android/android-9.0.0_r35 : android/app/Instrumentation.java

Instrumentation
https://source.android.com/
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2006 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package android.app;

import android.annotation.IntDef;
import android.annotation.NonNull;
import android.annotation.Nullable;
import android.content.ActivityNotFoundException;
import android.content.ComponentName;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.content.pm.ActivityInfo;
import android.content.res.Configuration;
import android.hardware.input.InputManager;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Debug;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.os.MessageQueue;
import android.os.PerformanceCollector;
import android.os.PersistableBundle;
import android.os.Process;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.os.ServiceManager;
import android.os.SystemClock;
import android.os.TestLooperManager;
import android.os.UserHandle;
import android.util.AndroidRuntimeException;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.IWindowManager;
import android.view.InputDevice;
import android.view.KeyCharacterMap;
import android.view.KeyEvent;
import android.view.MotionEvent;
import android.view.ViewConfiguration;
import android.view.Window;

import com.android.internal.content.ReferrerIntent;

import java.io.File;
import java.lang.annotation.Retention;
import java.lang.annotation.RetentionPolicy;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

Base class for implementing application instrumentation code.  When running
with instrumentation turned on, this class will be instantiated for you
before any of the application code, allowing you to monitor all of the
interaction the system has with the application.  An Instrumentation
implementation is described to the system through an AndroidManifest.xml's
<instrumentation> tag.
/**
 * Base class for implementing application instrumentation code.  When running
 * with instrumentation turned on, this class will be instantiated for you
 * before any of the application code, allowing you to monitor all of the
 * interaction the system has with the application.  An Instrumentation
 * implementation is described to the system through an AndroidManifest.xml's
 * &lt;instrumentation&gt; tag.
 */
public class Instrumentation {

    If included in the status or final bundle sent to an IInstrumentationWatcher, this key 
identifies the class that is writing the report.  This can be used to provide more structured
logging or reporting capabilities in the IInstrumentationWatcher.
/**
     * If included in the status or final bundle sent to an IInstrumentationWatcher, this key 
     * identifies the class that is writing the report.  This can be used to provide more structured
     * logging or reporting capabilities in the IInstrumentationWatcher.
     */
    public static final String REPORT_KEY_IDENTIFIER = "id";
    If included in the status or final bundle sent to an IInstrumentationWatcher, this key 
identifies a string which can simply be printed to the output stream.  Using these streams
provides a "pretty printer" version of the status & final packets.  Any bundles including 
this key should also include the complete set of raw key/value pairs, so that the
instrumentation can also be launched, and results collected, by an automated system.
/**
     * If included in the status or final bundle sent to an IInstrumentationWatcher, this key 
     * identifies a string which can simply be printed to the output stream.  Using these streams
     * provides a "pretty printer" version of the status & final packets.  Any bundles including 
     * this key should also include the complete set of raw key/value pairs, so that the
     * instrumentation can also be launched, and results collected, by an automated system.
     */
    public static final String REPORT_KEY_STREAMRESULT = "stream";

    private static final String TAG = "Instrumentation";

    @hide /**
     * @hide
     */
    @Retention(RetentionPolicy.SOURCE)
    @IntDef({0, UiAutomation.FLAG_DONT_SUPPRESS_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICES})
    public @interface UiAutomationFlags {};


    private final Object mSync = new Object();
    private ActivityThread mThread = null;
    private MessageQueue mMessageQueue = null;
    private Context mInstrContext;
    private Context mAppContext;
    private ComponentName mComponent;
    private Thread mRunner;
    private List<ActivityWaiter> mWaitingActivities;
    private List<ActivityMonitor> mActivityMonitors;
    private IInstrumentationWatcher mWatcher;
    private IUiAutomationConnection mUiAutomationConnection;
    private boolean mAutomaticPerformanceSnapshots = false;
    private PerformanceCollector mPerformanceCollector;
    private Bundle mPerfMetrics = new Bundle();
    private UiAutomation mUiAutomation;

    public Instrumentation() {
    }

    Called for methods that shouldn't be called by standard apps and
should only be used in instrumentation environments. This is not
security feature as these classes will still be accessible through
reflection, but it will serve as noticeable discouragement from
doing such a thing.
/**
     * Called for methods that shouldn't be called by standard apps and
     * should only be used in instrumentation environments. This is not
     * security feature as these classes will still be accessible through
     * reflection, but it will serve as noticeable discouragement from
     * doing such a thing.
     */
    private void checkInstrumenting(String method) {
        // Check if we have an instrumentation context, as init should only get called by
        // the system in startup processes that are being instrumented.
        if (mInstrContext == null) {
            throw new RuntimeException(method +
                    " cannot be called outside of instrumented processes");
        }
    }

    Called when the instrumentation is starting, before any application code has been loaded. Usually this will be implemented to simply call start to begin the instrumentation thread, which will then continue execution in onStart. If you do not need your own thread -- that is you are writing your instrumentation to be completely asynchronous (returning to the event loop so that the application can run), you can simply begin your instrumentation here, for example call Context.startActivity to begin the appropriate first activity of the application. 
Params: arguments – Any additional arguments that were supplied when the 
                 instrumentation was started./**
     * Called when the instrumentation is starting, before any application code
     * has been loaded.  Usually this will be implemented to simply call
     * {@link #start} to begin the instrumentation thread, which will then
     * continue execution in {@link #onStart}.
     * 
     * <p>If you do not need your own thread -- that is you are writing your
     * instrumentation to be completely asynchronous (returning to the event
     * loop so that the application can run), you can simply begin your
     * instrumentation here, for example call {@link Context#startActivity} to
     * begin the appropriate first activity of the application. 
     *  
     * @param arguments Any additional arguments that were supplied when the 
     *                  instrumentation was started.
     */
    public void onCreate(Bundle arguments) {
    }

    Create and start a new thread in which to run instrumentation. This new thread will call to onStart where you can implement the instrumentation. /**
     * Create and start a new thread in which to run instrumentation.  This new
     * thread will call to {@link #onStart} where you can implement the
     * instrumentation.
     */
    public void start() {
        if (mRunner != null) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Instrumentation already started");
        }
        mRunner = new InstrumentationThread("Instr: " + getClass().getName());
        mRunner.start();
    }

    Method where the instrumentation thread enters execution. This allows you to run your instrumentation code in a separate thread than the application, so that it can perform blocking operation such as sendKeySync or startActivitySync. You will typically want to call finish() when this function is done,
to end your instrumentation.
/**
     * Method where the instrumentation thread enters execution.  This allows
     * you to run your instrumentation code in a separate thread than the
     * application, so that it can perform blocking operation such as
     * {@link #sendKeySync} or {@link #startActivitySync}.
     * 
     * <p>You will typically want to call finish() when this function is done,
     * to end your instrumentation.
     */
    public void onStart() {
    }

    This is called whenever the system captures an unhandled exception that
was thrown by the application.  The default implementation simply
returns false, allowing normal system handling of the exception to take
place.
Params: obj – The client object that generated the exception.  May be an
           Application, Activity, BroadcastReceiver, Service, or null.
e – The exception that was thrown.
Returns: To allow normal system exception process to occur, return false.
        If true is returned, the system will proceed as if the exception
        didn't happen./**
     * This is called whenever the system captures an unhandled exception that
     * was thrown by the application.  The default implementation simply
     * returns false, allowing normal system handling of the exception to take
     * place.
     * 
     * @param obj The client object that generated the exception.  May be an
     *            Application, Activity, BroadcastReceiver, Service, or null.
     * @param e The exception that was thrown.
     *  
     * @return To allow normal system exception process to occur, return false.
     *         If true is returned, the system will proceed as if the exception
     *         didn't happen.
     */
    public boolean onException(Object obj, Throwable e) {
        return false;
    }

    Provide a status report about the application.
 
Params: resultCode – Current success/failure of instrumentation.
results – Any results to send back to the code that started the instrumentation./**
     * Provide a status report about the application.
     *  
     * @param resultCode Current success/failure of instrumentation. 
     * @param results Any results to send back to the code that started the instrumentation.
     */
    public void sendStatus(int resultCode, Bundle results) {
        if (mWatcher != null) {
            try {
                mWatcher.instrumentationStatus(mComponent, resultCode, results);
            }
            catch (RemoteException e) {
                mWatcher = null;
            }
        }
    }

    Report some results in the middle of instrumentation execution. Later results (including those provided by finish) will be combined with Bundle.putAll. /**
     * Report some results in the middle of instrumentation execution.  Later results (including
     * those provided by {@link #finish}) will be combined with {@link Bundle#putAll}.
     */
    public void addResults(Bundle results) {
        IActivityManager am = ActivityManager.getService();
        try {
            am.addInstrumentationResults(mThread.getApplicationThread(), results);
        } catch (RemoteException ex) {
            throw ex.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    Terminate instrumentation of the application.  This will cause the
application process to exit, removing this instrumentation from the next
time the application is started.  If multiple processes are currently running
for this instrumentation, all of those processes will be killed.
 
Params: resultCode – Overall success/failure of instrumentation.
results – Any results to send back to the code that started the 
               instrumentation./**
     * Terminate instrumentation of the application.  This will cause the
     * application process to exit, removing this instrumentation from the next
     * time the application is started.  If multiple processes are currently running
     * for this instrumentation, all of those processes will be killed.
     *  
     * @param resultCode Overall success/failure of instrumentation. 
     * @param results Any results to send back to the code that started the 
     *                instrumentation.
     */
    public void finish(int resultCode, Bundle results) {
        if (mAutomaticPerformanceSnapshots) {
            endPerformanceSnapshot();
        }
        if (mPerfMetrics != null) {
            if (results == null) {
                results = new Bundle();
            }
            results.putAll(mPerfMetrics);
        }
        if ((mUiAutomation != null) && !mUiAutomation.isDestroyed()) {
            mUiAutomation.disconnect();
            mUiAutomation = null;
        }
        mThread.finishInstrumentation(resultCode, results);
    }
    
    public void setAutomaticPerformanceSnapshots() {
        mAutomaticPerformanceSnapshots = true;
        mPerformanceCollector = new PerformanceCollector();
    }

    public void startPerformanceSnapshot() {
        if (!isProfiling()) {
            mPerformanceCollector.beginSnapshot(null);
        }
    }
    
    public void endPerformanceSnapshot() {
        if (!isProfiling()) {
            mPerfMetrics = mPerformanceCollector.endSnapshot();
        }
    }
    
    Called when the instrumented application is stopping, after all of the
normal application cleanup has occurred.
/**
     * Called when the instrumented application is stopping, after all of the
     * normal application cleanup has occurred.
     */
    public void onDestroy() {
    }

    Return the Context of this instrumentation's package. Note that this is often different than the Context of the application being instrumentated, since the instrumentation code often lives is a different package than that of the application it is running against. See getTargetContext to retrieve a Context for the target application. 
See Also: getTargetContext
Returns: The instrumentation's package context./**
     * Return the Context of this instrumentation's package.  Note that this is
     * often different than the Context of the application being
     * instrumentated, since the instrumentation code often lives is a
     * different package than that of the application it is running against.
     * See {@link #getTargetContext} to retrieve a Context for the target
     * application.
     * 
     * @return The instrumentation's package context.
     * 
     * @see #getTargetContext
     */
    public Context getContext() {
        return mInstrContext;
    }

    Returns complete component name of this instrumentation.
Returns: Returns the complete component name for this instrumentation./**
     * Returns complete component name of this instrumentation.
     * 
     * @return Returns the complete component name for this instrumentation.
     */
    public ComponentName getComponentName() {
        return mComponent;
    }
    
