org.ow2.asm/asm-tree/5.2 : org/objectweb/asm/util/CheckClassAdapter.java

CheckClassAdapter
http://asm.objectweb.org/asm-tree/: A very small and fast Java bytecode manipulation framework (ObjectWeb)
Eric Bruneton
Eugene Kuleshov
Remi Forax
ASM: a very small and fast Java bytecode manipulation framework
Copyright (c) 2000-2011 INRIA, France Telecom
All rights reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
are met:
1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
   notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
   documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
3. Neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
   contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
   this software without specific prior written permission.
THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
/***
 * ASM: a very small and fast Java bytecode manipulation framework
 * Copyright (c) 2000-2011 INRIA, France Telecom
 * All rights reserved.
 *
 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
 * are met:
 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
 *    notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
 *    documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
 * 3. Neither the name of the copyright holders nor the names of its
 *    contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
 *    this software without specific prior written permission.
 *
 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
 * AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
 * LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
 * CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
 * SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
 * CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
 * ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF
 * THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
 */
package org.objectweb.asm.util;

import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.PrintWriter;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;

import org.objectweb.asm.AnnotationVisitor;
import org.objectweb.asm.Attribute;
import org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader;
import org.objectweb.asm.ClassVisitor;
import org.objectweb.asm.FieldVisitor;
import org.objectweb.asm.Label;
import org.objectweb.asm.MethodVisitor;
import org.objectweb.asm.Opcodes;
import org.objectweb.asm.Type;
import org.objectweb.asm.TypePath;
import org.objectweb.asm.TypeReference;
import org.objectweb.asm.tree.ClassNode;
import org.objectweb.asm.tree.MethodNode;
import org.objectweb.asm.tree.analysis.Analyzer;
import org.objectweb.asm.tree.analysis.BasicValue;
import org.objectweb.asm.tree.analysis.Frame;
import org.objectweb.asm.tree.analysis.SimpleVerifier;

A ClassVisitor that checks that its methods are properly used. More precisely this class adapter checks each method call individually, based only on its arguments, but does not check the sequence
of method calls. For example, the invalid sequence
visitField(ACC_PUBLIC, "i", "I", null) visitField(ACC_PUBLIC,
"i", "D", null) will not be detected by this class adapter.

CheckClassAdapter can be also used to verify bytecode
transformations in order to make sure transformed bytecode is sane. For
example:
  InputStream is = ...; // get bytes for the source class
  ClassReader cr = new ClassReader(is);
  ClassWriter cw = new ClassWriter(cr, ClassWriter.COMPUTE_MAXS);
  ClassVisitor cv = new MyClassAdapter(new CheckClassAdapter(cw));
  cr.accept(cv, 0);
  StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
  PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw);
  CheckClassAdapter.verify(new ClassReader(cw.toByteArray()), false, pw);
  assertTrue(sw.toString(), sw.toString().length()==0);

Above code runs transformed bytecode trough the
CheckClassAdapter. It won't be exactly the same verification as
JVM does, but it run data flow analysis for the code of each method and
checks that expectations are met for each method instruction.

If method bytecode has errors, assertion text will show the erroneous
instruction number and dump of the failed method with information about
locals and stack slot for each instruction. For example (format is -
insnNumber locals : stack):
org.objectweb.asm.tree.analysis.AnalyzerException: Error at instruction 71: Expected I, but found .
  at org.objectweb.asm.tree.analysis.Analyzer.analyze(Analyzer.java:289)
  at org.objectweb.asm.util.CheckClassAdapter.verify(CheckClassAdapter.java:135)
...
remove()V
00000 LinkedBlockingQueue$Itr . . . . . . . .  :
  ICONST_0
00001 LinkedBlockingQueue$Itr . . . . . . . .  : I
  ISTORE 2
00001 LinkedBlockingQueue$Itr . I . . . . . .  :
...
00071 LinkedBlockingQueue$Itr . I . . . . . .  :
  ILOAD 1
00072 ?
  INVOKESPECIAL java/lang/Integer.<init> (I)V
...

In the above output you can see that variable 1 loaded by
ILOAD 1 instruction at position 00071 is not
initialized. You can also see that at the beginning of the method (code
inserted by the transformation) variable 2 is initialized.

