/*
 *  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
 *  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
 *  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
 *  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 *  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
 *  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 *  limitations under the License.
 *
 */
package org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
import java.nio.channels.SeekableByteChannel;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
import java.util.Calendar;
import java.util.EnumSet;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.zip.Deflater;
import java.util.zip.ZipException;

import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.ArchiveEntry;
import org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.ArchiveOutputStream;
import org.apache.commons.compress.utils.IOUtils;

import static org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip.ZipConstants.DATA_DESCRIPTOR_MIN_VERSION;
import static org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip.ZipConstants.DEFLATE_MIN_VERSION;
import static org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip.ZipConstants.DWORD;
import static org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip.ZipConstants.INITIAL_VERSION;
import static org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip.ZipConstants.SHORT;
import static org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip.ZipConstants.WORD;
import static org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip.ZipConstants.ZIP64_MAGIC;
import static org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip.ZipConstants.ZIP64_MAGIC_SHORT;
import static org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip.ZipConstants.ZIP64_MIN_VERSION;
import static org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip.ZipLong.putLong;
import static org.apache.commons.compress.archivers.zip.ZipShort.putShort;

Reimplementation of 
java.util.zip.ZipOutputStream that does handle the extended functionality of this package, especially internal/external file attributes and extra fields with different layouts for local file data and central directory entries. 
This class will try to use SeekableByteChannel when it knows that the output is going to go to a file and no split archive shall be created.
If SeekableByteChannel cannot be used, this implementation will use a Data Descriptor to store size and CRC information for DEFLATED entries, this means, you don't need to calculate them yourself. Unfortunately this is not possible for the STORED method, here setting the CRC and uncompressed size information is required before putArchiveEntry(ArchiveEntry) can be called.
As of Apache Commons Compress 1.3 it transparently supports Zip64 extensions and thus individual entries and archives larger than 4 GB or with more than 65536 entries in most cases but explicit control is provided via setUseZip64. If the stream can not use SeekableByteChannel and you try to write a ZipArchiveEntry of unknown size then Zip64 extensions will be disabled by default.
@NotThreadSafe
/**
 * Reimplementation of {@link java.util.zip.ZipOutputStream
 * java.util.zip.ZipOutputStream} that does handle the extended
 * functionality of this package, especially internal/external file
 * attributes and extra fields with different layouts for local file
 * data and central directory entries.
 *
 * <p>This class will try to use {@link
 * java.nio.channels.SeekableByteChannel} when it knows that the
 * output is going to go to a file and no split archive shall be
 * created.</p>
 *
 * <p>If SeekableByteChannel cannot be used, this implementation will use
 * a Data Descriptor to store size and CRC information for {@link
 * #DEFLATED DEFLATED} entries, this means, you don't need to
 * calculate them yourself.  Unfortunately this is not possible for
 * the {@link #STORED STORED} method, here setting the CRC and
 * uncompressed size information is required before {@link
 * #putArchiveEntry(ArchiveEntry)} can be called.</p>
 *
 * <p>As of Apache Commons Compress 1.3 it transparently supports Zip64
 * extensions and thus individual entries and archives larger than 4
 * GB or with more than 65536 entries in most cases but explicit
 * control is provided via {@link #setUseZip64}.  If the stream can not
 * use SeekableByteChannel and you try to write a ZipArchiveEntry of
 * unknown size then Zip64 extensions will be disabled by default.</p>
 *
 * @NotThreadSafe
 */
public class ZipArchiveOutputStream extends ArchiveOutputStream {

    static final int BUFFER_SIZE = 512;
    private static final int LFH_SIG_OFFSET = 0;
    private static final int LFH_VERSION_NEEDED_OFFSET = 4;
    private static final int LFH_GPB_OFFSET = 6;
    private static final int LFH_METHOD_OFFSET = 8;
    private static final int LFH_TIME_OFFSET = 10;
    private static final int LFH_CRC_OFFSET = 14;
    private static final int LFH_COMPRESSED_SIZE_OFFSET = 18;
    private static final int LFH_ORIGINAL_SIZE_OFFSET = 22;
    private static final int LFH_FILENAME_LENGTH_OFFSET = 26;
    private static final int LFH_EXTRA_LENGTH_OFFSET = 28;
    private static final int LFH_FILENAME_OFFSET = 30;
    private static final int CFH_SIG_OFFSET = 0;
    private static final int CFH_VERSION_MADE_BY_OFFSET = 4;
    private static final int CFH_VERSION_NEEDED_OFFSET = 6;
    private static final int CFH_GPB_OFFSET = 8;
    private static final int CFH_METHOD_OFFSET = 10;
    private static final int CFH_TIME_OFFSET = 12;
    private static final int CFH_CRC_OFFSET = 16;
    private static final int CFH_COMPRESSED_SIZE_OFFSET = 20;
    private static final int CFH_ORIGINAL_SIZE_OFFSET = 24;
    private static final int CFH_FILENAME_LENGTH_OFFSET = 28;
    private static final int CFH_EXTRA_LENGTH_OFFSET = 30;
    private static final int CFH_COMMENT_LENGTH_OFFSET = 32;
    private static final int CFH_DISK_NUMBER_OFFSET = 34;
    private static final int CFH_INTERNAL_ATTRIBUTES_OFFSET = 36;
    private static final int CFH_EXTERNAL_ATTRIBUTES_OFFSET = 38;
    private static final int CFH_LFH_OFFSET = 42;
    private static final int CFH_FILENAME_OFFSET = 46;

