/*
* Copyright (c) 1994, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
* DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
*
* This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
* under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
* published by the Free Software Foundation. Oracle designates this
* particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
* by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
*
* This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
* ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
* FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License
* version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
* accompanied this code).
*
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*
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package java.util;
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.time.LocalDate;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.lang.ref.SoftReference;
import java.time.Instant;
import sun.util.calendar.BaseCalendar;
import sun.util.calendar.CalendarDate;
import sun.util.calendar.CalendarSystem;
import sun.util.calendar.CalendarUtils;
import sun.util.calendar.Era;
import sun.util.calendar.Gregorian;
import sun.util.calendar.ZoneInfo;
The class Date
represents a specific instant
in time, with millisecond precision.
Prior to JDK 1.1, the class Date
had two additional
functions. It allowed the interpretation of dates as year, month, day, hour,
minute, and second values. It also allowed the formatting and parsing
of date strings. Unfortunately, the API for these functions was not
amenable to internationalization. As of JDK 1.1, the
Calendar
class should be used to convert between dates and time
fields and the DateFormat
class should be used to format and
parse date strings.
The corresponding methods in Date
are deprecated.
Although the Date
class is intended to reflect
coordinated universal time (UTC), it may not do so exactly,
depending on the host environment of the Java Virtual Machine.
Nearly all modern operating systems assume that 1 day =
24 × 60 × 60 = 86400 seconds
in all cases. In UTC, however, about once every year or two there
is an extra second, called a "leap second." The leap
second is always added as the last second of the day, and always
on December 31 or June 30. For example, the last minute of the
year 1995 was 61 seconds long, thanks to an added leap second.
Most computer clocks are not accurate enough to be able to reflect
the leap-second distinction.
Some computer standards are defined in terms of Greenwich mean
time (GMT), which is equivalent to universal time (UT). GMT is
the "civil" name for the standard; UT is the
"scientific" name for the same standard. The
distinction between UTC and UT is that UTC is based on an atomic
clock and UT is based on astronomical observations, which for all
practical purposes is an invisibly fine hair to split. Because the
earth's rotation is not uniform (it slows down and speeds up
in complicated ways), UT does not always flow uniformly. Leap
seconds are introduced as needed into UTC so as to keep UTC within
0.9 seconds of UT1, which is a version of UT with certain
corrections applied. There are other time and date systems as
well; for example, the time scale used by the satellite-based
global positioning system (GPS) is synchronized to UTC but is
not adjusted for leap seconds. An interesting source of
further information is the U.S. Naval Observatory, particularly
the Directorate of Time at:
http://tycho.usno.navy.mil
and their definitions of "Systems of Time" at:
http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/systime.html
In all methods of class Date
that accept or return
year, month, date, hours, minutes, and seconds values, the
following representations are used:
- A year y is represented by the integer
y
- 1900
.
- A month is represented by an integer from 0 to 11; 0 is January,
1 is February, and so forth; thus 11 is December.
- A date (day of month) is represented by an integer from 1 to 31
in the usual manner.
- An hour is represented by an integer from 0 to 23. Thus, the hour
from midnight to 1 a.m. is hour 0, and the hour from noon to 1
p.m. is hour 12.
- A minute is represented by an integer from 0 to 59 in the usual manner.
- A second is represented by an integer from 0 to 61; the values 60 and
61 occur only for leap seconds and even then only in Java
implementations that actually track leap seconds correctly. Because
of the manner in which leap seconds are currently introduced, it is
extremely unlikely that two leap seconds will occur in the same
minute, but this specification follows the date and time conventions
for ISO C.
In all cases, arguments given to methods for these purposes need
not fall within the indicated ranges; for example, a date may be
specified as January 32 and is interpreted as meaning February 1.
Author: James Gosling, Arthur van Hoff, Alan Liu See Also: Since: JDK1.0
/**
* The class <code>Date</code> represents a specific instant
* in time, with millisecond precision.
* <p>
* Prior to JDK 1.1, the class <code>Date</code> had two additional
* functions. It allowed the interpretation of dates as year, month, day, hour,
* minute, and second values. It also allowed the formatting and parsing
* of date strings. Unfortunately, the API for these functions was not
* amenable to internationalization. As of JDK 1.1, the
* <code>Calendar</code> class should be used to convert between dates and time
* fields and the <code>DateFormat</code> class should be used to format and
* parse date strings.
* The corresponding methods in <code>Date</code> are deprecated.
* <p>
* Although the <code>Date</code> class is intended to reflect
* coordinated universal time (UTC), it may not do so exactly,
* depending on the host environment of the Java Virtual Machine.
* Nearly all modern operating systems assume that 1 day =
* 24 × 60 × 60 = 86400 seconds
* in all cases. In UTC, however, about once every year or two there
* is an extra second, called a "leap second." The leap
* second is always added as the last second of the day, and always
* on December 31 or June 30. For example, the last minute of the
* year 1995 was 61 seconds long, thanks to an added leap second.
* Most computer clocks are not accurate enough to be able to reflect
* the leap-second distinction.
* <p>
* Some computer standards are defined in terms of Greenwich mean
* time (GMT), which is equivalent to universal time (UT). GMT is
* the "civil" name for the standard; UT is the
* "scientific" name for the same standard. The
* distinction between UTC and UT is that UTC is based on an atomic
* clock and UT is based on astronomical observations, which for all
* practical purposes is an invisibly fine hair to split. Because the
* earth's rotation is not uniform (it slows down and speeds up
* in complicated ways), UT does not always flow uniformly. Leap
* seconds are introduced as needed into UTC so as to keep UTC within
* 0.9 seconds of UT1, which is a version of UT with certain
* corrections applied. There are other time and date systems as
* well; for example, the time scale used by the satellite-based
* global positioning system (GPS) is synchronized to UTC but is
* <i>not</i> adjusted for leap seconds. An interesting source of
* further information is the U.S. Naval Observatory, particularly
* the Directorate of Time at:
* <blockquote><pre>
* <a href=http://tycho.usno.navy.mil>http://tycho.usno.navy.mil</a>
* </pre></blockquote>
* <p>
* and their definitions of "Systems of Time" at:
* <blockquote><pre>
* <a href=http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/systime.html>http://tycho.usno.navy.mil/systime.html</a>
* </pre></blockquote>
* <p>
* In all methods of class <code>Date</code> that accept or return
* year, month, date, hours, minutes, and seconds values, the
* following representations are used:
* <ul>
* <li>A year <i>y</i> is represented by the integer
* <i>y</i> <code>- 1900</code>.
* <li>A month is represented by an integer from 0 to 11; 0 is January,
* 1 is February, and so forth; thus 11 is December.
* <li>A date (day of month) is represented by an integer from 1 to 31
* in the usual manner.
* <li>An hour is represented by an integer from 0 to 23. Thus, the hour
* from midnight to 1 a.m. is hour 0, and the hour from noon to 1
* p.m. is hour 12.
* <li>A minute is represented by an integer from 0 to 59 in the usual manner.
* <li>A second is represented by an integer from 0 to 61; the values 60 and
* 61 occur only for leap seconds and even then only in Java
* implementations that actually track leap seconds correctly. Because
* of the manner in which leap seconds are currently introduced, it is
* extremely unlikely that two leap seconds will occur in the same
* minute, but this specification follows the date and time conventions
* for ISO C.
* </ul>
* <p>
* In all cases, arguments given to methods for these purposes need
* not fall within the indicated ranges; for example, a date may be
* specified as January 32 and is interpreted as meaning February 1.
*
* @author James Gosling
* @author Arthur van Hoff
* @author Alan Liu
* @see java.text.DateFormat
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @see java.util.TimeZone
* @since JDK1.0
*/
public class Date
implements java.io.Serializable, Cloneable, Comparable<Date>
{
private static final BaseCalendar gcal =
CalendarSystem.getGregorianCalendar();
private static BaseCalendar jcal;
private transient long fastTime;
/*
* If cdate is null, then fastTime indicates the time in millis.
* If cdate.isNormalized() is true, then fastTime and cdate are in
* synch. Otherwise, fastTime is ignored, and cdate indicates the
* time.
*/
private transient BaseCalendar.Date cdate;
// Initialized just before the value is used. See parse().
private static int defaultCenturyStart;
/* use serialVersionUID from modified java.util.Date for
* interoperability with JDK1.1. The Date was modified to write
* and read only the UTC time.