Note that when used like that, CheckClassAdapter.verify() can
trigger additional class loading, because it is using
SimpleVerifier.
Author: Eric Bruneton/**
 * A {@link ClassVisitor} that checks that its methods are properly used. More
 * precisely this class adapter checks each method call individually, based
 * <i>only</i> on its arguments, but does <i>not</i> check the <i>sequence</i>
 * of method calls. For example, the invalid sequence
 * <tt>visitField(ACC_PUBLIC, "i", "I", null)</tt> <tt>visitField(ACC_PUBLIC,
 * "i", "D", null)</tt> will <i>not</i> be detected by this class adapter.
 * 
 * <p>
 * <code>CheckClassAdapter</code> can be also used to verify bytecode
 * transformations in order to make sure transformed bytecode is sane. For
 * example:
 * 
 * <pre>
 *   InputStream is = ...; // get bytes for the source class
 *   ClassReader cr = new ClassReader(is);
 *   ClassWriter cw = new ClassWriter(cr, ClassWriter.COMPUTE_MAXS);
 *   ClassVisitor cv = new <b>MyClassAdapter</b>(new CheckClassAdapter(cw));
 *   cr.accept(cv, 0);
 * 
 *   StringWriter sw = new StringWriter();
 *   PrintWriter pw = new PrintWriter(sw);
 *   CheckClassAdapter.verify(new ClassReader(cw.toByteArray()), false, pw);
 *   assertTrue(sw.toString(), sw.toString().length()==0);
 * </pre>
 * 
 * Above code runs transformed bytecode trough the
 * <code>CheckClassAdapter</code>. It won't be exactly the same verification as
 * JVM does, but it run data flow analysis for the code of each method and
 * checks that expectations are met for each method instruction.
 * 
 * <p>
 * If method bytecode has errors, assertion text will show the erroneous
 * instruction number and dump of the failed method with information about
 * locals and stack slot for each instruction. For example (format is -
 * insnNumber locals : stack):
 * 
 * <pre>
 * org.objectweb.asm.tree.analysis.AnalyzerException: Error at instruction 71: Expected I, but found .
 *   at org.objectweb.asm.tree.analysis.Analyzer.analyze(Analyzer.java:289)
 *   at org.objectweb.asm.util.CheckClassAdapter.verify(CheckClassAdapter.java:135)
 * ...
 * remove()V
 * 00000 LinkedBlockingQueue$Itr . . . . . . . .  :
 *   ICONST_0
 * 00001 LinkedBlockingQueue$Itr . . . . . . . .  : I
 *   ISTORE 2
 * 00001 LinkedBlockingQueue$Itr <b>.</b> I . . . . . .  :
 * ...
 * 
 * 00071 LinkedBlockingQueue$Itr <b>.</b> I . . . . . .  :
 *   ILOAD 1
 * 00072 <b>?</b>
 *   INVOKESPECIAL java/lang/Integer.&lt;init&gt; (I)V
 * ...
 * </pre>
 * 
 * In the above output you can see that variable 1 loaded by
 * <code>ILOAD 1</code> instruction at position <code>00071</code> is not
 * initialized. You can also see that at the beginning of the method (code
 * inserted by the transformation) variable 2 is initialized.
 * 
 * <p>
 * Note that when used like that, <code>CheckClassAdapter.verify()</code> can
 * trigger additional class loading, because it is using
 * <code>SimpleVerifier</code>.
 * 
 * @author Eric Bruneton
 */
public class CheckClassAdapter extends ClassVisitor {

    The class version number.
/**
     * The class version number.
     */
    private int version;

    true if the visit method has been called.
/**
     * <tt>true</tt> if the visit method has been called.
     */
    private boolean start;

    true if the visitSource method has been called.
/**
     * <tt>true</tt> if the visitSource method has been called.
     */
    private boolean source;

    true if the visitOuterClass method has been called.
/**
     * <tt>true</tt> if the visitOuterClass method has been called.
     */
    private boolean outer;

    true if the visitEnd method has been called.
/**
     * <tt>true</tt> if the visitEnd method has been called.
     */
    private boolean end;

    The already visited labels. This map associate Integer values to Label
keys.
/**
     * The already visited labels. This map associate Integer values to Label
     * keys.
     */
    private Map<Label, Integer> labels;

    true if the method code must be checked with a BasicVerifier.
/**
     * <tt>true</tt> if the method code must be checked with a BasicVerifier.
     */
    private boolean checkDataFlow;

    Checks a given class.

Usage: CheckClassAdapter <binary class name or class file name>
Params: args – 
           the command line arguments.
Throws: Exception – 
            if the class cannot be found, or if an IO exception occurs./**
     * Checks a given class.
     * <p>
     * Usage: CheckClassAdapter &lt;binary class name or class file name&gt;
     * 
     * @param args
     *            the command line arguments.
     * 
     * @throws Exception
     *             if the class cannot be found, or if an IO exception occurs.
     */
    public static void main(final String[] args) throws Exception {
        if (args.length != 1) {
            System.err.println("Verifies the given class.");
            System.err.println("Usage: CheckClassAdapter "
                    + "<fully qualified class name or class file name>");
            return;
        }
        ClassReader cr;
        if (args[0].endsWith(".class")) {
            cr = new ClassReader(new FileInputStream(args[0]));
        } else {
            cr = new ClassReader(args[0]);
        }

        verify(cr, false, new PrintWriter(System.err));
    }

    Checks a given class.
Params: cr – 
           a ClassReader that contains bytecode for the
           analysis.
loader – 
           a ClassLoader which will be used to load
           referenced classes. This is useful if you are verifiying
           multiple interdependent classes.
dump – 
           true if bytecode should be printed out not only when errors
           are found.
pw – 
           write where results going to be printed/**
     * Checks a given class.
     * 
     * @param cr
     *            a <code>ClassReader</code> that contains bytecode for the
     *            analysis.
     * @param loader
     *            a <code>ClassLoader</code> which will be used to load
     *            referenced classes. This is useful if you are verifiying
     *            multiple interdependent classes.
     * @param dump
     *            true if bytecode should be printed out not only when errors
     *            are found.
     * @param pw
     *            write where results going to be printed
     */
    public static void verify(final ClassReader cr, final ClassLoader loader,
            final boolean dump, final PrintWriter pw) {
        ClassNode cn = new ClassNode();
        cr.accept(new CheckClassAdapter(cn, false), ClassReader.SKIP_DEBUG);