    Return a Context for the target application being instrumented. Note that this is often different than the Context of the instrumentation code, since the instrumentation code often lives is a different package than that of the application it is running against. See getContext to retrieve a Context for the instrumentation code. 
See Also: getContext
Returns: A Context in the target application./**
     * Return a Context for the target application being instrumented.  Note
     * that this is often different than the Context of the instrumentation
     * code, since the instrumentation code often lives is a different package
     * than that of the application it is running against. See
     * {@link #getContext} to retrieve a Context for the instrumentation code.
     * 
     * @return A Context in the target application.
     * 
     * @see #getContext
     */
    public Context getTargetContext() {
        return mAppContext;
    }

    Return the name of the process this instrumentation is running in.  Note this should
only be used for testing and debugging.  If you are thinking about using this to,
for example, conditionalize what is initialized in an Application class, it is strongly
recommended to instead use lazy initialization (such as a getter for the state that
only creates it when requested).  This can greatly reduce the work your process does
when created for secondary things, such as to receive a broadcast.
/**
     * Return the name of the process this instrumentation is running in.  Note this should
     * only be used for testing and debugging.  If you are thinking about using this to,
     * for example, conditionalize what is initialized in an Application class, it is strongly
     * recommended to instead use lazy initialization (such as a getter for the state that
     * only creates it when requested).  This can greatly reduce the work your process does
     * when created for secondary things, such as to receive a broadcast.
     */
    public String getProcessName() {
        return mThread.getProcessName();
    }

    Check whether this instrumentation was started with profiling enabled.
Returns: Returns true if profiling was enabled when starting, else false./**
     * Check whether this instrumentation was started with profiling enabled.
     * 
     * @return Returns true if profiling was enabled when starting, else false.
     */
    public boolean isProfiling() {
        return mThread.isProfiling();
    }

    This method will start profiling if isProfiling() returns true. You should
only call this method if you set the handleProfiling attribute in the 
manifest file for this Instrumentation to true.  
/**
     * This method will start profiling if isProfiling() returns true. You should
     * only call this method if you set the handleProfiling attribute in the 
     * manifest file for this Instrumentation to true.  
     */
    public void startProfiling() {
        if (mThread.isProfiling()) {
            File file = new File(mThread.getProfileFilePath());
            file.getParentFile().mkdirs();
            Debug.startMethodTracing(file.toString(), 8 * 1024 * 1024);
        }
    }

    Stops profiling if isProfiling() returns true.
/**
     * Stops profiling if isProfiling() returns true.
     */
    public void stopProfiling() {
        if (mThread.isProfiling()) {
            Debug.stopMethodTracing();
        }
    }
    
    Force the global system in or out of touch mode.  This can be used if
your instrumentation relies on the UI being in one more or the other
when it starts.
Params: inTouch – Set to true to be in touch mode, false to be in
focus mode./**
     * Force the global system in or out of touch mode.  This can be used if
     * your instrumentation relies on the UI being in one more or the other
     * when it starts.
     * 
     * @param inTouch Set to true to be in touch mode, false to be in
     * focus mode.
     */
    public void setInTouchMode(boolean inTouch) {
        try {
            IWindowManager.Stub.asInterface(
                    ServiceManager.getService("window")).setInTouchMode(inTouch);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            // Shouldn't happen!
        }
    }
    
    Schedule a callback for when the application's main thread goes idle
(has no more events to process).
Params: recipient – Called the next time the thread's message queue is
                 idle./**
     * Schedule a callback for when the application's main thread goes idle
     * (has no more events to process).
     * 
     * @param recipient Called the next time the thread's message queue is
     *                  idle.
     */
    public void waitForIdle(Runnable recipient) {
        mMessageQueue.addIdleHandler(new Idler(recipient));
        mThread.getHandler().post(new EmptyRunnable());
    }

    Synchronously wait for the application to be idle. Can not be called from the main application thread -- use start to execute instrumentation in its own thread. /**
     * Synchronously wait for the application to be idle.  Can not be called
     * from the main application thread -- use {@link #start} to execute
     * instrumentation in its own thread.
     */
    public void waitForIdleSync() {
        validateNotAppThread();
        Idler idler = new Idler(null);
        mMessageQueue.addIdleHandler(idler);
        mThread.getHandler().post(new EmptyRunnable());
        idler.waitForIdle();
    }

    Execute a call on the application's main thread, blocking until it is
complete.  Useful for doing things that are not thread-safe, such as
looking at or modifying the view hierarchy.
Params: runner – The code to run on the main thread./**
     * Execute a call on the application's main thread, blocking until it is
     * complete.  Useful for doing things that are not thread-safe, such as
     * looking at or modifying the view hierarchy.
     * 
     * @param runner The code to run on the main thread.
     */
    public void runOnMainSync(Runnable runner) {
        validateNotAppThread();
        SyncRunnable sr = new SyncRunnable(runner);
        mThread.getHandler().post(sr);
        sr.waitForComplete();
    }

    Start a new activity and wait for it to begin running before returning. In addition to being synchronous, this method as some semantic differences from the standard Context.startActivity call: the activity component is resolved before talking with the activity manager (its class name is specified in the Intent that this method ultimately starts), and it does not allow you to start activities that run in a different process. In addition, if the given Intent resolves to multiple activities, instead of displaying a dialog for the user to select an activity, an exception will be thrown. The function returns as soon as the activity goes idle following the call to its Activity.onCreate. Generally this means it has gone through the full initialization including Activity.onResume and drawn and displayed its initial window. 
Params: intent – Description of the activity to start.
See Also: Context.startActivity
startActivitySync(Intent, Bundle)/**
     * Start a new activity and wait for it to begin running before returning.
     * In addition to being synchronous, this method as some semantic
     * differences from the standard {@link Context#startActivity} call: the
     * activity component is resolved before talking with the activity manager
     * (its class name is specified in the Intent that this method ultimately
     * starts), and it does not allow you to start activities that run in a
     * different process.  In addition, if the given Intent resolves to
     * multiple activities, instead of displaying a dialog for the user to
     * select an activity, an exception will be thrown.
     *
     * <p>The function returns as soon as the activity goes idle following the
     * call to its {@link Activity#onCreate}.  Generally this means it has gone
     * through the full initialization including {@link Activity#onResume} and
     * drawn and displayed its initial window.
     *
     * @param intent Description of the activity to start.
     *
     * @see Context#startActivity
     * @see #startActivitySync(Intent, Bundle)
     */
    public Activity startActivitySync(Intent intent) {
        return startActivitySync(intent, null /* options */);
    }

    Start a new activity and wait for it to begin running before returning. In addition to being synchronous, this method as some semantic differences from the standard Context.startActivity call: the activity component is resolved before talking with the activity manager (its class name is specified in the Intent that this method ultimately starts), and it does not allow you to start activities that run in a different process. In addition, if the given Intent resolves to multiple activities, instead of displaying a dialog for the user to select an activity, an exception will be thrown. The function returns as soon as the activity goes idle following the call to its Activity.onCreate. Generally this means it has gone through the full initialization including Activity.onResume and drawn and displayed its initial window. 
Params: intent – Description of the activity to start.
options – Additional options for how the Activity should be started. May be null if there are no options. See ActivityOptions for how to build the Bundle supplied here; there are no supported definitions for building it manually.
See Also: Context.startActivity(Intent, Bundle)/**
     * Start a new activity and wait for it to begin running before returning.
     * In addition to being synchronous, this method as some semantic
     * differences from the standard {@link Context#startActivity} call: the
     * activity component is resolved before talking with the activity manager
     * (its class name is specified in the Intent that this method ultimately
     * starts), and it does not allow you to start activities that run in a
     * different process.  In addition, if the given Intent resolves to
     * multiple activities, instead of displaying a dialog for the user to
     * select an activity, an exception will be thrown.
     *
     * <p>The function returns as soon as the activity goes idle following the
     * call to its {@link Activity#onCreate}.  Generally this means it has gone
     * through the full initialization including {@link Activity#onResume} and
     * drawn and displayed its initial window.
     *
     * @param intent Description of the activity to start.
     * @param options Additional options for how the Activity should be started.
     * May be null if there are no options.  See {@link android.app.ActivityOptions}
     * for how to build the Bundle supplied here; there are no supported definitions
     * for building it manually.
     *
     * @see Context#startActivity(Intent, Bundle)
     */
    @NonNull
    public Activity startActivitySync(@NonNull Intent intent, @Nullable Bundle options) {
        validateNotAppThread();

        synchronized (mSync) {
            intent = new Intent(intent);

            ActivityInfo ai = intent.resolveActivityInfo(
                getTargetContext().getPackageManager(), 0);
            if (ai == null) {
                throw new RuntimeException("Unable to resolve activity for: " + intent);
            }
            String myProc = mThread.getProcessName();
            if (!ai.processName.equals(myProc)) {
                // todo: if this intent is ambiguous, look here to see if
                // there is a single match that is in our package.
                throw new RuntimeException("Intent in process "
                        + myProc + " resolved to different process "
                        + ai.processName + ": " + intent);
            }

            intent.setComponent(new ComponentName(
                    ai.applicationInfo.packageName, ai.name));
            final ActivityWaiter aw = new ActivityWaiter(intent);

            if (mWaitingActivities == null) {
                mWaitingActivities = new ArrayList();
            }
            mWaitingActivities.add(aw);

            getTargetContext().startActivity(intent, options);

            do {
                try {
                    mSync.wait();
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                }
            } while (mWaitingActivities.contains(aw));

            return aw.activity;
        }
    }

    Information about a particular kind of Intent that is being monitored. An instance of this class is added to the current instrumentation through addMonitor; after being added, when a new activity is being started the monitor will be checked and, if matching, its hit count updated and (optionally) the call stopped and a canned result returned. An ActivityMonitor can also be used to look for the creation of an activity, through the waitForActivity method. This will return after a matching activity has been created with that activity object. /**
     * Information about a particular kind of Intent that is being monitored.
     * An instance of this class is added to the 
     * current instrumentation through {@link #addMonitor}; after being added, 
     * when a new activity is being started the monitor will be checked and, if 
     * matching, its hit count updated and (optionally) the call stopped and a 
     * canned result returned.
     * 
     * <p>An ActivityMonitor can also be used to look for the creation of an
     * activity, through the {@link #waitForActivity} method.  This will return
     * after a matching activity has been created with that activity object.
     */
    public static class ActivityMonitor {
        private final IntentFilter mWhich;
        private final String mClass;
        private final ActivityResult mResult;
        private final boolean mBlock;
        private final boolean mIgnoreMatchingSpecificIntents;


        // This is protected by 'Instrumentation.this.mSync'.
        /*package*/ int mHits = 0;

        // This is protected by 'this'.
        /*package*/ Activity mLastActivity = null;

        Create a new ActivityMonitor that looks for a particular kind of 
intent to be started.
Params: which – The set of intents this monitor is responsible for.
result – A canned result to return if the monitor is hit; can 
              be null.
block – Controls whether the monitor should block the activity 
             start (returning its canned result) or let the call
             proceed.
See Also: Instrumentation.addMonitor/**
         * Create a new ActivityMonitor that looks for a particular kind of 
         * intent to be started.
         *
         * @param which The set of intents this monitor is responsible for.
         * @param result A canned result to return if the monitor is hit; can 
         *               be null.
         * @param block Controls whether the monitor should block the activity 
         *              start (returning its canned result) or let the call
         *              proceed.
         *  
         * @see Instrumentation#addMonitor 
         */
        public ActivityMonitor(
            IntentFilter which, ActivityResult result, boolean block) {
            mWhich = which;
            mClass = null;
            mResult = result;
            mBlock = block;
            mIgnoreMatchingSpecificIntents = false;
        }

        Create a new ActivityMonitor that looks for a specific activity 
class to be started. 
 
