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package javax.sql.rowset.spi;

import javax.sql.RowSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;

Defines a framework that allows applications to use a manual decision tree to decide what should be done when a synchronization conflict occurs. Although it is not mandatory for applications to resolve synchronization conflicts manually, this framework provides the means to delegate to the application when conflicts arise.

Note that a conflict is a situation where the RowSet object's original values for a row do not match the values in the data source, which indicates that the data source row has been modified since the last synchronization. Note also that a RowSet object's original values are the values it had just prior to the the last synchronization, which are not necessarily its initial values.

Description of a SyncResolver Object

A SyncResolver object is a specialized RowSet object that implements the SyncResolver interface. It may operate as either a connected RowSet object (an implementation of the JdbcRowSet interface) or a connected RowSet object (an implementation of the CachedRowSet interface or one of its subinterfaces). For information on the subinterfaces, see the javax.sql.rowset package description. The reference implementation for SyncResolver implements the CachedRowSet interface, but other implementations may choose to implement the JdbcRowSet interface to satisfy particular needs.

After an application has attempted to synchronize a RowSet object with the data source (by calling the CachedRowSet method acceptChanges), and one or more conflicts have been found, a rowset's SyncProvider object creates an instance of SyncResolver. This new SyncResolver object has the same number of rows and columns as the RowSet object that was attempting the synchronization. The SyncResolver object contains the values from the data source that caused the conflict(s) and null for all other values. In addition, it contains information about each conflict.

Getting and Using a SyncResolver Object

When the method acceptChanges encounters conflicts, the SyncProvider object creates a SyncProviderException object and sets it with the new SyncResolver object. The method acceptChanges will throw this exception, which the application can then catch and use to retrieve the SyncResolver object it contains. The following code snippet uses the SyncProviderException method getSyncResolver to get the SyncResolver object resolver.

     catch (SyncProviderException spe) { SyncResolver resolver = spe.getSyncResolver(); ... } } 

With resolver in hand, an application can use it to get the information it contains about the conflict or conflicts. A SyncResolver object such as resolver keeps track of the conflicts for each row in which there is a conflict. It also places a lock on the table or tables affected by the rowset's command so that no more conflicts can occur while the current conflicts are being resolved.

The following kinds of information can be obtained from a SyncResolver object:

What operation was being attempted when a conflict occurred

The SyncProvider interface defines four constants describing states that may occur. Three constants describe the type of operation (update, delete, or insert) that a RowSet object was attempting to perform when a conflict was discovered, and the fourth indicates that there is no conflict. These constants are the possible return values when a SyncResolver object calls the method getStatus.
 int operation = resolver.getStatus();  

The value in the data source that caused a conflict

A conflict exists when a value that a RowSet object has changed and is attempting to write to the data source has also been changed in the data source since the last synchronization. An application can call the SyncResolver method getConflictValue to retrieve the value in the data source that is the cause of the conflict because the values in a SyncResolver object are the conflict values from the data source.
    java.lang.Object conflictValue = resolver.getConflictValue(2);
Note that the column in resolver can be designated by the column number, as is done in the preceding line of code, or by the column name.

With the information retrieved from the methods getStatus and getConflictValue, the application may make a determination as to which value should be persisted in the data source. The application then calls the SyncResolver method setResolvedValue, which sets the value to be persisted in the RowSet object and also in the data source.

    resolver.setResolvedValue("DEPT", 8390426);
In the preceding line of code, the column name designates the column in the RowSet object that is to be set with the given value. The column number can also be used to designate the column.

An application calls the method setResolvedValue after it has resolved all of the conflicts in the current conflict row and repeats this process for each conflict row in the SyncResolver object.

Navigating a SyncResolver Object

Because a SyncResolver object is a RowSet object, an application can use all of the RowSet methods for moving the cursor to navigate a SyncResolver object. For example, an application can use the RowSet method next to get to each row and then call the SyncResolver method getStatus to see if the row contains a conflict. In a row with one or more conflicts, the application can iterate through the columns to find any non-null values, which will be the values from the data source that are in conflict.