*/
private static final long serialVersionUID = 7523967970034938905L;
Allocates a Date
object and initializes it so that
it represents the time at which it was allocated, measured to the
nearest millisecond.
See Also: - currentTimeMillis.currentTimeMillis()
/**
* Allocates a <code>Date</code> object and initializes it so that
* it represents the time at which it was allocated, measured to the
* nearest millisecond.
*
* @see java.lang.System#currentTimeMillis()
*/
public Date() {
this(System.currentTimeMillis());
}
Allocates a Date
object and initializes it to
represent the specified number of milliseconds since the
standard base time known as "the epoch", namely January 1,
1970, 00:00:00 GMT.
Params: - date – the milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT.
See Also:
/**
* Allocates a <code>Date</code> object and initializes it to
* represent the specified number of milliseconds since the
* standard base time known as "the epoch", namely January 1,
* 1970, 00:00:00 GMT.
*
* @param date the milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT.
* @see java.lang.System#currentTimeMillis()
*/
public Date(long date) {
fastTime = date;
}
Allocates a Date
object and initializes it so that
it represents midnight, local time, at the beginning of the day
specified by the year
, month
, and
date
arguments.
Params: - year – the year minus 1900.
- month – the month between 0-11.
- date – the day of the month between 1-31.
See Also: Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.set(year + 1900, month, date)
or GregorianCalendar(year + 1900, month, date)
.
/**
* Allocates a <code>Date</code> object and initializes it so that
* it represents midnight, local time, at the beginning of the day
* specified by the <code>year</code>, <code>month</code>, and
* <code>date</code> arguments.
*
* @param year the year minus 1900.
* @param month the month between 0-11.
* @param date the day of the month between 1-31.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.set(year + 1900, month, date)</code>
* or <code>GregorianCalendar(year + 1900, month, date)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public Date(int year, int month, int date) {
this(year, month, date, 0, 0, 0);
}
Allocates a Date
object and initializes it so that
it represents the instant at the start of the minute specified by
the year
, month
, date
,
hrs
, and min
arguments, in the local
time zone.
Params: - year – the year minus 1900.
- month – the month between 0-11.
- date – the day of the month between 1-31.
- hrs – the hours between 0-23.
- min – the minutes between 0-59.
See Also: Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.set(year + 1900, month, date,
hrs, min)
or GregorianCalendar(year + 1900,
month, date, hrs, min)
.
/**
* Allocates a <code>Date</code> object and initializes it so that
* it represents the instant at the start of the minute specified by
* the <code>year</code>, <code>month</code>, <code>date</code>,
* <code>hrs</code>, and <code>min</code> arguments, in the local
* time zone.
*
* @param year the year minus 1900.
* @param month the month between 0-11.
* @param date the day of the month between 1-31.
* @param hrs the hours between 0-23.
* @param min the minutes between 0-59.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.set(year + 1900, month, date,
* hrs, min)</code> or <code>GregorianCalendar(year + 1900,
* month, date, hrs, min)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public Date(int year, int month, int date, int hrs, int min) {
this(year, month, date, hrs, min, 0);
}
Allocates a Date
object and initializes it so that
it represents the instant at the start of the second specified
by the year
, month
, date
,
hrs
, min
, and sec
arguments,
in the local time zone.
Params: - year – the year minus 1900.
- month – the month between 0-11.
- date – the day of the month between 1-31.
- hrs – the hours between 0-23.
- min – the minutes between 0-59.
- sec – the seconds between 0-59.
See Also: Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.set(year + 1900, month, date,
hrs, min, sec)
or GregorianCalendar(year + 1900,
month, date, hrs, min, sec)
.
/**
* Allocates a <code>Date</code> object and initializes it so that
* it represents the instant at the start of the second specified
* by the <code>year</code>, <code>month</code>, <code>date</code>,
* <code>hrs</code>, <code>min</code>, and <code>sec</code> arguments,
* in the local time zone.
*
* @param year the year minus 1900.
* @param month the month between 0-11.
* @param date the day of the month between 1-31.
* @param hrs the hours between 0-23.
* @param min the minutes between 0-59.
* @param sec the seconds between 0-59.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.set(year + 1900, month, date,
* hrs, min, sec)</code> or <code>GregorianCalendar(year + 1900,
* month, date, hrs, min, sec)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public Date(int year, int month, int date, int hrs, int min, int sec) {
int y = year + 1900;
// month is 0-based. So we have to normalize month to support Long.MAX_VALUE.
if (month >= 12) {
y += month / 12;
month %= 12;
} else if (month < 0) {
y += CalendarUtils.floorDivide(month, 12);
month = CalendarUtils.mod(month, 12);
}
BaseCalendar cal = getCalendarSystem(y);
cdate = (BaseCalendar.Date) cal.newCalendarDate(TimeZone.getDefaultRef());
cdate.setNormalizedDate(y, month + 1, date).setTimeOfDay(hrs, min, sec, 0);
getTimeImpl();
cdate = null;
}
Allocates a Date
object and initializes it so that
it represents the date and time indicated by the string
s
, which is interpreted as if by the parse
method. Params: - s – a string representation of the date.
See Also: Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by DateFormat.parse(String s)
.
/**
* Allocates a <code>Date</code> object and initializes it so that
* it represents the date and time indicated by the string
* <code>s</code>, which is interpreted as if by the
* {@link Date#parse} method.
*
* @param s a string representation of the date.
* @see java.text.DateFormat
* @see java.util.Date#parse(java.lang.String)
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>DateFormat.parse(String s)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public Date(String s) {
this(parse(s));
}
Return a copy of this object.
/**
* Return a copy of this object.
*/
public Object clone() {
Date d = null;
try {
d = (Date)super.clone();
if (cdate != null) {
d.cdate = (BaseCalendar.Date) cdate.clone();
}
} catch (CloneNotSupportedException e) {} // Won't happen
return d;
}
Determines the date and time based on the arguments. The
arguments are interpreted as a year, month, day of the month,
hour of the day, minute within the hour, and second within the
minute, exactly as for the Date constructor with six
arguments, except that the arguments are interpreted relative
to UTC rather than to the local time zone. The time indicated is
returned represented as the distance, measured in milliseconds,
of that time from the epoch (00:00:00 GMT on January 1, 1970).
Params: - year – the year minus 1900.
- month – the month between 0-11.
- date – the day of the month between 1-31.
- hrs – the hours between 0-23.
- min – the minutes between 0-59.
- sec – the seconds between 0-59.
See Also: Returns: the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT for
the date and time specified by the arguments. Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.set(year + 1900, month, date,
hrs, min, sec)
or GregorianCalendar(year + 1900,
month, date, hrs, min, sec)
, using a UTC
TimeZone
, followed by Calendar.getTime().getTime()
.
/**
* Determines the date and time based on the arguments. The
* arguments are interpreted as a year, month, day of the month,
* hour of the day, minute within the hour, and second within the
* minute, exactly as for the <tt>Date</tt> constructor with six
* arguments, except that the arguments are interpreted relative
* to UTC rather than to the local time zone. The time indicated is
* returned represented as the distance, measured in milliseconds,
* of that time from the epoch (00:00:00 GMT on January 1, 1970).
*
* @param year the year minus 1900.
* @param month the month between 0-11.
* @param date the day of the month between 1-31.
* @param hrs the hours between 0-23.
* @param min the minutes between 0-59.
* @param sec the seconds between 0-59.
* @return the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT for
* the date and time specified by the arguments.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.set(year + 1900, month, date,
* hrs, min, sec)</code> or <code>GregorianCalendar(year + 1900,
* month, date, hrs, min, sec)</code>, using a UTC
* <code>TimeZone</code>, followed by <code>Calendar.getTime().getTime()</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public static long UTC(int year, int month, int date,
int hrs, int min, int sec) {
int y = year + 1900;
// month is 0-based. So we have to normalize month to support Long.MAX_VALUE.
if (month >= 12) {
y += month / 12;
month %= 12;
} else if (month < 0) {
y += CalendarUtils.floorDivide(month, 12);
month = CalendarUtils.mod(month, 12);
}
int m = month + 1;
BaseCalendar cal = getCalendarSystem(y);
BaseCalendar.Date udate = (BaseCalendar.Date) cal.newCalendarDate(null);
udate.setNormalizedDate(y, m, date).setTimeOfDay(hrs, min, sec, 0);
// Use a Date instance to perform normalization. Its fastTime
// is the UTC value after the normalization.
