/*
 * Copyright (C) 2012 The Android Open Source Project
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package android.app;

import android.Manifest;
import android.annotation.NonNull;
import android.annotation.RequiresPermission;
import android.annotation.SystemApi;
import android.annotation.SystemService;
import android.annotation.TestApi;
import android.app.usage.UsageStatsManager;
import android.content.Context;
import android.media.AudioAttributes.AttributeUsage;
import android.os.Binder;
import android.os.IBinder;
import android.os.Parcel;
import android.os.Parcelable;
import android.os.Process;
import android.os.RemoteException;
import android.os.UserManager;
import android.util.ArrayMap;

import com.android.internal.app.IAppOpsActiveCallback;
import com.android.internal.app.IAppOpsCallback;
import com.android.internal.app.IAppOpsService;
import com.android.internal.util.Preconditions;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;

API for interacting with "application operation" tracking.
This API is not generally intended for third party application developers; most
features are only available to system applications.
/**
 * API for interacting with "application operation" tracking.
 *
 * <p>This API is not generally intended for third party application developers; most
 * features are only available to system applications.
 */
@SystemService(Context.APP_OPS_SERVICE)
public class AppOpsManager {
    
App ops allows callers to:

 Note when operations are happening, and find out if they are allowed for the current
caller.
 Disallow specific apps from doing specific operations.
 Collect all of the current information about operations that have been executed or
are not being allowed.
 Monitor for changes in whether an operation is allowed.

Each operation is identified by a single integer; these integers are a fixed set of
operations, enumerated by the OP_* constants.
When checking operations, the result is a "mode" integer indicating the current
setting for the operation under that caller: MODE_ALLOWED, MODE_IGNORED (don't execute
the operation but fake its behavior enough so that the caller doesn't crash),
MODE_ERRORED (throw a SecurityException back to the caller; the normal operation calls
will do this for you).
/**
     * <p>App ops allows callers to:</p>
     *
     * <ul>
     * <li> Note when operations are happening, and find out if they are allowed for the current
     * caller.</li>
     * <li> Disallow specific apps from doing specific operations.</li>
     * <li> Collect all of the current information about operations that have been executed or
     * are not being allowed.</li>
     * <li> Monitor for changes in whether an operation is allowed.</li>
     * </ul>
     *
     * <p>Each operation is identified by a single integer; these integers are a fixed set of
     * operations, enumerated by the OP_* constants.
     *
     * <p></p>When checking operations, the result is a "mode" integer indicating the current
     * setting for the operation under that caller: MODE_ALLOWED, MODE_IGNORED (don't execute
     * the operation but fake its behavior enough so that the caller doesn't crash),
     * MODE_ERRORED (throw a SecurityException back to the caller; the normal operation calls
     * will do this for you).
     */

    final Context mContext;
    final IAppOpsService mService;
    final ArrayMap<OnOpChangedListener, IAppOpsCallback> mModeWatchers = new ArrayMap<>();
    final ArrayMap<OnOpActiveChangedListener, IAppOpsActiveCallback> mActiveWatchers =
            new ArrayMap<>();

    static IBinder sToken;

    
Result from checkOp, noteOp, startOp: the given caller is allowed to perform the given operation. /**
     * Result from {@link #checkOp}, {@link #noteOp}, {@link #startOp}: the given caller is
     * allowed to perform the given operation.
     */
    public static final int MODE_ALLOWED = 0;

    
Result from checkOp, noteOp, startOp: the given caller is not allowed to perform the given operation, and this attempt should silently fail (it should not cause the app to crash).
/**
     * Result from {@link #checkOp}, {@link #noteOp}, {@link #startOp}: the given caller is
     * not allowed to perform the given operation, and this attempt should
     * <em>silently fail</em> (it should not cause the app to crash).
     */
    public static final int MODE_IGNORED = 1;

    
Result from checkOpNoThrow, noteOpNoThrow, startOpNoThrow: the given caller is not allowed to perform the given operation, and this attempt should cause it to have a fatal error, typically a SecurityException. /**
     * Result from {@link #checkOpNoThrow}, {@link #noteOpNoThrow}, {@link #startOpNoThrow}: the
     * given caller is not allowed to perform the given operation, and this attempt should
     * cause it to have a fatal error, typically a {@link SecurityException}.
     */
    public static final int MODE_ERRORED = 2;

    
Result from checkOp, noteOp, startOp: the given caller should use its default security check. This mode is not normally used; it should only be used with appop permissions, and callers must explicitly check for it and deal with it. /**
     * Result from {@link #checkOp}, {@link #noteOp}, {@link #startOp}: the given caller should
     * use its default security check.  This mode is not normally used; it should only be used
     * with appop permissions, and callers must explicitly check for it and deal with it.
     */
    public static final int MODE_DEFAULT = 3;

    
Special mode that means "allow only when app is in foreground."  This is not returned from checkOp, noteOp, startOp; rather, when this mode is set, these functions will return MODE_ALLOWED when the app being checked is currently in the foreground, otherwise MODE_IGNORED. 
@hide
/**
     * Special mode that means "allow only when app is in foreground."  This is <b>not</b>
     * returned from {@link #checkOp}, {@link #noteOp}, {@link #startOp}; rather, when this
     * mode is set, these functions will return {@link #MODE_ALLOWED} when the app being
     * checked is currently in the foreground, otherwise {@link #MODE_IGNORED}.
     * @hide
     */
    public static final int MODE_FOREGROUND = 4;

    
Flag for startWatchingMode(String, String, int, OnOpChangedListener): Also get reports if the foreground state of an op's uid changes. This only works when watching a particular op, not when watching a package. 
@hide
/**
     * Flag for {@link #startWatchingMode(String, String, int, OnOpChangedListener)}:
     * Also get reports if the foreground state of an op's uid changes.  This only works
     * when watching a particular op, not when watching a package.
     * @hide
     */
    public static final int WATCH_FOREGROUND_CHANGES = 1 << 0;

    
@hide
/**
     * @hide
     */
    public static final String[] MODE_NAMES = new String[] {
            "allow",        // MODE_ALLOWED
            "ignore",       // MODE_IGNORED
            "deny",         // MODE_ERRORED
            "default",      // MODE_DEFAULT
            "foreground",   // MODE_FOREGROUND
    };

    
Metrics about an op when its uid is persistent.
@hide
/**
     * Metrics about an op when its uid is persistent.
     * @hide
     */
    public static final int UID_STATE_PERSISTENT = 0;

    
Metrics about an op when its uid is at the top.
@hide
/**
     * Metrics about an op when its uid is at the top.
     * @hide
     */
    public static final int UID_STATE_TOP = 1;

    
Metrics about an op when its uid is running a foreground service.
@hide
/**
     * Metrics about an op when its uid is running a foreground service.
     * @hide
     */
    public static final int UID_STATE_FOREGROUND_SERVICE = 2;

    
Last UID state in which we don't restrict what an op can do.
@hide
/**
     * Last UID state in which we don't restrict what an op can do.
     * @hide
     */
    public static final int UID_STATE_LAST_NON_RESTRICTED = UID_STATE_FOREGROUND_SERVICE;

    
Metrics about an op when its uid is in the foreground for any other reasons.
@hide
/**
     * Metrics about an op when its uid is in the foreground for any other reasons.
     * @hide
     */
    public static final int UID_STATE_FOREGROUND = 3;

    
Metrics about an op when its uid is in the background for any reason.
@hide
/**
     * Metrics about an op when its uid is in the background for any reason.
     * @hide
     */
    public static final int UID_STATE_BACKGROUND = 4;

    
Metrics about an op when its uid is cached.
@hide
/**
     * Metrics about an op when its uid is cached.
     * @hide
     */
    public static final int UID_STATE_CACHED = 5;

    
Number of uid states we track.
@hide
/**
     * Number of uid states we track.
     * @hide
     */
    public static final int _NUM_UID_STATE = 6;

    // when adding one of these:
    //  - increment _NUM_OP
    //  - define an OPSTR_* constant (marked as @SystemApi)
    //  - add rows to sOpToSwitch, sOpToString, sOpNames, sOpToPerms, sOpDefault
    //  - add descriptive strings to Settings/res/values/arrays.xml
    //  - add the op to the appropriate template in AppOpsState.OpsTemplate (settings app)

    
@hide
No operation specified./** @hide No operation specified. */
    public static final int OP_NONE = -1;
    
@hide
Access to coarse location information./** @hide Access to coarse location information. */
    public static final int OP_COARSE_LOCATION = 0;
    
@hide
Access to fine location information./** @hide Access to fine location information. */
    public static final int OP_FINE_LOCATION = 1;
    
@hide
Causing GPS to run./** @hide Causing GPS to run. */
    public static final int OP_GPS = 2;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_VIBRATE = 3;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_READ_CONTACTS = 4;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_WRITE_CONTACTS = 5;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_READ_CALL_LOG = 6;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_WRITE_CALL_LOG = 7;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_READ_CALENDAR = 8;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_WRITE_CALENDAR = 9;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_WIFI_SCAN = 10;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_POST_NOTIFICATION = 11;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_NEIGHBORING_CELLS = 12;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_CALL_PHONE = 13;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_READ_SMS = 14;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_WRITE_SMS = 15;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_RECEIVE_SMS = 16;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_RECEIVE_EMERGECY_SMS = 17;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_RECEIVE_MMS = 18;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH = 19;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_SEND_SMS = 20;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_READ_ICC_SMS = 21;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_WRITE_ICC_SMS = 22;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_WRITE_SETTINGS = 23;
    
@hide
Required to draw on top of other apps./** @hide Required to draw on top of other apps. */
    @TestApi
    public static final int OP_SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW = 24;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_ACCESS_NOTIFICATIONS = 25;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_CAMERA = 26;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @TestApi
    public static final int OP_RECORD_AUDIO = 27;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_PLAY_AUDIO = 28;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_READ_CLIPBOARD = 29;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_WRITE_CLIPBOARD = 30;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_TAKE_MEDIA_BUTTONS = 31;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_TAKE_AUDIO_FOCUS = 32;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_AUDIO_MASTER_VOLUME = 33;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_AUDIO_VOICE_VOLUME = 34;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_AUDIO_RING_VOLUME = 35;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_AUDIO_MEDIA_VOLUME = 36;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_AUDIO_ALARM_VOLUME = 37;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_AUDIO_NOTIFICATION_VOLUME = 38;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_AUDIO_BLUETOOTH_VOLUME = 39;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_WAKE_LOCK = 40;
    
@hide
Continually monitoring location data./** @hide Continually monitoring location data. */
    public static final int OP_MONITOR_LOCATION = 41;
    
@hide
Continually monitoring location data with a relatively high power request./** @hide Continually monitoring location data with a relatively high power request. */
    public static final int OP_MONITOR_HIGH_POWER_LOCATION = 42;
    
@hide
Retrieve current usage stats via UsageStatsManager./** @hide Retrieve current usage stats via {@link UsageStatsManager}. */
    public static final int OP_GET_USAGE_STATS = 43;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_MUTE_MICROPHONE = 44;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_TOAST_WINDOW = 45;
    
@hide
Capture the device's display contents and/or audio/** @hide Capture the device's display contents and/or audio */
    public static final int OP_PROJECT_MEDIA = 46;
    
@hide
Activate a VPN connection without user intervention./** @hide Activate a VPN connection without user intervention. */
    public static final int OP_ACTIVATE_VPN = 47;
    
@hide
Access the WallpaperManagerAPI to write wallpapers./** @hide Access the WallpaperManagerAPI to write wallpapers. */
    public static final int OP_WRITE_WALLPAPER = 48;
    
@hide
Received the assist structure from an app./** @hide Received the assist structure from an app. */
    public static final int OP_ASSIST_STRUCTURE = 49;
    
@hide
Received a screenshot from assist./** @hide Received a screenshot from assist. */
    public static final int OP_ASSIST_SCREENSHOT = 50;
    
@hide
Read the phone state./** @hide Read the phone state. */
    public static final int OP_READ_PHONE_STATE = 51;
    
@hide
Add voicemail messages to the voicemail content provider./** @hide Add voicemail messages to the voicemail content provider. */
    public static final int OP_ADD_VOICEMAIL = 52;
    
@hide
Access APIs for SIP calling over VOIP or WiFi./** @hide Access APIs for SIP calling over VOIP or WiFi. */
    public static final int OP_USE_SIP = 53;
    
@hide
Intercept outgoing calls./** @hide Intercept outgoing calls. */
    public static final int OP_PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS = 54;
    
@hide
User the fingerprint API./** @hide User the fingerprint API. */
    public static final int OP_USE_FINGERPRINT = 55;
    
@hide
Access to body sensors such as heart rate, etc./** @hide Access to body sensors such as heart rate, etc. */
    public static final int OP_BODY_SENSORS = 56;
    
@hide
Read previously received cell broadcast messages./** @hide Read previously received cell broadcast messages. */
    public static final int OP_READ_CELL_BROADCASTS = 57;
    
@hide
Inject mock location into the system./** @hide Inject mock location into the system. */
    public static final int OP_MOCK_LOCATION = 58;
    
@hide
Read external storage./** @hide Read external storage. */
    public static final int OP_READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE = 59;
    
@hide
Write external storage./** @hide Write external storage. */
    public static final int OP_WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE = 60;
    
@hide
Turned on the screen./** @hide Turned on the screen. */
    public static final int OP_TURN_SCREEN_ON = 61;
    