Params: cls – The activity class this monitor is responsible for.
result – A canned result to return if the monitor is hit; can 
              be null.
block – Controls whether the monitor should block the activity 
             start (returning its canned result) or let the call
             proceed.
See Also: Instrumentation.addMonitor/**
         * Create a new ActivityMonitor that looks for a specific activity 
         * class to be started. 
         *  
         * @param cls The activity class this monitor is responsible for.
         * @param result A canned result to return if the monitor is hit; can 
         *               be null.
         * @param block Controls whether the monitor should block the activity 
         *              start (returning its canned result) or let the call
         *              proceed.
         *  
         * @see Instrumentation#addMonitor 
         */
        public ActivityMonitor(
            String cls, ActivityResult result, boolean block) {
            mWhich = null;
            mClass = cls;
            mResult = result;
            mBlock = block;
            mIgnoreMatchingSpecificIntents = false;
        }

        Create a new ActivityMonitor that can be used for intercepting any activity to be
started.
 When an activity is started, onStartActivity(Intent) will be called on instances created using this constructor to see if it is a hit. 
See Also: onStartActivity(Intent)/**
         * Create a new ActivityMonitor that can be used for intercepting any activity to be
         * started.
         *
         * <p> When an activity is started, {@link #onStartActivity(Intent)} will be called on
         * instances created using this constructor to see if it is a hit.
         *
         * @see #onStartActivity(Intent)
         */
        public ActivityMonitor() {
            mWhich = null;
            mClass = null;
            mResult = null;
            mBlock = false;
            mIgnoreMatchingSpecificIntents = true;
        }

        Returns: true if this monitor is used for intercepting any started activity by calling into onStartActivity(Intent), false if this monitor is only used for specific intents corresponding to the intent filter or activity class passed in the constructor./**
         * @return true if this monitor is used for intercepting any started activity by calling
         *         into {@link #onStartActivity(Intent)}, false if this monitor is only used
         *         for specific intents corresponding to the intent filter or activity class
         *         passed in the constructor.
         */
        final boolean ignoreMatchingSpecificIntents() {
            return mIgnoreMatchingSpecificIntents;
        }

        Retrieve the filter associated with this ActivityMonitor.
/**
         * Retrieve the filter associated with this ActivityMonitor.
         */
        public final IntentFilter getFilter() {
            return mWhich;
        }

        Retrieve the result associated with this ActivityMonitor, or null if 
none. 
/**
         * Retrieve the result associated with this ActivityMonitor, or null if 
         * none. 
         */
        public final ActivityResult getResult() {
            return mResult;
        }

        Check whether this monitor blocks activity starts (not allowing the 
actual activity to run) or allows them to execute normally. 
/**
         * Check whether this monitor blocks activity starts (not allowing the 
         * actual activity to run) or allows them to execute normally. 
         */
        public final boolean isBlocking() {
            return mBlock;
        }

        Retrieve the number of times the monitor has been hit so far.
/**
         * Retrieve the number of times the monitor has been hit so far.
         */
        public final int getHits() {
            return mHits;
        }

        Retrieve the most recent activity class that was seen by this 
monitor. 
/**
         * Retrieve the most recent activity class that was seen by this 
         * monitor. 
         */
        public final Activity getLastActivity() {
            return mLastActivity;
        }

        Block until an Activity is created that matches this monitor, 
returning the resulting activity. 
Returns: Activity/**
         * Block until an Activity is created that matches this monitor, 
         * returning the resulting activity. 
         * 
         * @return Activity
         */
        public final Activity waitForActivity() {
            synchronized (this) {
                while (mLastActivity == null) {
                    try {
                        wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    }
                }
                Activity res = mLastActivity;
                mLastActivity = null;
                return res;
            }
        }

        Block until an Activity is created that matches this monitor, 
returning the resulting activity or till the timeOut period expires.
If the timeOut expires before the activity is started, return null. 
Params: timeOut – Time to wait in milliseconds before the activity is created.
Returns: Activity/**
         * Block until an Activity is created that matches this monitor, 
         * returning the resulting activity or till the timeOut period expires.
         * If the timeOut expires before the activity is started, return null. 
         * 
         * @param timeOut Time to wait in milliseconds before the activity is created.
         * 
         * @return Activity
         */
        public final Activity waitForActivityWithTimeout(long timeOut) {
            synchronized (this) {
                if (mLastActivity == null) {
                    try {
                        wait(timeOut);
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    }
                }
                if (mLastActivity == null) {
                    return null;
                } else {
                    Activity res = mLastActivity;
                    mLastActivity = null;
                    return res;
                }
            }
        }

        Used for intercepting any started activity.
 A non-null return value here will be considered a hit for this monitor. By default this will return null and subclasses can override this to return a non-null value if the intent needs to be intercepted. 
 Whenever a new activity is started, this method will be called on instances created using ActivityMonitor() to check if there is a match. In case of a match, the activity start will be blocked and the returned result will be used. 
Params: intent – The intent used for starting the activity.
Returns: The ActivityResult that needs to be used in case of a match./**
         * Used for intercepting any started activity.
         *
         * <p> A non-null return value here will be considered a hit for this monitor.
         * By default this will return {@code null} and subclasses can override this to return
         * a non-null value if the intent needs to be intercepted.
         *
         * <p> Whenever a new activity is started, this method will be called on instances created
         * using {@link #Instrumentation.ActivityMonitor()} to check if there is a match. In case
         * of a match, the activity start will be blocked and the returned result will be used.
         *
         * @param intent The intent used for starting the activity.
         * @return The {@link ActivityResult} that needs to be used in case of a match.
         */
        public ActivityResult onStartActivity(Intent intent) {
            return null;
        }

        final boolean match(Context who,
                            Activity activity,
                            Intent intent) {
            if (mIgnoreMatchingSpecificIntents) {
                return false;
            }
            synchronized (this) {
                if (mWhich != null
                    && mWhich.match(who.getContentResolver(), intent,
                                    true, "Instrumentation") < 0) {
                    return false;
                }
                if (mClass != null) {
                    String cls = null;
                    if (activity != null) {
                        cls = activity.getClass().getName();
                    } else if (intent.getComponent() != null) {
                        cls = intent.getComponent().getClassName();
                    }
                    if (cls == null || !mClass.equals(cls)) {
                        return false;
                    }
                }
                if (activity != null) {
                    mLastActivity = activity;
                    notifyAll();
                }
                return true;
            }
        }
    }

    Add a new ActivityMonitor that will be checked whenever an activity is started. The monitor is added after any existing ones; the monitor will be hit only if none of the existing monitors can themselves handle the Intent. 
Params: monitor – The new ActivityMonitor to see.
See Also: addMonitor(IntentFilter, ActivityResult, boolean)
checkMonitorHit/**
     * Add a new {@link ActivityMonitor} that will be checked whenever an 
     * activity is started.  The monitor is added 
     * after any existing ones; the monitor will be hit only if none of the 
     * existing monitors can themselves handle the Intent. 
     *  
     * @param monitor The new ActivityMonitor to see. 
     *  
     * @see #addMonitor(IntentFilter, ActivityResult, boolean) 
     * @see #checkMonitorHit 
     */
    public void addMonitor(ActivityMonitor monitor) {
        synchronized (mSync) {
            if (mActivityMonitors == null) {
                mActivityMonitors = new ArrayList();
            }
            mActivityMonitors.add(monitor);
        }
    }

    A convenience wrapper for addMonitor(ActivityMonitor) that creates an intent filter matching ActivityMonitor for you and returns it. 
Params: filter – The set of intents this monitor is responsible for.
result – A canned result to return if the monitor is hit; can 
              be null.
block – Controls whether the monitor should block the activity 
             start (returning its canned result) or let the call
             proceed.
See Also: addMonitor(ActivityMonitor)
checkMonitorHit
Returns: The newly created and added activity monitor./**
     * A convenience wrapper for {@link #addMonitor(ActivityMonitor)} that 
     * creates an intent filter matching {@link ActivityMonitor} for you and 
     * returns it. 
     *  
     * @param filter The set of intents this monitor is responsible for.
     * @param result A canned result to return if the monitor is hit; can 
     *               be null.
     * @param block Controls whether the monitor should block the activity 
     *              start (returning its canned result) or let the call
     *              proceed.
     * 
     * @return The newly created and added activity monitor. 
     *  
     * @see #addMonitor(ActivityMonitor) 
     * @see #checkMonitorHit 
     */
    public ActivityMonitor addMonitor(
        IntentFilter filter, ActivityResult result, boolean block) {
        ActivityMonitor am = new ActivityMonitor(filter, result, block);
        addMonitor(am);
        return am;
    }

    A convenience wrapper for addMonitor(ActivityMonitor) that creates a class matching ActivityMonitor for you and returns it. 
Params: cls – The activity class this monitor is responsible for.
result – A canned result to return if the monitor is hit; can 
              be null.
block – Controls whether the monitor should block the activity 
             start (returning its canned result) or let the call
             proceed.
See Also: addMonitor(ActivityMonitor)
checkMonitorHit
Returns: The newly created and added activity monitor./**
     * A convenience wrapper for {@link #addMonitor(ActivityMonitor)} that 
     * creates a class matching {@link ActivityMonitor} for you and returns it.
     *  
     * @param cls The activity class this monitor is responsible for.
     * @param result A canned result to return if the monitor is hit; can 
     *               be null.
     * @param block Controls whether the monitor should block the activity 
     *              start (returning its canned result) or let the call
     *              proceed.
     * 
     * @return The newly created and added activity monitor. 
     *  
     * @see #addMonitor(ActivityMonitor) 
     * @see #checkMonitorHit 
     */
    public ActivityMonitor addMonitor(
        String cls, ActivityResult result, boolean block) {
        ActivityMonitor am = new ActivityMonitor(cls, result, block);
        addMonitor(am);
        return am;
    }

    Test whether an existing ActivityMonitor has been hit. If the monitor has been hit at least minHits times, then it will be 
removed from the activity monitor list and true returned.  Otherwise it 
is left as-is and false is returned. 
 
Params: monitor – The ActivityMonitor to check.
minHits – The minimum number of hits required.
See Also: addMonitor
Returns: True if the hit count has been reached, else false./**
     * Test whether an existing {@link ActivityMonitor} has been hit.  If the 
     * monitor has been hit at least <var>minHits</var> times, then it will be 
     * removed from the activity monitor list and true returned.  Otherwise it 
     * is left as-is and false is returned. 
     *  
     * @param monitor The ActivityMonitor to check.
     * @param minHits The minimum number of hits required.
     * 
     * @return True if the hit count has been reached, else false. 
     *  
     * @see #addMonitor 
     */
    public boolean checkMonitorHit(ActivityMonitor monitor, int minHits) {
        waitForIdleSync();
        synchronized (mSync) {
            if (monitor.getHits() < minHits) {
                return false;
            }
            mActivityMonitors.remove(monitor);
        }
        return true;
    }

    Wait for an existing ActivityMonitor to be hit. Once the monitor has been hit, it is removed from the activity monitor list and the first created Activity object that matched it is returned. 
Params: monitor – The ActivityMonitor to wait for.
Returns: The Activity object that matched the monitor./**
     * Wait for an existing {@link ActivityMonitor} to be hit.  Once the 
     * monitor has been hit, it is removed from the activity monitor list and 
     * the first created Activity object that matched it is returned.
     *  
     * @param monitor The ActivityMonitor to wait for.
     * 
     * @return The Activity object that matched the monitor.
     */
    public Activity waitForMonitor(ActivityMonitor monitor) {
        Activity activity = monitor.waitForActivity();
        synchronized (mSync) {
            mActivityMonitors.remove(monitor);
        }
        return activity;
    }

    Wait for an existing ActivityMonitor to be hit till the timeout expires. Once the monitor has been hit, it is removed from the activity monitor list and the first created Activity object that matched it is returned. If the timeout expires, a null object is returned. 
Params: monitor – The ActivityMonitor to wait for.
timeOut – The timeout value in milliseconds.
Returns: The Activity object that matched the monitor./**
     * Wait for an existing {@link ActivityMonitor} to be hit till the timeout
     * expires.  Once the monitor has been hit, it is removed from the activity 
     * monitor list and the first created Activity object that matched it is 
     * returned.  If the timeout expires, a null object is returned. 
     *
     * @param monitor The ActivityMonitor to wait for.
     * @param timeOut The timeout value in milliseconds.
     *
     * @return The Activity object that matched the monitor.
     */
    public Activity waitForMonitorWithTimeout(ActivityMonitor monitor, long timeOut) {
        Activity activity = monitor.waitForActivityWithTimeout(timeOut);
        synchronized (mSync) {
            mActivityMonitors.remove(monitor);
        }
        return activity;
    }
    