To make it easier to navigate a SyncResolver object, especially when there are large numbers of rows with no conflicts, the SyncResolver interface defines the methods nextConflict and previousConflict, which move only to rows that contain at least one conflict value. Then an application can call the SyncResolver method getConflictValue, supplying it with the column number, to get the conflict value itself. The code fragment in the next section gives an example.

Code Example

The following code fragment demonstrates how a disconnected RowSet object crs might attempt to synchronize itself with the underlying data source and then resolve the conflicts. In the try block, crs calls the method acceptChanges, passing it the Connection object con. If there are no conflicts, the changes in crs are simply written to the data source. However, if there is a conflict, the method acceptChanges throws a SyncProviderException object, and the catch block takes effect. In this example, which illustrates one of the many ways a SyncResolver object can be used, the SyncResolver method nextConflict is used in a while loop. The loop will end when nextConflict returns false, which will occur when there are no more conflict rows in the SyncResolver object resolver. In This particular code fragment, resolver looks for rows that have update conflicts (rows with the status SyncResolver.UPDATE_ROW_CONFLICT), and the rest of this code fragment executes only for rows where conflicts occurred because crs was attempting an update.

After the cursor for resolver has moved to the next conflict row that has an update conflict, the method getRow indicates the number of the current row, and the cursor for the CachedRowSet object crs is moved to the comparable row in crs. By iterating through the columns of that row in both resolver and crs, the conflicting values can be retrieved and compared to decide which one should be persisted. In this code fragment, the value in crs is the one set as the resolved value, which means that it will be used to overwrite the conflict value in the data source.