@hide
Get device accounts./** @hide Get device accounts. */
    public static final int OP_GET_ACCOUNTS = 62;
    
@hide
Control whether an application is allowed to run in the background./** @hide Control whether an application is allowed to run in the background. */
    public static final int OP_RUN_IN_BACKGROUND = 63;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_AUDIO_ACCESSIBILITY_VOLUME = 64;
    
@hide
Read the phone number./** @hide Read the phone number. */
    public static final int OP_READ_PHONE_NUMBERS = 65;
    
@hide
Request package installs through package installer/** @hide Request package installs through package installer */
    public static final int OP_REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES = 66;
    
@hide
Enter picture-in-picture./** @hide Enter picture-in-picture. */
    public static final int OP_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE = 67;
    
@hide
Instant app start foreground service./** @hide Instant app start foreground service. */
    public static final int OP_INSTANT_APP_START_FOREGROUND = 68;
    
@hide
Answer incoming phone calls/** @hide Answer incoming phone calls */
    public static final int OP_ANSWER_PHONE_CALLS = 69;
    
@hide
Run jobs when in background/** @hide Run jobs when in background */
    public static final int OP_RUN_ANY_IN_BACKGROUND = 70;
    
@hide
Change Wi-Fi connectivity state/** @hide Change Wi-Fi connectivity state */
    public static final int OP_CHANGE_WIFI_STATE = 71;
    
@hide
Request package deletion through package installer/** @hide Request package deletion through package installer */
    public static final int OP_REQUEST_DELETE_PACKAGES = 72;
    
@hide
Bind an accessibility service./** @hide Bind an accessibility service. */
    public static final int OP_BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE = 73;
    
@hide
Continue handover of a call from another app/** @hide Continue handover of a call from another app */
    public static final int OP_ACCEPT_HANDOVER = 74;
    
@hide
Create and Manage IPsec Tunnels/** @hide Create and Manage IPsec Tunnels */
    public static final int OP_MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS = 75;
    
@hide
Any app start foreground service./** @hide Any app start foreground service. */
    public static final int OP_START_FOREGROUND = 76;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int OP_BLUETOOTH_SCAN = 77;
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final int _NUM_OP = 78;

    
Access to coarse location information. /** Access to coarse location information. */
    public static final String OPSTR_COARSE_LOCATION = "android:coarse_location";
    
Access to fine location information. /** Access to fine location information. */
    public static final String OPSTR_FINE_LOCATION =
            "android:fine_location";
    
Continually monitoring location data. /** Continually monitoring location data. */
    public static final String OPSTR_MONITOR_LOCATION
            = "android:monitor_location";
    
Continually monitoring location data with a relatively high power request. /** Continually monitoring location data with a relatively high power request. */
    public static final String OPSTR_MONITOR_HIGH_POWER_LOCATION
            = "android:monitor_location_high_power";
    
Access to UsageStatsManager. /** Access to {@link android.app.usage.UsageStatsManager}. */
    public static final String OPSTR_GET_USAGE_STATS
            = "android:get_usage_stats";
    
Activate a VPN connection without user intervention. @hide /** Activate a VPN connection without user intervention. @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_ACTIVATE_VPN
            = "android:activate_vpn";
    
Allows an application to read the user's contacts data. /** Allows an application to read the user's contacts data. */
    public static final String OPSTR_READ_CONTACTS
            = "android:read_contacts";
    
Allows an application to write to the user's contacts data. /** Allows an application to write to the user's contacts data. */
    public static final String OPSTR_WRITE_CONTACTS
            = "android:write_contacts";
    
Allows an application to read the user's call log. /** Allows an application to read the user's call log. */
    public static final String OPSTR_READ_CALL_LOG
            = "android:read_call_log";
    
Allows an application to write to the user's call log. /** Allows an application to write to the user's call log. */
    public static final String OPSTR_WRITE_CALL_LOG
            = "android:write_call_log";
    
Allows an application to read the user's calendar data. /** Allows an application to read the user's calendar data. */
    public static final String OPSTR_READ_CALENDAR
            = "android:read_calendar";
    
Allows an application to write to the user's calendar data. /** Allows an application to write to the user's calendar data. */
    public static final String OPSTR_WRITE_CALENDAR
            = "android:write_calendar";
    
Allows an application to initiate a phone call. /** Allows an application to initiate a phone call. */
    public static final String OPSTR_CALL_PHONE
            = "android:call_phone";
    
Allows an application to read SMS messages. /** Allows an application to read SMS messages. */
    public static final String OPSTR_READ_SMS
            = "android:read_sms";
    
Allows an application to receive SMS messages. /** Allows an application to receive SMS messages. */
    public static final String OPSTR_RECEIVE_SMS
            = "android:receive_sms";
    
Allows an application to receive MMS messages. /** Allows an application to receive MMS messages. */
    public static final String OPSTR_RECEIVE_MMS
            = "android:receive_mms";
    
Allows an application to receive WAP push messages. /** Allows an application to receive WAP push messages. */
    public static final String OPSTR_RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
            = "android:receive_wap_push";
    
Allows an application to send SMS messages. /** Allows an application to send SMS messages. */
    public static final String OPSTR_SEND_SMS
            = "android:send_sms";
    
Required to be able to access the camera device. /** Required to be able to access the camera device. */
    public static final String OPSTR_CAMERA
            = "android:camera";
    
Required to be able to access the microphone device. /** Required to be able to access the microphone device. */
    public static final String OPSTR_RECORD_AUDIO
            = "android:record_audio";
    
Required to access phone state related information. /** Required to access phone state related information. */
    public static final String OPSTR_READ_PHONE_STATE
            = "android:read_phone_state";
    
Required to access phone state related information. /** Required to access phone state related information. */
    public static final String OPSTR_ADD_VOICEMAIL
            = "android:add_voicemail";
    
Access APIs for SIP calling over VOIP or WiFi /** Access APIs for SIP calling over VOIP or WiFi */
    public static final String OPSTR_USE_SIP
            = "android:use_sip";
    
Access APIs for diverting outgoing calls /** Access APIs for diverting outgoing calls */
    public static final String OPSTR_PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
            = "android:process_outgoing_calls";
    
Use the fingerprint API. /** Use the fingerprint API. */
    public static final String OPSTR_USE_FINGERPRINT
            = "android:use_fingerprint";
    
Access to body sensors such as heart rate, etc. /** Access to body sensors such as heart rate, etc. */
    public static final String OPSTR_BODY_SENSORS
            = "android:body_sensors";
    
Read previously received cell broadcast messages. /** Read previously received cell broadcast messages. */
    public static final String OPSTR_READ_CELL_BROADCASTS
            = "android:read_cell_broadcasts";
    
Inject mock location into the system. /** Inject mock location into the system. */
    public static final String OPSTR_MOCK_LOCATION
            = "android:mock_location";
    
Read external storage. /** Read external storage. */
    public static final String OPSTR_READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
            = "android:read_external_storage";
    
Write external storage. /** Write external storage. */
    public static final String OPSTR_WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
            = "android:write_external_storage";
    
Required to draw on top of other apps. /** Required to draw on top of other apps. */
    public static final String OPSTR_SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW
            = "android:system_alert_window";
    
Required to write/modify/update system settingss. /** Required to write/modify/update system settingss. */
    public static final String OPSTR_WRITE_SETTINGS
            = "android:write_settings";
    
@hide
Get device accounts./** @hide Get device accounts. */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_GET_ACCOUNTS
            = "android:get_accounts";
    public static final String OPSTR_READ_PHONE_NUMBERS
            = "android:read_phone_numbers";
    
Access to picture-in-picture. /** Access to picture-in-picture. */
    public static final String OPSTR_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE
            = "android:picture_in_picture";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_INSTANT_APP_START_FOREGROUND
            = "android:instant_app_start_foreground";
    
Answer incoming phone calls /** Answer incoming phone calls */
    public static final String OPSTR_ANSWER_PHONE_CALLS
            = "android:answer_phone_calls";
    
Accept call handover
@hide
/**
     * Accept call handover
     * @hide
     */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_ACCEPT_HANDOVER
            = "android:accept_handover";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_GPS = "android:gps";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_VIBRATE = "android:vibrate";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_WIFI_SCAN = "android:wifi_scan";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_POST_NOTIFICATION = "android:post_notification";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_NEIGHBORING_CELLS = "android:neighboring_cells";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_WRITE_SMS = "android:write_sms";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_RECEIVE_EMERGENCY_BROADCAST =
            "android:receive_emergency_broadcast";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_READ_ICC_SMS = "android:read_icc_sms";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_WRITE_ICC_SMS = "android:write_icc_sms";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_ACCESS_NOTIFICATIONS = "android:access_notifications";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_PLAY_AUDIO = "android:play_audio";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_READ_CLIPBOARD = "android:read_clipboard";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_WRITE_CLIPBOARD = "android:write_clipboard";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_TAKE_MEDIA_BUTTONS = "android:take_media_buttons";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_TAKE_AUDIO_FOCUS = "android:take_audio_focus";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_AUDIO_MASTER_VOLUME = "android:audio_master_volume";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_AUDIO_VOICE_VOLUME = "android:audio_voice_volume";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_AUDIO_RING_VOLUME = "android:audio_ring_volume";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_AUDIO_MEDIA_VOLUME = "android:audio_media_volume";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_AUDIO_ALARM_VOLUME = "android:audio_alarm_volume";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_AUDIO_NOTIFICATION_VOLUME =
            "android:audio_notification_volume";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_AUDIO_BLUETOOTH_VOLUME = "android:audio_bluetooth_volume";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_WAKE_LOCK = "android:wake_lock";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_MUTE_MICROPHONE = "android:mute_microphone";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_TOAST_WINDOW = "android:toast_window";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_PROJECT_MEDIA = "android:project_media";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_WRITE_WALLPAPER = "android:write_wallpaper";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_ASSIST_STRUCTURE = "android:assist_structure";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_ASSIST_SCREENSHOT = "android:assist_screenshot";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_TURN_SCREEN_ON = "android:turn_screen_on";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_RUN_IN_BACKGROUND = "android:run_in_background";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_AUDIO_ACCESSIBILITY_VOLUME =
            "android:audio_accessibility_volume";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES = "android:request_install_packages";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_RUN_ANY_IN_BACKGROUND = "android:run_any_in_background";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_CHANGE_WIFI_STATE = "android:change_wifi_state";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_REQUEST_DELETE_PACKAGES = "android:request_delete_packages";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE =
            "android:bind_accessibility_service";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS = "android:manage_ipsec_tunnels";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @SystemApi @TestApi
    public static final String OPSTR_START_FOREGROUND = "android:start_foreground";
    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static final String OPSTR_BLUETOOTH_SCAN = "android:bluetooth_scan";

    // Warning: If an permission is added here it also has to be added to
    // com.android.packageinstaller.permission.utils.EventLogger
    private static final int[] RUNTIME_AND_APPOP_PERMISSIONS_OPS = {
            // RUNTIME PERMISSIONS
            // Contacts
            OP_READ_CONTACTS,
            OP_WRITE_CONTACTS,
            OP_GET_ACCOUNTS,
            // Calendar
            OP_READ_CALENDAR,
            OP_WRITE_CALENDAR,
            // SMS
            OP_SEND_SMS,
            OP_RECEIVE_SMS,
            OP_READ_SMS,
            OP_RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH,
            OP_RECEIVE_MMS,
            OP_READ_CELL_BROADCASTS,
            // Storage
            OP_READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            OP_WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            // Location
            OP_COARSE_LOCATION,
            OP_FINE_LOCATION,
            // Phone
            OP_READ_PHONE_STATE,
            OP_READ_PHONE_NUMBERS,
            OP_CALL_PHONE,
            OP_READ_CALL_LOG,
            OP_WRITE_CALL_LOG,
            OP_ADD_VOICEMAIL,
            OP_USE_SIP,
            OP_PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS,
            OP_ANSWER_PHONE_CALLS,
            OP_ACCEPT_HANDOVER,
            // Microphone
            OP_RECORD_AUDIO,
            // Camera
            OP_CAMERA,
            // Body sensors
            OP_BODY_SENSORS,

            // APPOP PERMISSIONS
            OP_ACCESS_NOTIFICATIONS,
            OP_SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW,
            OP_WRITE_SETTINGS,
            OP_REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES,
            OP_START_FOREGROUND,
    };

