/*
 * JBoss, Home of Professional Open Source.
 * Copyright 2014 Red Hat, Inc., and individual contributors
 * as indicated by the @author tags.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 */

package io.undertow.servlet.handlers;

import io.undertow.UndertowLogger;
import io.undertow.UndertowMessages;
import io.undertow.server.DefaultByteBufferPool;
import io.undertow.server.HttpHandler;
import io.undertow.server.HttpServerExchange;
import io.undertow.server.HttpUpgradeListener;
import io.undertow.server.SSLSessionInfo;
import io.undertow.server.ServerConnection;
import io.undertow.server.XnioBufferPoolAdaptor;
import io.undertow.servlet.api.Deployment;
import io.undertow.servlet.api.ExceptionHandler;
import io.undertow.servlet.api.LoggingExceptionHandler;
import io.undertow.servlet.api.ServletDispatcher;
import io.undertow.servlet.api.ThreadSetupHandler;
import io.undertow.servlet.core.ApplicationListeners;
import io.undertow.servlet.core.ServletBlockingHttpExchange;
import io.undertow.servlet.spec.AsyncContextImpl;
import io.undertow.servlet.spec.HttpServletRequestImpl;
import io.undertow.servlet.spec.HttpServletResponseImpl;
import io.undertow.servlet.spec.RequestDispatcherImpl;
import io.undertow.servlet.spec.ServletContextImpl;
import io.undertow.util.Headers;
import io.undertow.util.HttpString;
import io.undertow.util.Methods;
import io.undertow.util.Protocols;
import io.undertow.util.RedirectBuilder;
import io.undertow.util.StatusCodes;
import org.xnio.ChannelListener;
import org.xnio.Option;
import org.xnio.OptionMap;
import io.undertow.connector.ByteBufferPool;
import org.xnio.Pool;
import org.xnio.StreamConnection;
import org.xnio.XnioIoThread;
import org.xnio.XnioWorker;
import org.xnio.channels.ConnectedChannel;
import org.xnio.conduits.ConduitStreamSinkChannel;
import org.xnio.conduits.ConduitStreamSourceChannel;
import org.xnio.conduits.StreamSinkConduit;

import javax.servlet.DispatcherType;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.SocketAddress;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.PrivilegedExceptionAction;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;

This must be the initial handler in the blocking servlet chain. This sets up the request and response objects,
and attaches them the to exchange.
Author:
Stuart Douglas/**
 * This must be the initial handler in the blocking servlet chain. This sets up the request and response objects,
 * and attaches them the to exchange.
 *
 * @author Stuart Douglas
 */
public class ServletInitialHandler implements HttpHandler, ServletDispatcher {

    private static final String HTTP2_UPGRADE_PREFIX = "h2";

    private static final RuntimePermission PERMISSION = new RuntimePermission("io.undertow.servlet.CREATE_INITIAL_HANDLER");

    private final HttpHandler next;
    //private final HttpHandler asyncPath;

    private final ThreadSetupHandler.Action<Object, ServletRequestContext> firstRequestHandler;

    private final ServletContextImpl servletContext;

    private final ApplicationListeners listeners;

    private final ServletPathMatches paths;

    private final ExceptionHandler exceptionHandler;
    private final HttpHandler dispatchHandler = new HttpHandler() {
        @Override
        public void handleRequest(final HttpServerExchange exchange) throws Exception {
            final ServletRequestContext servletRequestContext = exchange.getAttachment(ServletRequestContext.ATTACHMENT_KEY);
            if (System.getSecurityManager() == null) {
                dispatchRequest(exchange, servletRequestContext, servletRequestContext.getOriginalServletPathMatch().getServletChain(), DispatcherType.REQUEST);
            } else {
                //sometimes thread pools inherit some random
                AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedExceptionAction<Object>() {
                    @Override
                    public Object run() throws Exception {
                        dispatchRequest(exchange, servletRequestContext, servletRequestContext.getOriginalServletPathMatch().getServletChain(), DispatcherType.REQUEST);
                        return null;
                    }
                });
            }
        }
    };

    public ServletInitialHandler(final ServletPathMatches paths, final HttpHandler next, final Deployment deployment, final ServletContextImpl servletContext) {
        this.next = next;
        this.servletContext = servletContext;
        this.paths = paths;
        this.listeners = servletContext.getDeployment().getApplicationListeners();
        SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
        if(sm != null) {
            //handle request can use doPrivilidged
            //we need to make sure this is not abused
            sm.checkPermission(PERMISSION);
        }
        ExceptionHandler handler = servletContext.getDeployment().getDeploymentInfo().getExceptionHandler();
        if(handler != null) {
             this.exceptionHandler = handler;
        } else {
            this.exceptionHandler = LoggingExceptionHandler.DEFAULT;
        }
        this.firstRequestHandler = deployment.createThreadSetupAction(new ThreadSetupHandler.Action<Object, ServletRequestContext>() {
            @Override
            public Object call(HttpServerExchange exchange, ServletRequestContext context) throws Exception {
                handleFirstRequest(exchange, context);
                return null;
            }
        });
    }