        Type syperType = cn.superName == null ? null : Type
                .getObjectType(cn.superName);
        List<MethodNode> methods = cn.methods;

        List<Type> interfaces = new ArrayList<Type>();
        for (Iterator<String> i = cn.interfaces.iterator(); i.hasNext();) {
            interfaces.add(Type.getObjectType(i.next()));
        }

        for (int i = 0; i < methods.size(); ++i) {
            MethodNode method = methods.get(i);
            SimpleVerifier verifier = new SimpleVerifier(
                    Type.getObjectType(cn.name), syperType, interfaces,
                    (cn.access & Opcodes.ACC_INTERFACE) != 0);
            Analyzer<BasicValue> a = new Analyzer<BasicValue>(verifier);
            if (loader != null) {
                verifier.setClassLoader(loader);
            }
            try {
                a.analyze(cn.name, method);
                if (!dump) {
                    continue;
                }
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace(pw);
            }
            printAnalyzerResult(method, a, pw);
        }
        pw.flush();
    }

    Checks a given class
Params: cr – 
           a ClassReader that contains bytecode for the
           analysis.
dump – 
           true if bytecode should be printed out not only when errors
           are found.
pw – 
           write where results going to be printed/**
     * Checks a given class
     * 
     * @param cr
     *            a <code>ClassReader</code> that contains bytecode for the
     *            analysis.
     * @param dump
     *            true if bytecode should be printed out not only when errors
     *            are found.
     * @param pw
     *            write where results going to be printed
     */
    public static void verify(final ClassReader cr, final boolean dump,
            final PrintWriter pw) {
        verify(cr, null, dump, pw);
    }

    static void printAnalyzerResult(MethodNode method, Analyzer<BasicValue> a,
            final PrintWriter pw) {
        Frame<BasicValue>[] frames = a.getFrames();
        Textifier t = new Textifier();
        TraceMethodVisitor mv = new TraceMethodVisitor(t);

        pw.println(method.name + method.desc);
        for (int j = 0; j < method.instructions.size(); ++j) {
            method.instructions.get(j).accept(mv);

            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            Frame<BasicValue> f = frames[j];
            if (f == null) {
                sb.append('?');
            } else {
                for (int k = 0; k < f.getLocals(); ++k) {
                    sb.append(getShortName(f.getLocal(k).toString()))
                            .append(' ');
                }
                sb.append(" : ");
                for (int k = 0; k < f.getStackSize(); ++k) {
                    sb.append(getShortName(f.getStack(k).toString()))
                            .append(' ');
                }
            }
            while (sb.length() < method.maxStack + method.maxLocals + 1) {
                sb.append(' ');
            }
            pw.print(Integer.toString(j + 100000).substring(1));
            pw.print(" " + sb + " : " + t.text.get(t.text.size() - 1));
        }
        for (int j = 0; j < method.tryCatchBlocks.size(); ++j) {
            method.tryCatchBlocks.get(j).accept(mv);
            pw.print(" " + t.text.get(t.text.size() - 1));
        }
        pw.println();
    }

    private static String getShortName(final String name) {
        int n = name.lastIndexOf('/');
        int k = name.length();
        if (name.charAt(k - 1) == ';') {
            k--;
        }
        return n == -1 ? name : name.substring(n + 1, k);
    }

    Constructs a new CheckClassAdapter. Subclasses must not use
this constructor. Instead, they must use the CheckClassAdapter(int, ClassVisitor, boolean) version. 
Params: cv – 
           the class visitor to which this adapter must delegate calls./**
     * Constructs a new {@link CheckClassAdapter}. <i>Subclasses must not use
     * this constructor</i>. Instead, they must use the
     * {@link #CheckClassAdapter(int, ClassVisitor, boolean)} version.
     * 
     * @param cv
     *            the class visitor to which this adapter must delegate calls.
     */
    public CheckClassAdapter(final ClassVisitor cv) {
        this(cv, true);
    }

    Constructs a new CheckClassAdapter. Subclasses must not use
this constructor. Instead, they must use the CheckClassAdapter(int, ClassVisitor, boolean) version. 
Params: cv – 
           the class visitor to which this adapter must delegate calls.
checkDataFlow – 
           true to perform basic data flow checks, or
           false to not perform any data flow check (see CheckMethodAdapter). This option requires valid maxLocals and maxStack values.
Throws: IllegalStateException – 
            If a subclass calls this constructor./**
     * Constructs a new {@link CheckClassAdapter}. <i>Subclasses must not use
     * this constructor</i>. Instead, they must use the
     * {@link #CheckClassAdapter(int, ClassVisitor, boolean)} version.
     * 
     * @param cv
     *            the class visitor to which this adapter must delegate calls.
     * @param checkDataFlow
     *            <tt>true</tt> to perform basic data flow checks, or
     *            <tt>false</tt> to not perform any data flow check (see
     *            {@link CheckMethodAdapter}). This option requires valid
     *            maxLocals and maxStack values.
     * @throws IllegalStateException
     *             If a subclass calls this constructor.
     */
    public CheckClassAdapter(final ClassVisitor cv, final boolean checkDataFlow) {
        this(Opcodes.ASM5, cv, checkDataFlow);
        if (getClass() != CheckClassAdapter.class) {
            throw new IllegalStateException();
        }
    }