    
This maps each operation to the operation that serves as the
switch to determine whether it is allowed.  Generally this is
a 1:1 mapping, but for some things (like location) that have
multiple low-level operations being tracked that should be
presented to the user as one switch then this can be used to
make them all controlled by the same single operation.
/**
     * This maps each operation to the operation that serves as the
     * switch to determine whether it is allowed.  Generally this is
     * a 1:1 mapping, but for some things (like location) that have
     * multiple low-level operations being tracked that should be
     * presented to the user as one switch then this can be used to
     * make them all controlled by the same single operation.
     */
    private static int[] sOpToSwitch = new int[] {
            OP_COARSE_LOCATION,                 // COARSE_LOCATION
            OP_COARSE_LOCATION,                 // FINE_LOCATION
            OP_COARSE_LOCATION,                 // GPS
            OP_VIBRATE,                         // VIBRATE
            OP_READ_CONTACTS,                   // READ_CONTACTS
            OP_WRITE_CONTACTS,                  // WRITE_CONTACTS
            OP_READ_CALL_LOG,                   // READ_CALL_LOG
            OP_WRITE_CALL_LOG,                  // WRITE_CALL_LOG
            OP_READ_CALENDAR,                   // READ_CALENDAR
            OP_WRITE_CALENDAR,                  // WRITE_CALENDAR
            OP_COARSE_LOCATION,                 // WIFI_SCAN
            OP_POST_NOTIFICATION,               // POST_NOTIFICATION
            OP_COARSE_LOCATION,                 // NEIGHBORING_CELLS
            OP_CALL_PHONE,                      // CALL_PHONE
            OP_READ_SMS,                        // READ_SMS
            OP_WRITE_SMS,                       // WRITE_SMS
            OP_RECEIVE_SMS,                     // RECEIVE_SMS
            OP_RECEIVE_SMS,                     // RECEIVE_EMERGECY_SMS
            OP_RECEIVE_MMS,                     // RECEIVE_MMS
            OP_RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH,                // RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
            OP_SEND_SMS,                        // SEND_SMS
            OP_READ_SMS,                        // READ_ICC_SMS
            OP_WRITE_SMS,                       // WRITE_ICC_SMS
            OP_WRITE_SETTINGS,                  // WRITE_SETTINGS
            OP_SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW,             // SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW
            OP_ACCESS_NOTIFICATIONS,            // ACCESS_NOTIFICATIONS
            OP_CAMERA,                          // CAMERA
            OP_RECORD_AUDIO,                    // RECORD_AUDIO
            OP_PLAY_AUDIO,                      // PLAY_AUDIO
            OP_READ_CLIPBOARD,                  // READ_CLIPBOARD
            OP_WRITE_CLIPBOARD,                 // WRITE_CLIPBOARD
            OP_TAKE_MEDIA_BUTTONS,              // TAKE_MEDIA_BUTTONS
            OP_TAKE_AUDIO_FOCUS,                // TAKE_AUDIO_FOCUS
            OP_AUDIO_MASTER_VOLUME,             // AUDIO_MASTER_VOLUME
            OP_AUDIO_VOICE_VOLUME,              // AUDIO_VOICE_VOLUME
            OP_AUDIO_RING_VOLUME,               // AUDIO_RING_VOLUME
            OP_AUDIO_MEDIA_VOLUME,              // AUDIO_MEDIA_VOLUME
            OP_AUDIO_ALARM_VOLUME,              // AUDIO_ALARM_VOLUME
            OP_AUDIO_NOTIFICATION_VOLUME,       // AUDIO_NOTIFICATION_VOLUME
            OP_AUDIO_BLUETOOTH_VOLUME,          // AUDIO_BLUETOOTH_VOLUME
            OP_WAKE_LOCK,                       // WAKE_LOCK
            OP_COARSE_LOCATION,                 // MONITOR_LOCATION
            OP_COARSE_LOCATION,                 // MONITOR_HIGH_POWER_LOCATION
            OP_GET_USAGE_STATS,                 // GET_USAGE_STATS
            OP_MUTE_MICROPHONE,                 // MUTE_MICROPHONE
            OP_TOAST_WINDOW,                    // TOAST_WINDOW
            OP_PROJECT_MEDIA,                   // PROJECT_MEDIA
            OP_ACTIVATE_VPN,                    // ACTIVATE_VPN
            OP_WRITE_WALLPAPER,                 // WRITE_WALLPAPER
            OP_ASSIST_STRUCTURE,                // ASSIST_STRUCTURE
            OP_ASSIST_SCREENSHOT,               // ASSIST_SCREENSHOT
            OP_READ_PHONE_STATE,                // READ_PHONE_STATE
            OP_ADD_VOICEMAIL,                   // ADD_VOICEMAIL
            OP_USE_SIP,                         // USE_SIP
            OP_PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS,          // PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
            OP_USE_FINGERPRINT,                 // USE_FINGERPRINT
            OP_BODY_SENSORS,                    // BODY_SENSORS
            OP_READ_CELL_BROADCASTS,            // READ_CELL_BROADCASTS
            OP_MOCK_LOCATION,                   // MOCK_LOCATION
            OP_READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,           // READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
            OP_WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,          // WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
            OP_TURN_SCREEN_ON,                  // TURN_SCREEN_ON
            OP_GET_ACCOUNTS,                    // GET_ACCOUNTS
            OP_RUN_IN_BACKGROUND,               // RUN_IN_BACKGROUND
            OP_AUDIO_ACCESSIBILITY_VOLUME,      // AUDIO_ACCESSIBILITY_VOLUME
            OP_READ_PHONE_NUMBERS,              // READ_PHONE_NUMBERS
            OP_REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES,        // REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES
            OP_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE,              // ENTER_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_ON_HIDE
            OP_INSTANT_APP_START_FOREGROUND,    // INSTANT_APP_START_FOREGROUND
            OP_ANSWER_PHONE_CALLS,              // ANSWER_PHONE_CALLS
            OP_RUN_ANY_IN_BACKGROUND,           // OP_RUN_ANY_IN_BACKGROUND
            OP_CHANGE_WIFI_STATE,               // OP_CHANGE_WIFI_STATE
            OP_REQUEST_DELETE_PACKAGES,         // OP_REQUEST_DELETE_PACKAGES
            OP_BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE,      // OP_BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE
            OP_ACCEPT_HANDOVER,                 // ACCEPT_HANDOVER
            OP_MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS,            // MANAGE_IPSEC_HANDOVERS
            OP_START_FOREGROUND,                // START_FOREGROUND
            OP_COARSE_LOCATION,                 // BLUETOOTH_SCAN
    };

    
This maps each operation to the public string constant for it.
/**
     * This maps each operation to the public string constant for it.
     */
    private static String[] sOpToString = new String[]{
            OPSTR_COARSE_LOCATION,
            OPSTR_FINE_LOCATION,
            OPSTR_GPS,
            OPSTR_VIBRATE,
            OPSTR_READ_CONTACTS,
            OPSTR_WRITE_CONTACTS,
            OPSTR_READ_CALL_LOG,
            OPSTR_WRITE_CALL_LOG,
            OPSTR_READ_CALENDAR,
            OPSTR_WRITE_CALENDAR,
            OPSTR_WIFI_SCAN,
            OPSTR_POST_NOTIFICATION,
            OPSTR_NEIGHBORING_CELLS,
            OPSTR_CALL_PHONE,
            OPSTR_READ_SMS,
            OPSTR_WRITE_SMS,
            OPSTR_RECEIVE_SMS,
            OPSTR_RECEIVE_EMERGENCY_BROADCAST,
            OPSTR_RECEIVE_MMS,
            OPSTR_RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH,
            OPSTR_SEND_SMS,
            OPSTR_READ_ICC_SMS,
            OPSTR_WRITE_ICC_SMS,
            OPSTR_WRITE_SETTINGS,
            OPSTR_SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW,
            OPSTR_ACCESS_NOTIFICATIONS,
            OPSTR_CAMERA,
            OPSTR_RECORD_AUDIO,
            OPSTR_PLAY_AUDIO,
            OPSTR_READ_CLIPBOARD,
            OPSTR_WRITE_CLIPBOARD,
            OPSTR_TAKE_MEDIA_BUTTONS,
            OPSTR_TAKE_AUDIO_FOCUS,
            OPSTR_AUDIO_MASTER_VOLUME,
            OPSTR_AUDIO_VOICE_VOLUME,
            OPSTR_AUDIO_RING_VOLUME,
            OPSTR_AUDIO_MEDIA_VOLUME,
            OPSTR_AUDIO_ALARM_VOLUME,
            OPSTR_AUDIO_NOTIFICATION_VOLUME,
            OPSTR_AUDIO_BLUETOOTH_VOLUME,
            OPSTR_WAKE_LOCK,
            OPSTR_MONITOR_LOCATION,
            OPSTR_MONITOR_HIGH_POWER_LOCATION,
            OPSTR_GET_USAGE_STATS,
            OPSTR_MUTE_MICROPHONE,
            OPSTR_TOAST_WINDOW,
            OPSTR_PROJECT_MEDIA,
            OPSTR_ACTIVATE_VPN,
            OPSTR_WRITE_WALLPAPER,
            OPSTR_ASSIST_STRUCTURE,
            OPSTR_ASSIST_SCREENSHOT,
            OPSTR_READ_PHONE_STATE,
            OPSTR_ADD_VOICEMAIL,
            OPSTR_USE_SIP,
            OPSTR_PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS,
            OPSTR_USE_FINGERPRINT,
            OPSTR_BODY_SENSORS,
            OPSTR_READ_CELL_BROADCASTS,
            OPSTR_MOCK_LOCATION,
            OPSTR_READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            OPSTR_WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            OPSTR_TURN_SCREEN_ON,
            OPSTR_GET_ACCOUNTS,
            OPSTR_RUN_IN_BACKGROUND,
            OPSTR_AUDIO_ACCESSIBILITY_VOLUME,
            OPSTR_READ_PHONE_NUMBERS,
            OPSTR_REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES,
            OPSTR_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE,
            OPSTR_INSTANT_APP_START_FOREGROUND,
            OPSTR_ANSWER_PHONE_CALLS,
            OPSTR_RUN_ANY_IN_BACKGROUND,
            OPSTR_CHANGE_WIFI_STATE,
            OPSTR_REQUEST_DELETE_PACKAGES,
            OPSTR_BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE,
            OPSTR_ACCEPT_HANDOVER,
            OPSTR_MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS,
            OPSTR_START_FOREGROUND,
            OPSTR_BLUETOOTH_SCAN,
    };

    
This provides a simple name for each operation to be used
in debug output.
/**
     * This provides a simple name for each operation to be used
     * in debug output.
     */
    private static String[] sOpNames = new String[] {
            "COARSE_LOCATION",
            "FINE_LOCATION",
            "GPS",
            "VIBRATE",
            "READ_CONTACTS",
            "WRITE_CONTACTS",
            "READ_CALL_LOG",
            "WRITE_CALL_LOG",
            "READ_CALENDAR",
            "WRITE_CALENDAR",
            "WIFI_SCAN",
            "POST_NOTIFICATION",
            "NEIGHBORING_CELLS",
            "CALL_PHONE",
            "READ_SMS",
            "WRITE_SMS",
            "RECEIVE_SMS",
            "RECEIVE_EMERGECY_SMS",
            "RECEIVE_MMS",
            "RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH",
            "SEND_SMS",
            "READ_ICC_SMS",
            "WRITE_ICC_SMS",
            "WRITE_SETTINGS",
            "SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW",
            "ACCESS_NOTIFICATIONS",
            "CAMERA",
            "RECORD_AUDIO",
            "PLAY_AUDIO",
            "READ_CLIPBOARD",
            "WRITE_CLIPBOARD",
            "TAKE_MEDIA_BUTTONS",
            "TAKE_AUDIO_FOCUS",
            "AUDIO_MASTER_VOLUME",
            "AUDIO_VOICE_VOLUME",
            "AUDIO_RING_VOLUME",
            "AUDIO_MEDIA_VOLUME",
            "AUDIO_ALARM_VOLUME",
            "AUDIO_NOTIFICATION_VOLUME",
            "AUDIO_BLUETOOTH_VOLUME",
            "WAKE_LOCK",
            "MONITOR_LOCATION",
            "MONITOR_HIGH_POWER_LOCATION",
            "GET_USAGE_STATS",
            "MUTE_MICROPHONE",
            "TOAST_WINDOW",
            "PROJECT_MEDIA",
            "ACTIVATE_VPN",
            "WRITE_WALLPAPER",
            "ASSIST_STRUCTURE",
            "ASSIST_SCREENSHOT",
            "OP_READ_PHONE_STATE",
            "ADD_VOICEMAIL",
            "USE_SIP",
            "PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS",
            "USE_FINGERPRINT",
            "BODY_SENSORS",
            "READ_CELL_BROADCASTS",
            "MOCK_LOCATION",
            "READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE",
            "WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE",
            "TURN_ON_SCREEN",
            "GET_ACCOUNTS",
            "RUN_IN_BACKGROUND",
            "AUDIO_ACCESSIBILITY_VOLUME",
            "READ_PHONE_NUMBERS",
            "REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES",
            "PICTURE_IN_PICTURE",
            "INSTANT_APP_START_FOREGROUND",
            "ANSWER_PHONE_CALLS",
            "RUN_ANY_IN_BACKGROUND",
            "CHANGE_WIFI_STATE",
            "REQUEST_DELETE_PACKAGES",
            "BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE",
            "ACCEPT_HANDOVER",
            "MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS",
            "START_FOREGROUND",
            "BLUETOOTH_SCAN",
    };

