE_IN_CONTEXTPATH));
        }

        //ModuleUtil is mr-jar class, scans context path for jaxb classes on jdk9 and higher
        Class[] contextPathClasses = ModuleUtil.getClassesFromContextPath(contextPath, classLoader);

        //first try with classloader#getResource
        String factoryClassName = jaxbProperties(contextPath, classLoader, factoryId);
        if (factoryClassName == null && contextPathClasses != null) {
            //try with class#getResource
            factoryClassName = jaxbProperties(contextPathClasses, factoryId);
        }

        if (factoryClassName != null) {
            return newInstance(contextPath, contextPathClasses, factoryClassName, classLoader, properties);
        }


        String factoryName = classNameFromSystemProperties();
        if (factoryName != null) return newInstance(contextPath, contextPathClasses, factoryName, classLoader, properties);

        JAXBContextFactory obj = ServiceLoaderUtil.firstByServiceLoader(
                JAXBContextFactory.class, logger, EXCEPTION_HANDLER);

        if (obj != null) {
            ModuleUtil.delegateAddOpensToImplModule(contextPathClasses, obj.getClass());
            return obj.createContext(contextPath, classLoader, properties);
        }

        // to ensure backwards compatibility
        factoryName = firstByServiceLoaderDeprecated(JAXBContext.class, classLoader);
        if (factoryName != null) return newInstance(contextPath, contextPathClasses, factoryName, classLoader, properties);

        Class ctxFactory = (Class) ServiceLoaderUtil.lookupUsingOSGiServiceLoader(
                "jakarta.xml.bind.JAXBContext", logger);

        if (ctxFactory != null) {
            return newInstance(contextPath, contextPathClasses, ctxFactory, classLoader, properties);
        }

        // else no provider found
        logger.fine("Trying to create the platform default provider");
        return newInstance(contextPath, contextPathClasses, ModuleUtil.DEFAULT_FACTORY_CLASS, classLoader, properties);
    }

    static JAXBContext find(Class<?>[] classes, Map<String, ?> properties) throws JAXBException {

        // search for jaxb.properties in the class loader of each class first
        logger.fine("Searching jaxb.properties");
        for (final Class c : classes) {
            // this classloader is used only to load jaxb.properties, so doing this should be safe.
            // this is possible for primitives, arrays, and classes that are
            // loaded by poorly implemented ClassLoaders
            if (c.getPackage() == null) continue;

            // TODO: do we want to optimize away searching the same package?  org.Foo, org.Bar, com.Baz
            // classes from the same package might come from different class loades, so it might be a bad idea
            // TODO: it's easier to look things up from the class
            // c.getResourceAsStream("jaxb.properties");

            URL jaxbPropertiesUrl = getResourceUrl(c, "jaxb.properties");

            if (jaxbPropertiesUrl != null) {

                String factoryClassName =
                        classNameFromPackageProperties(
                                jaxbPropertiesUrl,
                                JAXBContext.JAXB_CONTEXT_FACTORY, JAXB_CONTEXT_FACTORY_DEPRECATED);

                return newInstance(classes, properties, factoryClassName);
            }

        }

        String factoryClassName = classNameFromSystemProperties();
        if (factoryClassName != null) return newInstance(classes, properties, factoryClassName);

        JAXBContextFactory factory =
                ServiceLoaderUtil.firstByServiceLoader(JAXBContextFactory.class, logger, EXCEPTION_HANDLER);

        if (factory != null) {
            ModuleUtil.delegateAddOpensToImplModule(classes, factory.getClass());
            return factory.createContext(classes, properties);
        }

        // to ensure backwards compatibility
        String className = firstByServiceLoaderDeprecated(JAXBContext.class, getContextClassLoader());
        if (className != null) return newInstance(classes, properties, className);

        logger.fine("Trying to create the platform default provider");
        Class ctxFactoryClass =
                (Class) ServiceLoaderUtil.lookupUsingOSGiServiceLoader("jakarta.xml.bind.JAXBContext", logger);

        if (ctxFactoryClass != null) {
            return newInstance(classes, properties, ctxFactoryClass);
        }