    Remove an ActivityMonitor that was previously added with addMonitor. 
Params: monitor – The monitor to remove.
See Also: addMonitor/**
     * Remove an {@link ActivityMonitor} that was previously added with 
     * {@link #addMonitor}.
     *  
     * @param monitor The monitor to remove.
     *  
     * @see #addMonitor 
     */
    public void removeMonitor(ActivityMonitor monitor) {
        synchronized (mSync) {
            mActivityMonitors.remove(monitor);
        }
    }

    Execute a particular menu item.
Params: targetActivity – The activity in question.
id – The identifier associated with the menu item.
flag – Additional flags, if any.
Returns: Whether the invocation was successful (for example, it could be
        false if item is disabled)./**
     * Execute a particular menu item.
     * 
     * @param targetActivity The activity in question.
     * @param id The identifier associated with the menu item.
     * @param flag Additional flags, if any.
     * @return Whether the invocation was successful (for example, it could be
     *         false if item is disabled).
     */
    public boolean invokeMenuActionSync(Activity targetActivity, 
                                    int id, int flag) {
        class MenuRunnable implements Runnable {
            private final Activity activity;
            private final int identifier;
            private final int flags;
            boolean returnValue;
            
            public MenuRunnable(Activity _activity, int _identifier,
                                    int _flags) {
                activity = _activity;
                identifier = _identifier;
                flags = _flags;
            }
            
            public void run() {
                Window win = activity.getWindow();
                
                returnValue = win.performPanelIdentifierAction(
                            Window.FEATURE_OPTIONS_PANEL,
                            identifier, 
                            flags);                
            }
            
        }        
        MenuRunnable mr = new MenuRunnable(targetActivity, id, flag);
        runOnMainSync(mr);
        return mr.returnValue;
    }

    Show the context menu for the currently focused view and executes a
particular context menu item.
Params: targetActivity – The activity in question.
id – The identifier associated with the context menu item.
flag – Additional flags, if any.
Returns: Whether the invocation was successful (for example, it could be
        false if item is disabled)./**
     * Show the context menu for the currently focused view and executes a
     * particular context menu item.
     * 
     * @param targetActivity The activity in question.
     * @param id The identifier associated with the context menu item.
     * @param flag Additional flags, if any.
     * @return Whether the invocation was successful (for example, it could be
     *         false if item is disabled).
     */
    public boolean invokeContextMenuAction(Activity targetActivity, int id, int flag) {
        validateNotAppThread();
        
        // Bring up context menu for current focus.
        // It'd be nice to do this through code, but currently ListView depends on
        //   long press to set metadata for its selected child
        
        final KeyEvent downEvent = new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN, KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER); 
        sendKeySync(downEvent);

        // Need to wait for long press
        waitForIdleSync();
        try {
            Thread.sleep(ViewConfiguration.getLongPressTimeout());
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Could not sleep for long press timeout", e);
            return false;
        }

        final KeyEvent upEvent = new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_UP, KeyEvent.KEYCODE_DPAD_CENTER); 
        sendKeySync(upEvent);

        // Wait for context menu to appear
        waitForIdleSync();
        
        class ContextMenuRunnable implements Runnable {
            private final Activity activity;
            private final int identifier;
            private final int flags;
            boolean returnValue;
            
            public ContextMenuRunnable(Activity _activity, int _identifier,
                                    int _flags) {
                activity = _activity;
                identifier = _identifier;
                flags = _flags;
            }
            
            public void run() {
                Window win = activity.getWindow();
                returnValue = win.performContextMenuIdentifierAction(
                            identifier, 
                            flags);                
            }
            
        }        
        
        ContextMenuRunnable cmr = new ContextMenuRunnable(targetActivity, id, flag);
        runOnMainSync(cmr);
        return cmr.returnValue;
    }
    
    Sends the key events corresponding to the text to the app being
instrumented.
Params: text – The text to be sent./**
     * Sends the key events corresponding to the text to the app being
     * instrumented.
     * 
     * @param text The text to be sent. 
     */
    public void sendStringSync(String text) {
        if (text == null) {
            return;
        }
        KeyCharacterMap keyCharacterMap = KeyCharacterMap.load(KeyCharacterMap.VIRTUAL_KEYBOARD);

        KeyEvent[] events = keyCharacterMap.getEvents(text.toCharArray());

        if (events != null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < events.length; i++) {
                // We have to change the time of an event before injecting it because
                // all KeyEvents returned by KeyCharacterMap.getEvents() have the same
                // time stamp and the system rejects too old events. Hence, it is
                // possible for an event to become stale before it is injected if it
                // takes too long to inject the preceding ones.
                sendKeySync(KeyEvent.changeTimeRepeat(events[i], SystemClock.uptimeMillis(), 0));
            }
        }
    }

    Send a key event to the currently focused window/view and wait for it to
be processed.  Finished at some point after the recipient has returned
from its event processing, though it may not have completely
finished reacting from the event -- for example, if it needs to update
its display as a result, it may still be in the process of doing that.
Params: event – The event to send to the current focus./**
     * Send a key event to the currently focused window/view and wait for it to
     * be processed.  Finished at some point after the recipient has returned
     * from its event processing, though it may <em>not</em> have completely
     * finished reacting from the event -- for example, if it needs to update
     * its display as a result, it may still be in the process of doing that.
     * 
     * @param event The event to send to the current focus.
     */
    public void sendKeySync(KeyEvent event) {
        validateNotAppThread();

        long downTime = event.getDownTime();
        long eventTime = event.getEventTime();
        int action = event.getAction();
        int code = event.getKeyCode();
        int repeatCount = event.getRepeatCount();
        int metaState = event.getMetaState();
        int deviceId = event.getDeviceId();
        int scancode = event.getScanCode();
        int source = event.getSource();
        int flags = event.getFlags();
        if (source == InputDevice.SOURCE_UNKNOWN) {
            source = InputDevice.SOURCE_KEYBOARD;
        }
        if (eventTime == 0) {
            eventTime = SystemClock.uptimeMillis();
        }
        if (downTime == 0) {
            downTime = eventTime;
        }
        KeyEvent newEvent = new KeyEvent(downTime, eventTime, action, code, repeatCount, metaState,
                deviceId, scancode, flags | KeyEvent.FLAG_FROM_SYSTEM, source);
        InputManager.getInstance().injectInputEvent(newEvent,
                InputManager.INJECT_INPUT_EVENT_MODE_WAIT_FOR_FINISH);
    }
    
    Sends an up and down key event sync to the currently focused window.
Params: key – The integer keycode for the event./**
     * Sends an up and down key event sync to the currently focused window.
     * 
     * @param key The integer keycode for the event.
     */
    public void sendKeyDownUpSync(int key) {        
        sendKeySync(new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN, key));
        sendKeySync(new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_UP, key));
    }

    Higher-level method for sending both the down and up key events for a particular character key code. Equivalent to creating both KeyEvent objects by hand and calling sendKeySync. The event appears as if it came from keyboard 0, the built in one. 
Params: keyCode – The key code of the character to send./**
     * Higher-level method for sending both the down and up key events for a
     * particular character key code.  Equivalent to creating both KeyEvent
     * objects by hand and calling {@link #sendKeySync}.  The event appears
     * as if it came from keyboard 0, the built in one.
     * 
     * @param keyCode The key code of the character to send.
     */
    public void sendCharacterSync(int keyCode) {
        sendKeySync(new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN, keyCode));
        sendKeySync(new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_UP, keyCode));
    }
    
    Dispatch a pointer event. Finished at some point after the recipient has
returned from its event processing, though it may not have
completely finished reacting from the event -- for example, if it needs
to update its display as a result, it may still be in the process of
doing that.
Params: event – A motion event describing the pointer action. (As noted in MotionEvent.obtain(long, long, int, float, float, int), be sure to use SystemClock.uptimeMillis() as the timebase./**
     * Dispatch a pointer event. Finished at some point after the recipient has
     * returned from its event processing, though it may <em>not</em> have
     * completely finished reacting from the event -- for example, if it needs
     * to update its display as a result, it may still be in the process of
     * doing that.
     * 
     * @param event A motion event describing the pointer action.  (As noted in 
     * {@link MotionEvent#obtain(long, long, int, float, float, int)}, be sure to use 
     * {@link SystemClock#uptimeMillis()} as the timebase.
     */
    public void sendPointerSync(MotionEvent event) {
        validateNotAppThread();
        if ((event.getSource() & InputDevice.SOURCE_CLASS_POINTER) == 0) {
            event.setSource(InputDevice.SOURCE_TOUCHSCREEN);
        }
        InputManager.getInstance().injectInputEvent(event,
                InputManager.INJECT_INPUT_EVENT_MODE_WAIT_FOR_FINISH);
    }

    Dispatch a trackball event. Finished at some point after the recipient has
returned from its event processing, though it may not have
completely finished reacting from the event -- for example, if it needs
to update its display as a result, it may still be in the process of
doing that.
Params: event – A motion event describing the trackball action. (As noted in MotionEvent.obtain(long, long, int, float, float, int), be sure to use SystemClock.uptimeMillis() as the timebase./**
     * Dispatch a trackball event. Finished at some point after the recipient has
     * returned from its event processing, though it may <em>not</em> have
     * completely finished reacting from the event -- for example, if it needs
     * to update its display as a result, it may still be in the process of
     * doing that.
     * 
     * @param event A motion event describing the trackball action.  (As noted in 
     * {@link MotionEvent#obtain(long, long, int, float, float, int)}, be sure to use 
     * {@link SystemClock#uptimeMillis()} as the timebase.
     */
    public void sendTrackballEventSync(MotionEvent event) {
        validateNotAppThread();
        if ((event.getSource() & InputDevice.SOURCE_CLASS_TRACKBALL) == 0) {
            event.setSource(InputDevice.SOURCE_TRACKBALL);
        }
        InputManager.getInstance().injectInputEvent(event,
                InputManager.INJECT_INPUT_EVENT_MODE_WAIT_FOR_FINISH);
    }

    Perform instantiation of the process's Application object. The default implementation provides the normal system behavior. 
Params: cl – The ClassLoader with which to instantiate the object.
className – The name of the class implementing the Application
                 object.
context – The context to initialize the application with
Returns: The newly instantiated Application object./**
     * Perform instantiation of the process's {@link Application} object.  The
     * default implementation provides the normal system behavior.
     * 
     * @param cl The ClassLoader with which to instantiate the object.
     * @param className The name of the class implementing the Application
     *                  object.
     * @param context The context to initialize the application with
     * 
     * @return The newly instantiated Application object.
     */
    public Application newApplication(ClassLoader cl, String className, Context context)
            throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, 
            ClassNotFoundException {
        Application app = getFactory(context.getPackageName())
                .instantiateApplication(cl, className);
        app.attach(context);
        return app;
    }
    
    Perform instantiation of the process's Application object. The default implementation provides the normal system behavior. 
Params: clazz – The class used to create an Application object from.
context – The context to initialize the application with
Returns: The newly instantiated Application object./**
     * Perform instantiation of the process's {@link Application} object.  The
     * default implementation provides the normal system behavior.
     * 
     * @param clazz The class used to create an Application object from.
     * @param context The context to initialize the application with
     * 
     * @return The newly instantiated Application object.
     */
    static public Application newApplication(Class<?> clazz, Context context)
            throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException, 
            ClassNotFoundException {
        Application app = (Application)clazz.newInstance();
        app.attach(context);
        return app;
    }