    
This optionally maps a permission to an operation.  If there
is no permission associated with an operation, it is null.
/**
     * This optionally maps a permission to an operation.  If there
     * is no permission associated with an operation, it is null.
     */
    private static String[] sOpPerms = new String[] {
            android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION,
            android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION,
            null,
            android.Manifest.permission.VIBRATE,
            android.Manifest.permission.READ_CONTACTS,
            android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS,
            android.Manifest.permission.READ_CALL_LOG,
            android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALL_LOG,
            android.Manifest.permission.READ_CALENDAR,
            android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_CALENDAR,
            android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_WIFI_STATE,
            null, // no permission required for notifications
            null, // neighboring cells shares the coarse location perm
            android.Manifest.permission.CALL_PHONE,
            android.Manifest.permission.READ_SMS,
            null, // no permission required for writing sms
            android.Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_SMS,
            android.Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_EMERGENCY_BROADCAST,
            android.Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_MMS,
            android.Manifest.permission.RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH,
            android.Manifest.permission.SEND_SMS,
            android.Manifest.permission.READ_SMS,
            null, // no permission required for writing icc sms
            android.Manifest.permission.WRITE_SETTINGS,
            android.Manifest.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW,
            android.Manifest.permission.ACCESS_NOTIFICATIONS,
            android.Manifest.permission.CAMERA,
            android.Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO,
            null, // no permission for playing audio
            null, // no permission for reading clipboard
            null, // no permission for writing clipboard
            null, // no permission for taking media buttons
            null, // no permission for taking audio focus
            null, // no permission for changing master volume
            null, // no permission for changing voice volume
            null, // no permission for changing ring volume
            null, // no permission for changing media volume
            null, // no permission for changing alarm volume
            null, // no permission for changing notification volume
            null, // no permission for changing bluetooth volume
            android.Manifest.permission.WAKE_LOCK,
            null, // no permission for generic location monitoring
            null, // no permission for high power location monitoring
            android.Manifest.permission.PACKAGE_USAGE_STATS,
            null, // no permission for muting/unmuting microphone
            null, // no permission for displaying toasts
            null, // no permission for projecting media
            null, // no permission for activating vpn
            null, // no permission for supporting wallpaper
            null, // no permission for receiving assist structure
            null, // no permission for receiving assist screenshot
            Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE,
            Manifest.permission.ADD_VOICEMAIL,
            Manifest.permission.USE_SIP,
            Manifest.permission.PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS,
            Manifest.permission.USE_FINGERPRINT,
            Manifest.permission.BODY_SENSORS,
            Manifest.permission.READ_CELL_BROADCASTS,
            null,
            Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE,
            null, // no permission for turning the screen on
            Manifest.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS,
            null, // no permission for running in background
            null, // no permission for changing accessibility volume
            Manifest.permission.READ_PHONE_NUMBERS,
            Manifest.permission.REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES,
            null, // no permission for entering picture-in-picture on hide
            Manifest.permission.INSTANT_APP_FOREGROUND_SERVICE,
            Manifest.permission.ANSWER_PHONE_CALLS,
            null, // no permission for OP_RUN_ANY_IN_BACKGROUND
            Manifest.permission.CHANGE_WIFI_STATE,
            Manifest.permission.REQUEST_DELETE_PACKAGES,
            Manifest.permission.BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE,
            Manifest.permission.ACCEPT_HANDOVER,
            null, // no permission for OP_MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS
            Manifest.permission.FOREGROUND_SERVICE,
            null, // no permission for OP_BLUETOOTH_SCAN
    };

    
Specifies whether an Op should be restricted by a user restriction.
Each Op should be filled with a restriction string from UserManager or
null to specify it is not affected by any user restriction.
/**
     * Specifies whether an Op should be restricted by a user restriction.
     * Each Op should be filled with a restriction string from UserManager or
     * null to specify it is not affected by any user restriction.
     */
    private static String[] sOpRestrictions = new String[] {
            UserManager.DISALLOW_SHARE_LOCATION, //COARSE_LOCATION
            UserManager.DISALLOW_SHARE_LOCATION, //FINE_LOCATION
            UserManager.DISALLOW_SHARE_LOCATION, //GPS
            null, //VIBRATE
            null, //READ_CONTACTS
            null, //WRITE_CONTACTS
            UserManager.DISALLOW_OUTGOING_CALLS, //READ_CALL_LOG
            UserManager.DISALLOW_OUTGOING_CALLS, //WRITE_CALL_LOG
            null, //READ_CALENDAR
            null, //WRITE_CALENDAR
            UserManager.DISALLOW_SHARE_LOCATION, //WIFI_SCAN
            null, //POST_NOTIFICATION
            null, //NEIGHBORING_CELLS
            null, //CALL_PHONE
            UserManager.DISALLOW_SMS, //READ_SMS
            UserManager.DISALLOW_SMS, //WRITE_SMS
            UserManager.DISALLOW_SMS, //RECEIVE_SMS
            null, //RECEIVE_EMERGENCY_SMS
            UserManager.DISALLOW_SMS, //RECEIVE_MMS
            null, //RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
            UserManager.DISALLOW_SMS, //SEND_SMS
            UserManager.DISALLOW_SMS, //READ_ICC_SMS
            UserManager.DISALLOW_SMS, //WRITE_ICC_SMS
            null, //WRITE_SETTINGS
            UserManager.DISALLOW_CREATE_WINDOWS, //SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW
            null, //ACCESS_NOTIFICATIONS
            UserManager.DISALLOW_CAMERA, //CAMERA
            UserManager.DISALLOW_RECORD_AUDIO, //RECORD_AUDIO
            null, //PLAY_AUDIO
            null, //READ_CLIPBOARD
            null, //WRITE_CLIPBOARD
            null, //TAKE_MEDIA_BUTTONS
            null, //TAKE_AUDIO_FOCUS
            UserManager.DISALLOW_ADJUST_VOLUME, //AUDIO_MASTER_VOLUME
            UserManager.DISALLOW_ADJUST_VOLUME, //AUDIO_VOICE_VOLUME
            UserManager.DISALLOW_ADJUST_VOLUME, //AUDIO_RING_VOLUME
            UserManager.DISALLOW_ADJUST_VOLUME, //AUDIO_MEDIA_VOLUME
            UserManager.DISALLOW_ADJUST_VOLUME, //AUDIO_ALARM_VOLUME
            UserManager.DISALLOW_ADJUST_VOLUME, //AUDIO_NOTIFICATION_VOLUME
            UserManager.DISALLOW_ADJUST_VOLUME, //AUDIO_BLUETOOTH_VOLUME
            null, //WAKE_LOCK
            UserManager.DISALLOW_SHARE_LOCATION, //MONITOR_LOCATION
            UserManager.DISALLOW_SHARE_LOCATION, //MONITOR_HIGH_POWER_LOCATION
            null, //GET_USAGE_STATS
            UserManager.DISALLOW_UNMUTE_MICROPHONE, // MUTE_MICROPHONE
            UserManager.DISALLOW_CREATE_WINDOWS, // TOAST_WINDOW
            null, //PROJECT_MEDIA
            null, // ACTIVATE_VPN
            UserManager.DISALLOW_WALLPAPER, // WRITE_WALLPAPER
            null, // ASSIST_STRUCTURE
            null, // ASSIST_SCREENSHOT
            null, // READ_PHONE_STATE
            null, // ADD_VOICEMAIL
            null, // USE_SIP
            null, // PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
            null, // USE_FINGERPRINT
            null, // BODY_SENSORS
            null, // READ_CELL_BROADCASTS
            null, // MOCK_LOCATION
            null, // READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
            null, // WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
            null, // TURN_ON_SCREEN
            null, // GET_ACCOUNTS
            null, // RUN_IN_BACKGROUND
            UserManager.DISALLOW_ADJUST_VOLUME, //AUDIO_ACCESSIBILITY_VOLUME
            null, // READ_PHONE_NUMBERS
            null, // REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES
            null, // ENTER_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_ON_HIDE
            null, // INSTANT_APP_START_FOREGROUND
            null, // ANSWER_PHONE_CALLS
            null, // OP_RUN_ANY_IN_BACKGROUND
            null, // OP_CHANGE_WIFI_STATE
            null, // REQUEST_DELETE_PACKAGES
            null, // OP_BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE
            null, // ACCEPT_HANDOVER
            null, // MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS
            null, // START_FOREGROUND
            null, // maybe should be UserManager.DISALLOW_SHARE_LOCATION, //BLUETOOTH_SCAN
    };

    
This specifies whether each option should allow the system
(and system ui) to bypass the user restriction when active.
/**
     * This specifies whether each option should allow the system
     * (and system ui) to bypass the user restriction when active.
     */
    private static boolean[] sOpAllowSystemRestrictionBypass = new boolean[] {
            true, //COARSE_LOCATION
            true, //FINE_LOCATION
            false, //GPS
            false, //VIBRATE
            false, //READ_CONTACTS
            false, //WRITE_CONTACTS
            false, //READ_CALL_LOG
            false, //WRITE_CALL_LOG
            false, //READ_CALENDAR
            false, //WRITE_CALENDAR
            true, //WIFI_SCAN
            false, //POST_NOTIFICATION
            false, //NEIGHBORING_CELLS
            false, //CALL_PHONE
            false, //READ_SMS
            false, //WRITE_SMS
            false, //RECEIVE_SMS
            false, //RECEIVE_EMERGECY_SMS
            false, //RECEIVE_MMS
            false, //RECEIVE_WAP_PUSH
            false, //SEND_SMS
            false, //READ_ICC_SMS
            false, //WRITE_ICC_SMS
            false, //WRITE_SETTINGS
            true, //SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW
            false, //ACCESS_NOTIFICATIONS
            false, //CAMERA
            false, //RECORD_AUDIO
            false, //PLAY_AUDIO
            false, //READ_CLIPBOARD
            false, //WRITE_CLIPBOARD
            false, //TAKE_MEDIA_BUTTONS
            false, //TAKE_AUDIO_FOCUS
            false, //AUDIO_MASTER_VOLUME
            false, //AUDIO_VOICE_VOLUME
            false, //AUDIO_RING_VOLUME
            false, //AUDIO_MEDIA_VOLUME
            false, //AUDIO_ALARM_VOLUME
            false, //AUDIO_NOTIFICATION_VOLUME
            false, //AUDIO_BLUETOOTH_VOLUME
            false, //WAKE_LOCK
            false, //MONITOR_LOCATION
            false, //MONITOR_HIGH_POWER_LOCATION
            false, //GET_USAGE_STATS
            false, //MUTE_MICROPHONE
            true, //TOAST_WINDOW
            false, //PROJECT_MEDIA
            false, //ACTIVATE_VPN
            false, //WALLPAPER
            false, //ASSIST_STRUCTURE
            false, //ASSIST_SCREENSHOT
            false, //READ_PHONE_STATE
            false, //ADD_VOICEMAIL
            false, // USE_SIP
            false, // PROCESS_OUTGOING_CALLS
            false, // USE_FINGERPRINT
            false, // BODY_SENSORS
            false, // READ_CELL_BROADCASTS
            false, // MOCK_LOCATION
            false, // READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
            false, // WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
            false, // TURN_ON_SCREEN
            false, // GET_ACCOUNTS
            false, // RUN_IN_BACKGROUND
            false, // AUDIO_ACCESSIBILITY_VOLUME
            false, // READ_PHONE_NUMBERS
            false, // REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES
            false, // ENTER_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE_ON_HIDE
            false, // INSTANT_APP_START_FOREGROUND
            false, // ANSWER_PHONE_CALLS
            false, // OP_RUN_ANY_IN_BACKGROUND
            false, // OP_CHANGE_WIFI_STATE
            false, // OP_REQUEST_DELETE_PACKAGES
            false, // OP_BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE
            false, // ACCEPT_HANDOVER
            false, // MANAGE_IPSEC_HANDOVERS
            false, // START_FOREGROUND
            true, // BLUETOOTH_SCAN
    };

    
This specifies the default mode for each operation.
/**
     * This specifies the default mode for each operation.
     */
    private static int[] sOpDefaultMode = new int[] {
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_IGNORED, // OP_WRITE_SMS
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_DEFAULT, // OP_WRITE_SETTINGS
            AppOpsManager.MODE_DEFAULT, // OP_SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_DEFAULT, // OP_GET_USAGE_STATS
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_IGNORED, // OP_PROJECT_MEDIA
            AppOpsManager.MODE_IGNORED, // OP_ACTIVATE_VPN
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ERRORED,  // OP_MOCK_LOCATION
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,  // OP_TURN_ON_SCREEN
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,  // OP_RUN_IN_BACKGROUND
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,  // OP_AUDIO_ACCESSIBILITY_VOLUME
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,
            AppOpsManager.MODE_DEFAULT,  // OP_REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,  // OP_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE
            AppOpsManager.MODE_DEFAULT,  // OP_INSTANT_APP_START_FOREGROUND
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,  // ANSWER_PHONE_CALLS
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,  // OP_RUN_ANY_IN_BACKGROUND
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,  // OP_CHANGE_WIFI_STATE
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,  // REQUEST_DELETE_PACKAGES
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,  // OP_BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,  // ACCEPT_HANDOVER
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ERRORED,  // MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,  // OP_START_FOREGROUND
            AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED,  // OP_BLUETOOTH_SCAN
    };

    
This specifies whether each option is allowed to be reset
when resetting all app preferences.  Disable reset for
app ops that are under strong control of some part of the
system (such as OP_WRITE_SMS, which should be allowed only
for whichever app is selected as the current SMS app).
/**
     * This specifies whether each option is allowed to be reset
     * when resetting all app preferences.  Disable reset for
     * app ops that are under strong control of some part of the
     * system (such as OP_WRITE_SMS, which should be allowed only
     * for whichever app is selected as the current SMS app).
     */
    private static boolean[] sOpDisableReset = new boolean[] {
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            true,      // OP_WRITE_SMS
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false,
            false, // OP_AUDIO_ACCESSIBILITY_VOLUME
            false,
            false, // OP_REQUEST_INSTALL_PACKAGES
            false, // OP_PICTURE_IN_PICTURE
            false,
            false, // ANSWER_PHONE_CALLS
            false, // OP_RUN_ANY_IN_BACKGROUND
            false, // OP_CHANGE_WIFI_STATE
            false, // OP_REQUEST_DELETE_PACKAGES
            false, // OP_BIND_ACCESSIBILITY_SERVICE
            false, // ACCEPT_HANDOVER
            false, // MANAGE_IPSEC_TUNNELS
            false, // START_FOREGROUND
            false, // BLUETOOTH_SCAN
    };