    @Override
    public void handleRequest(final HttpServerExchange exchange) throws Exception {
        final String path = exchange.getRelativePath();
        if(isForbiddenPath(path)) {
            exchange.setStatusCode(StatusCodes.NOT_FOUND);
            return;
        }
        final ServletPathMatch info = paths.getServletHandlerByPath(path);
        //https://issues.jboss.org/browse/WFLY-3439
        //if the request is an upgrade request then we don't want to redirect
        //as there is a good chance the web socket client won't understand the redirect
        //we make an exception for HTTP2 upgrade requests, as this would have already be handled at
        //the connector level if it was going to be handled.
        String upgradeString = exchange.getRequestHeaders().getFirst(Headers.UPGRADE);
        boolean isUpgradeRequest = upgradeString != null && !upgradeString.startsWith(HTTP2_UPGRADE_PREFIX);
        if (info.getType() == ServletPathMatch.Type.REDIRECT && !isUpgradeRequest) {
            //UNDERTOW-89
            //we redirect on GET requests to the root context to add an / to the end
            if(exchange.getRequestMethod().equals(Methods.GET) || exchange.getRequestMethod().equals(Methods.HEAD)) {
                exchange.setStatusCode(StatusCodes.FOUND);
            } else {
                exchange.setStatusCode(StatusCodes.TEMPORARY_REDIRECT);
            }
            exchange.getResponseHeaders().put(Headers.LOCATION, RedirectBuilder.redirect(exchange, exchange.getRelativePath() + "/", true));
            return;
        } else if (info.getType() == ServletPathMatch.Type.REWRITE) {
            //this can only happen if the path ends with a /
            //otherwise there would be a redirect instead
            exchange.setRelativePath(info.getRewriteLocation());
            exchange.setRequestPath(exchange.getResolvedPath() + info.getRewriteLocation());
        }

        final HttpServletResponseImpl response = new HttpServletResponseImpl(exchange, servletContext);
        final HttpServletRequestImpl request = new HttpServletRequestImpl(exchange, servletContext);
        final ServletRequestContext servletRequestContext = new ServletRequestContext(servletContext.getDeployment(), request, response, info);
        //set the max request size if applicable
        if (info.getServletChain().getManagedServlet().getMaxRequestSize() > 0) {
            exchange.setMaxEntitySize(info.getServletChain().getManagedServlet().getMaxRequestSize());
        }
        exchange.putAttachment(ServletRequestContext.ATTACHMENT_KEY, servletRequestContext);

        exchange.startBlocking(new ServletBlockingHttpExchange(exchange));
        servletRequestContext.setServletPathMatch(info);

        Executor executor = info.getServletChain().getExecutor();
        if (executor == null) {
            executor = servletContext.getDeployment().getExecutor();
        }

        if (exchange.isInIoThread() || executor != null) {
            //either the exchange has not been dispatched yet, or we need to use a special executor
            exchange.dispatch(executor, dispatchHandler);
        } else {
            dispatchRequest(exchange, servletRequestContext, info.getServletChain(), DispatcherType.REQUEST);
        }
    }

    private boolean isForbiddenPath(String path) {
        return path.equalsIgnoreCase("/meta-inf/")
            || path.regionMatches(true, 0, "/web-inf/", 0, "/web-inf/".length());
    }

    public void dispatchToPath(final HttpServerExchange exchange, final ServletPathMatch pathInfo, final DispatcherType dispatcherType) throws Exception {
        final ServletRequestContext servletRequestContext = exchange.getAttachment(ServletRequestContext.ATTACHMENT_KEY);
        servletRequestContext.setServletPathMatch(pathInfo);
        dispatchRequest(exchange, servletRequestContext, pathInfo.getServletChain(), dispatcherType);
    }

    @Override
    public void dispatchToServlet(final HttpServerExchange exchange, final ServletChain servletchain, final DispatcherType dispatcherType) throws Exception {
        final ServletRequestContext servletRequestContext = exchange.getAttachment(ServletRequestContext.ATTACHMENT_KEY);