Date d = new Date(0);
d.normalize(udate);
return d.fastTime;
}
Attempts to interpret the string s as a representation
of a date and time. If the attempt is successful, the time
indicated is returned represented as the distance, measured in
milliseconds, of that time from the epoch (00:00:00 GMT on
January 1, 1970). If the attempt fails, an
IllegalArgumentException is thrown.
It accepts many syntaxes; in particular, it recognizes the IETF
standard date syntax: "Sat, 12 Aug 1995 13:30:00 GMT". It also
understands the continental U.S. time-zone abbreviations, but for
general use, a time-zone offset should be used: "Sat, 12 Aug 1995
13:30:00 GMT+0430" (4 hours, 30 minutes west of the Greenwich
meridian). If no time zone is specified, the local time zone is
assumed. GMT and UTC are considered equivalent.
The string s is processed from left to right, looking for
data of interest. Any material in s that is within the
ASCII parenthesis characters ( and ) is ignored.
Parentheses may be nested. Otherwise, the only characters permitted
within s are these ASCII characters:
abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
0123456789,+-:/
and whitespace characters.
A consecutive sequence of decimal digits is treated as a decimal
number:
- If a number is preceded by + or - and a year
has already been recognized, then the number is a time-zone
offset. If the number is less than 24, it is an offset measured
in hours. Otherwise, it is regarded as an offset in minutes,
expressed in 24-hour time format without punctuation. A
preceding - means a westward offset. Time zone offsets
are always relative to UTC (Greenwich). Thus, for example,
-5 occurring in the string would mean "five hours west
of Greenwich" and +0430 would mean "four hours and
thirty minutes east of Greenwich." It is permitted for the
string to specify GMT, UT, or UTC
redundantly-for example, GMT-5 or utc+0430.
- The number is regarded as a year number if one of the
following conditions is true:
- The number is equal to or greater than 70 and followed by a
space, comma, slash, or end of string
- The number is less than 70, and both a month and a day of
the month have already been recognized
If the recognized year number is less than 100, it is interpreted as an abbreviated year relative to a century of which dates are within 80 years before and 19 years after the time when the Date class is initialized. After adjusting the year number, 1900 is subtracted from it. For example, if the current year is 1999 then years in the range 19 to 99 are assumed to mean 1919 to 1999, while years from 0 to 18 are assumed to mean 2000 to 2018. Note that this is slightly different from the interpretation of years less than 100 that is used in SimpleDateFormat
. - If the number is followed by a colon, it is regarded as an hour,
unless an hour has already been recognized, in which case it is
regarded as a minute.
- If the number is followed by a slash, it is regarded as a month
(it is decreased by 1 to produce a number in the range 0
to 11), unless a month has already been recognized, in
which case it is regarded as a day of the month.
- If the number is followed by whitespace, a comma, a hyphen, or
end of string, then if an hour has been recognized but not a
minute, it is regarded as a minute; otherwise, if a minute has
been recognized but not a second, it is regarded as a second;
otherwise, it is regarded as a day of the month.
A consecutive sequence of letters is regarded as a word and treated
as follows:
- A word that matches AM, ignoring case, is ignored (but
the parse fails if an hour has not been recognized or is less
than 1 or greater than 12).
- A word that matches PM, ignoring case, adds 12
to the hour (but the parse fails if an hour has not been
recognized or is less than 1 or greater than 12).
- Any word that matches any prefix of SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY,
WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY, or SATURDAY, ignoring
case, is ignored. For example, sat, Friday, TUE, and
Thurs are ignored.
- Otherwise, any word that matches any prefix of JANUARY,
FEBRUARY, MARCH, APRIL, MAY, JUNE, JULY, AUGUST, SEPTEMBER,
OCTOBER, NOVEMBER, or DECEMBER, ignoring case, and
considering them in the order given here, is recognized as
specifying a month and is converted to a number (0 to
11). For example, aug, Sept, april, and
NOV are recognized as months. So is Ma, which
is recognized as MARCH, not MAY.
- Any word that matches GMT, UT, or UTC, ignoring
case, is treated as referring to UTC.
- Any word that matches EST, CST, MST, or PST,
ignoring case, is recognized as referring to the time zone in
North America that is five, six, seven, or eight hours west of
Greenwich, respectively. Any word that matches EDT, CDT,
MDT, or PDT, ignoring case, is recognized as
referring to the same time zone, respectively, during daylight
saving time.
Once the entire string s has been scanned, it is converted to a time
result in one of two ways. If a time zone or time-zone offset has been
recognized, then the year, month, day of month, hour, minute, and
second are interpreted in UTC and then the time-zone offset is
applied. Otherwise, the year, month, day of month, hour, minute, and
second are interpreted in the local time zone.
Params: - s – a string to be parsed as a date.
See Also: Returns: the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT
represented by the string argument. Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by DateFormat.parse(String s)
.
/**
* Attempts to interpret the string <tt>s</tt> as a representation
* of a date and time. If the attempt is successful, the time
* indicated is returned represented as the distance, measured in
* milliseconds, of that time from the epoch (00:00:00 GMT on
* January 1, 1970). If the attempt fails, an
* <tt>IllegalArgumentException</tt> is thrown.
* <p>
* It accepts many syntaxes; in particular, it recognizes the IETF
* standard date syntax: "Sat, 12 Aug 1995 13:30:00 GMT". It also
* understands the continental U.S. time-zone abbreviations, but for
* general use, a time-zone offset should be used: "Sat, 12 Aug 1995
* 13:30:00 GMT+0430" (4 hours, 30 minutes west of the Greenwich
* meridian). If no time zone is specified, the local time zone is
* assumed. GMT and UTC are considered equivalent.
* <p>
* The string <tt>s</tt> is processed from left to right, looking for
* data of interest. Any material in <tt>s</tt> that is within the
* ASCII parenthesis characters <tt>(</tt> and <tt>)</tt> is ignored.
* Parentheses may be nested. Otherwise, the only characters permitted
* within <tt>s</tt> are these ASCII characters:
* <blockquote><pre>
* abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
* ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ
* 0123456789,+-:/</pre></blockquote>
* and whitespace characters.<p>
* A consecutive sequence of decimal digits is treated as a decimal
* number:<ul>
* <li>If a number is preceded by <tt>+</tt> or <tt>-</tt> and a year
* has already been recognized, then the number is a time-zone
* offset. If the number is less than 24, it is an offset measured
* in hours. Otherwise, it is regarded as an offset in minutes,
* expressed in 24-hour time format without punctuation. A
* preceding <tt>-</tt> means a westward offset. Time zone offsets
* are always relative to UTC (Greenwich). Thus, for example,
* <tt>-5</tt> occurring in the string would mean "five hours west
* of Greenwich" and <tt>+0430</tt> would mean "four hours and
* thirty minutes east of Greenwich." It is permitted for the
* string to specify <tt>GMT</tt>, <tt>UT</tt>, or <tt>UTC</tt>
* redundantly-for example, <tt>GMT-5</tt> or <tt>utc+0430</tt>.
* <li>The number is regarded as a year number if one of the
* following conditions is true:
* <ul>
* <li>The number is equal to or greater than 70 and followed by a
* space, comma, slash, or end of string
* <li>The number is less than 70, and both a month and a day of
* the month have already been recognized</li>
* </ul>
* If the recognized year number is less than 100, it is
* interpreted as an abbreviated year relative to a century of
* which dates are within 80 years before and 19 years after
* the time when the Date class is initialized.
* After adjusting the year number, 1900 is subtracted from
* it. For example, if the current year is 1999 then years in
* the range 19 to 99 are assumed to mean 1919 to 1999, while
* years from 0 to 18 are assumed to mean 2000 to 2018. Note
* that this is slightly different from the interpretation of
* years less than 100 that is used in {@link java.text.SimpleDateFormat}.
* <li>If the number is followed by a colon, it is regarded as an hour,
* unless an hour has already been recognized, in which case it is
* regarded as a minute.