    
Mapping from an app op name to the app op code.
/**
     * Mapping from an app op name to the app op code.
     */
    private static HashMap<String, Integer> sOpStrToOp = new HashMap<>();

    
Mapping from a permission to the corresponding app op.
/**
     * Mapping from a permission to the corresponding app op.
     */
    private static HashMap<String, Integer> sPermToOp = new HashMap<>();

    static {
        if (sOpToSwitch.length != _NUM_OP) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("sOpToSwitch length " + sOpToSwitch.length
                    + " should be " + _NUM_OP);
        }
        if (sOpToString.length != _NUM_OP) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("sOpToString length " + sOpToString.length
                    + " should be " + _NUM_OP);
        }
        if (sOpNames.length != _NUM_OP) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("sOpNames length " + sOpNames.length
                    + " should be " + _NUM_OP);
        }
        if (sOpPerms.length != _NUM_OP) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("sOpPerms length " + sOpPerms.length
                    + " should be " + _NUM_OP);
        }
        if (sOpDefaultMode.length != _NUM_OP) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("sOpDefaultMode length " + sOpDefaultMode.length
                    + " should be " + _NUM_OP);
        }
        if (sOpDisableReset.length != _NUM_OP) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("sOpDisableReset length " + sOpDisableReset.length
                    + " should be " + _NUM_OP);
        }
        if (sOpRestrictions.length != _NUM_OP) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("sOpRestrictions length " + sOpRestrictions.length
                    + " should be " + _NUM_OP);
        }
        if (sOpAllowSystemRestrictionBypass.length != _NUM_OP) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("sOpAllowSYstemRestrictionsBypass length "
                    + sOpRestrictions.length + " should be " + _NUM_OP);
        }
        for (int i=0; i<_NUM_OP; i++) {
            if (sOpToString[i] != null) {
                sOpStrToOp.put(sOpToString[i], i);
            }
        }
        for (int op : RUNTIME_AND_APPOP_PERMISSIONS_OPS) {
            if (sOpPerms[op] != null) {
                sPermToOp.put(sOpPerms[op], op);
            }
        }
    }

    
Retrieve the op switch that controls the given operation.
@hide
/**
     * Retrieve the op switch that controls the given operation.
     * @hide
     */
    public static int opToSwitch(int op) {
        return sOpToSwitch[op];
    }

    
Retrieve a non-localized name for the operation, for debugging output.
@hide
/**
     * Retrieve a non-localized name for the operation, for debugging output.
     * @hide
     */
    public static String opToName(int op) {
        if (op == OP_NONE) return "NONE";
        return op < sOpNames.length ? sOpNames[op] : ("Unknown(" + op + ")");
    }

    
@hide
/**
     * @hide
     */
    public static int strDebugOpToOp(String op) {
        for (int i=0; i<sOpNames.length; i++) {
            if (sOpNames[i].equals(op)) {
                return i;
            }
        }
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown operation string: " + op);
    }

    
Retrieve the permission associated with an operation, or null if there is not one.
@hide
/**
     * Retrieve the permission associated with an operation, or null if there is not one.
     * @hide
     */
    public static String opToPermission(int op) {
        return sOpPerms[op];
    }

    
Retrieve the user restriction associated with an operation, or null if there is not one.
@hide
/**
     * Retrieve the user restriction associated with an operation, or null if there is not one.
     * @hide
     */
    public static String opToRestriction(int op) {
        return sOpRestrictions[op];
    }

    
Retrieve the app op code for a permission, or null if there is not one.
This API is intended to be used for mapping runtime or appop permissions
to the corresponding app op.
@hide
/**
     * Retrieve the app op code for a permission, or null if there is not one.
     * This API is intended to be used for mapping runtime or appop permissions
     * to the corresponding app op.
     * @hide
     */
    public static int permissionToOpCode(String permission) {
        Integer boxedOpCode = sPermToOp.get(permission);
        return boxedOpCode != null ? boxedOpCode : OP_NONE;
    }

    
Retrieve whether the op allows the system (and system ui) to
bypass the user restriction.
@hide
/**
     * Retrieve whether the op allows the system (and system ui) to
     * bypass the user restriction.
     * @hide
     */
    public static boolean opAllowSystemBypassRestriction(int op) {
        return sOpAllowSystemRestrictionBypass[op];
    }

    
Retrieve the default mode for the operation.
@hide
/**
     * Retrieve the default mode for the operation.
     * @hide
     */
    public static int opToDefaultMode(int op) {
        return sOpDefaultMode[op];
    }

    
Retrieve the human readable mode.
@hide
/**
     * Retrieve the human readable mode.
     * @hide
     */
    public static String modeToName(int mode) {
        if (mode >= 0 && mode < MODE_NAMES.length) {
            return MODE_NAMES[mode];
        }
        return "mode=" + mode;
    }

    
Retrieve whether the op allows itself to be reset.
@hide
/**
     * Retrieve whether the op allows itself to be reset.
     * @hide
     */
    public static boolean opAllowsReset(int op) {
        return !sOpDisableReset[op];
    }

    
Class holding all of the operation information associated with an app.
@hide
/**
     * Class holding all of the operation information associated with an app.
     * @hide
     */
    public static class PackageOps implements Parcelable {
        private final String mPackageName;
        private final int mUid;
        private final List<OpEntry> mEntries;

        public PackageOps(String packageName, int uid, List<OpEntry> entries) {
            mPackageName = packageName;
            mUid = uid;
            mEntries = entries;
        }

        public String getPackageName() {
            return mPackageName;
        }

        public int getUid() {
            return mUid;
        }

        public List<OpEntry> getOps() {
            return mEntries;
        }

        @Override
        public int describeContents() {
            return 0;
        }

        @Override
        public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
            dest.writeString(mPackageName);
            dest.writeInt(mUid);
            dest.writeInt(mEntries.size());
            for (int i=0; i<mEntries.size(); i++) {
                mEntries.get(i).writeToParcel(dest, flags);
            }
        }

        PackageOps(Parcel source) {
            mPackageName = source.readString();
            mUid = source.readInt();
            mEntries = new ArrayList<OpEntry>();
            final int N = source.readInt();
            for (int i=0; i<N; i++) {
                mEntries.add(OpEntry.CREATOR.createFromParcel(source));
            }
        }

        public static final Creator<PackageOps> CREATOR = new Creator<PackageOps>() {
            @Override public PackageOps createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
                return new PackageOps(source);
            }

            @Override public PackageOps[] newArray(int size) {
                return new PackageOps[size];
            }
        };
    }

    
Class holding the information about one unique operation of an application.
@hide
/**
     * Class holding the information about one unique operation of an application.
     * @hide
     */
    public static class OpEntry implements Parcelable {
        private final int mOp;
        private final int mMode;
        private final long[] mTimes;
        private final long[] mRejectTimes;
        private final int mDuration;
        private final int mProxyUid;
        private final boolean mRunning;
        private final String mProxyPackageName;

        public OpEntry(int op, int mode, long time, long rejectTime, int duration,
                int proxyUid, String proxyPackage) {
            mOp = op;
            mMode = mode;
            mTimes = new long[_NUM_UID_STATE];
            mRejectTimes = new long[_NUM_UID_STATE];
            mTimes[0] = time;
            mRejectTimes[0] = rejectTime;
            mDuration = duration;
            mRunning = duration == -1;
            mProxyUid = proxyUid;
            mProxyPackageName = proxyPackage;
        }

        public OpEntry(int op, int mode, long[] times, long[] rejectTimes, int duration,
                boolean running, int proxyUid, String proxyPackage) {
            mOp = op;
            mMode = mode;
            mTimes = new long[_NUM_UID_STATE];
            mRejectTimes = new long[_NUM_UID_STATE];
            System.arraycopy(times, 0, mTimes, 0, _NUM_UID_STATE);
            System.arraycopy(rejectTimes, 0, mRejectTimes, 0, _NUM_UID_STATE);
            mDuration = duration;
            mRunning = running;
            mProxyUid = proxyUid;
            mProxyPackageName = proxyPackage;
        }

        public OpEntry(int op, int mode, long[] times, long[] rejectTimes, int duration,
                int proxyUid, String proxyPackage) {
            this(op, mode, times, rejectTimes, duration, duration == -1, proxyUid, proxyPackage);
        }

        public int getOp() {
            return mOp;
        }

        public int getMode() {
            return mMode;
        }

        public long getTime() {
            return maxTime(mTimes, 0, _NUM_UID_STATE);
        }

        public long getLastAccessTime() {
            return maxTime(mTimes, 0, _NUM_UID_STATE);
        }

        public long getLastAccessForegroundTime() {
            return maxTime(mTimes, UID_STATE_PERSISTENT, UID_STATE_LAST_NON_RESTRICTED + 1);
        }

        public long getLastAccessBackgroundTime() {
            return maxTime(mTimes, UID_STATE_LAST_NON_RESTRICTED + 1, _NUM_UID_STATE);
        }

        public long getLastTimeFor(int uidState) {
            return mTimes[uidState];
        }

        public long getRejectTime() {
            return maxTime(mRejectTimes, 0, _NUM_UID_STATE);
        }

        public long getLastRejectTime() {
            return maxTime(mRejectTimes, 0, _NUM_UID_STATE);
        }

        public long getLastRejectForegroundTime() {
            return maxTime(mRejectTimes, UID_STATE_PERSISTENT, UID_STATE_LAST_NON_RESTRICTED + 1);
        }

        public long getLastRejectBackgroundTime() {
            return maxTime(mRejectTimes, UID_STATE_LAST_NON_RESTRICTED + 1, _NUM_UID_STATE);
        }

        public long getLastRejectTimeFor(int uidState) {
            return mRejectTimes[uidState];
        }

        public boolean isRunning() {
            return mRunning;
        }

        public int getDuration() {
            return mDuration;
        }

        public int getProxyUid() {
            return  mProxyUid;
        }

        public String getProxyPackageName() {
            return mProxyPackageName;
        }

        @Override
        public int describeContents() {
            return 0;
        }

        @Override
        public void writeToParcel(Parcel dest, int flags) {
            dest.writeInt(mOp);
            dest.writeInt(mMode);
            dest.writeLongArray(mTimes);
            dest.writeLongArray(mRejectTimes);
            dest.writeInt(mDuration);
            dest.writeBoolean(mRunning);
            dest.writeInt(mProxyUid);
            dest.writeString(mProxyPackageName);
        }

        OpEntry(Parcel source) {
            mOp = source.readInt();
            mMode = source.readInt();
            mTimes = source.createLongArray();
            mRejectTimes = source.createLongArray();
            mDuration = source.readInt();
            mRunning = source.readBoolean();
            mProxyUid = source.readInt();
            mProxyPackageName = source.readString();
        }

        public static final Creator<OpEntry> CREATOR = new Creator<OpEntry>() {
            @Override public OpEntry createFromParcel(Parcel source) {
                return new OpEntry(source);
            }

            @Override public OpEntry[] newArray(int size) {
                return new OpEntry[size];
            }
        };
    }

    
Callback for notification of changes to operation state.
/**
     * Callback for notification of changes to operation state.
     */
    public interface OnOpChangedListener {
        public void onOpChanged(String op, String packageName);
    }

    
Callback for notification of changes to operation active state.
@hide
/**
     * Callback for notification of changes to operation active state.
     *
     * @hide
     */
    @TestApi
    public interface OnOpActiveChangedListener {
        
Called when the active state of an app op changes.
Params:
code – The op code.
uid – The UID performing the operation.
packageName – The package performing the operation.
active – Whether the operation became active or inactive./**
         * Called when the active state of an app op changes.
         *
         * @param code The op code.
         * @param uid The UID performing the operation.
         * @param packageName The package performing the operation.
         * @param active Whether the operation became active or inactive.
         */
        void onOpActiveChanged(int code, int uid, String packageName, boolean active);
    }

    
Callback for notification of changes to operation state.
This allows you to see the raw op codes instead of strings.
@hide
/**
     * Callback for notification of changes to operation state.
     * This allows you to see the raw op codes instead of strings.
     * @hide
     */
    public static class OnOpChangedInternalListener implements OnOpChangedListener {
        public void onOpChanged(String op, String packageName) { }
        public void onOpChanged(int op, String packageName) { }
    }

    AppOpsManager(Context context, IAppOpsService service) {
        mContext = context;
        mService = service;
    }