    Constructs a new CheckClassAdapter. 
Params: api –  the ASM API version implemented by this visitor. Must be one of Opcodes.ASM4 or Opcodes.ASM5.
cv – 
           the class visitor to which this adapter must delegate calls.
checkDataFlow – 
           true to perform basic data flow checks, or
           false to not perform any data flow check (see CheckMethodAdapter). This option requires valid maxLocals and maxStack values./**
     * Constructs a new {@link CheckClassAdapter}.
     * 
     * @param api
     *            the ASM API version implemented by this visitor. Must be one
     *            of {@link Opcodes#ASM4} or {@link Opcodes#ASM5}.
     * @param cv
     *            the class visitor to which this adapter must delegate calls.
     * @param checkDataFlow
     *            <tt>true</tt> to perform basic data flow checks, or
     *            <tt>false</tt> to not perform any data flow check (see
     *            {@link CheckMethodAdapter}). This option requires valid
     *            maxLocals and maxStack values.
     */
    protected CheckClassAdapter(final int api, final ClassVisitor cv,
            final boolean checkDataFlow) {
        super(api, cv);
        this.labels = new HashMap<Label, Integer>();
        this.checkDataFlow = checkDataFlow;
    }

    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Implementation of the ClassVisitor interface
    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------

    @Override
    public void visit(final int version, final int access, final String name,
            final String signature, final String superName,
            final String[] interfaces) {
        if (start) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("visit must be called only once");
        }
        start = true;
        checkState();
        checkAccess(access, Opcodes.ACC_PUBLIC + Opcodes.ACC_FINAL
                + Opcodes.ACC_SUPER + Opcodes.ACC_INTERFACE
                + Opcodes.ACC_ABSTRACT + Opcodes.ACC_SYNTHETIC
                + Opcodes.ACC_ANNOTATION + Opcodes.ACC_ENUM
                + Opcodes.ACC_DEPRECATED + 0x40000); // ClassWriter.ACC_SYNTHETIC_ATTRIBUTE
        if (name == null || !name.endsWith("package-info")) {
            CheckMethodAdapter.checkInternalName(name, "class name");
        }
        if ("java/lang/Object".equals(name)) {
            if (superName != null) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "The super class name of the Object class must be 'null'");
            }
        } else {
            CheckMethodAdapter.checkInternalName(superName, "super class name");
        }
        if (signature != null) {
            checkClassSignature(signature);
        }
        if ((access & Opcodes.ACC_INTERFACE) != 0) {
            if (!"java/lang/Object".equals(superName)) {
                throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                        "The super class name of interfaces must be 'java/lang/Object'");
            }
        }
        if (interfaces != null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < interfaces.length; ++i) {
                CheckMethodAdapter.checkInternalName(interfaces[i],
                        "interface name at index " + i);
            }
        }
        this.version = version;
        super.visit(version, access, name, signature, superName, interfaces);
    }

    @Override
    public void visitSource(final String file, final String debug) {
        checkState();
        if (source) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(
                    "visitSource can be called only once.");
        }
        source = true;
        super.visitSource(file, debug);
    }

    @Override
    public void visitOuterClass(final String owner, final String name,
            final String desc) {
        checkState();
        if (outer) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(
                    "visitOuterClass can be called only once.");
        }
        outer = true;
        if (owner == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Illegal outer class owner");
        }
        if (desc != null) {
            CheckMethodAdapter.checkMethodDesc(desc);
        }
        super.visitOuterClass(owner, name, desc);
    }

    @Override
    public void visitInnerClass(final String name, final String outerName,
            final String innerName, final int access) {
        checkState();
        CheckMethodAdapter.checkInternalName(name, "class name");
        if (outerName != null) {
            CheckMethodAdapter.checkInternalName(outerName, "outer class name");
        }
        if (innerName != null) {
            int start = 0;
            while (start < innerName.length()
                    && Character.isDigit(innerName.charAt(start))) {
                start++;
            }
            if (start == 0 || start < innerName.length()) {
                CheckMethodAdapter.checkIdentifier(innerName, start, -1,
                        "inner class name");
            }
        }
        checkAccess(access, Opcodes.ACC_PUBLIC + Opcodes.ACC_PRIVATE
                + Opcodes.ACC_PROTECTED + Opcodes.ACC_STATIC
                + Opcodes.ACC_FINAL + Opcodes.ACC_INTERFACE
                + Opcodes.ACC_ABSTRACT + Opcodes.ACC_SYNTHETIC
                + Opcodes.ACC_ANNOTATION + Opcodes.ACC_ENUM);
        super.visitInnerClass(name, outerName, innerName, access);
    }