    
indicates if this archive is finished. protected for use in Jar implementation /** indicates if this archive is finished. protected for use in Jar implementation */
    protected boolean finished = false;

    
Compression method for deflated entries.
/**
     * Compression method for deflated entries.
     */
    public static final int DEFLATED = java.util.zip.ZipEntry.DEFLATED;

    
Default compression level for deflated entries.
/**
     * Default compression level for deflated entries.
     */
    public static final int DEFAULT_COMPRESSION = Deflater.DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;

    
Compression method for stored entries.
/**
     * Compression method for stored entries.
     */
    public static final int STORED = java.util.zip.ZipEntry.STORED;

    
default encoding for file names and comment.
/**
     * default encoding for file names and comment.
     */
    static final String DEFAULT_ENCODING = ZipEncodingHelper.UTF8;

    
General purpose flag, which indicates that file names are
written in UTF-8.
Deprecated:
use GeneralPurposeBit.UFT8_NAMES_FLAG instead/**
     * General purpose flag, which indicates that file names are
     * written in UTF-8.
     * @deprecated use {@link GeneralPurposeBit#UFT8_NAMES_FLAG} instead
     */
    @Deprecated
    public static final int EFS_FLAG = GeneralPurposeBit.UFT8_NAMES_FLAG;

    private static final byte[] EMPTY = new byte[0];

    
Current entry.
/**
     * Current entry.
     */
    private CurrentEntry entry;

    
The file comment.
/**
     * The file comment.
     */
    private String comment = "";

    
Compression level for next entry.
/**
     * Compression level for next entry.
     */
    private int level = DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;

    
Has the compression level changed when compared to the last
entry?
/**
     * Has the compression level changed when compared to the last
     * entry?
     */
    private boolean hasCompressionLevelChanged = false;

    
Default compression method for next entry.
/**
     * Default compression method for next entry.
     */
    private int method = java.util.zip.ZipEntry.DEFLATED;

    
List of ZipArchiveEntries written so far.
/**
     * List of ZipArchiveEntries written so far.
     */
    private final List<ZipArchiveEntry> entries =
        new LinkedList<>();

    private final StreamCompressor streamCompressor;

    
Start of central directory.
/**
     * Start of central directory.
     */
    private long cdOffset = 0;

    
Length of central directory.
/**
     * Length of central directory.
     */
    private long cdLength = 0;

    
Disk number start of central directory.
/**
     * Disk number start of central directory.
     */
    private long cdDiskNumberStart = 0;

    
Length of end of central directory
/**
     * Length of end of central directory
     */
    private long eocdLength = 0;

    
Helper, a 0 as ZipShort.
/**
     * Helper, a 0 as ZipShort.
     */
    private static final byte[] ZERO = {0, 0};

    
Helper, a 0 as ZipLong.
/**
     * Helper, a 0 as ZipLong.
     */
    private static final byte[] LZERO = {0, 0, 0, 0};

    private static final byte[] ONE = ZipLong.getBytes(1L);

    
Holds some book-keeping data for each entry.
/**
     * Holds some book-keeping data for each entry.
     */
    private final Map<ZipArchiveEntry, EntryMetaData> metaData =
        new HashMap<>();

    
The encoding to use for file names and the file comment.
For a list of possible values see http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/guide/intl/encoding.doc.html.
Defaults to UTF-8.
/**
     * The encoding to use for file names and the file comment.
     *
     * <p>For a list of possible values see <a
     * href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/guide/intl/encoding.doc.html">http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/guide/intl/encoding.doc.html</a>.
     * Defaults to UTF-8.</p>
     */
    private String encoding = DEFAULT_ENCODING;

    
The zip encoding to use for file names and the file comment. This field is of internal use and will be set in setEncoding(String). /**
     * The zip encoding to use for file names and the file comment.
     *
     * This field is of internal use and will be set in {@link
     * #setEncoding(String)}.
     */
    private ZipEncoding zipEncoding =
        ZipEncodingHelper.getZipEncoding(DEFAULT_ENCODING);


    
This Deflater object is used for output.
/**
     * This Deflater object is used for output.
     *
     */
    protected final Deflater def;
    