    
Retrieve current operation state for all applications.
Params:
ops – The set of operations you are interested in, or null if you want all of them.
@hide
/**
     * Retrieve current operation state for all applications.
     *
     * @param ops The set of operations you are interested in, or null if you want all of them.
     * @hide
     */
    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.GET_APP_OPS_STATS)
    public List<AppOpsManager.PackageOps> getPackagesForOps(int[] ops) {
        try {
            return mService.getPackagesForOps(ops);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
Retrieve current operation state for one application.
Params:
uid – The uid of the application of interest.
packageName – The name of the application of interest.
ops – The set of operations you are interested in, or null if you want all of them.
@hide
/**
     * Retrieve current operation state for one application.
     *
     * @param uid The uid of the application of interest.
     * @param packageName The name of the application of interest.
     * @param ops The set of operations you are interested in, or null if you want all of them.
     * @hide
     */
    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.GET_APP_OPS_STATS)
    public List<AppOpsManager.PackageOps> getOpsForPackage(int uid, String packageName, int[] ops) {
        try {
            return mService.getOpsForPackage(uid, packageName, ops);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
Sets given app op in the specified mode for app ops in the UID.
This applies to all apps currently in the UID or installed in
this UID in the future.
Params:
code – The app op.
uid – The UID for which to set the app.
mode – The app op mode to set.
@hide
/**
     * Sets given app op in the specified mode for app ops in the UID.
     * This applies to all apps currently in the UID or installed in
     * this UID in the future.
     *
     * @param code The app op.
     * @param uid The UID for which to set the app.
     * @param mode The app op mode to set.
     * @hide
     */
    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_APP_OPS_MODES)
    public void setUidMode(int code, int uid, int mode) {
        try {
            mService.setUidMode(code, uid, mode);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
Sets given app op in the specified mode for app ops in the UID.
This applies to all apps currently in the UID or installed in
this UID in the future.
Params:
appOp – The app op.
uid – The UID for which to set the app.
mode – The app op mode to set.
@hide
/**
     * Sets given app op in the specified mode for app ops in the UID.
     * This applies to all apps currently in the UID or installed in
     * this UID in the future.
     *
     * @param appOp The app op.
     * @param uid The UID for which to set the app.
     * @param mode The app op mode to set.
     * @hide
     */
    @SystemApi
    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_APP_OPS_MODES)
    public void setUidMode(String appOp, int uid, int mode) {
        try {
            mService.setUidMode(AppOpsManager.strOpToOp(appOp), uid, mode);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public void setUserRestriction(int code, boolean restricted, IBinder token) {
        setUserRestriction(code, restricted, token, /*exceptionPackages*/null);
    }

    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public void setUserRestriction(int code, boolean restricted, IBinder token,
            String[] exceptionPackages) {
        setUserRestrictionForUser(code, restricted, token, exceptionPackages, mContext.getUserId());
    }

    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public void setUserRestrictionForUser(int code, boolean restricted, IBinder token,
            String[] exceptionPackages, int userId) {
        try {
            mService.setUserRestriction(code, restricted, token, userId, exceptionPackages);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @TestApi
    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_APP_OPS_MODES)
    public void setMode(int code, int uid, String packageName, int mode) {
        try {
            mService.setMode(code, uid, packageName, mode);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
Change the operating mode for the given op in the given app package.  You must pass
in both the uid and name of the application whose mode is being modified; if these
do not match, the modification will not be applied.
Params:
op – The operation to modify.  One of the OPSTR_* constants.
uid – The user id of the application whose mode will be changed.
packageName – The name of the application package name whose mode will
be changed.
@hide
/**
     * Change the operating mode for the given op in the given app package.  You must pass
     * in both the uid and name of the application whose mode is being modified; if these
     * do not match, the modification will not be applied.
     *
     * @param op The operation to modify.  One of the OPSTR_* constants.
     * @param uid The user id of the application whose mode will be changed.
     * @param packageName The name of the application package name whose mode will
     * be changed.
     * @hide
     */
    @SystemApi
    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_APP_OPS_MODES)
    public void setMode(String op, int uid, String packageName, int mode) {
        try {
            mService.setMode(strOpToOp(op), uid, packageName, mode);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
Set a non-persisted restriction on an audio operation at a stream-level. Restrictions are temporary additional constraints imposed on top of the persisted rules defined by setMode. 
Params:
code – The operation to restrict.
usage – The AudioAttributes usage value.
mode – The restriction mode (MODE_IGNORED,MODE_ERRORED) or MODE_ALLOWED to unrestrict.
exceptionPackages – Optional list of packages to exclude from the restriction.
@hide
/**
     * Set a non-persisted restriction on an audio operation at a stream-level.
     * Restrictions are temporary additional constraints imposed on top of the persisted rules
     * defined by {@link #setMode}.
     *
     * @param code The operation to restrict.
     * @param usage The {@link android.media.AudioAttributes} usage value.
     * @param mode The restriction mode (MODE_IGNORED,MODE_ERRORED) or MODE_ALLOWED to unrestrict.
     * @param exceptionPackages Optional list of packages to exclude from the restriction.
     * @hide
     */
    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_APP_OPS_MODES)
    public void setRestriction(int code, @AttributeUsage int usage, int mode,
            String[] exceptionPackages) {
        try {
            final int uid = Binder.getCallingUid();
            mService.setAudioRestriction(code, usage, uid, mode, exceptionPackages);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
@hide
/** @hide */
    @RequiresPermission(android.Manifest.permission.MANAGE_APP_OPS_MODES)
    public void resetAllModes() {
        try {
            mService.resetAllModes(mContext.getUserId(), null);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
Gets the app op name associated with a given permission. The app op name is one of the public constants defined in this class such as OPSTR_COARSE_LOCATION. This API is intended to be used for mapping runtime permissions to the corresponding app op. 
Params:
permission – The permission.
Returns:
The app op associated with the permission or null./**
     * Gets the app op name associated with a given permission.
     * The app op name is one of the public constants defined
     * in this class such as {@link #OPSTR_COARSE_LOCATION}.
     * This API is intended to be used for mapping runtime
     * permissions to the corresponding app op.
     *
     * @param permission The permission.
     * @return The app op associated with the permission or null.
     */
    public static String permissionToOp(String permission) {
        final Integer opCode = sPermToOp.get(permission);
        if (opCode == null) {
            return null;
        }
        return sOpToString[opCode];
    }

    
Monitor for changes to the operating mode for the given op in the given app package.
You can watch op changes only for your UID.
Params:
op – The operation to monitor, one of OPSTR_*.
packageName – The name of the application to monitor.
callback – Where to report changes./**
     * Monitor for changes to the operating mode for the given op in the given app package.
     * You can watch op changes only for your UID.
     *
     * @param op The operation to monitor, one of OPSTR_*.
     * @param packageName The name of the application to monitor.
     * @param callback Where to report changes.
     */
    public void startWatchingMode(String op, String packageName,
            final OnOpChangedListener callback) {
        startWatchingMode(strOpToOp(op), packageName, callback);
    }

    
Monitor for changes to the operating mode for the given op in the given app package.
You can watch op changes only for your UID.
Params:
op – The operation to monitor, one of OPSTR_*.
packageName – The name of the application to monitor.
flags – Option flags: any combination of WATCH_FOREGROUND_CHANGES or 0.
callback – Where to report changes.
@hide
/**
     * Monitor for changes to the operating mode for the given op in the given app package.
     * You can watch op changes only for your UID.
     *
     * @param op The operation to monitor, one of OPSTR_*.
     * @param packageName The name of the application to monitor.
     * @param flags Option flags: any combination of {@link #WATCH_FOREGROUND_CHANGES} or 0.
     * @param callback Where to report changes.
     * @hide
     */
    public void startWatchingMode(String op, String packageName, int flags,
            final OnOpChangedListener callback) {
        startWatchingMode(strOpToOp(op), packageName, flags, callback);
    }

    
Monitor for changes to the operating mode for the given op in the given app package.
 If you don't hold the WATCH_APPOPS.WATCH_APPOPS permission you can watch changes only for your UID. 
Params:
op – The operation to monitor, one of OP_*.
packageName – The name of the application to monitor.
callback – Where to report changes.
@hide
/**
     * Monitor for changes to the operating mode for the given op in the given app package.
     *
     * <p> If you don't hold the {@link android.Manifest.permission#WATCH_APPOPS} permission
     * you can watch changes only for your UID.
     *
     * @param op The operation to monitor, one of OP_*.
     * @param packageName The name of the application to monitor.
     * @param callback Where to report changes.
     * @hide
     */
    @RequiresPermission(value=android.Manifest.permission.WATCH_APPOPS, conditional=true)
    public void startWatchingMode(int op, String packageName, final OnOpChangedListener callback) {
        startWatchingMode(op, packageName, 0, callback);
    }

    
Monitor for changes to the operating mode for the given op in the given app package.
 If you don't hold the WATCH_APPOPS.WATCH_APPOPS permission you can watch changes only for your UID. 
Params:
op – The operation to monitor, one of OP_*.
packageName – The name of the application to monitor.
flags – Option flags: any combination of WATCH_FOREGROUND_CHANGES or 0.
callback – Where to report changes.
@hide
/**
     * Monitor for changes to the operating mode for the given op in the given app package.
     *
     * <p> If you don't hold the {@link android.Manifest.permission#WATCH_APPOPS} permission
     * you can watch changes only for your UID.
     *
     * @param op The operation to monitor, one of OP_*.
     * @param packageName The name of the application to monitor.
     * @param flags Option flags: any combination of {@link #WATCH_FOREGROUND_CHANGES} or 0.
     * @param callback Where to report changes.
     * @hide
     */
    @RequiresPermission(value=android.Manifest.permission.WATCH_APPOPS, conditional=true)
    public void startWatchingMode(int op, String packageName, int flags,
            final OnOpChangedListener callback) {
        synchronized (mModeWatchers) {
            IAppOpsCallback cb = mModeWatchers.get(callback);
            if (cb == null) {
                cb = new IAppOpsCallback.Stub() {
                    public void opChanged(int op, int uid, String packageName) {
                        if (callback instanceof OnOpChangedInternalListener) {
                            ((OnOpChangedInternalListener)callback).onOpChanged(op, packageName);
                        }
                        if (sOpToString[op] != null) {
                            callback.onOpChanged(sOpToString[op], packageName);
                        }
                    }
                };
                mModeWatchers.put(callback, cb);
            }
            try {
                mService.startWatchingModeWithFlags(op, packageName, flags, cb);
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
            }
        }
    }

    
Stop monitoring that was previously started with startWatchingMode. All monitoring associated with this callback will be removed. /**
     * Stop monitoring that was previously started with {@link #startWatchingMode}.  All
     * monitoring associated with this callback will be removed.
     */
    public void stopWatchingMode(OnOpChangedListener callback) {
        synchronized (mModeWatchers) {
            IAppOpsCallback cb = mModeWatchers.get(callback);
            if (cb != null) {
                try {
                    mService.stopWatchingMode(cb);
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    
Start watching for changes to the active state of app ops. An app op may be
long running and it has a clear start and stop delimiters. If an op is being
started or stopped by any package you will get a callback. To change the
watched ops for a registered callback you need to unregister and register it
again.
 If you don't hold the WATCH_APPOPS.WATCH_APPOPS permission you can watch changes only for your UID. 
Params:
ops – The ops to watch.
callback – Where to report changes.
See Also:
isOperationActive(int, int, String)
stopWatchingActive(OnOpActiveChangedListener)
startOp(int, int, String)
finishOp(int, int, String)
@hide
/**
     * Start watching for changes to the active state of app ops. An app op may be
     * long running and it has a clear start and stop delimiters. If an op is being
     * started or stopped by any package you will get a callback. To change the
     * watched ops for a registered callback you need to unregister and register it
     * again.
     *
     * <p> If you don't hold the {@link android.Manifest.permission#WATCH_APPOPS} permission
     * you can watch changes only for your UID.
     *
     * @param ops The ops to watch.
     * @param callback Where to report changes.
     *
     * @see #isOperationActive(int, int, String)
     * @see #stopWatchingActive(OnOpActiveChangedListener)
     * @see #startOp(int, int, String)
     * @see #finishOp(int, int, String)
     *
     * @hide
     */
    @TestApi
    // TODO: Uncomment below annotation once b/73559440 is fixed
    // @RequiresPermission(value=Manifest.permission.WATCH_APPOPS, conditional=true)
    public void startWatchingActive(@NonNull int[] ops,
            @NonNull OnOpActiveChangedListener callback) {
        Preconditions.checkNotNull(ops, "ops cannot be null");
        Preconditions.checkNotNull(callback, "callback cannot be null");
        IAppOpsActiveCallback cb;
        synchronized (mActiveWatchers) {
            cb = mActiveWatchers.get(callback);
            if (cb != null) {
                return;
            }
            cb = new IAppOpsActiveCallback.Stub() {
                @Override
                public void opActiveChanged(int op, int uid, String packageName, boolean active) {
                    callback.onOpActiveChanged(op, uid, packageName, active);
                }
            };
            mActiveWatchers.put(callback, cb);
        }
        try {
            mService.startWatchingActive(ops, cb);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
Stop watching for changes to the active state of an app op. An app op may be
long running and it has a clear start and stop delimiters. Unregistering a
non-registered callback has no effect.
See Also:
#isOperationActive#(int, int, String)
startWatchingActive(int[], OnOpActiveChangedListener)
startOp(int, int, String)
finishOp(int, int, String)
@hide
/**
     * Stop watching for changes to the active state of an app op. An app op may be
     * long running and it has a clear start and stop delimiters. Unregistering a
     * non-registered callback has no effect.
     *
     * @see #isOperationActive#(int, int, String)
     * @see #startWatchingActive(int[], OnOpActiveChangedListener)
     * @see #startOp(int, int, String)
     * @see #finishOp(int, int, String)
     *
     * @hide
     */
    @TestApi
    public void stopWatchingActive(@NonNull OnOpActiveChangedListener callback) {
        synchronized (mActiveWatchers) {
            final IAppOpsActiveCallback cb = mActiveWatchers.get(callback);
            if (cb != null) {
                try {
                    mService.stopWatchingActive(cb);
                } catch (RemoteException e) {
                    throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    private String buildSecurityExceptionMsg(int op, int uid, String packageName) {
        return packageName + " from uid " + uid + " not allowed to perform " + sOpNames[op];
    }

    
{@hide}
/**
     * {@hide}
     */
    public static int strOpToOp(String op) {
        Integer val = sOpStrToOp.get(op);
        if (val == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unknown operation string: " + op);
        }
        return val;
    }

    
Do a quick check for whether an application might be able to perform an operation.
This is not a security check; you must use noteOp(String, int, String) or startOp(String, int, String) for your actual security checks, which also ensure that the given uid and package name are consistent. This function can just be used for a quick check to see if an operation has been disabled for the application, as an early reject of some work. This does not modify the time stamp or other data about the operation. 
Important things this will not do (which you need to ultimate use noteOp(String, int, String) or startOp(String, int, String) to cover):

    
Verifying the uid and package are consistent, so callers can't spoof
    their identity.
    