* <li>If the number is followed by a slash, it is regarded as a month
* (it is decreased by 1 to produce a number in the range <tt>0</tt>
* to <tt>11</tt>), unless a month has already been recognized, in
* which case it is regarded as a day of the month.
* <li>If the number is followed by whitespace, a comma, a hyphen, or
* end of string, then if an hour has been recognized but not a
* minute, it is regarded as a minute; otherwise, if a minute has
* been recognized but not a second, it is regarded as a second;
* otherwise, it is regarded as a day of the month. </ul><p>
* A consecutive sequence of letters is regarded as a word and treated
* as follows:<ul>
* <li>A word that matches <tt>AM</tt>, ignoring case, is ignored (but
* the parse fails if an hour has not been recognized or is less
* than <tt>1</tt> or greater than <tt>12</tt>).
* <li>A word that matches <tt>PM</tt>, ignoring case, adds <tt>12</tt>
* to the hour (but the parse fails if an hour has not been
* recognized or is less than <tt>1</tt> or greater than <tt>12</tt>).
* <li>Any word that matches any prefix of <tt>SUNDAY, MONDAY, TUESDAY,
* WEDNESDAY, THURSDAY, FRIDAY</tt>, or <tt>SATURDAY</tt>, ignoring
* case, is ignored. For example, <tt>sat, Friday, TUE</tt>, and
* <tt>Thurs</tt> are ignored.
* <li>Otherwise, any word that matches any prefix of <tt>JANUARY,
* FEBRUARY, MARCH, APRIL, MAY, JUNE, JULY, AUGUST, SEPTEMBER,
* OCTOBER, NOVEMBER</tt>, or <tt>DECEMBER</tt>, ignoring case, and
* considering them in the order given here, is recognized as
* specifying a month and is converted to a number (<tt>0</tt> to
* <tt>11</tt>). For example, <tt>aug, Sept, april</tt>, and
* <tt>NOV</tt> are recognized as months. So is <tt>Ma</tt>, which
* is recognized as <tt>MARCH</tt>, not <tt>MAY</tt>.
* <li>Any word that matches <tt>GMT, UT</tt>, or <tt>UTC</tt>, ignoring
* case, is treated as referring to UTC.
* <li>Any word that matches <tt>EST, CST, MST</tt>, or <tt>PST</tt>,
* ignoring case, is recognized as referring to the time zone in
* North America that is five, six, seven, or eight hours west of
* Greenwich, respectively. Any word that matches <tt>EDT, CDT,
* MDT</tt>, or <tt>PDT</tt>, ignoring case, is recognized as
* referring to the same time zone, respectively, during daylight
* saving time.</ul><p>
* Once the entire string s has been scanned, it is converted to a time
* result in one of two ways. If a time zone or time-zone offset has been
* recognized, then the year, month, day of month, hour, minute, and
* second are interpreted in UTC and then the time-zone offset is
* applied. Otherwise, the year, month, day of month, hour, minute, and
* second are interpreted in the local time zone.
*
* @param s a string to be parsed as a date.
* @return the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT
* represented by the string argument.
* @see java.text.DateFormat
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>DateFormat.parse(String s)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public static long parse(String s) {
int year = Integer.MIN_VALUE;
int mon = -1;
int mday = -1;
int hour = -1;
int min = -1;
int sec = -1;
int millis = -1;
int c = -1;
int i = 0;
int n = -1;
int wst = -1;
int tzoffset = -1;
int prevc = 0;
syntax:
{
if (s == null)
break syntax;
int limit = s.length();
while (i < limit) {
c = s.charAt(i);
i++;
if (c <= ' ' || c == ',')
continue;
if (c == '(') { // skip comments
int depth = 1;
while (i < limit) {
c = s.charAt(i);
i++;
if (c == '(') depth++;
else if (c == ')')
if (--depth <= 0)
break;
}
continue;
}
if ('0' <= c && c <= '9') {
n = c - '0';
while (i < limit && '0' <= (c = s.charAt(i)) && c <= '9') {
n = n * 10 + c - '0';
i++;
}
if (prevc == '+' || prevc == '-' && year != Integer.MIN_VALUE) {
// timezone offset
if (n < 24)
n = n * 60; // EG. "GMT-3"
else
n = n % 100 + n / 100 * 60; // eg "GMT-0430"
if (prevc == '+') // plus means east of GMT
n = -n;
if (tzoffset != 0 && tzoffset != -1)
break syntax;
tzoffset = n;
} else if (n >= 70)
if (year != Integer.MIN_VALUE)
break syntax;
else if (c <= ' ' || c == ',' || c == '/' || i >= limit)
// year = n < 1900 ? n : n - 1900;
year = n;
else
break syntax;
else if (c == ':')
if (hour < 0)
hour = (byte) n;
else if (min < 0)
min = (byte) n;
else
break syntax;
else if (c == '/')
if (mon < 0)
mon = (byte) (n - 1);
else if (mday < 0)
mday = (byte) n;
else
break syntax;
else if (i < limit && c != ',' && c > ' ' && c != '-')
break syntax;
else if (hour >= 0 && min < 0)
min = (byte) n;
else if (min >= 0 && sec < 0)
sec = (byte) n;
else if (mday < 0)
mday = (byte) n;
// Handle two-digit years < 70 (70-99 handled above).
else if (year == Integer.MIN_VALUE && mon >= 0 && mday >= 0)
year = n;
else
break syntax;
prevc = 0;
} else if (c == '/' || c == ':' || c == '+' || c == '-')
prevc = c;
else {
int st = i - 1;
while (i < limit) {
c = s.charAt(i);
if (!('A' <= c && c <= 'Z' || 'a' <= c && c <= 'z'))
break;
i++;
}
if (i <= st + 1)
break syntax;
int k;
for (k = wtb.length; --k >= 0;)
if (wtb[k].regionMatches(true, 0, s, st, i - st)) {
int action = ttb[k];
if (action != 0) {
if (action == 1) { // pm
if (hour > 12 || hour < 1)
break syntax;
else if (hour < 12)
hour += 12;
} else if (action == 14) { // am
if (hour > 12 || hour < 1)
break syntax;
else if (hour == 12)
hour = 0;
} else if (action <= 13) { // month!
if (mon < 0)
mon = (byte) (action - 2);
else
break syntax;
} else {
tzoffset = action - 10000;
}
}
break;
}
if (k < 0)
break syntax;
prevc = 0;
}
}
if (year == Integer.MIN_VALUE || mon < 0 || mday < 0)
break syntax;
// Parse 2-digit years within the correct default century.
if (year < 100) {
synchronized (Date.class) {
if (defaultCenturyStart == 0) {
defaultCenturyStart = gcal.getCalendarDate().getYear() - 80;
}
}
year += (defaultCenturyStart / 100) * 100;
if (year < defaultCenturyStart) year += 100;
}
if (sec < 0)
sec = 0;
if (min < 0)
min = 0;
if (hour < 0)
hour = 0;
BaseCalendar cal = getCalendarSystem(year);
if (tzoffset == -1) { // no time zone specified, have to use local
BaseCalendar.Date ldate = (BaseCalendar.Date) cal.newCalendarDate(TimeZone.getDefaultRef());
ldate.setDate(year, mon + 1, mday);
ldate.setTimeOfDay(hour, min, sec, 0);
return cal.getTime(ldate);
}
BaseCalendar.Date udate = (BaseCalendar.Date) cal.newCalendarDate(null); // no time zone
udate.setDate(year, mon + 1, mday);
udate.setTimeOfDay(hour, min, sec, 0);
return cal.getTime(udate) + tzoffset * (60 * 1000);
}
// syntax error
throw new IllegalArgumentException();
}
private final static String wtb[] = {
"am", "pm",
"monday", "tuesday", "wednesday", "thursday", "friday",
"saturday", "sunday",
"january", "february", "march", "april", "may", "june",
"july", "august", "september", "october", "november", "december",
"gmt", "ut", "utc", "est", "edt", "cst", "cdt",
"mst", "mdt", "pst", "pdt"
};
private final static int ttb[] = {
14, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13,
10000 + 0, 10000 + 0, 10000 + 0, // GMT/UT/UTC
10000 + 5 * 60, 10000 + 4 * 60, // EST/EDT
10000 + 6 * 60, 10000 + 5 * 60, // CST/CDT
10000 + 7 * 60, 10000 + 6 * 60, // MST/MDT
10000 + 8 * 60, 10000 + 7 * 60 // PST/PDT
};
Returns a value that is the result of subtracting 1900 from the
year that contains or begins with the instant in time represented
by this Date
object, as interpreted in the local
time zone.