Optional random access output.
/**
     * Optional random access output.
     */
    private final SeekableByteChannel channel;

    private final OutputStream out;

    
whether to use the general purpose bit flag when writing UTF-8
file names or not.
/**
     * whether to use the general purpose bit flag when writing UTF-8
     * file names or not.
     */
    private boolean useUTF8Flag = true;

    
Whether to encode non-encodable file names as UTF-8.
/**
     * Whether to encode non-encodable file names as UTF-8.
     */
    private boolean fallbackToUTF8 = false;

    
whether to create UnicodePathExtraField-s for each entry.
/**
     * whether to create UnicodePathExtraField-s for each entry.
     */
    private UnicodeExtraFieldPolicy createUnicodeExtraFields = UnicodeExtraFieldPolicy.NEVER;

    
Whether anything inside this archive has used a ZIP64 feature.
Since:
1.3/**
     * Whether anything inside this archive has used a ZIP64 feature.
     *
     * @since 1.3
     */
    private boolean hasUsedZip64 = false;

    private Zip64Mode zip64Mode = Zip64Mode.AsNeeded;

    private final byte[] copyBuffer = new byte[32768];
    private final Calendar calendarInstance = Calendar.getInstance();

    
Whether we are creating a split zip
/**
     * Whether we are creating a split zip
     */
    private final boolean isSplitZip;

    
Holds the number of Central Directories on each disk, this is used
when writing Zip64 End Of Central Directory and End Of Central Directory
/**
     * Holds the number of Central Directories on each disk, this is used
     * when writing Zip64 End Of Central Directory and End Of Central Directory
     */
    private final Map<Integer, Integer> numberOfCDInDiskData = new HashMap<>();

    
Creates a new ZIP OutputStream filtering the underlying stream.
Params:
out – the outputstream to zip/**
     * Creates a new ZIP OutputStream filtering the underlying stream.
     * @param out the outputstream to zip
     */
    public ZipArchiveOutputStream(final OutputStream out) {
        this.out = out;
        this.channel = null;
        def = new Deflater(level, true);
        streamCompressor = StreamCompressor.create(out, def);
        isSplitZip = false;
    }

    
Creates a new ZIP OutputStream writing to a File.  Will use
random access if possible.
Params:
file – the file to zip to
Throws:
IOException – on error/**
     * Creates a new ZIP OutputStream writing to a File.  Will use
     * random access if possible.
     * @param file the file to zip to
     * @throws IOException on error
     */
    public ZipArchiveOutputStream(final File file) throws IOException {
        def = new Deflater(level, true);
        OutputStream o = null;
        SeekableByteChannel _channel = null;
        StreamCompressor _streamCompressor = null;
        try {
            _channel = Files.newByteChannel(file.toPath(),
                EnumSet.of(StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.WRITE,
                           StandardOpenOption.READ,
                           StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING));
            // will never get opened properly when an exception is thrown so doesn't need to get closed
            _streamCompressor = StreamCompressor.create(_channel, def); //NOSONAR
        } catch (final IOException e) { // NOSONAR
            IOUtils.closeQuietly(_channel);
            _channel = null;
            o = new FileOutputStream(file);
            _streamCompressor = StreamCompressor.create(o, def);
        }
        out = o;
        channel = _channel;
        streamCompressor = _streamCompressor;
        isSplitZip = false;
    }

    
Creates a split ZIP Archive.
The files making up the archive will use Z01, Z02, ... extensions and the last part of it will be the given 
file.
Even though the stream writes to a file this stream will
behave as if no random access was possible. This means the
sizes of stored entries need to be known before the actual
entry data is written.
Params:
file – the file that will become the last part of the split archive
zipSplitSize – maximum size of a single part of the split
archive created by this stream. Must be between 64kB and about
4GB.
Throws:
IOException – on error
IllegalArgumentException – if zipSplitSize is not in the required range
Since:
1.20/**
     * Creates a split ZIP Archive.
     *
     * <p>The files making up the archive will use Z01, Z02,
     * ... extensions and the last part of it will be the given {@code
     * file}.</p>
     *
     * <p>Even though the stream writes to a file this stream will
     * behave as if no random access was possible. This means the
     * sizes of stored entries need to be known before the actual
     * entry data is written.</p>
     *
     * @param file the file that will become the last part of the split archive
     * @param zipSplitSize maximum size of a single part of the split
     * archive created by this stream. Must be between 64kB and about
     * 4GB.
     *
     * @throws IOException on error
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if zipSplitSize is not in the required range
     * @since 1.20
     */
    public ZipArchiveOutputStream(final File file, final long zipSplitSize) throws IOException {
        def = new Deflater(level, true);
        this.out = new ZipSplitOutputStream(file, zipSplitSize);
        streamCompressor = StreamCompressor.create(this.out, def);
        channel = null;
        isSplitZip = true;
    }