    try {
        crs.acceptChanges(con);
    } catch (SyncProviderException spe) {
        SyncResolver resolver = spe.getSyncResolver();
        Object crsValue;  // value in the RowSet object
        Object resolverValue:  // value in the SyncResolver object
        Object resolvedValue:  // value to be persisted
        while(resolver.nextConflict())  {
            if(resolver.getStatus() == SyncResolver.UPDATE_ROW_CONFLICT)  {
                int row = resolver.getRow();
                crs.absolute(row);
                int colCount = crs.getMetaData().getColumnCount();
                for(int j = 1; j <= colCount; j++) {
                    if (resolver.getConflictValue(j) != null)  {
                        crsValue = crs.getObject(j);
                        resolverValue = resolver.getConflictValue(j);
                        . . .
                        // compare crsValue and resolverValue to determine
                        // which should be the resolved value (the value to persist)
                        resolvedValue = crsValue;
                        resolver.setResolvedValue(j, resolvedValue);
                     }
                 }
             }
         }
     }
Author: Jonathan Bruce
Since:1.5
/** * Defines a framework that allows applications to use a manual decision tree * to decide what should be done when a synchronization conflict occurs. * Although it is not mandatory for * applications to resolve synchronization conflicts manually, this * framework provides the means to delegate to the application when conflicts * arise. * <p> * Note that a conflict is a situation where the <code>RowSet</code> object's original * values for a row do not match the values in the data source, which indicates that * the data source row has been modified since the last synchronization. Note also that * a <code>RowSet</code> object's original values are the values it had just prior to the * the last synchronization, which are not necessarily its initial values. * * * <H2>Description of a <code>SyncResolver</code> Object</H2> * * A <code>SyncResolver</code> object is a specialized <code>RowSet</code> object * that implements the <code>SyncResolver</code> interface. * It <b>may</b> operate as either a connected <code>RowSet</code> object (an * implementation of the <code>JdbcRowSet</code> interface) or a connected * <code>RowSet</code> object (an implementation of the * <code>CachedRowSet</code> interface or one of its subinterfaces). For information * on the subinterfaces, see the * <a href="../package-summary.html"><code>javax.sql.rowset</code></a> package * description. The reference implementation for <code>SyncResolver</code> implements * the <code>CachedRowSet</code> interface, but other implementations * may choose to implement the <code>JdbcRowSet</code> interface to satisfy * particular needs. * <P> * After an application has attempted to synchronize a <code>RowSet</code> object with * the data source (by calling the <code>CachedRowSet</code> * method <code>acceptChanges</code>), and one or more conflicts have been found, * a rowset's <code>SyncProvider</code> object creates an instance of * <code>SyncResolver</code>. This new <code>SyncResolver</code> object has * the same number of rows and columns as the * <code>RowSet</code> object that was attempting the synchronization. The * <code>SyncResolver</code> object contains the values from the data source that caused * the conflict(s) and <code>null</code> for all other values. * In addition, it contains information about each conflict. * * * <H2>Getting and Using a <code>SyncResolver</code> Object</H2> * * When the method <code>acceptChanges</code> encounters conflicts, the * <code>SyncProvider</code> object creates a <code>SyncProviderException</code> * object and sets it with the new <code>SyncResolver</code> object. The method * <code>acceptChanges</code> will throw this exception, which * the application can then catch and use to retrieve the * <code>SyncResolver</code> object it contains. The following code snippet uses the * <code>SyncProviderException</code> method <code>getSyncResolver</code> to get * the <code>SyncResolver</code> object <i>resolver</i>. * <PRE> * {@code * } catch (SyncProviderException spe) { * SyncResolver resolver = spe.getSyncResolver(); * ... * } * * } * </PRE> * <P> * With <i>resolver</i> in hand, an application can use it to get the information * it contains about the conflict or conflicts. A <code>SyncResolver</code> object * such as <i>resolver</i> keeps * track of the conflicts for each row in which there is a conflict. It also places a * lock on the table or tables affected by the rowset's command so that no more * conflicts can occur while the current conflicts are being resolved. * <P> * The following kinds of information can be obtained from a <code>SyncResolver</code> * object: * * <h3>What operation was being attempted when a conflict occurred</h3> * The <code>SyncProvider</code> interface defines four constants * describing states that may occur. Three * constants describe the type of operation (update, delete, or insert) that a * <code>RowSet</code> object was attempting to perform when a conflict was discovered, * and the fourth indicates that there is no conflict. * These constants are the possible return values when a <code>SyncResolver</code> object * calls the method <code>getStatus</code>. * <PRE> * {@code int operation = resolver.getStatus(); } * </PRE> * * <h3>The value in the data source that caused a conflict</h3> * A conflict exists when a value that a <code>RowSet</code> object has changed * and is attempting to write to the data source * has also been changed in the data source since the last synchronization. An * application can call the <code>SyncResolver</code> method * <code>getConflictValue</code > to retrieve the * value in the data source that is the cause of the conflict because the values in a * <code>SyncResolver</code> object are the conflict values from the data source. * <PRE> * java.lang.Object conflictValue = resolver.getConflictValue(2); * </PRE> * Note that the column in <i>resolver</i> can be designated by the column number, * as is done in the preceding line of code, or by the column name. * <P> * With the information retrieved from the methods <code>getStatus</code> and * <code>getConflictValue</code>, the application may make a determination as to * which value should be persisted in the data source. The application then calls the * <code>SyncResolver</code> method <code>setResolvedValue</code>, which sets the value * to be persisted in the <code>RowSet</code> object and also in the data source. * <PRE> * resolver.setResolvedValue("DEPT", 8390426); * </PRE> * In the preceding line of code, * the column name designates the column in the <code>RowSet</code> object * that is to be set with the given value. The column number can also be used to * designate the column. * <P> * An application calls the method <code>setResolvedValue</code> after it has * resolved all of the conflicts in the current conflict row and repeats this process * for each conflict row in the <code>SyncResolver</code> object. * * * <H2>Navigating a <code>SyncResolver</code> Object</H2> * * Because a <code>SyncResolver</code> object is a <code>RowSet</code> object, an * application can use all of the <code>RowSet</code> methods for moving the cursor * to navigate a <code>SyncResolver</code> object. For example, an application can * use the <code>RowSet</code> method <code>next</code> to get to each row and then * call the <code>SyncResolver</code> method <code>getStatus</code> to see if the row * contains a conflict. In a row with one or more conflicts, the application can * iterate through the columns to find any non-null values, which will be the values * from the data source that are in conflict. * <P> * To make it easier to navigate a <code>SyncResolver</code> object, especially when * there are large numbers of rows with no conflicts, the <code>SyncResolver</code> * interface defines the methods <code>nextConflict</code> and * <code>previousConflict</code>, which move only to rows * that contain at least one conflict value. Then an application can call the * <code>SyncResolver</code> method <code>getConflictValue</code>, supplying it * with the column number, to get the conflict value itself. The code fragment in the * next section gives an example. * * <H2>Code Example</H2> * * The following code fragment demonstrates how a disconnected <code>RowSet</code> * object <i>crs</i> might attempt to synchronize itself with the * underlying data source and then resolve the conflicts. In the <code>try</code> * block, <i>crs</i> calls the method <code>acceptChanges</code>, passing it the * <code>Connection</code> object <i>con</i>. If there are no conflicts, the * changes in <i>crs</i> are simply written to the data source. However, if there * is a conflict, the method <code>acceptChanges</code> throws a * <code>SyncProviderException</code> object, and the * <code>catch</code> block takes effect. In this example, which * illustrates one of the many ways a <code>SyncResolver</code> object can be used, * the <code>SyncResolver</code> method <code>nextConflict</code> is used in a * <code>while</code> loop. The loop will end when <code>nextConflict</code> returns * <code>false</code>, which will occur when there are no more conflict rows in the * <code>SyncResolver</code> object <i>resolver</i>. In This particular code fragment, * <i>resolver</i> looks for rows that have update conflicts (rows with the status * <code>SyncResolver.UPDATE_ROW_CONFLICT</code>), and the rest of this code fragment * executes only for rows where conflicts occurred because <i>crs</i> was attempting an * update. * <P> * After the cursor for <i>resolver</i> has moved to the next conflict row that * has an update conflict, the method <code>getRow</code> indicates the number of the * current row, and * the cursor for the <code>CachedRowSet</code> object <i>crs</i> is moved to * the comparable row in <i>crs</i>. By iterating * through the columns of that row in both <i>resolver</i> and <i>crs</i>, the conflicting * values can be retrieved and compared to decide which one should be persisted. In this * code fragment, the value in <i>crs</i> is the one set as the resolved value, which means * that it will be used to overwrite the conflict value in the data source. * * <PRE> * {@code * try { * * crs.acceptChanges(con); * * } catch (SyncProviderException spe) { * * SyncResolver resolver = spe.getSyncResolver(); * * Object crsValue; // value in the RowSet object * Object resolverValue: // value in the SyncResolver object * Object resolvedValue: // value to be persisted * * while(resolver.nextConflict()) { * if(resolver.getStatus() == SyncResolver.UPDATE_ROW_CONFLICT) { * int row = resolver.getRow(); * crs.absolute(row); * * int colCount = crs.getMetaData().getColumnCount(); * for(int j = 1; j <= colCount; j++) { * if (resolver.getConflictValue(j) != null) { * crsValue = crs.getObject(j); * resolverValue = resolver.getConflictValue(j); * . . . * // compare crsValue and resolverValue to determine * // which should be the resolved value (the value to persist) * resolvedValue = crsValue; * * resolver.setResolvedValue(j, resolvedValue); * } * } * } * } * } * }</PRE> * * @author Jonathan Bruce * @since 1.5 */
public interface SyncResolver extends RowSet {
Indicates that a conflict occurred while the RowSet object was attempting to update a row in the data source. The values in the data source row to be updated differ from the RowSet object's original values for that row, which means that the row in the data source has been updated or deleted since the last synchronization.
/** * Indicates that a conflict occurred while the <code>RowSet</code> object was * attempting to update a row in the data source. * The values in the data source row to be updated differ from the * <code>RowSet</code> object's original values for that row, which means that * the row in the data source has been updated or deleted since the last * synchronization. */
public static int UPDATE_ROW_CONFLICT = 0;
Indicates that a conflict occurred while the RowSet object was attempting to delete a row in the data source. The values in the data source row to be updated differ from the RowSet object's original values for that row, which means that the row in the data source has been updated or deleted since the last synchronization.
/** * Indicates that a conflict occurred while the <code>RowSet</code> object was * attempting to delete a row in the data source. * The values in the data source row to be updated differ from the * <code>RowSet</code> object's original values for that row, which means that * the row in the data source has been updated or deleted since the last * synchronization. */