        // else no provider found
        logger.fine("Trying to create the platform default provider");
        return newInstance(classes, properties, ModuleUtil.DEFAULT_FACTORY_CLASS);
    }


    
first factoryId should be the preferred one,
more of those can be provided to support backwards compatibility
/**
     * first factoryId should be the preferred one,
     * more of those can be provided to support backwards compatibility
     */
    private static String classNameFromPackageProperties(URL packagePropertiesUrl,
                                                         String ... factoryIds) throws JAXBException {

        logger.log(Level.FINE, "Trying to locate {0}", packagePropertiesUrl.toString());
        Properties props = loadJAXBProperties(packagePropertiesUrl);
        for(String factoryId : factoryIds) {
            if (props.containsKey(factoryId)) {
                return props.getProperty(factoryId);
            }
        }
        //Factory key not found
        String propertiesUrl = packagePropertiesUrl.toExternalForm();
        String packageName = propertiesUrl.substring(0, propertiesUrl.indexOf("/jaxb.properties"));
        throw new JAXBException(Messages.format(Messages.MISSING_PROPERTY, packageName, factoryIds[0]));
    }

    private static String classNameFromSystemProperties() throws JAXBException {

        String factoryClassName = getSystemProperty(JAXBContext.JAXB_CONTEXT_FACTORY);
        if (factoryClassName != null) {
            return factoryClassName;
        }
        // leave this here to assure compatibility
        factoryClassName = getDeprecatedSystemProperty(JAXB_CONTEXT_FACTORY_DEPRECATED);
        if (factoryClassName != null) {
            return factoryClassName;
        }
        // leave this here to assure compatibility
        factoryClassName = getDeprecatedSystemProperty(JAXBContext.class.getName());
        if (factoryClassName != null) {
            return factoryClassName;
        }
        return null;
    }

    private static String getDeprecatedSystemProperty(String property) {
        String value = getSystemProperty(property);
        if (value != null) {
            logger.log(Level.WARNING, "Using non-standard property: {0}. Property {1} should be used instead.",
                    new Object[] {property, JAXBContext.JAXB_CONTEXT_FACTORY});
        }
        return value;
    }

    private static String getSystemProperty(String property) {
        logger.log(Level.FINE, "Checking system property {0}", property);
        String value = AccessController.doPrivileged(new GetPropertyAction(property));
        if (value != null) {
            logger.log(Level.FINE, "  found {0}", value);
        } else {
            logger.log(Level.FINE, "  not found");
        }
        return value;
    }

    private static Properties loadJAXBProperties(URL url) throws JAXBException {

        try {
            Properties props;
            logger.log(Level.FINE, "loading props from {0}", url);
            props = new Properties();
            InputStream is = url.openStream();
            props.load(is);
            is.close();
            return props;
        } catch (IOException ioe) {
            logger.log(Level.FINE, "Unable to load " + url.toString(), ioe);
            throw new JAXBException(ioe.toString(), ioe);
        }
    }

    
If run on JPMS package containing resource must be open unconditionally.
Params:
classLoader – classloader to load resource with
resourceName – qualified name of the resource
Returns:
resource url if found/**
     * If run on JPMS package containing resource must be open unconditionally.
     *
     * @param classLoader classloader to load resource with
     * @param resourceName qualified name of the resource
     * @return resource url if found
     */
    private static URL getResourceUrl(ClassLoader classLoader, String resourceName) {
        URL url;
        if (classLoader == null)
            url = ClassLoader.getSystemResource(resourceName);
        else
            url = classLoader.getResource(resourceName);
        return url;
    }

    private static URL getResourceUrl(Class<?> clazz, String resourceName) {
        return clazz.getResource(resourceName);
    }


    
Search the given ClassLoader for an instance of the specified class and
return a string representation of the URL that points to the resource.
Params:
clazz – 
         The class to search for
loader – 
         The ClassLoader to search.  If this parameter is null, then the
         system class loader will be searched
Returns:

         the URL for the class or null if it wasn't found/**
     * Search the given ClassLoader for an instance of the specified class and
     * return a string representation of the URL that points to the resource.
     *
     * @param clazz
     *          The class to search for
     * @param loader
     *          The ClassLoader to search.  If this parameter is null, then the
     *          system class loader will be searched
     * @return
     *          the URL for the class or null if it wasn't found
     */
    static URL which(Class clazz, ClassLoader loader) {