    
Creates a new ZIP OutputStream writing to a SeekableByteChannel.
SeekableInMemoryByteChannel allows you to write to an in-memory archive using random access.
Params:
channel – the channel to zip to
Throws:
IOException – on error
Since:
1.13/**
     * Creates a new ZIP OutputStream writing to a SeekableByteChannel.
     *
     * <p>{@link
     * org.apache.commons.compress.utils.SeekableInMemoryByteChannel}
     * allows you to write to an in-memory archive using random
     * access.</p>
     *
     * @param channel the channel to zip to
     * @throws IOException on error
     * @since 1.13
     */
    public ZipArchiveOutputStream(SeekableByteChannel channel) throws IOException {
        this.channel = channel;
        def = new Deflater(level, true);
        streamCompressor = StreamCompressor.create(channel, def);
        out = null;
        isSplitZip = false;
    }

    
This method indicates whether this archive is writing to a
seekable stream (i.e., to a random access file).
For seekable streams, you don't need to calculate the CRC or uncompressed size for STORED entries before invoking putArchiveEntry(ArchiveEntry). 
Returns:
true if seekable/**
     * This method indicates whether this archive is writing to a
     * seekable stream (i.e., to a random access file).
     *
     * <p>For seekable streams, you don't need to calculate the CRC or
     * uncompressed size for {@link #STORED} entries before
     * invoking {@link #putArchiveEntry(ArchiveEntry)}.
     * @return true if seekable
     */
    public boolean isSeekable() {
        return channel != null;
    }

    
The encoding to use for file names and the file comment.
For a list of possible values see http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/guide/intl/encoding.doc.html.
Defaults to UTF-8.
Params:
encoding – the encoding to use for file names, use null
for the platform's default encoding/**
     * The encoding to use for file names and the file comment.
     *
     * <p>For a list of possible values see <a
     * href="http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/guide/intl/encoding.doc.html">http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/guide/intl/encoding.doc.html</a>.
     * Defaults to UTF-8.</p>
     * @param encoding the encoding to use for file names, use null
     * for the platform's default encoding
     */
    public void setEncoding(final String encoding) {
        this.encoding = encoding;
        this.zipEncoding = ZipEncodingHelper.getZipEncoding(encoding);
        if (useUTF8Flag && !ZipEncodingHelper.isUTF8(encoding)) {
            useUTF8Flag = false;
        }
    }

    
The encoding to use for file names and the file comment.
Returns:
null if using the platform's default character encoding./**
     * The encoding to use for file names and the file comment.
     *
     * @return null if using the platform's default character encoding.
     */
    public String getEncoding() {
        return encoding;
    }

    
Whether to set the language encoding flag if the file name
encoding is UTF-8.
Defaults to true.
Params:
b – whether to set the language encoding flag if the file
name encoding is UTF-8/**
     * Whether to set the language encoding flag if the file name
     * encoding is UTF-8.
     *
     * <p>Defaults to true.</p>
     *
     * @param b whether to set the language encoding flag if the file
     * name encoding is UTF-8
     */
    public void setUseLanguageEncodingFlag(final boolean b) {
        useUTF8Flag = b && ZipEncodingHelper.isUTF8(encoding);
    }

    
Whether to create Unicode Extra Fields.
Defaults to NEVER.
Params:
b – whether to create Unicode Extra Fields./**
     * Whether to create Unicode Extra Fields.
     *
     * <p>Defaults to NEVER.</p>
     *
     * @param b whether to create Unicode Extra Fields.
     */
    public void setCreateUnicodeExtraFields(final UnicodeExtraFieldPolicy b) {
        createUnicodeExtraFields = b;
    }

    
Whether to fall back to UTF and the language encoding flag if
the file name cannot be encoded using the specified encoding.
Defaults to false.
Params:
b – whether to fall back to UTF and the language encoding
flag if the file name cannot be encoded using the specified
encoding./**
     * Whether to fall back to UTF and the language encoding flag if
     * the file name cannot be encoded using the specified encoding.
     *
     * <p>Defaults to false.</p>
     *
     * @param b whether to fall back to UTF and the language encoding
     * flag if the file name cannot be encoded using the specified
     * encoding.
     */
    public void setFallbackToUTF8(final boolean b) {
        fallbackToUTF8 = b;
    }