public static int DELETE_ROW_CONFLICT = 1;
Indicates that a conflict occurred while the RowSet object was attempting to insert a row into the data source. This means that a row with the same primary key as the row to be inserted has been inserted into the data source since the last synchronization.
/** * Indicates that a conflict occurred while the <code>RowSet</code> object was * attempting to insert a row into the data source. This means that a * row with the same primary key as the row to be inserted has been inserted * into the data source since the last synchronization. */
public static int INSERT_ROW_CONFLICT = 2;
Indicates that no conflict occurred while the RowSet object was attempting to update, delete or insert a row in the data source. The values in the SyncResolver will contain null values only as an indication that no information in pertinent to the conflict resolution in this row.
/** * Indicates that <b>no</b> conflict occurred while the <code>RowSet</code> object * was attempting to update, delete or insert a row in the data source. The values in * the <code>SyncResolver</code> will contain <code>null</code> values only as an indication * that no information in pertinent to the conflict resolution in this row. */
public static int NO_ROW_CONFLICT = 3;
Retrieves the conflict status of the current row of this SyncResolver, which indicates the operation the RowSet object was attempting when the conflict occurred.
Returns:one of the following constants: SyncResolver.UPDATE_ROW_CONFLICT, SyncResolver.DELETE_ROW_CONFLICT, SyncResolver.INSERT_ROW_CONFLICT, or SyncResolver.NO_ROW_CONFLICT
/** * Retrieves the conflict status of the current row of this <code>SyncResolver</code>, * which indicates the operation * the <code>RowSet</code> object was attempting when the conflict occurred. * * @return one of the following constants: * <code>SyncResolver.UPDATE_ROW_CONFLICT</code>, * <code>SyncResolver.DELETE_ROW_CONFLICT</code>, * <code>SyncResolver.INSERT_ROW_CONFLICT</code>, or * <code>SyncResolver.NO_ROW_CONFLICT</code> */
public int getStatus();
Retrieves the value in the designated column in the current row of this SyncResolver object, which is the value in the data source that caused a conflict.
Params:
  • index – an int designating the column in this row of this SyncResolver object from which to retrieve the value causing a conflict
Throws:
Returns:the value of the designated column in the current row of this SyncResolver object
/** * Retrieves the value in the designated column in the current row of this * <code>SyncResolver</code> object, which is the value in the data source * that caused a conflict. * * @param index an <code>int</code> designating the column in this row of this * <code>SyncResolver</code> object from which to retrieve the value * causing a conflict * @return the value of the designated column in the current row of this * <code>SyncResolver</code> object * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs */
public Object getConflictValue(int index) throws SQLException;
Retrieves the value in the designated column in the current row of this SyncResolver object, which is the value in the data source that caused a conflict.
Params:
  • columnName – a String object designating the column in this row of this SyncResolver object from which to retrieve the value causing a conflict
Throws:
Returns:the value of the designated column in the current row of this SyncResolver object
/** * Retrieves the value in the designated column in the current row of this * <code>SyncResolver</code> object, which is the value in the data source * that caused a conflict. * * @param columnName a <code>String</code> object designating the column in this row of this * <code>SyncResolver</code> object from which to retrieve the value * causing a conflict * @return the value of the designated column in the current row of this * <code>SyncResolver</code> object * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs */
public Object getConflictValue(String columnName) throws SQLException;
Sets obj as the value in column index in the current row of the RowSet object that is being synchronized. obj is set as the value in the data source internally.
Params:
  • index – an int giving the number of the column into which to set the value to be persisted
  • obj – an Object that is the value to be set in the RowSet object and persisted in the data source
Throws:
/** * Sets <i>obj</i> as the value in column <i>index</i> in the current row of the * <code>RowSet</code> object that is being synchronized. <i>obj</i> * is set as the value in the data source internally. * * @param index an <code>int</code> giving the number of the column into which to * set the value to be persisted * @param obj an <code>Object</code> that is the value to be set in the * <code>RowSet</code> object and persisted in the data source * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs */
public void setResolvedValue(int index, Object obj) throws SQLException;
Sets obj as the value in column columnName in the current row of the RowSet object that is being synchronized. obj is set as the value in the data source internally.
Params:
  • columnName – a String object giving the name of the column into which to set the value to be persisted
  • obj – an Object that is the value to be set in the RowSet object and persisted in the data source
Throws:
/** * Sets <i>obj</i> as the value in column <i>columnName</i> in the current row of the * <code>RowSet</code> object that is being synchronized. <i>obj</i> * is set as the value in the data source internally. * * @param columnName a <code>String</code> object giving the name of the column * into which to set the value to be persisted * @param obj an <code>Object</code> that is the value to be set in the * <code>RowSet</code> object and persisted in the data source * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs */
public void setResolvedValue(String columnName, Object obj) throws SQLException;
Moves the cursor down from its current position to the next row that contains a conflict value. A SyncResolver object's cursor is initially positioned before the first conflict row; the first call to the method nextConflict makes the first conflict row the current row; the second call makes the second conflict row the current row, and so on.