    @Override
    public FieldVisitor visitField(final int access, final String name,
            final String desc, final String signature, final Object value) {
        checkState();
        checkAccess(access, Opcodes.ACC_PUBLIC + Opcodes.ACC_PRIVATE
                + Opcodes.ACC_PROTECTED + Opcodes.ACC_STATIC
                + Opcodes.ACC_FINAL + Opcodes.ACC_VOLATILE
                + Opcodes.ACC_TRANSIENT + Opcodes.ACC_SYNTHETIC
                + Opcodes.ACC_ENUM + Opcodes.ACC_DEPRECATED + 0x40000); // ClassWriter.ACC_SYNTHETIC_ATTRIBUTE
        CheckMethodAdapter.checkUnqualifiedName(version, name, "field name");
        CheckMethodAdapter.checkDesc(desc, false);
        if (signature != null) {
            checkFieldSignature(signature);
        }
        if (value != null) {
            CheckMethodAdapter.checkConstant(value);
        }
        FieldVisitor av = super
                .visitField(access, name, desc, signature, value);
        return new CheckFieldAdapter(av);
    }

    @Override
    public MethodVisitor visitMethod(final int access, final String name,
            final String desc, final String signature, final String[] exceptions) {
        checkState();
        checkAccess(access, Opcodes.ACC_PUBLIC + Opcodes.ACC_PRIVATE
                + Opcodes.ACC_PROTECTED + Opcodes.ACC_STATIC
                + Opcodes.ACC_FINAL + Opcodes.ACC_SYNCHRONIZED
                + Opcodes.ACC_BRIDGE + Opcodes.ACC_VARARGS + Opcodes.ACC_NATIVE
                + Opcodes.ACC_ABSTRACT + Opcodes.ACC_STRICT
                + Opcodes.ACC_SYNTHETIC + Opcodes.ACC_DEPRECATED + 0x40000); // ClassWriter.ACC_SYNTHETIC_ATTRIBUTE
        if (!"<init>".equals(name) && !"<clinit>".equals(name)) {
            CheckMethodAdapter.checkMethodIdentifier(version, name,
                    "method name");
        }
        CheckMethodAdapter.checkMethodDesc(desc);
        if (signature != null) {
            checkMethodSignature(signature);
        }
        if (exceptions != null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < exceptions.length; ++i) {
                CheckMethodAdapter.checkInternalName(exceptions[i],
                        "exception name at index " + i);
            }
        }
        CheckMethodAdapter cma;
        if (checkDataFlow) {
            cma = new CheckMethodAdapter(access, name, desc, super.visitMethod(
                    access, name, desc, signature, exceptions), labels);
        } else {
            cma = new CheckMethodAdapter(super.visitMethod(access, name, desc,
                    signature, exceptions), labels);
        }
        cma.version = version;
        return cma;
    }

    @Override
    public AnnotationVisitor visitAnnotation(final String desc,
            final boolean visible) {
        checkState();
        CheckMethodAdapter.checkDesc(desc, false);
        return new CheckAnnotationAdapter(super.visitAnnotation(desc, visible));
    }

    @Override
    public AnnotationVisitor visitTypeAnnotation(final int typeRef,
            final TypePath typePath, final String desc, final boolean visible) {
        checkState();
        int sort = typeRef >>> 24;
        if (sort != TypeReference.CLASS_TYPE_PARAMETER
                && sort != TypeReference.CLASS_TYPE_PARAMETER_BOUND
                && sort != TypeReference.CLASS_EXTENDS) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid type reference sort 0x"
                    + Integer.toHexString(sort));
        }
        checkTypeRefAndPath(typeRef, typePath);
        CheckMethodAdapter.checkDesc(desc, false);
        return new CheckAnnotationAdapter(super.visitTypeAnnotation(typeRef,
                typePath, desc, visible));
    }

    @Override
    public void visitAttribute(final Attribute attr) {
        checkState();
        if (attr == null) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "Invalid attribute (must not be null)");
        }
        super.visitAttribute(attr);
    }

    @Override
    public void visitEnd() {
        checkState();
        end = true;
        super.visitEnd();
    }

    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------
    // Utility methods
    // ------------------------------------------------------------------------

    Checks that the visit method has been called and that visitEnd has not
been called.
/**
     * Checks that the visit method has been called and that visitEnd has not
     * been called.
     */
    private void checkState() {
        if (!start) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(
                    "Cannot visit member before visit has been called.");
        }
        if (end) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(
                    "Cannot visit member after visitEnd has been called.");
        }
    }

    Checks that the given access flags do not contain invalid flags. This
method also checks that mutually incompatible flags are not set
simultaneously.
Params: access – 
           the access flags to be checked
possibleAccess – 
           the valid access flags./**
     * Checks that the given access flags do not contain invalid flags. This
     * method also checks that mutually incompatible flags are not set
     * simultaneously.
     * 
     * @param access
     *            the access flags to be checked
     * @param possibleAccess
     *            the valid access flags.
     */
    static void checkAccess(final int access, final int possibleAccess) {
        if ((access & ~possibleAccess) != 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid access flags: "
                    + access);
        }
        int pub = (access & Opcodes.ACC_PUBLIC) == 0 ? 0 : 1;
        int pri = (access & Opcodes.ACC_PRIVATE) == 0 ? 0 : 1;
        int pro = (access & Opcodes.ACC_PROTECTED) == 0 ? 0 : 1;
        if (pub + pri + pro > 1) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "public private and protected are mutually exclusive: "
                            + access);
        }
        int fin = (access & Opcodes.ACC_FINAL) == 0 ? 0 : 1;
        int abs = (access & Opcodes.ACC_ABSTRACT) == 0 ? 0 : 1;
        if (fin + abs > 1) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                    "final and abstract are mutually exclusive: " + access);
        }
    }