    
Whether Zip64 extensions will be used.
When setting the mode to Never, putArchiveEntry, closeArchiveEntry, finish or close may throw a Zip64RequiredException if the entry's size or the total size of the archive exceeds 4GB or there are more than 65536 entries inside the archive. Any archive created in this mode will be readable by implementations that don't support Zip64.
When setting the mode to Always, Zip64 extensions will be used for all entries. Any archive created in this mode may be unreadable by implementations that don't support Zip64 even if all its contents would be.
When setting the mode to 
AsNeeded, Zip64 extensions will transparently be used for those entries that require them. This mode can only be used if the uncompressed size of the ZipArchiveEntry is known when calling putArchiveEntry or the archive is written to a seekable output (i.e. you have used the File-arg constructor) - this mode is not valid when the output stream is not seekable and the uncompressed size is unknown when putArchiveEntry is called.
If no entry inside the resulting archive requires Zip64 extensions then Never will create the smallest archive. AsNeeded will create a slightly bigger archive if the uncompressed size of any entry has initially been unknown and create an archive identical to Never otherwise. Always will create an archive that is at least 24 bytes per entry bigger than the one Never would create.
Defaults to AsNeeded unless putArchiveEntry is called with an entry of unknown size and data is written to a non-seekable stream - in this case the default is Never.
Params:
mode – Whether Zip64 extensions will be used.
Since:
1.3/**
     * Whether Zip64 extensions will be used.
     *
     * <p>When setting the mode to {@link Zip64Mode#Never Never},
     * {@link #putArchiveEntry}, {@link #closeArchiveEntry}, {@link
     * #finish} or {@link #close} may throw a {@link
     * Zip64RequiredException} if the entry's size or the total size
     * of the archive exceeds 4GB or there are more than 65536 entries
     * inside the archive.  Any archive created in this mode will be
     * readable by implementations that don't support Zip64.</p>
     *
     * <p>When setting the mode to {@link Zip64Mode#Always Always},
     * Zip64 extensions will be used for all entries.  Any archive
     * created in this mode may be unreadable by implementations that
     * don't support Zip64 even if all its contents would be.</p>
     *
     * <p>When setting the mode to {@link Zip64Mode#AsNeeded
     * AsNeeded}, Zip64 extensions will transparently be used for
     * those entries that require them.  This mode can only be used if
     * the uncompressed size of the {@link ZipArchiveEntry} is known
     * when calling {@link #putArchiveEntry} or the archive is written
     * to a seekable output (i.e. you have used the {@link
     * #ZipArchiveOutputStream(java.io.File) File-arg constructor}) -
     * this mode is not valid when the output stream is not seekable
     * and the uncompressed size is unknown when {@link
     * #putArchiveEntry} is called.</p>
     *
     * <p>If no entry inside the resulting archive requires Zip64
     * extensions then {@link Zip64Mode#Never Never} will create the
     * smallest archive.  {@link Zip64Mode#AsNeeded AsNeeded} will
     * create a slightly bigger archive if the uncompressed size of
     * any entry has initially been unknown and create an archive
     * identical to {@link Zip64Mode#Never Never} otherwise.  {@link
     * Zip64Mode#Always Always} will create an archive that is at
     * least 24 bytes per entry bigger than the one {@link
     * Zip64Mode#Never Never} would create.</p>
     *
     * <p>Defaults to {@link Zip64Mode#AsNeeded AsNeeded} unless
     * {@link #putArchiveEntry} is called with an entry of unknown
     * size and data is written to a non-seekable stream - in this
     * case the default is {@link Zip64Mode#Never Never}.</p>
     *
     * @since 1.3
     * @param mode Whether Zip64 extensions will be used.
     */
    public void setUseZip64(final Zip64Mode mode) {
        zip64Mode = mode;
    }

    
{@inheritDoc}
Throws:
Zip64RequiredException – if the archive's size exceeds 4 GByte or there are more than 65535 entries inside the archive and setUseZip64 is Zip64Mode.Never./**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     * @throws Zip64RequiredException if the archive's size exceeds 4
     * GByte or there are more than 65535 entries inside the archive
     * and {@link #setUseZip64} is {@link Zip64Mode#Never}.
     */
    @Override
    public void finish() throws IOException {
        if (finished) {
            throw new IOException("This archive has already been finished");
        }

        if (entry != null) {
            throw new IOException("This archive contains unclosed entries.");
        }

        long cdOverallOffset = streamCompressor.getTotalBytesWritten();
        cdOffset = cdOverallOffset;
        if (isSplitZip) {
            // when creating a split zip, the offset should be
            // the offset to the corresponding segment disk
            ZipSplitOutputStream zipSplitOutputStream = (ZipSplitOutputStream)this.out;
            cdOffset = zipSplitOutputStream.getCurrentSplitSegmentBytesWritten();
            cdDiskNumberStart = zipSplitOutputStream.getCurrentSplitSegmentIndex();
        }
        writeCentralDirectoryInChunks();

        cdLength = streamCompressor.getTotalBytesWritten() - cdOverallOffset;