    Perform calling of the application's Application.onCreate method. The default implementation simply calls through to that method. Note: This method will be called immediately after onCreate(Bundle). Often instrumentation tests start their test thread in onCreate(); you need to be careful of races between these. (Well between it and everything else, but let's start here.) 
Params: app – The application being created./**
     * Perform calling of the application's {@link Application#onCreate}
     * method.  The default implementation simply calls through to that method.
     *
     * <p>Note: This method will be called immediately after {@link #onCreate(Bundle)}.
     * Often instrumentation tests start their test thread in onCreate(); you
     * need to be careful of races between these.  (Well between it and
     * everything else, but let's start here.)
     *
     * @param app The application being created.
     */
    public void callApplicationOnCreate(Application app) {
        app.onCreate();
    }
    
    Perform instantiation of an Activity object. This method is intended for use with unit tests, such as android.test.ActivityUnitTestCase. The activity will be useable locally but will be missing some of the linkages necessary for use within the system. 
Params: clazz – The Class of the desired Activity
context – The base context for the activity to use
token – The token for this activity to communicate with
application – The application object (if any)
intent – The intent that started this Activity
info – ActivityInfo from the manifest
title – The title, typically retrieved from the ActivityInfo record
parent – The parent Activity (if any)
id – The embedded Id (if any)
lastNonConfigurationInstance – Arbitrary object that will be available via 
Activity.getLastNonConfigurationInstance().
Throws: InstantiationException – 
IllegalAccessException – 
Returns: Returns the instantiated activity/**
     * Perform instantiation of an {@link Activity} object.  This method is intended for use with
     * unit tests, such as android.test.ActivityUnitTestCase.  The activity will be useable
     * locally but will be missing some of the linkages necessary for use within the system.
     * 
     * @param clazz The Class of the desired Activity
     * @param context The base context for the activity to use
     * @param token The token for this activity to communicate with
     * @param application The application object (if any)
     * @param intent The intent that started this Activity
     * @param info ActivityInfo from the manifest
     * @param title The title, typically retrieved from the ActivityInfo record
     * @param parent The parent Activity (if any)
     * @param id The embedded Id (if any)
     * @param lastNonConfigurationInstance Arbitrary object that will be
     * available via {@link Activity#getLastNonConfigurationInstance()
     * Activity.getLastNonConfigurationInstance()}.
     * @return Returns the instantiated activity
     * @throws InstantiationException
     * @throws IllegalAccessException
     */
    public Activity newActivity(Class<?> clazz, Context context, 
            IBinder token, Application application, Intent intent, ActivityInfo info, 
            CharSequence title, Activity parent, String id,
            Object lastNonConfigurationInstance) throws InstantiationException, 
            IllegalAccessException {
        Activity activity = (Activity)clazz.newInstance();
        ActivityThread aThread = null;
        // Activity.attach expects a non-null Application Object.
        if (application == null) {
            application = new Application();
        }
        activity.attach(context, aThread, this, token, 0 /* ident */, application, intent,
                info, title, parent, id,
                (Activity.NonConfigurationInstances)lastNonConfigurationInstance,
                new Configuration(), null /* referrer */, null /* voiceInteractor */,
                null /* window */, null /* activityConfigCallback */);
        return activity;
    }

    Perform instantiation of the process's Activity object. The default implementation provides the normal system behavior. 
Params: cl – The ClassLoader with which to instantiate the object.
className – The name of the class implementing the Activity
                 object.
intent – The Intent object that specified the activity class being
              instantiated.
Returns: The newly instantiated Activity object./**
     * Perform instantiation of the process's {@link Activity} object.  The
     * default implementation provides the normal system behavior.
     * 
     * @param cl The ClassLoader with which to instantiate the object.
     * @param className The name of the class implementing the Activity
     *                  object.
     * @param intent The Intent object that specified the activity class being
     *               instantiated.
     * 
     * @return The newly instantiated Activity object.
     */
    public Activity newActivity(ClassLoader cl, String className,
            Intent intent)
            throws InstantiationException, IllegalAccessException,
            ClassNotFoundException {
        String pkg = intent != null && intent.getComponent() != null
                ? intent.getComponent().getPackageName() : null;
        return getFactory(pkg).instantiateActivity(cl, className, intent);
    }

    private AppComponentFactory getFactory(String pkg) {
        if (pkg == null) {
            Log.e(TAG, "No pkg specified, disabling AppComponentFactory");
            return AppComponentFactory.DEFAULT;
        }
        if (mThread == null) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Uninitialized ActivityThread, likely app-created Instrumentation,"
                    + " disabling AppComponentFactory", new Throwable());
            return AppComponentFactory.DEFAULT;
        }
        LoadedApk apk = mThread.peekPackageInfo(pkg, true);
        // This is in the case of starting up "android".
        if (apk == null) apk = mThread.getSystemContext().mPackageInfo;
        return apk.getAppFactory();
    }

    private void prePerformCreate(Activity activity) {
        if (mWaitingActivities != null) {
            synchronized (mSync) {
                final int N = mWaitingActivities.size();
                for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
                    final ActivityWaiter aw = mWaitingActivities.get(i);
                    final Intent intent = aw.intent;
                    if (intent.filterEquals(activity.getIntent())) {
                        aw.activity = activity;
                        mMessageQueue.addIdleHandler(new ActivityGoing(aw));
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private void postPerformCreate(Activity activity) {
        if (mActivityMonitors != null) {
            synchronized (mSync) {
                final int N = mActivityMonitors.size();
                for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
                    final ActivityMonitor am = mActivityMonitors.get(i);
                    am.match(activity, activity, activity.getIntent());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    Perform calling of an activity's Activity.onCreate method. The default implementation simply calls through to that method. 
Params: activity – The activity being created.
icicle – The previously frozen state (or null) to pass through to onCreate()./**
     * Perform calling of an activity's {@link Activity#onCreate}
     * method.  The default implementation simply calls through to that method.
     *
     * @param activity The activity being created.
     * @param icicle The previously frozen state (or null) to pass through to onCreate().
     */
    public void callActivityOnCreate(Activity activity, Bundle icicle) {
        prePerformCreate(activity);
        activity.performCreate(icicle);
        postPerformCreate(activity);
    }

    Perform calling of an activity's Activity.onCreate method. The default implementation simply calls through to that method. @param activity The activity being created. 
Params: icicle – The previously frozen state (or null) to pass through to
persistentState – The previously persisted state (or null)/**
     * Perform calling of an activity's {@link Activity#onCreate}
     * method.  The default implementation simply calls through to that method.
     *  @param activity The activity being created.
     * @param icicle The previously frozen state (or null) to pass through to
     * @param persistentState The previously persisted state (or null)
     */
    public void callActivityOnCreate(Activity activity, Bundle icicle,
            PersistableBundle persistentState) {
        prePerformCreate(activity);
        activity.performCreate(icicle, persistentState);
        postPerformCreate(activity);
    }
    
    public void callActivityOnDestroy(Activity activity) {
      // TODO: the following block causes intermittent hangs when using startActivity
      // temporarily comment out until root cause is fixed (bug 2630683)
//      if (mWaitingActivities != null) {
//          synchronized (mSync) {
//              final int N = mWaitingActivities.size();
//              for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
//                  final ActivityWaiter aw = mWaitingActivities.get(i);
//                  final Intent intent = aw.intent;
//                  if (intent.filterEquals(activity.getIntent())) {
//                      aw.activity = activity;
//                      mMessageQueue.addIdleHandler(new ActivityGoing(aw));
//                  }
//              }
//          }
//      }
      
      activity.performDestroy();
  }

    Perform calling of an activity's Activity.onRestoreInstanceState method. The default implementation simply calls through to that method. 
Params: activity – The activity being restored.
savedInstanceState – The previously saved state being restored./**
     * Perform calling of an activity's {@link Activity#onRestoreInstanceState}
     * method.  The default implementation simply calls through to that method.
     *
     * @param activity The activity being restored.
     * @param savedInstanceState The previously saved state being restored.
     */
    public void callActivityOnRestoreInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        activity.performRestoreInstanceState(savedInstanceState);
    }

    Perform calling of an activity's Activity.onRestoreInstanceState method. The default implementation simply calls through to that method. 
Params: activity – The activity being restored.
savedInstanceState – The previously saved state being restored.
persistentState – The previously persisted state (or null)/**
     * Perform calling of an activity's {@link Activity#onRestoreInstanceState}
     * method.  The default implementation simply calls through to that method.
     *
     * @param activity The activity being restored.
     * @param savedInstanceState The previously saved state being restored.
     * @param persistentState The previously persisted state (or null)
     */
    public void callActivityOnRestoreInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle savedInstanceState,
            PersistableBundle persistentState) {
        activity.performRestoreInstanceState(savedInstanceState, persistentState);
    }

    Perform calling of an activity's Activity.onPostCreate method. The default implementation simply calls through to that method. 
Params: activity – The activity being created.
icicle – The previously frozen state (or null) to pass through to
              onPostCreate()./**
     * Perform calling of an activity's {@link Activity#onPostCreate} method.
     * The default implementation simply calls through to that method.
     *
     * @param activity The activity being created.
     * @param icicle The previously frozen state (or null) to pass through to
     *               onPostCreate().
     */
    public void callActivityOnPostCreate(Activity activity, Bundle icicle) {
        activity.onPostCreate(icicle);
    }

    Perform calling of an activity's Activity.onPostCreate method. The default implementation simply calls through to that method. 
Params: activity – The activity being created.
icicle – The previously frozen state (or null) to pass through to
              onPostCreate()./**
     * Perform calling of an activity's {@link Activity#onPostCreate} method.
     * The default implementation simply calls through to that method.
     *
     * @param activity The activity being created.
     * @param icicle The previously frozen state (or null) to pass through to
     *               onPostCreate().
     */
    public void callActivityOnPostCreate(Activity activity, Bundle icicle,
            PersistableBundle persistentState) {
        activity.onPostCreate(icicle, persistentState);
    }

    Perform calling of an activity's Activity.onNewIntent method. The default implementation simply calls through to that method. 
Params: activity – The activity receiving a new Intent.
intent – The new intent being received./**
     * Perform calling of an activity's {@link Activity#onNewIntent}
     * method.  The default implementation simply calls through to that method.
     * 
     * @param activity The activity receiving a new Intent.
     * @param intent The new intent being received.
     */
    public void callActivityOnNewIntent(Activity activity, Intent intent) {
        activity.performNewIntent(intent);
    }

    @hide /**
     * @hide
     */
    public void callActivityOnNewIntent(Activity activity, ReferrerIntent intent) {
        final String oldReferrer = activity.mReferrer;
        try {
            if (intent != null) {
                activity.mReferrer = intent.mReferrer;
            }
            callActivityOnNewIntent(activity, intent != null ? new Intent(intent) : null);
        } finally {
            activity.mReferrer = oldReferrer;
        }
    }

    Perform calling of an activity's Activity.onStart method. The default implementation simply calls through to that method. 
Params: activity – The activity being started./**
     * Perform calling of an activity's {@link Activity#onStart}
     * method.  The default implementation simply calls through to that method.
     * 
     * @param activity The activity being started.
     */
    public void callActivityOnStart(Activity activity) {
        activity.onStart();
    }

    Perform calling of an activity's Activity.onRestart method. The default implementation simply calls through to that method. 
Params: activity – The activity being restarted./**
     * Perform calling of an activity's {@link Activity#onRestart}
     * method.  The default implementation simply calls through to that method.
     * 
     * @param activity The activity being restarted.
     */
    public void callActivityOnRestart(Activity activity) {
        activity.onRestart();
    }