A call to the method nextConflict will implicitly close an input stream if one is open and will clear the SyncResolver object's warning chain.

Throws:
  • SQLException – if a database access error occurs or the result set type is TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY
Returns:true if the new current row is valid; false if there are no more rows
/** * Moves the cursor down from its current position to the next row that contains * a conflict value. A <code>SyncResolver</code> object's * cursor is initially positioned before the first conflict row; the first call to the * method <code>nextConflict</code> makes the first conflict row the current row; * the second call makes the second conflict row the current row, and so on. * <p> * A call to the method <code>nextConflict</code> will implicitly close * an input stream if one is open and will clear the <code>SyncResolver</code> * object's warning chain. * * @return <code>true</code> if the new current row is valid; <code>false</code> * if there are no more rows * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs or the result set type * is <code>TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY</code> * */
public boolean nextConflict() throws SQLException;
Moves the cursor up from its current position to the previous conflict row in this SyncResolver object.

A call to the method previousConflict will implicitly close an input stream if one is open and will clear the SyncResolver object's warning chain.

Throws:
  • SQLException – if a database access error occurs or the result set type is TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY
Returns:true if the cursor is on a valid row; false if it is off the result set
/** * Moves the cursor up from its current position to the previous conflict * row in this <code>SyncResolver</code> object. * <p> * A call to the method <code>previousConflict</code> will implicitly close * an input stream if one is open and will clear the <code>SyncResolver</code> * object's warning chain. * * @return <code>true</code> if the cursor is on a valid row; <code>false</code> * if it is off the result set * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs or the result set type * is <code>TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY</code> */
public boolean previousConflict() throws SQLException; }