See Also: Returns: the year represented by this date, minus 1900. Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR) - 1900
.
/**
* Returns a value that is the result of subtracting 1900 from the
* year that contains or begins with the instant in time represented
* by this <code>Date</code> object, as interpreted in the local
* time zone.
*
* @return the year represented by this date, minus 1900.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR) - 1900</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public int getYear() {
return normalize().getYear() - 1900;
}
Sets the year of this Date object to be the specified
value plus 1900. This Date
object is modified so
that it represents a point in time within the specified year,
with the month, date, hour, minute, and second the same as
before, as interpreted in the local time zone. (Of course, if
the date was February 29, for example, and the year is set to a
non-leap year, then the new date will be treated as if it were
on March 1.)
Params: - year – the year value.
See Also: Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.set(Calendar.YEAR, year + 1900)
.
/**
* Sets the year of this <tt>Date</tt> object to be the specified
* value plus 1900. This <code>Date</code> object is modified so
* that it represents a point in time within the specified year,
* with the month, date, hour, minute, and second the same as
* before, as interpreted in the local time zone. (Of course, if
* the date was February 29, for example, and the year is set to a
* non-leap year, then the new date will be treated as if it were
* on March 1.)
*
* @param year the year value.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.set(Calendar.YEAR, year + 1900)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public void setYear(int year) {
getCalendarDate().setNormalizedYear(year + 1900);
}
Returns a number representing the month that contains or begins
with the instant in time represented by this Date object.
The value returned is between 0
and 11
,
with the value 0
representing January.
See Also: Returns: the month represented by this date. Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH)
.
/**
* Returns a number representing the month that contains or begins
* with the instant in time represented by this <tt>Date</tt> object.
* The value returned is between <code>0</code> and <code>11</code>,
* with the value <code>0</code> representing January.
*
* @return the month represented by this date.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public int getMonth() {
return normalize().getMonth() - 1; // adjust 1-based to 0-based
}
Sets the month of this date to the specified value. This
Date object is modified so that it represents a point
in time within the specified month, with the year, date, hour,
minute, and second the same as before, as interpreted in the
local time zone. If the date was October 31, for example, and
the month is set to June, then the new date will be treated as
if it were on July 1, because June has only 30 days.
Params: - month – the month value between 0-11.
See Also: Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.set(Calendar.MONTH, int month)
.
/**
* Sets the month of this date to the specified value. This
* <tt>Date</tt> object is modified so that it represents a point
* in time within the specified month, with the year, date, hour,
* minute, and second the same as before, as interpreted in the
* local time zone. If the date was October 31, for example, and
* the month is set to June, then the new date will be treated as
* if it were on July 1, because June has only 30 days.
*
* @param month the month value between 0-11.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.set(Calendar.MONTH, int month)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public void setMonth(int month) {
int y = 0;
if (month >= 12) {
y = month / 12;
month %= 12;
} else if (month < 0) {
y = CalendarUtils.floorDivide(month, 12);
month = CalendarUtils.mod(month, 12);
}
BaseCalendar.Date d = getCalendarDate();
if (y != 0) {
d.setNormalizedYear(d.getNormalizedYear() + y);
}
d.setMonth(month + 1); // adjust 0-based to 1-based month numbering
}
Returns the day of the month represented by this Date object.
The value returned is between 1
and 31
representing the day of the month that contains or begins with the
instant in time represented by this Date object, as
interpreted in the local time zone.
See Also: Returns: the day of the month represented by this date. Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH)
. Deprecated:
/**
* Returns the day of the month represented by this <tt>Date</tt> object.
* The value returned is between <code>1</code> and <code>31</code>
* representing the day of the month that contains or begins with the
* instant in time represented by this <tt>Date</tt> object, as
* interpreted in the local time zone.
*
* @return the day of the month represented by this date.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH)</code>.
* @deprecated
*/
@Deprecated
public int getDate() {
return normalize().getDayOfMonth();
}
Sets the day of the month of this Date object to the
specified value. This Date object is modified so that
it represents a point in time within the specified day of the
month, with the year, month, hour, minute, and second the same
as before, as interpreted in the local time zone. If the date
was April 30, for example, and the date is set to 31, then it
will be treated as if it were on May 1, because April has only
30 days.
Params: - date – the day of the month value between 1-31.
See Also: Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, int date)
.
/**
* Sets the day of the month of this <tt>Date</tt> object to the
* specified value. This <tt>Date</tt> object is modified so that
* it represents a point in time within the specified day of the
* month, with the year, month, hour, minute, and second the same
* as before, as interpreted in the local time zone. If the date
* was April 30, for example, and the date is set to 31, then it
* will be treated as if it were on May 1, because April has only
* 30 days.
*
* @param date the day of the month value between 1-31.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.set(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH, int date)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public void setDate(int date) {
getCalendarDate().setDayOfMonth(date);
}
Returns the day of the week represented by this date. The
returned value (0 = Sunday, 1 = Monday,
2 = Tuesday, 3 = Wednesday, 4 =
Thursday, 5 = Friday, 6 = Saturday)
represents the day of the week that contains or begins with
the instant in time represented by this Date object,
as interpreted in the local time zone.
See Also: Returns: the day of the week represented by this date. Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK)
.
/**
* Returns the day of the week represented by this date. The
* returned value (<tt>0</tt> = Sunday, <tt>1</tt> = Monday,
* <tt>2</tt> = Tuesday, <tt>3</tt> = Wednesday, <tt>4</tt> =
* Thursday, <tt>5</tt> = Friday, <tt>6</tt> = Saturday)
* represents the day of the week that contains or begins with
* the instant in time represented by this <tt>Date</tt> object,
* as interpreted in the local time zone.
*
* @return the day of the week represented by this date.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_WEEK)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public int getDay() {
return normalize().getDayOfWeek() - BaseCalendar.SUNDAY;
}
Returns the hour represented by this Date object. The
returned value is a number (0 through 23)
representing the hour within the day that contains or begins
with the instant in time represented by this Date
object, as interpreted in the local time zone.
See Also: Returns: the hour represented by this date. Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY)
.
/**
* Returns the hour represented by this <tt>Date</tt> object. The
* returned value is a number (<tt>0</tt> through <tt>23</tt>)
* representing the hour within the day that contains or begins
* with the instant in time represented by this <tt>Date</tt>
* object, as interpreted in the local time zone.
*
* @return the hour represented by this date.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.get(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public int getHours() {
return normalize().getHours();
}
Sets the hour of this Date object to the specified value.
This Date object is modified so that it represents a point
in time within the specified hour of the day, with the year, month,
date, minute, and second the same as before, as interpreted in the
local time zone.
Params: - hours – the hour value.
See Also: Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, int hours)
.
/**
* Sets the hour of this <tt>Date</tt> object to the specified value.
* This <tt>Date</tt> object is modified so that it represents a point
* in time within the specified hour of the day, with the year, month,
* date, minute, and second the same as before, as interpreted in the
* local time zone.
*
* @param hours the hour value.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.set(Calendar.HOUR_OF_DAY, int hours)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public void setHours(int hours) {
getCalendarDate().setHours(hours);
}
Returns the number of minutes past the hour represented by this date,
as interpreted in the local time zone.
The value returned is between 0
and 59
.
See Also: Returns: the number of minutes past the hour represented by this date. Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE)
.
/**
* Returns the number of minutes past the hour represented by this date,
* as interpreted in the local time zone.
* The value returned is between <code>0</code> and <code>59</code>.
*
* @return the number of minutes past the hour represented by this date.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.get(Calendar.MINUTE)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public int getMinutes() {
return normalize().getMinutes();
}
Sets the minutes of this Date object to the specified value.
This Date object is modified so that it represents a point
in time within the specified minute of the hour, with the year, month,
date, hour, and second the same as before, as interpreted in the
local time zone.
Params: - minutes – the value of the minutes.
See Also: Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.set(Calendar.MINUTE, int minutes)
.
/**
* Sets the minutes of this <tt>Date</tt> object to the specified value.