        // calculate the length of end of central directory, as it may be used in writeZip64CentralDirectory
        final ByteBuffer commentData = this.zipEncoding.encode(comment);
        final long commentLength = (long) commentData.limit() - commentData.position();
        eocdLength = WORD /* length of EOCD_SIG */
                + SHORT /* number of this disk */
                + SHORT /* disk number of start of central directory */
                + SHORT /* total number of entries on this disk */
                + SHORT /* total number of entries */
                + WORD  /* size of central directory */
                + WORD  /* offset of start of central directory */
                + SHORT /* zip comment length */
                + commentLength /* zip comment */;

        writeZip64CentralDirectory();
        writeCentralDirectoryEnd();
        metaData.clear();
        entries.clear();
        streamCompressor.close();
        if (isSplitZip) {
            // trigger the ZipSplitOutputStream to write the final split segment
            out.close();
        }
        finished = true;
    }

    private void writeCentralDirectoryInChunks() throws IOException {
        final int NUM_PER_WRITE = 1000;
        final ByteArrayOutputStream byteArrayOutputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream(70 * NUM_PER_WRITE);
        int count = 0;
        for (final ZipArchiveEntry ze : entries) {
            byteArrayOutputStream.write(createCentralFileHeader(ze));
            if (++count > NUM_PER_WRITE){
                writeCounted(byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray());
                byteArrayOutputStream.reset();
                count = 0;
            }
        }
        writeCounted(byteArrayOutputStream.toByteArray());
    }

    
Writes all necessary data for this entry.
Throws:
IOException – on error
Zip64RequiredException – if the entry's uncompressed or compressed size exceeds 4 GByte and setUseZip64 is Zip64Mode.Never./**
     * Writes all necessary data for this entry.
     * @throws IOException on error
     * @throws Zip64RequiredException if the entry's uncompressed or
     * compressed size exceeds 4 GByte and {@link #setUseZip64}
     * is {@link Zip64Mode#Never}.
     */
    @Override
    public void closeArchiveEntry() throws IOException {
        preClose();

        flushDeflater();

        final long bytesWritten = streamCompressor.getTotalBytesWritten() - entry.dataStart;
        final long realCrc = streamCompressor.getCrc32();
        entry.bytesRead = streamCompressor.getBytesRead();
        final Zip64Mode effectiveMode = getEffectiveZip64Mode(entry.entry);
        final boolean actuallyNeedsZip64 = handleSizesAndCrc(bytesWritten, realCrc, effectiveMode);
        closeEntry(actuallyNeedsZip64, false);
        streamCompressor.reset();
    }

    
Writes all necessary data for this entry.
Params:
phased –              This entry is second phase of a 2-phase zip creation, size, compressed size and crc
                           are known in ZipArchiveEntry
Throws:
IOException –            on error
Zip64RequiredException – if the entry's uncompressed or compressed size exceeds 4 GByte and setUseZip64 is Zip64Mode.Never./**
     * Writes all necessary data for this entry.
     *
     * @param phased              This entry is second phase of a 2-phase zip creation, size, compressed size and crc
     *                            are known in ZipArchiveEntry
     * @throws IOException            on error
     * @throws Zip64RequiredException if the entry's uncompressed or
     *                                compressed size exceeds 4 GByte and {@link #setUseZip64}
     *                                is {@link Zip64Mode#Never}.
     */
    private void closeCopiedEntry(final boolean phased) throws IOException {
        preClose();
        entry.bytesRead = entry.entry.getSize();
        final Zip64Mode effectiveMode = getEffectiveZip64Mode(entry.entry);
        final boolean actuallyNeedsZip64 = checkIfNeedsZip64(effectiveMode);
        closeEntry(actuallyNeedsZip64, phased);
    }

    private void closeEntry(final boolean actuallyNeedsZip64, final boolean phased) throws IOException {
        if (!phased && channel != null) {
            rewriteSizesAndCrc(actuallyNeedsZip64);
        }

        if (!phased) {
            writeDataDescriptor(entry.entry);
        }
        entry = null;
    }

    private void preClose() throws IOException {
        if (finished) {
            throw new IOException("Stream has already been finished");
        }

        if (entry == null) {
            throw new IOException("No current entry to close");
        }

        if (!entry.hasWritten) {
            write(EMPTY, 0, 0);
        }
    }

    
Adds an archive entry with a raw input stream.
If crc, size and compressed size are supplied on the entry, these values will be used as-is.
Zip64 status is re-established based on the settings in this stream, and the supplied value
is ignored.
The entry is put and closed immediately.
Params:
entry – The archive entry to add
rawStream – The raw input stream of a different entry. May be compressed/encrypted.
Throws:
IOException – If copying fails/**
     * Adds an archive entry with a raw input stream.
     *
     * If crc, size and compressed size are supplied on the entry, these values will be used as-is.
     * Zip64 status is re-established based on the settings in this stream, and the supplied value
     * is ignored.
     *
     * The entry is put and closed immediately.
     *
     * @param entry The archive entry to add
     * @param rawStream The raw input stream of a different entry. May be compressed/encrypted.
     * @throws IOException If copying fails
     */
    public void addRawArchiveEntry(final ZipArchiveEntry entry, final InputStream rawStream)
            throws IOException {
        final ZipArchiveEntry ae = new ZipArchiveEntry(entry);
        if (hasZip64Extra(ae)) {
            // Will be re-added as required. this may make the file generated with this method
            // somewhat smaller than standard mode,
            // since standard mode is unable to remove the zip 64 header.
            ae.removeExtraField(Zip64ExtendedInformationExtraField.HEADER_ID);
        }
        final boolean is2PhaseSource = ae.getCrc() != ZipArchiveEntry.CRC_UNKNOWN
                && ae.getSize() != ArchiveEntry.SIZE_UNKNOWN
                && ae.getCompressedSize() != ArchiveEntry.SIZE_UNKNOWN;
        putArchiveEntry(ae, is2PhaseSource);
        copyFromZipInputStream(rawStream);
        closeCopiedEntry(is2PhaseSource);
    }