        String classnameAsResource = clazz.getName().replace('.', '/') + ".class";

        if (loader == null) {
            loader = getSystemClassLoader();
        }

        return loader.getResource(classnameAsResource);
    }

    
Get the URL for the Class from it's ClassLoader. Convenience method for which(Class, ClassLoader). Equivalent to calling: which(clazz, clazz.getClassLoader()) 
Params:
clazz – 
         The class to search for
Returns:

         the URL for the class or null if it wasn't found/**
     * Get the URL for the Class from it's ClassLoader.
     *
     * Convenience method for {@link #which(Class, ClassLoader)}.
     *
     * Equivalent to calling: which(clazz, clazz.getClassLoader())
     *
     * @param clazz
     *          The class to search for
     * @return
     *          the URL for the class or null if it wasn't found
     */
    static URL which(Class clazz) {
        return which(clazz, getClassClassLoader(clazz));
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private static ClassLoader getContextClassLoader() {
        if (System.getSecurityManager() == null) {
            return Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
        } else {
            return (ClassLoader) java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
                    new java.security.PrivilegedAction() {
                        @Override
                        public java.lang.Object run() {
                            return Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
                        }
                    });
        }
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private static ClassLoader getClassClassLoader(final Class c) {
        if (System.getSecurityManager() == null) {
            return c.getClassLoader();
        } else {
            return (ClassLoader) java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
                    new java.security.PrivilegedAction() {
                        @Override
                        public java.lang.Object run() {
                            return c.getClassLoader();
                        }
                    });
        }
    }

    private static ClassLoader getSystemClassLoader() {
        if (System.getSecurityManager() == null) {
            return ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
        } else {
            return (ClassLoader) java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(
                    new java.security.PrivilegedAction() {
                        @Override
                        public java.lang.Object run() {
                            return ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
                        }
                    });
        }
    }

    // ServiceLoaderUtil.firstByServiceLoaderDeprecated should be used instead.
    @Deprecated
    static String firstByServiceLoaderDeprecated(Class spiClass,
                                                 ClassLoader classLoader) throws JAXBException {

        final String jaxbContextFQCN = spiClass.getName();

        logger.fine("Searching META-INF/services");

        // search META-INF services next
        BufferedReader r = null;
        final String resource = "META-INF/services/" + jaxbContextFQCN;
        try {
            final InputStream resourceStream =
                    (classLoader == null) ?
                            ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(resource) :
                            classLoader.getResourceAsStream(resource);

            if (resourceStream != null) {
                r = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(resourceStream, "UTF-8"));
                String factoryClassName = r.readLine();
                if (factoryClassName != null) {
                    factoryClassName = factoryClassName.trim();
                }
                r.close();
                logger.log(Level.FINE, "Configured factorty class:{0}", factoryClassName);
                return factoryClassName;
            } else {
                logger.log(Level.FINE, "Unable to load:{0}", resource);
                return null;
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new JAXBException(e);
        } finally {
            try {
                if (r != null) {
                    r.close();
                }
            } catch (IOException ex) {
                logger.log(Level.SEVERE, "Unable to close resource: " + resource, ex);
            }
        }
    }

    private static String jaxbProperties(String contextPath, ClassLoader classLoader, String factoryId) throws JAXBException {
        String[] packages = contextPath.split(":");

        for (String pkg : packages) {
            String pkgUrl = pkg.replace('.', '/');
            URL jaxbPropertiesUrl = getResourceUrl(classLoader, pkgUrl + "/jaxb.properties");
            if (jaxbPropertiesUrl != null) {
                return classNameFromPackageProperties(jaxbPropertiesUrl,
                                                      factoryId, JAXB_CONTEXT_FACTORY_DEPRECATED);
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    private static String jaxbProperties(Class[] classesFromContextPath, String factoryId) throws JAXBException {
        for (Class c : classesFromContextPath) {
            URL jaxbPropertiesUrl = getResourceUrl(c, "jaxb.properties");
            if (jaxbPropertiesUrl != null) {
                return classNameFromPackageProperties(jaxbPropertiesUrl, factoryId, JAXB_CONTEXT_FACTORY_DEPRECATED);
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

}