Taking into account the current foreground/background state of the app; apps whose mode varies by this state will always be reported as MODE_ALLOWED.

Params:
op – The operation to check.  One of the OPSTR_* constants.
uid – The user id of the application attempting to perform the operation.
packageName – The name of the application attempting to perform the operation.
Throws:
SecurityException – If the app has been configured to crash on this op.
Returns:
Returns MODE_ALLOWED if the operation is allowed, or MODE_IGNORED if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without causing the app to crash)./**
     * Do a quick check for whether an application might be able to perform an operation.
     * This is <em>not</em> a security check; you must use {@link #noteOp(String, int, String)}
     * or {@link #startOp(String, int, String)} for your actual security checks, which also
     * ensure that the given uid and package name are consistent.  This function can just be
     * used for a quick check to see if an operation has been disabled for the application,
     * as an early reject of some work.  This does not modify the time stamp or other data
     * about the operation.
     *
     * <p>Important things this will not do (which you need to ultimate use
     * {@link #noteOp(String, int, String)} or {@link #startOp(String, int, String)} to cover):</p>
     * <ul>
     *     <li>Verifying the uid and package are consistent, so callers can't spoof
     *     their identity.</li>
     *     <li>Taking into account the current foreground/background state of the
     *     app; apps whose mode varies by this state will always be reported
     *     as {@link #MODE_ALLOWED}.</li>
     * </ul>
     *
     * @param op The operation to check.  One of the OPSTR_* constants.
     * @param uid The user id of the application attempting to perform the operation.
     * @param packageName The name of the application attempting to perform the operation.
     * @return Returns {@link #MODE_ALLOWED} if the operation is allowed, or
     * {@link #MODE_IGNORED} if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without
     * causing the app to crash).
     * @throws SecurityException If the app has been configured to crash on this op.
     */
    public int checkOp(String op, int uid, String packageName) {
        return checkOp(strOpToOp(op), uid, packageName);
    }

    
Like checkOp but instead of throwing a SecurityException it returns MODE_ERRORED. /**
     * Like {@link #checkOp} but instead of throwing a {@link SecurityException} it
     * returns {@link #MODE_ERRORED}.
     */
    public int checkOpNoThrow(String op, int uid, String packageName) {
        return checkOpNoThrow(strOpToOp(op), uid, packageName);
    }

    
Like checkOp but returns the raw mode associated with the op. Does not throw a security exception, does not translate MODE_FOREGROUND. 
@hide
/**
     * Like {@link #checkOp} but returns the <em>raw</em> mode associated with the op.
     * Does not throw a security exception, does not translate {@link #MODE_FOREGROUND}.
     * @hide
     */
    public int unsafeCheckOpRaw(String op, int uid, String packageName) {
        try {
            return mService.checkOperation(strOpToOp(op), uid, packageName);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
Make note of an application performing an operation. Note that you must pass in both the uid and name of the application to be checked; this function will verify that these two match, and if not, return MODE_IGNORED. If this call succeeds, the last execution time of the operation for this app will be updated to the current time. 
Params:
op – The operation to note.  One of the OPSTR_* constants.
uid – The user id of the application attempting to perform the operation.
packageName – The name of the application attempting to perform the operation.
Throws:
SecurityException – If the app has been configured to crash on this op.
Returns:
Returns MODE_ALLOWED if the operation is allowed, or MODE_IGNORED if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without causing the app to crash)./**
     * Make note of an application performing an operation.  Note that you must pass
     * in both the uid and name of the application to be checked; this function will verify
     * that these two match, and if not, return {@link #MODE_IGNORED}.  If this call
     * succeeds, the last execution time of the operation for this app will be updated to
     * the current time.
     * @param op The operation to note.  One of the OPSTR_* constants.
     * @param uid The user id of the application attempting to perform the operation.
     * @param packageName The name of the application attempting to perform the operation.
     * @return Returns {@link #MODE_ALLOWED} if the operation is allowed, or
     * {@link #MODE_IGNORED} if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without
     * causing the app to crash).
     * @throws SecurityException If the app has been configured to crash on this op.
     */
    public int noteOp(String op, int uid, String packageName) {
        return noteOp(strOpToOp(op), uid, packageName);
    }

    
Like noteOp but instead of throwing a SecurityException it returns MODE_ERRORED. /**
     * Like {@link #noteOp} but instead of throwing a {@link SecurityException} it
     * returns {@link #MODE_ERRORED}.
     */
    public int noteOpNoThrow(String op, int uid, String packageName) {
        return noteOpNoThrow(strOpToOp(op), uid, packageName);
    }

    
Make note of an application performing an operation on behalf of another application when handling an IPC. Note that you must pass the package name of the application that is being proxied while its UID will be inferred from the IPC state; this function will verify that the calling uid and proxied package name match, and if not, return MODE_IGNORED. If this call succeeds, the last execution time of the operation for the proxied app and your app will be updated to the current time. 
Params:
op – The operation to note.  One of the OPSTR_* constants.
proxiedPackageName – The name of the application calling into the proxy application.
Throws:
SecurityException – If the app has been configured to crash on this op.
Returns:
Returns MODE_ALLOWED if the operation is allowed, or MODE_IGNORED if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without causing the app to crash)./**
     * Make note of an application performing an operation on behalf of another
     * application when handling an IPC. Note that you must pass the package name
     * of the application that is being proxied while its UID will be inferred from
     * the IPC state; this function will verify that the calling uid and proxied
     * package name match, and if not, return {@link #MODE_IGNORED}. If this call
     * succeeds, the last execution time of the operation for the proxied app and
     * your app will be updated to the current time.
     * @param op The operation to note.  One of the OPSTR_* constants.
     * @param proxiedPackageName The name of the application calling into the proxy application.
     * @return Returns {@link #MODE_ALLOWED} if the operation is allowed, or
     * {@link #MODE_IGNORED} if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without
     * causing the app to crash).
     * @throws SecurityException If the app has been configured to crash on this op.
     */
    public int noteProxyOp(String op, String proxiedPackageName) {
        return noteProxyOp(strOpToOp(op), proxiedPackageName);
    }

    
Like noteProxyOp(String, String) but instead of throwing a SecurityException it returns MODE_ERRORED. /**
     * Like {@link #noteProxyOp(String, String)} but instead
     * of throwing a {@link SecurityException} it returns {@link #MODE_ERRORED}.
     */
    public int noteProxyOpNoThrow(String op, String proxiedPackageName) {
        return noteProxyOpNoThrow(strOpToOp(op), proxiedPackageName);
    }

    
Report that an application has started executing a long-running operation. Note that you must pass in both the uid and name of the application to be checked; this function will verify that these two match, and if not, return MODE_IGNORED. If this call succeeds, the last execution time of the operation for this app will be updated to the current time and the operation will be marked as "running". In this case you must later call finishOp(String, int, String) to report when the application is no longer performing the operation. 
Params:
op – The operation to start.  One of the OPSTR_* constants.
uid – The user id of the application attempting to perform the operation.
packageName – The name of the application attempting to perform the operation.
Throws:
SecurityException – If the app has been configured to crash on this op.
Returns:
Returns MODE_ALLOWED if the operation is allowed, or MODE_IGNORED if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without causing the app to crash)./**
     * Report that an application has started executing a long-running operation.  Note that you
     * must pass in both the uid and name of the application to be checked; this function will
     * verify that these two match, and if not, return {@link #MODE_IGNORED}.  If this call
     * succeeds, the last execution time of the operation for this app will be updated to
     * the current time and the operation will be marked as "running".  In this case you must
     * later call {@link #finishOp(String, int, String)} to report when the application is no
     * longer performing the operation.
     * @param op The operation to start.  One of the OPSTR_* constants.
     * @param uid The user id of the application attempting to perform the operation.
     * @param packageName The name of the application attempting to perform the operation.
     * @return Returns {@link #MODE_ALLOWED} if the operation is allowed, or
     * {@link #MODE_IGNORED} if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without
     * causing the app to crash).
     * @throws SecurityException If the app has been configured to crash on this op.
     */
    public int startOp(String op, int uid, String packageName) {
        return startOp(strOpToOp(op), uid, packageName);
    }

    
Like startOp but instead of throwing a SecurityException it returns MODE_ERRORED. /**
     * Like {@link #startOp} but instead of throwing a {@link SecurityException} it
     * returns {@link #MODE_ERRORED}.
     */
    public int startOpNoThrow(String op, int uid, String packageName) {
        return startOpNoThrow(strOpToOp(op), uid, packageName);
    }

    
Report that an application is no longer performing an operation that had previously been started with startOp(String, int, String). There is no validation of input or result; the parameters supplied here must be the exact same ones previously passed in when starting the operation. /**
     * Report that an application is no longer performing an operation that had previously
     * been started with {@link #startOp(String, int, String)}.  There is no validation of input
     * or result; the parameters supplied here must be the exact same ones previously passed
     * in when starting the operation.
     */
    public void finishOp(String op, int uid, String packageName) {
        finishOp(strOpToOp(op), uid, packageName);
    }

    
Do a quick check for whether an application might be able to perform an operation.
This is not a security check; you must use noteOp(int, int, String) or startOp(int, int, String) for your actual security checks, which also ensure that the given uid and package name are consistent. This function can just be used for a quick check to see if an operation has been disabled for the application, as an early reject of some work. This does not modify the time stamp or other data about the operation. 
Important things this will not do (which you need to ultimate use noteOp(int, int, String) or startOp(int, int, String) to cover):

    
Verifying the uid and package are consistent, so callers can't spoof
    their identity.
    
Taking into account the current foreground/background state of the app; apps whose mode varies by this state will always be reported as MODE_ALLOWED.

Params:
op – The operation to check.  One of the OP_* constants.
uid – The user id of the application attempting to perform the operation.
packageName – The name of the application attempting to perform the operation.
Throws:
SecurityException – If the app has been configured to crash on this op.
Returns:
Returns MODE_ALLOWED if the operation is allowed, or MODE_IGNORED if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without causing the app to crash).
@hide
/**
     * Do a quick check for whether an application might be able to perform an operation.
     * This is <em>not</em> a security check; you must use {@link #noteOp(int, int, String)}
     * or {@link #startOp(int, int, String)} for your actual security checks, which also
     * ensure that the given uid and package name are consistent.  This function can just be
     * used for a quick check to see if an operation has been disabled for the application,
     * as an early reject of some work.  This does not modify the time stamp or other data
     * about the operation.
     *
     * <p>Important things this will not do (which you need to ultimate use
     * {@link #noteOp(int, int, String)} or {@link #startOp(int, int, String)} to cover):</p>
     * <ul>
     *     <li>Verifying the uid and package are consistent, so callers can't spoof
     *     their identity.</li>
     *     <li>Taking into account the current foreground/background state of the
     *     app; apps whose mode varies by this state will always be reported
     *     as {@link #MODE_ALLOWED}.</li>
     * </ul>
     *
     * @param op The operation to check.  One of the OP_* constants.
     * @param uid The user id of the application attempting to perform the operation.
     * @param packageName The name of the application attempting to perform the operation.
     * @return Returns {@link #MODE_ALLOWED} if the operation is allowed, or
     * {@link #MODE_IGNORED} if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without
     * causing the app to crash).
     * @throws SecurityException If the app has been configured to crash on this op.
     * @hide
     */
    public int checkOp(int op, int uid, String packageName) {
        try {
            int mode = mService.checkOperation(op, uid, packageName);
            if (mode == MODE_ERRORED) {
                throw new SecurityException(buildSecurityExceptionMsg(op, uid, packageName));
            }
            return mode;
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
Like checkOp but instead of throwing a SecurityException it returns MODE_ERRORED. 
@hide
/**
     * Like {@link #checkOp} but instead of throwing a {@link SecurityException} it
     * returns {@link #MODE_ERRORED}.
     * @hide
     */
    public int checkOpNoThrow(int op, int uid, String packageName) {
        try {
            int mode = mService.checkOperation(op, uid, packageName);
            return mode == AppOpsManager.MODE_FOREGROUND ? AppOpsManager.MODE_ALLOWED : mode;
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
Do a quick check to validate if a package name belongs to a UID.
Throws:
SecurityException – if the package name doesn't belong to the given
            UID, or if ownership cannot be verified./**
     * Do a quick check to validate if a package name belongs to a UID.
     *
     * @throws SecurityException if the package name doesn't belong to the given
     *             UID, or if ownership cannot be verified.
     */
    public void checkPackage(int uid, String packageName) {
        try {
            if (mService.checkPackage(uid, packageName) != MODE_ALLOWED) {
                throw new SecurityException(
                        "Package " + packageName + " does not belong to " + uid);
            }
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
Like checkOp but at a stream-level for audio operations. 
@hide
/**
     * Like {@link #checkOp} but at a stream-level for audio operations.
     * @hide
     */
    public int checkAudioOp(int op, int stream, int uid, String packageName) {
        try {
            final int mode = mService.checkAudioOperation(op, stream, uid, packageName);
            if (mode == MODE_ERRORED) {
                throw new SecurityException(buildSecurityExceptionMsg(op, uid, packageName));
            }
            return mode;
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
Like checkAudioOp but instead of throwing a SecurityException it returns MODE_ERRORED. 
@hide
/**
     * Like {@link #checkAudioOp} but instead of throwing a {@link SecurityException} it
     * returns {@link #MODE_ERRORED}.
     * @hide
     */
    public int checkAudioOpNoThrow(int op, int stream, int uid, String packageName) {
        try {
            return mService.checkAudioOperation(op, stream, uid, packageName);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
Make note of an application performing an operation. Note that you must pass in both the uid and name of the application to be checked; this function will verify that these two match, and if not, return MODE_IGNORED. If this call succeeds, the last execution time of the operation for this app will be updated to the current time. 
Params:
op – The operation to note.  One of the OP_* constants.
uid – The user id of the application attempting to perform the operation.
packageName – The name of the application attempting to perform the operation.
Throws:
SecurityException – If the app has been configured to crash on this op.
Returns:
Returns MODE_ALLOWED if the operation is allowed, or MODE_IGNORED if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without causing the app to crash).
@hide
/**
     * Make note of an application performing an operation.  Note that you must pass
     * in both the uid and name of the application to be checked; this function will verify
     * that these two match, and if not, return {@link #MODE_IGNORED}.  If this call
     * succeeds, the last execution time of the operation for this app will be updated to
     * the current time.
     * @param op The operation to note.  One of the OP_* constants.
     * @param uid The user id of the application attempting to perform the operation.
     * @param packageName The name of the application attempting to perform the operation.
     * @return Returns {@link #MODE_ALLOWED} if the operation is allowed, or
     * {@link #MODE_IGNORED} if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without
     * causing the app to crash).
     * @throws SecurityException If the app has been configured to crash on this op.
     * @hide
     */
    public int noteOp(int op, int uid, String packageName) {
        final int mode = noteOpNoThrow(op, uid, packageName);
        if (mode == MODE_ERRORED) {
            throw new SecurityException(buildSecurityExceptionMsg(op, uid, packageName));
        }
        return mode;
    }