        DispatcherType oldDispatch = servletRequestContext.getDispatcherType();
        ServletChain oldChain = servletRequestContext.getCurrentServlet();
        try {
            dispatchRequest(exchange, servletRequestContext, servletchain, dispatcherType);
        } finally {
            servletRequestContext.setDispatcherType(oldDispatch);
            servletRequestContext.setCurrentServlet(oldChain);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void dispatchMockRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException {

        final DefaultByteBufferPool bufferPool = new DefaultByteBufferPool(false, 1024, 0, 0);
        MockServerConnection connection = new MockServerConnection(bufferPool);
        HttpServerExchange exchange = new HttpServerExchange(connection);
        exchange.setRequestScheme(request.getScheme());
        exchange.setRequestMethod(new HttpString(request.getMethod()));
        exchange.setProtocol(Protocols.HTTP_1_0);
        exchange.setResolvedPath(request.getContextPath());
        String relative;
        if (request.getPathInfo() == null) {
            relative = request.getServletPath();
        } else {
            relative = request.getServletPath() + request.getPathInfo();
        }
        exchange.setRelativePath(relative);
        final ServletPathMatch info = paths.getServletHandlerByPath(request.getServletPath());
        final HttpServletResponseImpl oResponse = new HttpServletResponseImpl(exchange, servletContext);
        final HttpServletRequestImpl oRequest = new HttpServletRequestImpl(exchange, servletContext);
        final ServletRequestContext servletRequestContext = new ServletRequestContext(servletContext.getDeployment(), oRequest, oResponse, info);
        servletRequestContext.setServletRequest(request);
        servletRequestContext.setServletResponse(response);
        //set the max request size if applicable
        if (info.getServletChain().getManagedServlet().getMaxRequestSize() > 0) {
            exchange.setMaxEntitySize(info.getServletChain().getManagedServlet().getMaxRequestSize());
        }
        exchange.putAttachment(ServletRequestContext.ATTACHMENT_KEY, servletRequestContext);

        exchange.startBlocking(new ServletBlockingHttpExchange(exchange));
        servletRequestContext.setServletPathMatch(info);

        try {
            dispatchRequest(exchange, servletRequestContext, info.getServletChain(), DispatcherType.REQUEST);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            if (e instanceof RuntimeException) {
                throw (RuntimeException) e;
            }
            throw new ServletException(e);
        }
    }

    private void dispatchRequest(final HttpServerExchange exchange, final ServletRequestContext servletRequestContext, final ServletChain servletChain, final DispatcherType dispatcherType) throws Exception {
        servletRequestContext.setDispatcherType(dispatcherType);
        servletRequestContext.setCurrentServlet(servletChain);
        if (dispatcherType == DispatcherType.REQUEST || dispatcherType == DispatcherType.ASYNC) {
            firstRequestHandler.call(exchange, servletRequestContext);
        } else {
            next.handleRequest(exchange);
        }
    }

    private void handleFirstRequest(final HttpServerExchange exchange, ServletRequestContext servletRequestContext) throws Exception {
        ServletRequest request = servletRequestContext.getServletRequest();
        ServletResponse response = servletRequestContext.getServletResponse();
        //set request attributes from the connector
        //generally this is only applicable if apache is sending AJP_ prefixed environment variables
        Map<String, String> attrs = exchange.getAttachment(HttpServerExchange.REQUEST_ATTRIBUTES);
        if(attrs != null) {
            for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : attrs.entrySet()) {
                request.setAttribute(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
            }
        }
        servletRequestContext.setRunningInsideHandler(true);
        try {
            listeners.requestInitialized(request);
            next.handleRequest(exchange);
            //
            if(servletRequestContext.getErrorCode() > 0) {
                servletRequestContext.getOriginalResponse().doErrorDispatch(servletRequestContext.getErrorCode(), servletRequestContext.getErrorMessage());
            }
        } catch (Throwable t) {

            //by default this will just log the exception
            boolean handled = exceptionHandler.handleThrowable(exchange, request, response, t);

            if(handled) {
                exchange.endExchange();
            } else if (request.isAsyncStarted() || request.getDispatcherType() == DispatcherType.ASYNC) {
                exchange.unDispatch();
                servletRequestContext.getOriginalRequest().getAsyncContextInternal().handleError(t);
            } else {
                if (!exchange.isResponseStarted()) {
                    response.reset();                       //reset the response
                    exchange.setStatusCode(StatusCodes.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
                    exchange.getResponseHeaders().clear();
                    String location = servletContext.getDeployment().getErrorPages().getErrorLocation(t);
                    if (location == null) {
                        location = servletContext.getDeployment().getErrorPages().getErrorLocation(StatusCodes.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR);
                    }
                    if (location != null) {
                        RequestDispatcherImpl dispatcher = new RequestDispatcherImpl(location, servletContext);
                        try {
                            dispatcher.error(servletRequestContext, request, response, servletRequestContext.getOriginalServletPathMatch().getServletChain().getManagedServlet().getServletInfo().getName(), t);
                        } catch (Exception e) {
                            UndertowLogger.REQUEST_LOGGER.exceptionGeneratingErrorPage(e, location);
                        }
                    } else {
                        if (servletRequestContext.displayStackTraces()) {
                            ServletDebugPageHandler.handleRequest(exchange, servletRequestContext, t);
                        } else {
                            servletRequestContext.getOriginalResponse().doErrorDispatch(StatusCodes.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, StatusCodes.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR_STRING);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }

        } finally {
            servletRequestContext.setRunningInsideHandler(false);
            listeners.requestDestroyed(request);
        }
        //if it is not dispatched and is not a mock request
        if (!exchange.isDispatched() && !(exchange.getConnection() instanceof MockServerConnection)) {
            servletRequestContext.getOriginalResponse().responseDone();
            servletRequestContext.getOriginalRequest().clearAttributes();
        }
        if(!exchange.isDispatched()) {
            AsyncContextImpl ctx = servletRequestContext.getOriginalRequest().getAsyncContextInternal();
            if(ctx != null) {
                ctx.complete();
            }
        }
    }

    public HttpHandler getNext() {
        return next;
    }

    private static class MockServerConnection extends ServerConnection {
        private final ByteBufferPool bufferPool;
        private SSLSessionInfo sslSessionInfo;
        private XnioBufferPoolAdaptor poolAdaptor;
        private MockServerConnection(ByteBufferPool bufferPool) {
            this.bufferPool = bufferPool;
        }

        @Override
        public Pool<ByteBuffer> getBufferPool() {
            if(poolAdaptor == null) {
                poolAdaptor = new XnioBufferPoolAdaptor(getByteBufferPool());
            }
            return poolAdaptor;
        }


        @Override
        public ByteBufferPool getByteBufferPool() {
            return bufferPool;
        }

        @Override
        public XnioWorker getWorker() {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public XnioIoThread getIoThread() {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public HttpServerExchange sendOutOfBandResponse(HttpServerExchange exchange) {
            throw UndertowMessages.MESSAGES.outOfBandResponseNotSupported();
        }

        @Override
        public boolean isContinueResponseSupported() {
            return false;
        }

        @Override
        public void terminateRequestChannel(HttpServerExchange exchange) {

        }

        @Override
        public boolean isOpen() {
            return true;
        }

        @Override
        public boolean supportsOption(Option<?> option) {
            return false;
        }

        @Override
        public <T> T getOption(Option<T> option) throws IOException {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public <T> T setOption(Option<T> option, T value) throws IllegalArgumentException, IOException {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public void close() throws IOException {
        }

        @Override
        public SocketAddress getPeerAddress() {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public <A extends SocketAddress> A getPeerAddress(Class<A> type) {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public ChannelListener.Setter<? extends ConnectedChannel> getCloseSetter() {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public SocketAddress getLocalAddress() {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public <A extends SocketAddress> A getLocalAddress(Class<A> type) {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public OptionMap getUndertowOptions() {
            return OptionMap.EMPTY;
        }

        @Override
        public int getBufferSize() {
            return 1024;
        }

        @Override
        public SSLSessionInfo getSslSessionInfo() {
            return sslSessionInfo;
        }

        @Override
        public void setSslSessionInfo(SSLSessionInfo sessionInfo) {
            sslSessionInfo = sessionInfo;
        }

        @Override
        public void addCloseListener(CloseListener listener) {
        }

        @Override
        public StreamConnection upgradeChannel() {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public ConduitStreamSinkChannel getSinkChannel() {
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        public ConduitStreamSourceChannel getSourceChannel() {
            return new ConduitStreamSourceChannel(null, null);
        }

        @Override
        protected StreamSinkConduit getSinkConduit(HttpServerExchange exchange, StreamSinkConduit conduit) {
            return conduit;
        }

        @Override
        protected boolean isUpgradeSupported() {
            return false;
        }

        @Override
        protected boolean isConnectSupported() {
            return false;
        }

        @Override
        protected void exchangeComplete(HttpServerExchange exchange) {
        }

        @Override
        protected void setUpgradeListener(HttpUpgradeListener upgradeListener) {
            //ignore
        }

        @Override
        protected void setConnectListener(HttpUpgradeListener connectListener) {
            //ignore
        }

        @Override
        protected void maxEntitySizeUpdated(HttpServerExchange exchange) {
        }

        @Override
        public String getTransportProtocol() {
            return "mock";
        }

        @Override
        public boolean isRequestTrailerFieldsSupported() {
            return false;
        }
    }

}