    Perform calling of an activity's Activity.onResume method. The default implementation simply calls through to that method. 
Params: activity – The activity being resumed./**
     * Perform calling of an activity's {@link Activity#onResume} method.  The
     * default implementation simply calls through to that method.
     * 
     * @param activity The activity being resumed.
     */
    public void callActivityOnResume(Activity activity) {
        activity.mResumed = true;
        activity.onResume();
        
        if (mActivityMonitors != null) {
            synchronized (mSync) {
                final int N = mActivityMonitors.size();
                for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
                    final ActivityMonitor am = mActivityMonitors.get(i);
                    am.match(activity, activity, activity.getIntent());
                }
            }
        }
    }

    Perform calling of an activity's Activity.onStop method. The default implementation simply calls through to that method. 
Params: activity – The activity being stopped./**
     * Perform calling of an activity's {@link Activity#onStop}
     * method.  The default implementation simply calls through to that method.
     * 
     * @param activity The activity being stopped.
     */
    public void callActivityOnStop(Activity activity) {
        activity.onStop();
    }

    Perform calling of an activity's Activity.onSaveInstanceState method. The default implementation simply calls through to that method. 
Params: activity – The activity being saved.
outState – The bundle to pass to the call./**
     * Perform calling of an activity's {@link Activity#onSaveInstanceState}
     * method.  The default implementation simply calls through to that method.
     *
     * @param activity The activity being saved.
     * @param outState The bundle to pass to the call.
     */
    public void callActivityOnSaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle outState) {
        activity.performSaveInstanceState(outState);
    }

    Perform calling of an activity's Activity.onSaveInstanceState method. The default implementation simply calls through to that method. @param activity The activity being saved. 
Params: outState – The bundle to pass to the call.
outPersistentState – The persistent bundle to pass to the call./**
     * Perform calling of an activity's {@link Activity#onSaveInstanceState}
     * method.  The default implementation simply calls through to that method.
     *  @param activity The activity being saved.
     * @param outState The bundle to pass to the call.
     * @param outPersistentState The persistent bundle to pass to the call.
     */
    public void callActivityOnSaveInstanceState(Activity activity, Bundle outState,
            PersistableBundle outPersistentState) {
        activity.performSaveInstanceState(outState, outPersistentState);
    }

    Perform calling of an activity's Activity.onPause method. The default implementation simply calls through to that method. 
Params: activity – The activity being paused./**
     * Perform calling of an activity's {@link Activity#onPause} method.  The
     * default implementation simply calls through to that method.
     * 
     * @param activity The activity being paused.
     */
    public void callActivityOnPause(Activity activity) {
        activity.performPause();
    }
    
    Perform calling of an activity's Activity.onUserLeaveHint method. The default implementation simply calls through to that method. 
Params: activity – The activity being notified that the user has navigated away/**
     * Perform calling of an activity's {@link Activity#onUserLeaveHint} method.
     * The default implementation simply calls through to that method.
     * 
     * @param activity The activity being notified that the user has navigated away
     */
    public void callActivityOnUserLeaving(Activity activity) {
        activity.performUserLeaving();
    }
    
    /*
     * Starts allocation counting. This triggers a gc and resets the counts.
     *
     * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public void startAllocCounting() {
        // Before we start trigger a GC and reset the debug counts. Run the 
        // finalizers and another GC before starting and stopping the alloc
        // counts. This will free up any objects that were just sitting around 
        // waiting for their finalizers to be run.
        Runtime.getRuntime().gc();
        Runtime.getRuntime().runFinalization();
        Runtime.getRuntime().gc();

        Debug.resetAllCounts();
        
        // start the counts
        Debug.startAllocCounting();
    }
    
    /*
     * Stops allocation counting.
     *
     * @deprecated Accurate counting is a burden on the runtime and may be removed.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public void stopAllocCounting() {
        Runtime.getRuntime().gc();
        Runtime.getRuntime().runFinalization();
        Runtime.getRuntime().gc();
        Debug.stopAllocCounting();
    }
    
    If Results already contains Key, it appends Value to the key's ArrayList
associated with the key. If the key doesn't already exist in results, it
adds the key/value pair to results.
/**
     * If Results already contains Key, it appends Value to the key's ArrayList
     * associated with the key. If the key doesn't already exist in results, it
     * adds the key/value pair to results.
     */
    private void addValue(String key, int value, Bundle results) {
        if (results.containsKey(key)) {
            List<Integer> list = results.getIntegerArrayList(key);
            if (list != null) {
                list.add(value);
            }
        } else {
            ArrayList<Integer> list = new ArrayList<Integer>();
            list.add(value);
            results.putIntegerArrayList(key, list);
        }
    }

    Returns a bundle with the current results from the allocation counting.
/**
     * Returns a bundle with the current results from the allocation counting.
     */
    public Bundle getAllocCounts() {
        Bundle results = new Bundle();
        results.putLong("global_alloc_count", Debug.getGlobalAllocCount());
        results.putLong("global_alloc_size", Debug.getGlobalAllocSize());
        results.putLong("global_freed_count", Debug.getGlobalFreedCount());
        results.putLong("global_freed_size", Debug.getGlobalFreedSize());
        results.putLong("gc_invocation_count", Debug.getGlobalGcInvocationCount());    
        return results;
    }

    Returns a bundle with the counts for various binder counts for this process. Currently the only two that are
reported are the number of send and the number of received transactions.
/**
     * Returns a bundle with the counts for various binder counts for this process. Currently the only two that are
     * reported are the number of send and the number of received transactions.
     */
    public Bundle getBinderCounts() {
        Bundle results = new Bundle();
        results.putLong("sent_transactions", Debug.getBinderSentTransactions());
        results.putLong("received_transactions", Debug.getBinderReceivedTransactions());
        return results;
    }
    
    Description of a Activity execution result to return to the original
activity.
/**
     * Description of a Activity execution result to return to the original
     * activity.
     */
    public static final class ActivityResult {
        Create a new activity result. See Activity.setResult for more information. 
Params: resultCode – The result code to propagate back to the
originating activity, often RESULT_CANCELED or RESULT_OK
resultData – The data to propagate back to the originating
activity./**
         * Create a new activity result.  See {@link Activity#setResult} for 
         * more information. 
         *  
         * @param resultCode The result code to propagate back to the
         * originating activity, often RESULT_CANCELED or RESULT_OK
         * @param resultData The data to propagate back to the originating
         * activity.
         */
        public ActivityResult(int resultCode, Intent resultData) {
            mResultCode = resultCode;
            mResultData = resultData;
        }

        Retrieve the result code contained in this result.
/**
         * Retrieve the result code contained in this result.
         */
        public int getResultCode() {
            return mResultCode;
        }

        Retrieve the data contained in this result.
/**
         * Retrieve the data contained in this result.
         */
        public Intent getResultData() {
            return mResultData;
        }

        private final int mResultCode;
        private final Intent mResultData;
    }

    Execute a startActivity call made by the application. The default implementation takes care of updating any active ActivityMonitor objects and dispatches this call to the system activity manager; you can override this to watch for the application to start an activity, and modify what happens when it does. This method returns an ActivityResult object, which you can use when intercepting application calls to avoid performing the start activity action but still return the result the application is expecting. To do this, override this method to catch the call to start activity so that it returns a new ActivityResult containing the results you would like the application to see, and don't call up to the super class. Note that an application is only expecting a result if requestCode is >= 0.
This method throws ActivityNotFoundException if there was no Activity found to run the given Intent. 
Params: who – The Context from which the activity is being started.
contextThread – The main thread of the Context from which the activity
                     is being started.
token – Internal token identifying to the system who is starting 
             the activity; may be null.
target – Which activity is performing the start (and thus receiving 
              any result); may be null if this call is not being made
              from an activity.
intent – The actual Intent to start.
requestCode – Identifier for this request's result; less than zero 
                   if the caller is not expecting a result.
options – Addition options.
Throws: ActivityNotFoundException – 
See Also: Activity.startActivity(Intent)
Activity.startActivityForResult(Intent, int)

{@hide}
Returns: To force the return of a particular result, return an 
        ActivityResult object containing the desired data; otherwise
        return null.  The default implementation always returns null./**
     * Execute a startActivity call made by the application.  The default 
     * implementation takes care of updating any active {@link ActivityMonitor}
     * objects and dispatches this call to the system activity manager; you can
     * override this to watch for the application to start an activity, and 
     * modify what happens when it does. 
     *
     * <p>This method returns an {@link ActivityResult} object, which you can 
     * use when intercepting application calls to avoid performing the start 
     * activity action but still return the result the application is 
     * expecting.  To do this, override this method to catch the call to start 
     * activity so that it returns a new ActivityResult containing the results 
     * you would like the application to see, and don't call up to the super 
     * class.  Note that an application is only expecting a result if 
     * <var>requestCode</var> is &gt;= 0.
     *
     * <p>This method throws {@link android.content.ActivityNotFoundException}
     * if there was no Activity found to run the given Intent.
     *
     * @param who The Context from which the activity is being started.
     * @param contextThread The main thread of the Context from which the activity
     *                      is being started.
     * @param token Internal token identifying to the system who is starting 
     *              the activity; may be null.
     * @param target Which activity is performing the start (and thus receiving 
     *               any result); may be null if this call is not being made
     *               from an activity.
     * @param intent The actual Intent to start.
     * @param requestCode Identifier for this request's result; less than zero 
     *                    if the caller is not expecting a result.
     * @param options Addition options.
     *
     * @return To force the return of a particular result, return an 
     *         ActivityResult object containing the desired data; otherwise
     *         return null.  The default implementation always returns null.
     *
     * @throws android.content.ActivityNotFoundException
     *
     * @see Activity#startActivity(Intent)
     * @see Activity#startActivityForResult(Intent, int)
     * @see Activity#startActivityFromChild
     *
     * {@hide}
     */
    public ActivityResult execStartActivity(
            Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, Activity target,
            Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
        IApplicationThread whoThread = (IApplicationThread) contextThread;
        Uri referrer = target != null ? target.onProvideReferrer() : null;
        if (referrer != null) {
            intent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_REFERRER, referrer);
        }
        if (mActivityMonitors != null) {
            synchronized (mSync) {
                final int N = mActivityMonitors.size();
                for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
                    final ActivityMonitor am = mActivityMonitors.get(i);
                    ActivityResult result = null;
                    if (am.ignoreMatchingSpecificIntents()) {
                        result = am.onStartActivity(intent);
                    }
                    if (result != null) {
                        am.mHits++;
                        return result;
                    } else if (am.match(who, null, intent)) {
                        am.mHits++;
                        if (am.isBlocking()) {
                            return requestCode >= 0 ? am.getResult() : null;
                        }
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        try {
            intent.migrateExtraStreamToClipData();
            intent.prepareToLeaveProcess(who);
            int result = ActivityManager.getService()
                .startActivity(whoThread, who.getBasePackageName(), intent,
                        intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver()),
                        token, target != null ? target.mEmbeddedID : null,
                        requestCode, 0, null, options);
            checkStartActivityResult(result, intent);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Failure from system", e);
        }
        return null;
    }

    Like execStartActivity(Context, IBinder, IBinder, Activity, Intent, int, Bundle), but accepts an array of activities to be started. Note that active ActivityMonitor objects only match against the first activity in the array. {@hide} /**
     * Like {@link #execStartActivity(Context, IBinder, IBinder, Activity, Intent, int, Bundle)},
     * but accepts an array of activities to be started.  Note that active
     * {@link ActivityMonitor} objects only match against the first activity in
     * the array.
     *
     * {@hide}
     */
    public void execStartActivities(Context who, IBinder contextThread,
            IBinder token, Activity target, Intent[] intents, Bundle options) {
        execStartActivitiesAsUser(who, contextThread, token, target, intents, options,
                who.getUserId());
    }