* This <tt>Date</tt> object is modified so that it represents a point
* in time within the specified minute of the hour, with the year, month,
* date, hour, and second the same as before, as interpreted in the
* local time zone.
*
* @param minutes the value of the minutes.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.set(Calendar.MINUTE, int minutes)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public void setMinutes(int minutes) {
getCalendarDate().setMinutes(minutes);
}
Returns the number of seconds past the minute represented by this date.
The value returned is between 0
and 61
. The
values 60
and 61
can only occur on those
Java Virtual Machines that take leap seconds into account.
See Also: Returns: the number of seconds past the minute represented by this date. Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND)
.
/**
* Returns the number of seconds past the minute represented by this date.
* The value returned is between <code>0</code> and <code>61</code>. The
* values <code>60</code> and <code>61</code> can only occur on those
* Java Virtual Machines that take leap seconds into account.
*
* @return the number of seconds past the minute represented by this date.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.get(Calendar.SECOND)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public int getSeconds() {
return normalize().getSeconds();
}
Sets the seconds of this Date to the specified value.
This Date object is modified so that it represents a
point in time within the specified second of the minute, with
the year, month, date, hour, and minute the same as before, as
interpreted in the local time zone.
Params: - seconds – the seconds value.
See Also: Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by Calendar.set(Calendar.SECOND, int seconds)
.
/**
* Sets the seconds of this <tt>Date</tt> to the specified value.
* This <tt>Date</tt> object is modified so that it represents a
* point in time within the specified second of the minute, with
* the year, month, date, hour, and minute the same as before, as
* interpreted in the local time zone.
*
* @param seconds the seconds value.
* @see java.util.Calendar
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>Calendar.set(Calendar.SECOND, int seconds)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public void setSeconds(int seconds) {
getCalendarDate().setSeconds(seconds);
}
Returns the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT
represented by this Date object.
Returns: the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT
represented by this date.
/**
* Returns the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT
* represented by this <tt>Date</tt> object.
*
* @return the number of milliseconds since January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT
* represented by this date.
*/
public long getTime() {
return getTimeImpl();
}
private final long getTimeImpl() {
if (cdate != null && !cdate.isNormalized()) {
normalize();
}
return fastTime;
}
Sets this Date
object to represent a point in time that is
time
milliseconds after January 1, 1970 00:00:00 GMT.
Params: - time – the number of milliseconds.
/**
* Sets this <code>Date</code> object to represent a point in time that is
* <code>time</code> milliseconds after January 1, 1970 00:00:00 GMT.
*
* @param time the number of milliseconds.
*/
public void setTime(long time) {
fastTime = time;
cdate = null;
}
Tests if this date is before the specified date.
Params: - when – a date.
Throws: - NullPointerException – if
when
is null.
Returns: true
if and only if the instant of time
represented by this Date object is strictly
earlier than the instant represented by when;
false
otherwise.
/**
* Tests if this date is before the specified date.
*
* @param when a date.
* @return <code>true</code> if and only if the instant of time
* represented by this <tt>Date</tt> object is strictly
* earlier than the instant represented by <tt>when</tt>;
* <code>false</code> otherwise.
* @exception NullPointerException if <code>when</code> is null.
*/
public boolean before(Date when) {
return getMillisOf(this) < getMillisOf(when);
}
Tests if this date is after the specified date.
Params: - when – a date.
Throws: - NullPointerException – if
when
is null.
Returns: true
if and only if the instant represented
by this Date object is strictly later than the
instant represented by when;
false
otherwise.
/**
* Tests if this date is after the specified date.
*
* @param when a date.
* @return <code>true</code> if and only if the instant represented
* by this <tt>Date</tt> object is strictly later than the
* instant represented by <tt>when</tt>;
* <code>false</code> otherwise.
* @exception NullPointerException if <code>when</code> is null.
*/
public boolean after(Date when) {
return getMillisOf(this) > getMillisOf(when);
}
Compares two dates for equality.
The result is true
if and only if the argument is
not null
and is a Date
object that
represents the same point in time, to the millisecond, as this object.
Thus, two Date
objects are equal if and only if the
getTime
method returns the same long
value for both.
Params: - obj – the object to compare with.
See Also: Returns: true
if the objects are the same;
false
otherwise.
/**
* Compares two dates for equality.
* The result is <code>true</code> if and only if the argument is
* not <code>null</code> and is a <code>Date</code> object that
* represents the same point in time, to the millisecond, as this object.
* <p>
* Thus, two <code>Date</code> objects are equal if and only if the
* <code>getTime</code> method returns the same <code>long</code>
* value for both.
*
* @param obj the object to compare with.
* @return <code>true</code> if the objects are the same;
* <code>false</code> otherwise.
* @see java.util.Date#getTime()
*/
public boolean equals(Object obj) {
return obj instanceof Date && getTime() == ((Date) obj).getTime();
}
Returns the millisecond value of this Date
object
without affecting its internal state.
/**
* Returns the millisecond value of this <code>Date</code> object
* without affecting its internal state.
*/
static final long getMillisOf(Date date) {
if (date.cdate == null || date.cdate.isNormalized()) {
return date.fastTime;
}
BaseCalendar.Date d = (BaseCalendar.Date) date.cdate.clone();
return gcal.getTime(d);
}
Compares two Dates for ordering.
Params: - anotherDate – the
Date
to be compared.
Throws: - NullPointerException – if
anotherDate
is null.
Returns: the value 0
if the argument Date is equal to
this Date; a value less than 0
if this Date
is before the Date argument; and a value greater than
0
if this Date is after the Date argument. Since: 1.2
/**
* Compares two Dates for ordering.
*
* @param anotherDate the <code>Date</code> to be compared.
* @return the value <code>0</code> if the argument Date is equal to
* this Date; a value less than <code>0</code> if this Date
* is before the Date argument; and a value greater than
* <code>0</code> if this Date is after the Date argument.
* @since 1.2
* @exception NullPointerException if <code>anotherDate</code> is null.
*/
public int compareTo(Date anotherDate) {
long thisTime = getMillisOf(this);
long anotherTime = getMillisOf(anotherDate);
return (thisTime<anotherTime ? -1 : (thisTime==anotherTime ? 0 : 1));
}
Returns a hash code value for this object. The result is the
exclusive OR of the two halves of the primitive long value returned by the getTime
method. That is, the hash code is the value of the expression:
(int)(this.getTime()^(this.getTime() >>> 32))
Returns: a hash code value for this object.
/**
* Returns a hash code value for this object. The result is the
* exclusive OR of the two halves of the primitive <tt>long</tt>
* value returned by the {@link Date#getTime}
* method. That is, the hash code is the value of the expression:
* <blockquote><pre>{@code
* (int)(this.getTime()^(this.getTime() >>> 32))
* }</pre></blockquote>
*
* @return a hash code value for this object.
*/
public int hashCode() {
long ht = this.getTime();
return (int) ht ^ (int) (ht >> 32);
}
Converts this Date
object to a String
of the form:
dow mon dd hh:mm:ss zzz yyyy
where:
- dow is the day of the week (Sun, Mon, Tue, Wed,
Thu, Fri, Sat).
- mon is the month (Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun,
Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec).
- dd is the day of the month (01 through
31), as two decimal digits.
- hh is the hour of the day (00 through
23), as two decimal digits.
- mm is the minute within the hour (00 through
59), as two decimal digits.
- ss is the second within the minute (00 through
61, as two decimal digits.
- zzz is the time zone (and may reflect daylight saving
time). Standard time zone abbreviations include those
recognized by the method parse. If time zone
information is not available, then zzz is empty -
that is, it consists of no characters at all.
- yyyy is the year, as four decimal digits.
See Also: Returns: a string representation of this date.
/**
* Converts this <code>Date</code> object to a <code>String</code>
* of the form:
* <blockquote><pre>
* dow mon dd hh:mm:ss zzz yyyy</pre></blockquote>
* where:<ul>
* <li><tt>dow</tt> is the day of the week (<tt>Sun, Mon, Tue, Wed,
* Thu, Fri, Sat</tt>).
* <li><tt>mon</tt> is the month (<tt>Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun,
* Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec</tt>).
* <li><tt>dd</tt> is the day of the month (<tt>01</tt> through
* <tt>31</tt>), as two decimal digits.