    
Ensures all bytes sent to the deflater are written to the stream.
/**
     * Ensures all bytes sent to the deflater are written to the stream.
     */
    private void flushDeflater() throws IOException {
        if (entry.entry.getMethod() == DEFLATED) {
            streamCompressor.flushDeflater();
        }
    }

    
Ensures the current entry's size and CRC information is set to
the values just written, verifies it isn't too big in the
Zip64Mode.Never case and returns whether the entry would
require a Zip64 extra field.
/**
     * Ensures the current entry's size and CRC information is set to
     * the values just written, verifies it isn't too big in the
     * Zip64Mode.Never case and returns whether the entry would
     * require a Zip64 extra field.
     */
    private boolean handleSizesAndCrc(final long bytesWritten, final long crc,
                                      final Zip64Mode effectiveMode)
        throws ZipException {
        if (entry.entry.getMethod() == DEFLATED) {
            /* It turns out def.getBytesRead() returns wrong values if
             * the size exceeds 4 GB on Java < Java7
            entry.entry.setSize(def.getBytesRead());
            */
            entry.entry.setSize(entry.bytesRead);
            entry.entry.setCompressedSize(bytesWritten);
            entry.entry.setCrc(crc);

        } else if (channel == null) {
            if (entry.entry.getCrc() != crc) {
                throw new ZipException("Bad CRC checksum for entry "
                                       + entry.entry.getName() + ": "
                                       + Long.toHexString(entry.entry.getCrc())
                                       + " instead of "
                                       + Long.toHexString(crc));
            }

            if (entry.entry.getSize() != bytesWritten) {
                throw new ZipException("Bad size for entry "
                                       + entry.entry.getName() + ": "
                                       + entry.entry.getSize()
                                       + " instead of "
                                       + bytesWritten);
            }
        } else { /* method is STORED and we used SeekableByteChannel */
            entry.entry.setSize(bytesWritten);
            entry.entry.setCompressedSize(bytesWritten);
            entry.entry.setCrc(crc);
        }

        return checkIfNeedsZip64(effectiveMode);
    }

    
Verifies the sizes aren't too big in the Zip64Mode.Never case
and returns whether the entry would require a Zip64 extra
field.
/**
     * Verifies the sizes aren't too big in the Zip64Mode.Never case
     * and returns whether the entry would require a Zip64 extra
     * field.
     */
    private boolean checkIfNeedsZip64(final Zip64Mode effectiveMode)
            throws ZipException {
        final boolean actuallyNeedsZip64 = isZip64Required(entry.entry, effectiveMode);
        if (actuallyNeedsZip64 && effectiveMode == Zip64Mode.Never) {
            throw new Zip64RequiredException(Zip64RequiredException.getEntryTooBigMessage(entry.entry));
        }
        return actuallyNeedsZip64;
    }

    private boolean isZip64Required(final ZipArchiveEntry entry1, final Zip64Mode requestedMode) {
        return requestedMode == Zip64Mode.Always || isTooLageForZip32(entry1);
    }

    private boolean isTooLageForZip32(final ZipArchiveEntry zipArchiveEntry){
        return zipArchiveEntry.getSize() >= ZIP64_MAGIC || zipArchiveEntry.getCompressedSize() >= ZIP64_MAGIC;
    }

    
When using random access output, write the local file header
and potentiall the ZIP64 extra containing the correct CRC and
compressed/uncompressed sizes.
/**
     * When using random access output, write the local file header
     * and potentiall the ZIP64 extra containing the correct CRC and
     * compressed/uncompressed sizes.
     */
    private void rewriteSizesAndCrc(final boolean actuallyNeedsZip64)
        throws IOException {
        final long save = channel.position();

        channel.position(entry.localDataStart);
        writeOut(ZipLong.getBytes(entry.entry.getCrc()));
        if (!hasZip64Extra(entry.entry) || !actuallyNeedsZip64) {
            writeOut(ZipLong.getBytes(entry.entry.getCompressedSize()));
            writeOut(ZipLong.getBytes(entry.entry.getSize()));
        } else {
            writeOut(ZipLong.ZIP64_MAGIC.getBytes());
            writeOut(ZipLong.ZIP64_MAGIC.getBytes());
        }