    Checks a class signature.
Params: signature – 
           a string containing the signature that must be checked./**
     * Checks a class signature.
     * 
     * @param signature
     *            a string containing the signature that must be checked.
     */
    public static void checkClassSignature(final String signature) {
        // ClassSignature:
        // FormalTypeParameters? ClassTypeSignature ClassTypeSignature*

        int pos = 0;
        if (getChar(signature, 0) == '<') {
            pos = checkFormalTypeParameters(signature, pos);
        }
        pos = checkClassTypeSignature(signature, pos);
        while (getChar(signature, pos) == 'L') {
            pos = checkClassTypeSignature(signature, pos);
        }
        if (pos != signature.length()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(signature + ": error at index "
                    + pos);
        }
    }

    Checks a method signature.
Params: signature – 
           a string containing the signature that must be checked./**
     * Checks a method signature.
     * 
     * @param signature
     *            a string containing the signature that must be checked.
     */
    public static void checkMethodSignature(final String signature) {
        // MethodTypeSignature:
        // FormalTypeParameters? ( TypeSignature* ) ( TypeSignature | V ) (
        // ^ClassTypeSignature | ^TypeVariableSignature )*

        int pos = 0;
        if (getChar(signature, 0) == '<') {
            pos = checkFormalTypeParameters(signature, pos);
        }
        pos = checkChar('(', signature, pos);
        while ("ZCBSIFJDL[T".indexOf(getChar(signature, pos)) != -1) {
            pos = checkTypeSignature(signature, pos);
        }
        pos = checkChar(')', signature, pos);
        if (getChar(signature, pos) == 'V') {
            ++pos;
        } else {
            pos = checkTypeSignature(signature, pos);
        }
        while (getChar(signature, pos) == '^') {
            ++pos;
            if (getChar(signature, pos) == 'L') {
                pos = checkClassTypeSignature(signature, pos);
            } else {
                pos = checkTypeVariableSignature(signature, pos);
            }
        }
        if (pos != signature.length()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(signature + ": error at index "
                    + pos);
        }
    }

    Checks a field signature.
Params: signature – 
           a string containing the signature that must be checked./**
     * Checks a field signature.
     * 
     * @param signature
     *            a string containing the signature that must be checked.
     */
    public static void checkFieldSignature(final String signature) {
        int pos = checkFieldTypeSignature(signature, 0);
        if (pos != signature.length()) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(signature + ": error at index "
                    + pos);
        }
    }

    Checks the reference to a type in a type annotation.
Params: typeRef – 
           a reference to an annotated type.
typePath – 
           the path to the annotated type argument, wildcard bound, array
           element type, or static inner type within 'typeRef'. May be
           null if the annotation targets 'typeRef' as a whole./**
     * Checks the reference to a type in a type annotation.
     * 
     * @param typeRef
     *            a reference to an annotated type.
     * @param typePath
     *            the path to the annotated type argument, wildcard bound, array
     *            element type, or static inner type within 'typeRef'. May be
     *            <tt>null</tt> if the annotation targets 'typeRef' as a whole.
     */
    static void checkTypeRefAndPath(int typeRef, TypePath typePath) {
        int mask = 0;
        switch (typeRef >>> 24) {
        case TypeReference.CLASS_TYPE_PARAMETER:
        case TypeReference.METHOD_TYPE_PARAMETER:
        case TypeReference.METHOD_FORMAL_PARAMETER:
            mask = 0xFFFF0000;
            break;
        case TypeReference.FIELD:
        case TypeReference.METHOD_RETURN:
        case TypeReference.METHOD_RECEIVER:
        case TypeReference.LOCAL_VARIABLE:
        case TypeReference.RESOURCE_VARIABLE:
        case TypeReference.INSTANCEOF:
        case TypeReference.NEW:
        case TypeReference.CONSTRUCTOR_REFERENCE:
        case TypeReference.METHOD_REFERENCE:
            mask = 0xFF000000;
            break;
        case TypeReference.CLASS_EXTENDS:
        case TypeReference.CLASS_TYPE_PARAMETER_BOUND:
        case TypeReference.METHOD_TYPE_PARAMETER_BOUND:
        case TypeReference.THROWS:
        case TypeReference.EXCEPTION_PARAMETER:
            mask = 0xFFFFFF00;
            break;
        case TypeReference.CAST:
        case TypeReference.CONSTRUCTOR_INVOCATION_TYPE_ARGUMENT:
        case TypeReference.METHOD_INVOCATION_TYPE_ARGUMENT:
        case TypeReference.CONSTRUCTOR_REFERENCE_TYPE_ARGUMENT:
        case TypeReference.METHOD_REFERENCE_TYPE_ARGUMENT:
            mask = 0xFF0000FF;
            break;
        default:
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid type reference sort 0x"
                    + Integer.toHexString(typeRef >>> 24));
        }
        if ((typeRef & ~mask) != 0) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid type reference 0x"
                    + Integer.toHexString(typeRef));
        }
        if (typePath != null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < typePath.getLength(); ++i) {
                int step = typePath.getStep(i);
                if (step != TypePath.ARRAY_ELEMENT
                        && step != TypePath.INNER_TYPE
                        && step != TypePath.TYPE_ARGUMENT
                        && step != TypePath.WILDCARD_BOUND) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                            "Invalid type path step " + i + " in " + typePath);
                }
                if (step != TypePath.TYPE_ARGUMENT
                        && typePath.getStepArgument(i) != 0) {
                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
                            "Invalid type path step argument for step " + i
                                    + " in " + typePath);
                }
            }
        }
    }