* <li><tt>hh</tt> is the hour of the day (<tt>00</tt> through
* <tt>23</tt>), as two decimal digits.
* <li><tt>mm</tt> is the minute within the hour (<tt>00</tt> through
* <tt>59</tt>), as two decimal digits.
* <li><tt>ss</tt> is the second within the minute (<tt>00</tt> through
* <tt>61</tt>, as two decimal digits.
* <li><tt>zzz</tt> is the time zone (and may reflect daylight saving
* time). Standard time zone abbreviations include those
* recognized by the method <tt>parse</tt>. If time zone
* information is not available, then <tt>zzz</tt> is empty -
* that is, it consists of no characters at all.
* <li><tt>yyyy</tt> is the year, as four decimal digits.
* </ul>
*
* @return a string representation of this date.
* @see java.util.Date#toLocaleString()
* @see java.util.Date#toGMTString()
*/
public String toString() {
// "EEE MMM dd HH:mm:ss zzz yyyy";
BaseCalendar.Date date = normalize();
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(28);
int index = date.getDayOfWeek();
if (index == BaseCalendar.SUNDAY) {
index = 8;
}
convertToAbbr(sb, wtb[index]).append(' '); // EEE
convertToAbbr(sb, wtb[date.getMonth() - 1 + 2 + 7]).append(' '); // MMM
CalendarUtils.sprintf0d(sb, date.getDayOfMonth(), 2).append(' '); // dd
CalendarUtils.sprintf0d(sb, date.getHours(), 2).append(':'); // HH
CalendarUtils.sprintf0d(sb, date.getMinutes(), 2).append(':'); // mm
CalendarUtils.sprintf0d(sb, date.getSeconds(), 2).append(' '); // ss
TimeZone zi = date.getZone();
if (zi != null) {
sb.append(zi.getDisplayName(date.isDaylightTime(), TimeZone.SHORT, Locale.US)); // zzz
} else {
sb.append("GMT");
}
sb.append(' ').append(date.getYear()); // yyyy
return sb.toString();
}
Converts the given name to its 3-letter abbreviation (e.g.,
"monday" -> "Mon") and stored the abbreviation in the given
StringBuilder
.
/**
* Converts the given name to its 3-letter abbreviation (e.g.,
* "monday" -> "Mon") and stored the abbreviation in the given
* <code>StringBuilder</code>.
*/
private static final StringBuilder convertToAbbr(StringBuilder sb, String name) {
sb.append(Character.toUpperCase(name.charAt(0)));
sb.append(name.charAt(1)).append(name.charAt(2));
return sb;
}
Creates a string representation of this Date object in an
implementation-dependent form. The intent is that the form should
be familiar to the user of the Java application, wherever it may
happen to be running. The intent is comparable to that of the
"%c
" format supported by the strftime()
function of ISO C.
See Also: Returns: a string representation of this date, using the locale
conventions. Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by DateFormat.format(Date date)
.
/**
* Creates a string representation of this <tt>Date</tt> object in an
* implementation-dependent form. The intent is that the form should
* be familiar to the user of the Java application, wherever it may
* happen to be running. The intent is comparable to that of the
* "<code>%c</code>" format supported by the <code>strftime()</code>
* function of ISO C.
*
* @return a string representation of this date, using the locale
* conventions.
* @see java.text.DateFormat
* @see java.util.Date#toString()
* @see java.util.Date#toGMTString()
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>DateFormat.format(Date date)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public String toLocaleString() {
DateFormat formatter = DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance();
return formatter.format(this);
}
Creates a string representation of this Date object of
the form:
d mon yyyy hh:mm:ss GMT
where:
- d is the day of the month (1 through 31),
as one or two decimal digits.
- mon is the month (Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul,
Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec).
- yyyy is the year, as four decimal digits.
- hh is the hour of the day (00 through 23),
as two decimal digits.
- mm is the minute within the hour (00 through
59), as two decimal digits.
- ss is the second within the minute (00 through
61), as two decimal digits.
- GMT is exactly the ASCII letters "GMT" to indicate
Greenwich Mean Time.
The result does not depend on the local time zone.
See Also: Returns: a string representation of this date, using the Internet GMT
conventions. Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by DateFormat.format(Date date)
, using a
GMT TimeZone
.
/**
* Creates a string representation of this <tt>Date</tt> object of
* the form:
* <blockquote><pre>
* d mon yyyy hh:mm:ss GMT</pre></blockquote>
* where:<ul>
* <li><i>d</i> is the day of the month (<tt>1</tt> through <tt>31</tt>),
* as one or two decimal digits.
* <li><i>mon</i> is the month (<tt>Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul,
* Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec</tt>).
* <li><i>yyyy</i> is the year, as four decimal digits.
* <li><i>hh</i> is the hour of the day (<tt>00</tt> through <tt>23</tt>),
* as two decimal digits.
* <li><i>mm</i> is the minute within the hour (<tt>00</tt> through
* <tt>59</tt>), as two decimal digits.
* <li><i>ss</i> is the second within the minute (<tt>00</tt> through
* <tt>61</tt>), as two decimal digits.
* <li><i>GMT</i> is exactly the ASCII letters "<tt>GMT</tt>" to indicate
* Greenwich Mean Time.
* </ul><p>
* The result does not depend on the local time zone.
*
* @return a string representation of this date, using the Internet GMT
* conventions.
* @see java.text.DateFormat
* @see java.util.Date#toString()
* @see java.util.Date#toLocaleString()
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>DateFormat.format(Date date)</code>, using a
* GMT <code>TimeZone</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public String toGMTString() {
// d MMM yyyy HH:mm:ss 'GMT'
long t = getTime();
BaseCalendar cal = getCalendarSystem(t);
BaseCalendar.Date date =
(BaseCalendar.Date) cal.getCalendarDate(getTime(), (TimeZone)null);
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(32);
CalendarUtils.sprintf0d(sb, date.getDayOfMonth(), 1).append(' '); // d
convertToAbbr(sb, wtb[date.getMonth() - 1 + 2 + 7]).append(' '); // MMM
sb.append(date.getYear()).append(' '); // yyyy
CalendarUtils.sprintf0d(sb, date.getHours(), 2).append(':'); // HH
CalendarUtils.sprintf0d(sb, date.getMinutes(), 2).append(':'); // mm
CalendarUtils.sprintf0d(sb, date.getSeconds(), 2); // ss
sb.append(" GMT"); // ' GMT'
return sb.toString();
}
Returns the offset, measured in minutes, for the local time zone
relative to UTC that is appropriate for the time represented by
this Date
object.
For example, in Massachusetts, five time zones west of Greenwich:
new Date(96, 1, 14).getTimezoneOffset() returns 300
because on February 14, 1996, standard time (Eastern Standard Time)
is in use, which is offset five hours from UTC; but:
new Date(96, 5, 1).getTimezoneOffset() returns 240
because on June 1, 1996, daylight saving time (Eastern Daylight Time)
is in use, which is offset only four hours from UTC.
This method produces the same result as if it computed:
(this.getTime() - UTC(this.getYear(),
this.getMonth(),
this.getDate(),
this.getHours(),
this.getMinutes(),
this.getSeconds())) / (60 * 1000)
See Also: Returns: the time-zone offset, in minutes, for the current time zone. Deprecated: As of JDK version 1.1,
replaced by -(Calendar.get(Calendar.ZONE_OFFSET) +
Calendar.get(Calendar.DST_OFFSET)) / (60 * 1000)
.
/**
* Returns the offset, measured in minutes, for the local time zone
* relative to UTC that is appropriate for the time represented by
* this <code>Date</code> object.
* <p>
* For example, in Massachusetts, five time zones west of Greenwich:
* <blockquote><pre>
* new Date(96, 1, 14).getTimezoneOffset() returns 300</pre></blockquote>
* because on February 14, 1996, standard time (Eastern Standard Time)
* is in use, which is offset five hours from UTC; but:
* <blockquote><pre>
* new Date(96, 5, 1).getTimezoneOffset() returns 240</pre></blockquote>
* because on June 1, 1996, daylight saving time (Eastern Daylight Time)
* is in use, which is offset only four hours from UTC.<p>
* This method produces the same result as if it computed:
* <blockquote><pre>
* (this.getTime() - UTC(this.getYear(),
* this.getMonth(),
* this.getDate(),
* this.getHours(),
* this.getMinutes(),
* this.getSeconds())) / (60 * 1000)
* </pre></blockquote>
*
* @return the time-zone offset, in minutes, for the current time zone.