    Like execStartActivity(Context, IBinder, IBinder, Activity, Intent, int, Bundle), but accepts an array of activities to be started. Note that active ActivityMonitor objects only match against the first activity in the array. 
Returns: The corresponding flag ActivityManager.START_CANCELED, ActivityManager.START_SUCCESS etc. indicating whether the launch was successful. {@hide}/**
     * Like {@link #execStartActivity(Context, IBinder, IBinder, Activity, Intent, int, Bundle)},
     * but accepts an array of activities to be started.  Note that active
     * {@link ActivityMonitor} objects only match against the first activity in
     * the array.
     *
     * @return The corresponding flag {@link ActivityManager#START_CANCELED},
     *         {@link ActivityManager#START_SUCCESS} etc. indicating whether the launch was
     *         successful.
     *
     * {@hide}
     */
    public int execStartActivitiesAsUser(Context who, IBinder contextThread,
            IBinder token, Activity target, Intent[] intents, Bundle options,
            int userId) {
        IApplicationThread whoThread = (IApplicationThread) contextThread;
        if (mActivityMonitors != null) {
            synchronized (mSync) {
                final int N = mActivityMonitors.size();
                for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
                    final ActivityMonitor am = mActivityMonitors.get(i);
                    ActivityResult result = null;
                    if (am.ignoreMatchingSpecificIntents()) {
                        result = am.onStartActivity(intents[0]);
                    }
                    if (result != null) {
                        am.mHits++;
                        return ActivityManager.START_CANCELED;
                    } else if (am.match(who, null, intents[0])) {
                        am.mHits++;
                        if (am.isBlocking()) {
                            return ActivityManager.START_CANCELED;
                        }
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        try {
            String[] resolvedTypes = new String[intents.length];
            for (int i=0; i<intents.length; i++) {
                intents[i].migrateExtraStreamToClipData();
                intents[i].prepareToLeaveProcess(who);
                resolvedTypes[i] = intents[i].resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver());
            }
            int result = ActivityManager.getService()
                .startActivities(whoThread, who.getBasePackageName(), intents, resolvedTypes,
                        token, options, userId);
            checkStartActivityResult(result, intents[0]);
            return result;
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Failure from system", e);
        }
    }

    Like execStartActivity(Context, IBinder, IBinder, String, Intent, int, Bundle), but for calls from a Fragment. 
Params: who – The Context from which the activity is being started.
contextThread – The main thread of the Context from which the activity
                     is being started.
token – Internal token identifying to the system who is starting 
             the activity; may be null.
target – Which element is performing the start (and thus receiving 
              any result).
intent – The actual Intent to start.
requestCode – Identifier for this request's result; less than zero 
                   if the caller is not expecting a result.
Throws: ActivityNotFoundException – 
See Also: Activity.startActivity(Intent)
Activity.startActivityForResult(Intent, int)

{@hide}
Returns: To force the return of a particular result, return an 
        ActivityResult object containing the desired data; otherwise
        return null.  The default implementation always returns null./**
     * Like {@link #execStartActivity(android.content.Context, android.os.IBinder,
     * android.os.IBinder, String, android.content.Intent, int, android.os.Bundle)},
     * but for calls from a {@link Fragment}.
     * 
     * @param who The Context from which the activity is being started.
     * @param contextThread The main thread of the Context from which the activity
     *                      is being started.
     * @param token Internal token identifying to the system who is starting 
     *              the activity; may be null.
     * @param target Which element is performing the start (and thus receiving 
     *               any result).
     * @param intent The actual Intent to start.
     * @param requestCode Identifier for this request's result; less than zero 
     *                    if the caller is not expecting a result.
     * 
     * @return To force the return of a particular result, return an 
     *         ActivityResult object containing the desired data; otherwise
     *         return null.  The default implementation always returns null.
     *  
     * @throws android.content.ActivityNotFoundException
     * 
     * @see Activity#startActivity(Intent)
     * @see Activity#startActivityForResult(Intent, int)
     * @see Activity#startActivityFromChild
     * 
     * {@hide}
     */
    public ActivityResult execStartActivity(
        Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, String target,
        Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options) {
        IApplicationThread whoThread = (IApplicationThread) contextThread;
        if (mActivityMonitors != null) {
            synchronized (mSync) {
                final int N = mActivityMonitors.size();
                for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
                    final ActivityMonitor am = mActivityMonitors.get(i);
                    ActivityResult result = null;
                    if (am.ignoreMatchingSpecificIntents()) {
                        result = am.onStartActivity(intent);
                    }
                    if (result != null) {
                        am.mHits++;
                        return result;
                    } else if (am.match(who, null, intent)) {
                        am.mHits++;
                        if (am.isBlocking()) {
                            return requestCode >= 0 ? am.getResult() : null;
                        }
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        try {
            intent.migrateExtraStreamToClipData();
            intent.prepareToLeaveProcess(who);
            int result = ActivityManager.getService()
                .startActivity(whoThread, who.getBasePackageName(), intent,
                        intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver()),
                        token, target, requestCode, 0, null, options);
            checkStartActivityResult(result, intent);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Failure from system", e);
        }
        return null;
    }

    Like execStartActivity(Context, IBinder, IBinder, Activity, Intent, int, Bundle), but for starting as a particular user. 
Params: who – The Context from which the activity is being started.
contextThread – The main thread of the Context from which the activity
                     is being started.
token – Internal token identifying to the system who is starting
             the activity; may be null.
target – Which fragment is performing the start (and thus receiving
              any result).
intent – The actual Intent to start.
requestCode – Identifier for this request's result; less than zero
                   if the caller is not expecting a result.
Throws: ActivityNotFoundException – 
See Also: Activity.startActivity(Intent)
Activity.startActivityForResult(Intent, int)

{@hide}
Returns: To force the return of a particular result, return an
        ActivityResult object containing the desired data; otherwise
        return null.  The default implementation always returns null./**
     * Like {@link #execStartActivity(Context, IBinder, IBinder, Activity, Intent, int, Bundle)},
     * but for starting as a particular user.
     *
     * @param who The Context from which the activity is being started.
     * @param contextThread The main thread of the Context from which the activity
     *                      is being started.
     * @param token Internal token identifying to the system who is starting
     *              the activity; may be null.
     * @param target Which fragment is performing the start (and thus receiving
     *               any result).
     * @param intent The actual Intent to start.
     * @param requestCode Identifier for this request's result; less than zero
     *                    if the caller is not expecting a result.
     *
     * @return To force the return of a particular result, return an
     *         ActivityResult object containing the desired data; otherwise
     *         return null.  The default implementation always returns null.
     *
     * @throws android.content.ActivityNotFoundException
     *
     * @see Activity#startActivity(Intent)
     * @see Activity#startActivityForResult(Intent, int)
     * @see Activity#startActivityFromChild
     *
     * {@hide}
     */
    public ActivityResult execStartActivity(
            Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, String resultWho,
            Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options, UserHandle user) {
        IApplicationThread whoThread = (IApplicationThread) contextThread;
        if (mActivityMonitors != null) {
            synchronized (mSync) {
                final int N = mActivityMonitors.size();
                for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
                    final ActivityMonitor am = mActivityMonitors.get(i);
                    ActivityResult result = null;
                    if (am.ignoreMatchingSpecificIntents()) {
                        result = am.onStartActivity(intent);
                    }
                    if (result != null) {
                        am.mHits++;
                        return result;
                    } else if (am.match(who, null, intent)) {
                        am.mHits++;
                        if (am.isBlocking()) {
                            return requestCode >= 0 ? am.getResult() : null;
                        }
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        try {
            intent.migrateExtraStreamToClipData();
            intent.prepareToLeaveProcess(who);
            int result = ActivityManager.getService()
                .startActivityAsUser(whoThread, who.getBasePackageName(), intent,
                        intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver()),
                        token, resultWho,
                        requestCode, 0, null, options, user.getIdentifier());
            checkStartActivityResult(result, intent);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Failure from system", e);
        }
        return null;
    }

    Special version!
@hide /**
     * Special version!
     * @hide
     */
    public ActivityResult execStartActivityAsCaller(
            Context who, IBinder contextThread, IBinder token, Activity target,
            Intent intent, int requestCode, Bundle options, boolean ignoreTargetSecurity,
            int userId) {
        IApplicationThread whoThread = (IApplicationThread) contextThread;
        if (mActivityMonitors != null) {
            synchronized (mSync) {
                final int N = mActivityMonitors.size();
                for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
                    final ActivityMonitor am = mActivityMonitors.get(i);
                    ActivityResult result = null;
                    if (am.ignoreMatchingSpecificIntents()) {
                        result = am.onStartActivity(intent);
                    }
                    if (result != null) {
                        am.mHits++;
                        return result;
                    } else if (am.match(who, null, intent)) {
                        am.mHits++;
                        if (am.isBlocking()) {
                            return requestCode >= 0 ? am.getResult() : null;
                        }
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        try {
            intent.migrateExtraStreamToClipData();
            intent.prepareToLeaveProcess(who);
            int result = ActivityManager.getService()
                .startActivityAsCaller(whoThread, who.getBasePackageName(), intent,
                        intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver()),
                        token, target != null ? target.mEmbeddedID : null,
                        requestCode, 0, null, options, ignoreTargetSecurity, userId);
            checkStartActivityResult(result, intent);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Failure from system", e);
        }
        return null;
    }

    Special version!
@hide /**
     * Special version!
     * @hide
     */
    public void execStartActivityFromAppTask(
            Context who, IBinder contextThread, IAppTask appTask,
            Intent intent, Bundle options) {
        IApplicationThread whoThread = (IApplicationThread) contextThread;
        if (mActivityMonitors != null) {
            synchronized (mSync) {
                final int N = mActivityMonitors.size();
                for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
                    final ActivityMonitor am = mActivityMonitors.get(i);
                    ActivityResult result = null;
                    if (am.ignoreMatchingSpecificIntents()) {
                        result = am.onStartActivity(intent);
                    }
                    if (result != null) {
                        am.mHits++;
                        return;
                    } else if (am.match(who, null, intent)) {
                        am.mHits++;
                        if (am.isBlocking()) {
                            return;
                        }
                        break;
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        try {
            intent.migrateExtraStreamToClipData();
            intent.prepareToLeaveProcess(who);
            int result = appTask.startActivity(whoThread.asBinder(), who.getBasePackageName(),
                    intent, intent.resolveTypeIfNeeded(who.getContentResolver()), options);
            checkStartActivityResult(result, intent);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException("Failure from system", e);
        }
        return;
    }

    /*package*/ final void init(ActivityThread thread,
            Context instrContext, Context appContext, ComponentName component, 
            IInstrumentationWatcher watcher, IUiAutomationConnection uiAutomationConnection) {
        mThread = thread;
        mMessageQueue = mThread.getLooper().myQueue();
        mInstrContext = instrContext;
        mAppContext = appContext;
        mComponent = component;
        mWatcher = watcher;
        mUiAutomationConnection = uiAutomationConnection;
    }

    Only sets the ActivityThread up, keeps everything else null because app is not being
instrumented.
/**
     * Only sets the ActivityThread up, keeps everything else null because app is not being
     * instrumented.
     */
    final void basicInit(ActivityThread thread) {
        mThread = thread;
    }