    Checks the formal type parameters of a class or method signature.
Params: signature – 
           a string containing the signature that must be checked.
pos – 
           index of first character to be checked.
Returns: the index of the first character after the checked part./**
     * Checks the formal type parameters of a class or method signature.
     * 
     * @param signature
     *            a string containing the signature that must be checked.
     * @param pos
     *            index of first character to be checked.
     * @return the index of the first character after the checked part.
     */
    private static int checkFormalTypeParameters(final String signature, int pos) {
        // FormalTypeParameters:
        // < FormalTypeParameter+ >

        pos = checkChar('<', signature, pos);
        pos = checkFormalTypeParameter(signature, pos);
        while (getChar(signature, pos) != '>') {
            pos = checkFormalTypeParameter(signature, pos);
        }
        return pos + 1;
    }

    Checks a formal type parameter of a class or method signature.
Params: signature – 
           a string containing the signature that must be checked.
pos – 
           index of first character to be checked.
Returns: the index of the first character after the checked part./**
     * Checks a formal type parameter of a class or method signature.
     * 
     * @param signature
     *            a string containing the signature that must be checked.
     * @param pos
     *            index of first character to be checked.
     * @return the index of the first character after the checked part.
     */
    private static int checkFormalTypeParameter(final String signature, int pos) {
        // FormalTypeParameter:
        // Identifier : FieldTypeSignature? (: FieldTypeSignature)*

        pos = checkIdentifier(signature, pos);
        pos = checkChar(':', signature, pos);
        if ("L[T".indexOf(getChar(signature, pos)) != -1) {
            pos = checkFieldTypeSignature(signature, pos);
        }
        while (getChar(signature, pos) == ':') {
            pos = checkFieldTypeSignature(signature, pos + 1);
        }
        return pos;
    }

    Checks a field type signature.
Params: signature – 
           a string containing the signature that must be checked.
pos – 
           index of first character to be checked.
Returns: the index of the first character after the checked part./**
     * Checks a field type signature.
     * 
     * @param signature
     *            a string containing the signature that must be checked.
     * @param pos
     *            index of first character to be checked.
     * @return the index of the first character after the checked part.
     */
    private static int checkFieldTypeSignature(final String signature, int pos) {
        // FieldTypeSignature:
        // ClassTypeSignature | ArrayTypeSignature | TypeVariableSignature
        //
        // ArrayTypeSignature:
        // [ TypeSignature

        switch (getChar(signature, pos)) {
        case 'L':
            return checkClassTypeSignature(signature, pos);
        case '[':
            return checkTypeSignature(signature, pos + 1);
        default:
            return checkTypeVariableSignature(signature, pos);
        }
    }

    Checks a class type signature.
Params: signature – 
           a string containing the signature that must be checked.
pos – 
           index of first character to be checked.
Returns: the index of the first character after the checked part./**
     * Checks a class type signature.
     * 
     * @param signature
     *            a string containing the signature that must be checked.
     * @param pos
     *            index of first character to be checked.
     * @return the index of the first character after the checked part.
     */
    private static int checkClassTypeSignature(final String signature, int pos) {
        // ClassTypeSignature:
        // L Identifier ( / Identifier )* TypeArguments? ( . Identifier
        // TypeArguments? )* ;

        pos = checkChar('L', signature, pos);
        pos = checkIdentifier(signature, pos);
        while (getChar(signature, pos) == '/') {
            pos = checkIdentifier(signature, pos + 1);
        }
        if (getChar(signature, pos) == '<') {
            pos = checkTypeArguments(signature, pos);
        }
        while (getChar(signature, pos) == '.') {
            pos = checkIdentifier(signature, pos + 1);
            if (getChar(signature, pos) == '<') {
                pos = checkTypeArguments(signature, pos);
            }
        }
        return checkChar(';', signature, pos);
    }

    Checks the type arguments in a class type signature.
Params: signature – 
           a string containing the signature that must be checked.
pos – 
           index of first character to be checked.
Returns: the index of the first character after the checked part./**
     * Checks the type arguments in a class type signature.
     * 
     * @param signature
     *            a string containing the signature that must be checked.
     * @param pos
     *            index of first character to be checked.
     * @return the index of the first character after the checked part.
     */
    private static int checkTypeArguments(final String signature, int pos) {
        // TypeArguments:
        // < TypeArgument+ >

        pos = checkChar('<', signature, pos);
        pos = checkTypeArgument(signature, pos);
        while (getChar(signature, pos) != '>') {
            pos = checkTypeArgument(signature, pos);
        }
        return pos + 1;
    }