    
Make note of an application performing an operation on behalf of another application when handling an IPC. Note that you must pass the package name of the application that is being proxied while its UID will be inferred from the IPC state; this function will verify that the calling uid and proxied package name match, and if not, return MODE_IGNORED. If this call succeeds, the last execution time of the operation for the proxied app and your app will be updated to the current time. 
Params:
op – The operation to note. One of the OPSTR_* constants.
proxiedPackageName – The name of the application calling into the proxy application.
Throws:
SecurityException – If the proxy or proxied app has been configured to
crash on this op.
Returns:
Returns MODE_ALLOWED if the operation is allowed, or MODE_IGNORED if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without causing the app to crash).
@hide
/**
     * Make note of an application performing an operation on behalf of another
     * application when handling an IPC. Note that you must pass the package name
     * of the application that is being proxied while its UID will be inferred from
     * the IPC state; this function will verify that the calling uid and proxied
     * package name match, and if not, return {@link #MODE_IGNORED}. If this call
     * succeeds, the last execution time of the operation for the proxied app and
     * your app will be updated to the current time.
     * @param op The operation to note. One of the OPSTR_* constants.
     * @param proxiedPackageName The name of the application calling into the proxy application.
     * @return Returns {@link #MODE_ALLOWED} if the operation is allowed, or
     * {@link #MODE_IGNORED} if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without
     * causing the app to crash).
     * @throws SecurityException If the proxy or proxied app has been configured to
     * crash on this op.
     *
     * @hide
     */
    public int noteProxyOp(int op, String proxiedPackageName) {
        int mode = noteProxyOpNoThrow(op, proxiedPackageName);
        if (mode == MODE_ERRORED) {
            throw new SecurityException("Proxy package " + mContext.getOpPackageName()
                    + " from uid " + Process.myUid() + " or calling package "
                    + proxiedPackageName + " from uid " + Binder.getCallingUid()
                    + " not allowed to perform " + sOpNames[op]);
        }
        return mode;
    }

    
Like noteProxyOp(int, String) but instead of throwing a SecurityException it returns MODE_ERRORED. 
@hide
/**
     * Like {@link #noteProxyOp(int, String)} but instead
     * of throwing a {@link SecurityException} it returns {@link #MODE_ERRORED}.
     * @hide
     */
    public int noteProxyOpNoThrow(int op, String proxiedPackageName) {
        try {
            return mService.noteProxyOperation(op, mContext.getOpPackageName(),
                    Binder.getCallingUid(), proxiedPackageName);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
Like noteOp but instead of throwing a SecurityException it returns MODE_ERRORED. 
@hide
/**
     * Like {@link #noteOp} but instead of throwing a {@link SecurityException} it
     * returns {@link #MODE_ERRORED}.
     * @hide
     */
    public int noteOpNoThrow(int op, int uid, String packageName) {
        try {
            return mService.noteOperation(op, uid, packageName);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public int noteOp(int op) {
        return noteOp(op, Process.myUid(), mContext.getOpPackageName());
    }

    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public static IBinder getToken(IAppOpsService service) {
        synchronized (AppOpsManager.class) {
            if (sToken != null) {
                return sToken;
            }
            try {
                sToken = service.getToken(new Binder());
            } catch (RemoteException e) {
                throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
            }
            return sToken;
        }
    }

    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public int startOp(int op) {
        return startOp(op, Process.myUid(), mContext.getOpPackageName());
    }

    
Report that an application has started executing a long-running operation. Note that you must pass in both the uid and name of the application to be checked; this function will verify that these two match, and if not, return MODE_IGNORED. If this call succeeds, the last execution time of the operation for this app will be updated to the current time and the operation will be marked as "running". In this case you must later call finishOp(int, int, String) to report when the application is no longer performing the operation. 
Params:
op – The operation to start.  One of the OP_* constants.
uid – The user id of the application attempting to perform the operation.
packageName – The name of the application attempting to perform the operation.
Throws:
SecurityException – If the app has been configured to crash on this op.
Returns:
Returns MODE_ALLOWED if the operation is allowed, or MODE_IGNORED if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without causing the app to crash).
@hide
/**
     * Report that an application has started executing a long-running operation.  Note that you
     * must pass in both the uid and name of the application to be checked; this function will
     * verify that these two match, and if not, return {@link #MODE_IGNORED}.  If this call
     * succeeds, the last execution time of the operation for this app will be updated to
     * the current time and the operation will be marked as "running".  In this case you must
     * later call {@link #finishOp(int, int, String)} to report when the application is no
     * longer performing the operation.
     *
     * @param op The operation to start.  One of the OP_* constants.
     * @param uid The user id of the application attempting to perform the operation.
     * @param packageName The name of the application attempting to perform the operation.
     * @return Returns {@link #MODE_ALLOWED} if the operation is allowed, or
     * {@link #MODE_IGNORED} if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without
     * causing the app to crash).
     * @throws SecurityException If the app has been configured to crash on this op.
     * @hide
     */
    public int startOp(int op, int uid, String packageName) {
        return startOp(op, uid, packageName, false);
    }

    
Report that an application has started executing a long-running operation. Similar to startOp(String, int, String) except that if the mode is MODE_DEFAULT the operation should succeed since the caller has performed its standard permission checks which passed and would perform the protected operation for this mode. 
Params:
op – The operation to start.  One of the OP_* constants.
uid – The user id of the application attempting to perform the operation.
packageName – The name of the application attempting to perform the operation.
startIfModeDefault – Whether to start if mode is MODE_DEFAULT.
Throws:
SecurityException – If the app has been configured to crash on this op or
the package is not in the passed in UID.
Returns:
Returns MODE_ALLOWED if the operation is allowed, or MODE_IGNORED if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without causing the app to crash).
@hide
/**
     * Report that an application has started executing a long-running operation. Similar
     * to {@link #startOp(String, int, String) except that if the mode is {@link #MODE_DEFAULT}
     * the operation should succeed since the caller has performed its standard permission
     * checks which passed and would perform the protected operation for this mode.
     *
     * @param op The operation to start.  One of the OP_* constants.
     * @param uid The user id of the application attempting to perform the operation.
     * @param packageName The name of the application attempting to perform the operation.
     * @return Returns {@link #MODE_ALLOWED} if the operation is allowed, or
     * {@link #MODE_IGNORED} if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without
     * causing the app to crash).
     * @param startIfModeDefault Whether to start if mode is {@link #MODE_DEFAULT}.
     *
     * @throws SecurityException If the app has been configured to crash on this op or
     * the package is not in the passed in UID.
     *
     * @hide
     */
    public int startOp(int op, int uid, String packageName, boolean startIfModeDefault) {
        final int mode = startOpNoThrow(op, uid, packageName, startIfModeDefault);
        if (mode == MODE_ERRORED) {
            throw new SecurityException(buildSecurityExceptionMsg(op, uid, packageName));
        }
        return mode;
    }

    
Like startOp but instead of throwing a SecurityException it returns MODE_ERRORED. 
@hide
/**
     * Like {@link #startOp} but instead of throwing a {@link SecurityException} it
     * returns {@link #MODE_ERRORED}.
     * @hide
     */
    public int startOpNoThrow(int op, int uid, String packageName) {
        return startOpNoThrow(op, uid, packageName, false);
    }

    
Like startOp(int, int, String, boolean) but instead of throwing a SecurityException it returns MODE_ERRORED. 
Params:
op – The operation to start.  One of the OP_* constants.
uid – The user id of the application attempting to perform the operation.
packageName – The name of the application attempting to perform the operation.
startIfModeDefault – Whether to start if mode is MODE_DEFAULT.
Returns:
Returns MODE_ALLOWED if the operation is allowed, or MODE_IGNORED if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without causing the app to crash).
@hide
/**
     * Like {@link #startOp(int, int, String, boolean)} but instead of throwing a
     * {@link SecurityException} it returns {@link #MODE_ERRORED}.
     *
     * @param op The operation to start.  One of the OP_* constants.
     * @param uid The user id of the application attempting to perform the operation.
     * @param packageName The name of the application attempting to perform the operation.
     * @return Returns {@link #MODE_ALLOWED} if the operation is allowed, or
     * {@link #MODE_IGNORED} if it is not allowed and should be silently ignored (without
     * causing the app to crash).
     * @param startIfModeDefault Whether to start if mode is {@link #MODE_DEFAULT}.
     *
     * @hide
     */
    public int startOpNoThrow(int op, int uid, String packageName, boolean startIfModeDefault) {
        try {
            return mService.startOperation(getToken(mService), op, uid, packageName,
                    startIfModeDefault);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
Report that an application is no longer performing an operation that had previously been started with startOp(int, int, String). There is no validation of input or result; the parameters supplied here must be the exact same ones previously passed in when starting the operation. 
@hide
/**
     * Report that an application is no longer performing an operation that had previously
     * been started with {@link #startOp(int, int, String)}.  There is no validation of input
     * or result; the parameters supplied here must be the exact same ones previously passed
     * in when starting the operation.
     * @hide
     */
    public void finishOp(int op, int uid, String packageName) {
        try {
            mService.finishOperation(getToken(mService), op, uid, packageName);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
@hide
/** @hide */
    public void finishOp(int op) {
        finishOp(op, Process.myUid(), mContext.getOpPackageName());
    }

    
Checks whether the given op for a UID and package is active.
 If you don't hold the WATCH_APPOPS.WATCH_APPOPS permission you can query only for your UID. 
See Also:
startWatchingActive(int[], OnOpActiveChangedListener)
stopWatchingMode(OnOpChangedListener)
finishOp(int)
startOp(int)
@hide
/**
     * Checks whether the given op for a UID and package is active.
     *
     * <p> If you don't hold the {@link android.Manifest.permission#WATCH_APPOPS} permission
     * you can query only for your UID.
     *
     * @see #startWatchingActive(int[], OnOpActiveChangedListener)
     * @see #stopWatchingMode(OnOpChangedListener)
     * @see #finishOp(int)
     * @see #startOp(int)
     *
     * @hide */
    @TestApi
    // TODO: Uncomment below annotation once b/73559440 is fixed
    // @RequiresPermission(value=Manifest.permission.WATCH_APPOPS, conditional=true)
    public boolean isOperationActive(int code, int uid, String packageName) {
        try {
            return mService.isOperationActive(code, uid, packageName);
        } catch (RemoteException e) {
            throw e.rethrowFromSystemServer();
        }
    }

    
Returns all supported operation names.
@hide
/**
     * Returns all supported operation names.
     * @hide
     */
    @SystemApi
    @TestApi
    public static String[] getOpStrs() {
        return Arrays.copyOf(sOpToString, sOpToString.length);
    }

    
@hide
/**
     * @hide
     */
    public static long maxTime(long[] times, int start, int end) {
        long time = 0;
        for (int i = start; i < end; i++) {
            if (times[i] > time) {
                time = times[i];
            }
        }
        return time;
    }
}