    @hide /** @hide */
    public static void checkStartActivityResult(int res, Object intent) {
        if (!ActivityManager.isStartResultFatalError(res)) {
            return;
        }

        switch (res) {
            case ActivityManager.START_INTENT_NOT_RESOLVED:
            case ActivityManager.START_CLASS_NOT_FOUND:
                if (intent instanceof Intent && ((Intent)intent).getComponent() != null)
                    throw new ActivityNotFoundException(
                            "Unable to find explicit activity class "
                            + ((Intent)intent).getComponent().toShortString()
                            + "; have you declared this activity in your AndroidManifest.xml?");
                throw new ActivityNotFoundException(
                        "No Activity found to handle " + intent);
            case ActivityManager.START_PERMISSION_DENIED:
                throw new SecurityException("Not allowed to start activity "
                        + intent);
            case ActivityManager.START_FORWARD_AND_REQUEST_CONFLICT:
                throw new AndroidRuntimeException(
                        "FORWARD_RESULT_FLAG used while also requesting a result");
            case ActivityManager.START_NOT_ACTIVITY:
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "PendingIntent is not an activity");
            case ActivityManager.START_NOT_VOICE_COMPATIBLE:
                throw new SecurityException(
                        "Starting under voice control not allowed for: " + intent);
            case ActivityManager.START_VOICE_NOT_ACTIVE_SESSION:
                throw new IllegalStateException(
                        "Session calling startVoiceActivity does not match active session");
            case ActivityManager.START_VOICE_HIDDEN_SESSION:
                throw new IllegalStateException(
                        "Cannot start voice activity on a hidden session");
            case ActivityManager.START_ASSISTANT_NOT_ACTIVE_SESSION:
                throw new IllegalStateException(
                        "Session calling startAssistantActivity does not match active session");
            case ActivityManager.START_ASSISTANT_HIDDEN_SESSION:
                throw new IllegalStateException(
                        "Cannot start assistant activity on a hidden session");
            case ActivityManager.START_CANCELED:
                throw new AndroidRuntimeException("Activity could not be started for "
                        + intent);
            default:
                throw new AndroidRuntimeException("Unknown error code "
                        + res + " when starting " + intent);
        }
    }

    private final void validateNotAppThread() {
        if (Looper.myLooper() == Looper.getMainLooper()) {
            throw new RuntimeException(
                "This method can not be called from the main application thread");
        }
    }

    Gets the UiAutomation instance with no flags set. 
Note: The APIs exposed via the returned UiAutomation work across application boundaries while the APIs exposed by the instrumentation do not. For example, sendPointerSync(MotionEvent) will not allow you to inject the event in an app different from the instrumentation target, while UiAutomation.injectInputEvent(InputEvent, boolean) will work regardless of the current application. 
 A typical test case should be using either the UiAutomation or Instrumentation APIs. Using both APIs at the same time is not a mistake by itself but a client has to be aware of the APIs limitations. 
 Equivalent to getUiAutomation(0). If a UiAutomation exists with different flags, the flags on that instance will be changed, and then it will be returned. 
See Also: UiAutomation
Returns: The UI automation instance./**
     * Gets the {@link UiAutomation} instance with no flags set.
     * <p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong> The APIs exposed via the returned {@link UiAutomation}
     * work across application boundaries while the APIs exposed by the instrumentation
     * do not. For example, {@link Instrumentation#sendPointerSync(MotionEvent)} will
     * not allow you to inject the event in an app different from the instrumentation
     * target, while {@link UiAutomation#injectInputEvent(android.view.InputEvent, boolean)}
     * will work regardless of the current application.
     * </p>
     * <p>
     * A typical test case should be using either the {@link UiAutomation} or
     * {@link Instrumentation} APIs. Using both APIs at the same time is not
     * a mistake by itself but a client has to be aware of the APIs limitations.
     * </p>
     * <p>
     * Equivalent to {@code getUiAutomation(0)}. If a {@link UiAutomation} exists with different
     * flags, the flags on that instance will be changed, and then it will be returned.
     * </p>
     * @return The UI automation instance.
     *
     * @see UiAutomation
     */
    public UiAutomation getUiAutomation() {
        return getUiAutomation(0);
    }

    Gets the UiAutomation instance with flags set. 
Note: The APIs exposed via the returned UiAutomation work across application boundaries while the APIs exposed by the instrumentation do not. For example, sendPointerSync(MotionEvent) will not allow you to inject the event in an app different from the instrumentation target, while UiAutomation.injectInputEvent(InputEvent, boolean) will work regardless of the current application. 
 A typical test case should be using either the UiAutomation or Instrumentation APIs. Using both APIs at the same time is not a mistake by itself but a client has to be aware of the APIs limitations. 
 If a UiAutomation exists with different flags, the flags on that instance will be changed, and then it will be returned. 
Params: flags – The flags to be passed to the UiAutomation, for example UiAutomation.FLAG_DONT_SUPPRESS_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICES.
See Also: UiAutomation
Returns: The UI automation instance./**
     * Gets the {@link UiAutomation} instance with flags set.
     * <p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong> The APIs exposed via the returned {@link UiAutomation}
     * work across application boundaries while the APIs exposed by the instrumentation
     * do not. For example, {@link Instrumentation#sendPointerSync(MotionEvent)} will
     * not allow you to inject the event in an app different from the instrumentation
     * target, while {@link UiAutomation#injectInputEvent(android.view.InputEvent, boolean)}
     * will work regardless of the current application.
     * </p>
     * <p>
     * A typical test case should be using either the {@link UiAutomation} or
     * {@link Instrumentation} APIs. Using both APIs at the same time is not
     * a mistake by itself but a client has to be aware of the APIs limitations.
     * </p>
     * <p>
     * If a {@link UiAutomation} exists with different flags, the flags on that instance will be
     * changed, and then it will be returned.
     * </p>
     *
     * @param flags The flags to be passed to the UiAutomation, for example
     *        {@link UiAutomation#FLAG_DONT_SUPPRESS_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICES}.
     *
     * @return The UI automation instance.
     *
     * @see UiAutomation
     */
    public UiAutomation getUiAutomation(@UiAutomationFlags int flags) {
        boolean mustCreateNewAutomation = (mUiAutomation == null) || (mUiAutomation.isDestroyed());

        if (mUiAutomationConnection != null) {
            if (!mustCreateNewAutomation && (mUiAutomation.getFlags() == flags)) {
                return mUiAutomation;
            }
            if (mustCreateNewAutomation) {
                mUiAutomation = new UiAutomation(getTargetContext().getMainLooper(),
                        mUiAutomationConnection);
            } else {
                mUiAutomation.disconnect();
            }
            mUiAutomation.connect(flags);
            return mUiAutomation;
        }
        return null;
    }

    Takes control of the execution of messages on the specified looper until TestLooperManager.release is called. /**
     * Takes control of the execution of messages on the specified looper until
     * {@link TestLooperManager#release} is called.
     */
    public TestLooperManager acquireLooperManager(Looper looper) {
        checkInstrumenting("acquireLooperManager");
        return new TestLooperManager(looper);
    }

    private final class InstrumentationThread extends Thread {
        public InstrumentationThread(String name) {
            super(name);
        }
        public void run() {
            try {
                Process.setThreadPriority(Process.THREAD_PRIORITY_URGENT_DISPLAY);
            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
                Log.w(TAG, "Exception setting priority of instrumentation thread "
                        + Process.myTid(), e);
            }
            if (mAutomaticPerformanceSnapshots) {
                startPerformanceSnapshot();
            }
            onStart();
        }
    }

    private static final class EmptyRunnable implements Runnable {
        public void run() {
        }
    }

    private static final class SyncRunnable implements Runnable {
        private final Runnable mTarget;
        private boolean mComplete;

        public SyncRunnable(Runnable target) {
            mTarget = target;
        }

        public void run() {
            mTarget.run();
            synchronized (this) {
                mComplete = true;
                notifyAll();
            }
        }

        public void waitForComplete() {
            synchronized (this) {
                while (!mComplete) {
                    try {
                        wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private static final class ActivityWaiter {
        public final Intent intent;
        public Activity activity;

        public ActivityWaiter(Intent _intent) {
            intent = _intent;
        }
    }

    private final class ActivityGoing implements MessageQueue.IdleHandler {
        private final ActivityWaiter mWaiter;

        public ActivityGoing(ActivityWaiter waiter) {
            mWaiter = waiter;
        }

        public final boolean queueIdle() {
            synchronized (mSync) {
                mWaitingActivities.remove(mWaiter);
                mSync.notifyAll();
            }
            return false;
        }
    }

    private static final class Idler implements MessageQueue.IdleHandler {
        private final Runnable mCallback;
        private boolean mIdle;

        public Idler(Runnable callback) {
            mCallback = callback;
            mIdle = false;
        }

        public final boolean queueIdle() {
            if (mCallback != null) {
                mCallback.run();
            }
            synchronized (this) {
                mIdle = true;
                notifyAll();
            }
            return false;
        }

        public void waitForIdle() {
            synchronized (this) {
                while (!mIdle) {
                    try {
                        wait();
                    } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}
Params:	obj – The client object that generated the exception. May be an Application, Activity, BroadcastReceiver, Service, or null. e – The exception that was thrown.
Returns:	To allow normal system exception process to occur, return false. If true is returned, the system will proceed as if the exception didn't happen.
See Also:	getTargetContext
Returns:	The instrumentation's package context.
See Also:	getContext
Returns:	A Context in the target application.
Params:	intent – Description of the activity to start.
See Also:	Context.startActivity startActivitySync(Intent, Bundle)
Params:	which – The set of intents this monitor is responsible for. result – A canned result to return if the monitor is hit; can be null. block – Controls whether the monitor should block the activity start (returning its canned result) or let the call proceed.
See Also:	Instrumentation.addMonitor
Params:	cls – The activity class this monitor is responsible for. result – A canned result to return if the monitor is hit; can be null. block – Controls whether the monitor should block the activity start (returning its canned result) or let the call proceed.
See Also:	Instrumentation.addMonitor
Params:	timeOut – Time to wait in milliseconds before the activity is created.
Returns:	Activity
Params:	intent – The intent used for starting the activity.
Returns:	The `ActivityResult` that needs to be used in case of a match.
Params:	monitor – The new ActivityMonitor to see.
See Also:	addMonitor(IntentFilter, ActivityResult, boolean) checkMonitorHit
Params:	filter – The set of intents this monitor is responsible for. result – A canned result to return if the monitor is hit; can be null. block – Controls whether the monitor should block the activity start (returning its canned result) or let the call proceed.
See Also:	addMonitor(ActivityMonitor) checkMonitorHit
Returns:	The newly created and added activity monitor.
Params:	monitor – The ActivityMonitor to check. minHits – The minimum number of hits required.
See Also:	addMonitor
Returns:	True if the hit count has been reached, else false.
Params:	monitor – The ActivityMonitor to wait for.
Returns:	The Activity object that matched the monitor.
Params:	monitor – The monitor to remove.
See Also:	addMonitor
Params:	targetActivity – The activity in question. id – The identifier associated with the menu item. flag – Additional flags, if any.
Returns:	Whether the invocation was successful (for example, it could be false if item is disabled).
Params:	cl – The ClassLoader with which to instantiate the object. className – The name of the class implementing the Application object. context – The context to initialize the application with
Returns:	The newly instantiated Application object.
Params:	clazz – The class used to create an Application object from. context – The context to initialize the application with
Returns:	The newly instantiated Application object.
Params:	clazz – The Class of the desired Activity context – The base context for the activity to use token – The token for this activity to communicate with application – The application object (if any) intent – The intent that started this Activity info – ActivityInfo from the manifest title – The title, typically retrieved from the ActivityInfo record parent – The parent Activity (if any) id – The embedded Id (if any) lastNonConfigurationInstance – Arbitrary object that will be available via `Activity.getLastNonConfigurationInstance()`.
Throws:	InstantiationException – IllegalAccessException –
Returns:	Returns the instantiated activity
Params:	who – The Context from which the activity is being started. contextThread – The main thread of the Context from which the activity is being started. token – Internal token identifying to the system who is starting the activity; may be null. target – Which activity is performing the start (and thus receiving any result); may be null if this call is not being made from an activity. intent – The actual Intent to start. requestCode – Identifier for this request's result; less than zero if the caller is not expecting a result. options – Addition options.
Throws:	ActivityNotFoundException –
See Also:	Activity.startActivity(Intent) Activity.startActivityForResult(Intent, int) {@hide}
Returns:	To force the return of a particular result, return an ActivityResult object containing the desired data; otherwise return null. The default implementation always returns null.
Params:	flags – The flags to be passed to the UiAutomation, for example `UiAutomation.FLAG_DONT_SUPPRESS_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICES`.
See Also:	UiAutomation
Returns:	The UI automation instance.
/

android/ android-9.0.0_r35/ android/app/Instrumentation.java