    Checks a type argument in a class type signature.
Params: signature – 
           a string containing the signature that must be checked.
pos – 
           index of first character to be checked.
Returns: the index of the first character after the checked part./**
     * Checks a type argument in a class type signature.
     * 
     * @param signature
     *            a string containing the signature that must be checked.
     * @param pos
     *            index of first character to be checked.
     * @return the index of the first character after the checked part.
     */
    private static int checkTypeArgument(final String signature, int pos) {
        // TypeArgument:
        // * | ( ( + | - )? FieldTypeSignature )

        char c = getChar(signature, pos);
        if (c == '*') {
            return pos + 1;
        } else if (c == '+' || c == '-') {
            pos++;
        }
        return checkFieldTypeSignature(signature, pos);
    }

    Checks a type variable signature.
Params: signature – 
           a string containing the signature that must be checked.
pos – 
           index of first character to be checked.
Returns: the index of the first character after the checked part./**
     * Checks a type variable signature.
     * 
     * @param signature
     *            a string containing the signature that must be checked.
     * @param pos
     *            index of first character to be checked.
     * @return the index of the first character after the checked part.
     */
    private static int checkTypeVariableSignature(final String signature,
            int pos) {
        // TypeVariableSignature:
        // T Identifier ;

        pos = checkChar('T', signature, pos);
        pos = checkIdentifier(signature, pos);
        return checkChar(';', signature, pos);
    }

    Checks a type signature.
Params: signature – 
           a string containing the signature that must be checked.
pos – 
           index of first character to be checked.
Returns: the index of the first character after the checked part./**
     * Checks a type signature.
     * 
     * @param signature
     *            a string containing the signature that must be checked.
     * @param pos
     *            index of first character to be checked.
     * @return the index of the first character after the checked part.
     */
    private static int checkTypeSignature(final String signature, int pos) {
        // TypeSignature:
        // Z | C | B | S | I | F | J | D | FieldTypeSignature

        switch (getChar(signature, pos)) {
        case 'Z':
        case 'C':
        case 'B':
        case 'S':
        case 'I':
        case 'F':
        case 'J':
        case 'D':
            return pos + 1;
        default:
            return checkFieldTypeSignature(signature, pos);
        }
    }

    Checks an identifier.
Params: signature – 
           a string containing the signature that must be checked.
pos – 
           index of first character to be checked.
Returns: the index of the first character after the checked part./**
     * Checks an identifier.
     * 
     * @param signature
     *            a string containing the signature that must be checked.
     * @param pos
     *            index of first character to be checked.
     * @return the index of the first character after the checked part.
     */
    private static int checkIdentifier(final String signature, int pos) {
        if (!Character.isJavaIdentifierStart(getChar(signature, pos))) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(signature
                    + ": identifier expected at index " + pos);
        }
        ++pos;
        while (Character.isJavaIdentifierPart(getChar(signature, pos))) {
            ++pos;
        }
        return pos;
    }

    Checks a single character.
Params: signature – 
           a string containing the signature that must be checked.
pos – 
           index of first character to be checked.
Returns: the index of the first character after the checked part./**
     * Checks a single character.
     * 
     * @param signature
     *            a string containing the signature that must be checked.
     * @param pos
     *            index of first character to be checked.
     * @return the index of the first character after the checked part.
     */
    private static int checkChar(final char c, final String signature, int pos) {
        if (getChar(signature, pos) == c) {
            return pos + 1;
        }
        throw new IllegalArgumentException(signature + ": '" + c
                + "' expected at index " + pos);
    }

    Returns the signature car at the given index.
Params: signature – 
           a signature.
pos – 
           an index in signature.
Returns: the character at the given index, or 0 if there is no such
        character./**
     * Returns the signature car at the given index.
     * 
     * @param signature
     *            a signature.
     * @param pos
     *            an index in signature.
     * @return the character at the given index, or 0 if there is no such
     *         character.
     */
    private static char getChar(final String signature, int pos) {
        return pos < signature.length() ? signature.charAt(pos) : (char) 0;
    }
}
Params:	args – the command line arguments.
Throws:	Exception – if the class cannot be found, or if an IO exception occurs.
Params:	cv – the class visitor to which this adapter must delegate calls. checkDataFlow – `true` to perform basic data flow checks, or `false` to not perform any data flow check (see `CheckMethodAdapter`). This option requires valid maxLocals and maxStack values.
Throws:	IllegalStateException – If a subclass calls this constructor.
Params:	signature – a string containing the signature that must be checked. pos – index of first character to be checked.
Returns:	the index of the first character after the checked part.
Params:	signature – a signature. pos – an index in signature.
Returns:	the character at the given index, or 0 if there is no such character.
/

org.ow2.asm/ asm-tree/ 5.2/ org/objectweb/asm/util/CheckClassAdapter.java