* @see java.util.Calendar#ZONE_OFFSET
* @see java.util.Calendar#DST_OFFSET
* @see java.util.TimeZone#getDefault
* @deprecated As of JDK version 1.1,
* replaced by <code>-(Calendar.get(Calendar.ZONE_OFFSET) +
* Calendar.get(Calendar.DST_OFFSET)) / (60 * 1000)</code>.
*/
@Deprecated
public int getTimezoneOffset() {
int zoneOffset;
if (cdate == null) {
TimeZone tz = TimeZone.getDefaultRef();
if (tz instanceof ZoneInfo) {
zoneOffset = ((ZoneInfo)tz).getOffsets(fastTime, null);
} else {
zoneOffset = tz.getOffset(fastTime);
}
} else {
normalize();
zoneOffset = cdate.getZoneOffset();
}
return -zoneOffset/60000; // convert to minutes
}
private final BaseCalendar.Date getCalendarDate() {
if (cdate == null) {
BaseCalendar cal = getCalendarSystem(fastTime);
cdate = (BaseCalendar.Date) cal.getCalendarDate(fastTime,
TimeZone.getDefaultRef());
}
return cdate;
}
private final BaseCalendar.Date normalize() {
if (cdate == null) {
BaseCalendar cal = getCalendarSystem(fastTime);
cdate = (BaseCalendar.Date) cal.getCalendarDate(fastTime,
TimeZone.getDefaultRef());
return cdate;
}
// Normalize cdate with the TimeZone in cdate first. This is
// required for the compatible behavior.
if (!cdate.isNormalized()) {
cdate = normalize(cdate);
}
// If the default TimeZone has changed, then recalculate the
// fields with the new TimeZone.
TimeZone tz = TimeZone.getDefaultRef();
if (tz != cdate.getZone()) {
cdate.setZone(tz);
CalendarSystem cal = getCalendarSystem(cdate);
cal.getCalendarDate(fastTime, cdate);
}
return cdate;
}
// fastTime and the returned data are in sync upon return.
private final BaseCalendar.Date normalize(BaseCalendar.Date date) {
int y = date.getNormalizedYear();
int m = date.getMonth();
int d = date.getDayOfMonth();
int hh = date.getHours();
int mm = date.getMinutes();
int ss = date.getSeconds();
int ms = date.getMillis();
TimeZone tz = date.getZone();
// If the specified year can't be handled using a long value
// in milliseconds, GregorianCalendar is used for full
// compatibility with underflow and overflow. This is required
// by some JCK tests. The limits are based max year values -
// years that can be represented by max values of d, hh, mm,
// ss and ms. Also, let GregorianCalendar handle the default
// cutover year so that we don't need to worry about the
// transition here.
if (y == 1582 || y > 280000000 || y < -280000000) {
if (tz == null) {
tz = TimeZone.getTimeZone("GMT");
}
GregorianCalendar gc = new GregorianCalendar(tz);
gc.clear();
gc.set(GregorianCalendar.MILLISECOND, ms);
gc.set(y, m-1, d, hh, mm, ss);
fastTime = gc.getTimeInMillis();
BaseCalendar cal = getCalendarSystem(fastTime);
date = (BaseCalendar.Date) cal.getCalendarDate(fastTime, tz);
return date;
}
BaseCalendar cal = getCalendarSystem(y);
if (cal != getCalendarSystem(date)) {
date = (BaseCalendar.Date) cal.newCalendarDate(tz);
date.setNormalizedDate(y, m, d).setTimeOfDay(hh, mm, ss, ms);
}
// Perform the GregorianCalendar-style normalization.
fastTime = cal.getTime(date);
// In case the normalized date requires the other calendar
// system, we need to recalculate it using the other one.
BaseCalendar ncal = getCalendarSystem(fastTime);
if (ncal != cal) {
date = (BaseCalendar.Date) ncal.newCalendarDate(tz);
date.setNormalizedDate(y, m, d).setTimeOfDay(hh, mm, ss, ms);
fastTime = ncal.getTime(date);
}
return date;
}
Returns the Gregorian or Julian calendar system to use with the
given date. Use Gregorian from October 15, 1582.
Params: - year – normalized calendar year (not -1900)
Returns: the CalendarSystem to use for the specified date
/**
* Returns the Gregorian or Julian calendar system to use with the
* given date. Use Gregorian from October 15, 1582.
*
* @param year normalized calendar year (not -1900)
* @return the CalendarSystem to use for the specified date
*/
private static final BaseCalendar getCalendarSystem(int year) {
if (year >= 1582) {
return gcal;
}
return getJulianCalendar();
}
private static final BaseCalendar getCalendarSystem(long utc) {
// Quickly check if the time stamp given by `utc' is the Epoch
// or later. If it's before 1970, we convert the cutover to
// local time to compare.
if (utc >= 0
|| utc >= GregorianCalendar.DEFAULT_GREGORIAN_CUTOVER
- TimeZone.getDefaultRef().getOffset(utc)) {
return gcal;
}
return getJulianCalendar();
}
private static final BaseCalendar getCalendarSystem(BaseCalendar.Date cdate) {
if (jcal == null) {
return gcal;
}
if (cdate.getEra() != null) {
return jcal;
}
return gcal;
}
synchronized private static final BaseCalendar getJulianCalendar() {
if (jcal == null) {
jcal = (BaseCalendar) CalendarSystem.forName("julian");
}
return jcal;
}
Save the state of this object to a stream (i.e., serialize it).
@serialData The value returned by getTime()
is emitted (long). This represents the offset from
January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT in milliseconds.
/**
* Save the state of this object to a stream (i.e., serialize it).
*
* @serialData The value returned by <code>getTime()</code>
* is emitted (long). This represents the offset from
* January 1, 1970, 00:00:00 GMT in milliseconds.
*/
private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream s)
throws IOException
{
s.writeLong(getTimeImpl());
}
Reconstitute this object from a stream (i.e., deserialize it).
/**
* Reconstitute this object from a stream (i.e., deserialize it).
*/
private void readObject(ObjectInputStream s)
throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException
{
fastTime = s.readLong();
}
Obtains an instance of Date
from an Instant
object. Instant
uses a precision of nanoseconds, whereas Date
uses a precision of milliseconds. The conversion will trancate any excess precision information as though the amount in nanoseconds was subject to integer division by one million.
Instant
can store points on the time-line further in the future and further in the past than Date
. In this scenario, this method will throw an exception.
Params: - instant – the instant to convert
Throws: - NullPointerException – if
instant
is null. - IllegalArgumentException – if the instant is too large to represent as a
Date
Returns: a Date
representing the same point on the time-line as the provided instant Since: 1.8
/**
* Obtains an instance of {@code Date} from an {@code Instant} object.
* <p>
* {@code Instant} uses a precision of nanoseconds, whereas {@code Date}
* uses a precision of milliseconds. The conversion will trancate any
* excess precision information as though the amount in nanoseconds was
* subject to integer division by one million.
* <p>
* {@code Instant} can store points on the time-line further in the future
* and further in the past than {@code Date}. In this scenario, this method
* will throw an exception.
*
* @param instant the instant to convert
* @return a {@code Date} representing the same point on the time-line as
* the provided instant
* @exception NullPointerException if {@code instant} is null.
* @exception IllegalArgumentException if the instant is too large to
* represent as a {@code Date}
* @since 1.8
*/
public static Date from(Instant instant) {
try {
return new Date(instant.toEpochMilli());
} catch (ArithmeticException ex) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException(ex);
}
}
Converts this Date
object to an Instant
. The conversion creates an Instant
that represents the same point on the time-line as this Date
.
Returns: an instant representing the same point on the time-line as this Date
object Since: 1.8
/**
* Converts this {@code Date} object to an {@code Instant}.
* <p>
* The conversion creates an {@code Instant} that represents the same
* point on the time-line as this {@code Date}.
*
* @return an instant representing the same point on the time-line as
* this {@code Date} object
* @since 1.8
*/
public Instant toInstant() {
return Instant.ofEpochMilli(getTime());
}
}