        if (hasZip64Extra(entry.entry)) {
            final ByteBuffer name = getName(entry.entry);
            final int nameLen = name.limit() - name.position();
            // seek to ZIP64 extra, skip header and size information
            channel.position(entry.localDataStart + 3 * WORD + 2 * SHORT
                             + nameLen + 2 * SHORT);
            // inside the ZIP64 extra uncompressed size comes
            // first, unlike the LFH, CD or data descriptor
            writeOut(ZipEightByteInteger.getBytes(entry.entry.getSize()));
            writeOut(ZipEightByteInteger.getBytes(entry.entry.getCompressedSize()));

            if (!actuallyNeedsZip64) {
                // do some cleanup:
                // * rewrite version needed to extract
                channel.position(entry.localDataStart  - 5 * SHORT);
                writeOut(ZipShort.getBytes(versionNeededToExtract(entry.entry.getMethod(), false, false)));

                // * remove ZIP64 extra so it doesn't get written
                //   to the central directory
                entry.entry.removeExtraField(Zip64ExtendedInformationExtraField
                                             .HEADER_ID);
                entry.entry.setExtra();

                // * reset hasUsedZip64 if it has been set because
                //   of this entry
                if (entry.causedUseOfZip64) {
                    hasUsedZip64 = false;
                }
            }
        }
        channel.position(save);
    }

    
{@inheritDoc}
Throws:
ClassCastException – if entry is not an instance of ZipArchiveEntry
Zip64RequiredException – if the entry's uncompressed or compressed size is known to exceed 4 GByte and setUseZip64 is Zip64Mode.Never./**
     * {@inheritDoc}
     * @throws ClassCastException if entry is not an instance of ZipArchiveEntry
     * @throws Zip64RequiredException if the entry's uncompressed or
     * compressed size is known to exceed 4 GByte and {@link #setUseZip64}
     * is {@link Zip64Mode#Never}.
     */
    @Override
    public void putArchiveEntry(final ArchiveEntry archiveEntry) throws IOException {
        putArchiveEntry(archiveEntry, false);
    }

    
Writes the headers for an archive entry to the output stream. The caller must then write the content to the stream and call closeArchiveEntry() to complete the process. 
Params:
archiveEntry – The archiveEntry
phased – If true size, compressedSize and crc required to be known up-front in the archiveEntry
Throws:
ClassCastException – if entry is not an instance of ZipArchiveEntry
Zip64RequiredException – if the entry's uncompressed or compressed size is known to exceed 4 GByte and setUseZip64 is Zip64Mode.Never./**
     * Writes the headers for an archive entry to the output stream.
     * The caller must then write the content to the stream and call
     * {@link #closeArchiveEntry()} to complete the process.

     * @param archiveEntry The archiveEntry
     * @param phased If true size, compressedSize and crc required to be known up-front in the archiveEntry
     * @throws ClassCastException if entry is not an instance of ZipArchiveEntry
     * @throws Zip64RequiredException if the entry's uncompressed or
     * compressed size is known to exceed 4 GByte and {@link #setUseZip64}
     * is {@link Zip64Mode#Never}.
     */
    private void putArchiveEntry(final ArchiveEntry archiveEntry, final boolean phased) throws IOException {
        if (finished) {
            throw new IOException("Stream has already been finished");
        }

        if (entry != null) {
            closeArchiveEntry();
        }

        entry = new CurrentEntry((ZipArchiveEntry) archiveEntry);
        entries.add(entry.entry);

        setDefaults(entry.entry);

        final Zip64Mode effectiveMode = getEffectiveZip64Mode(entry.entry);
        validateSizeInformation(effectiveMode);

        if (shouldAddZip64Extra(entry.entry, effectiveMode)) {

            final Zip64ExtendedInformationExtraField z64 = getZip64Extra(entry.entry);

            ZipEightByteInteger size;
            ZipEightByteInteger compressedSize;
            if (phased) {
                // sizes are already known
                size = new ZipEightByteInteger(entry.entry.getSize());
                compressedSize = new ZipEightByteInteger(entry.entry.getCompressedSize());
            } else if (entry.entry.getMethod() == STORED
                    && entry.entry.getSize() != ArchiveEntry.SIZE_UNKNOWN) {
                // actually, we already know the sizes
                compressedSize = size = new ZipEightByteInteger(entry.entry.getSize());
            } else {
                // just a placeholder, real data will be in data
                // descriptor or inserted later via SeekableByteChannel
                compressedSize = size = ZipEightByteInteger.ZERO;
            }
            z64.setSize(size);
            z64.setCompressedSize(compressedSize);
            entry.entry.setExtra();
        }

        if (entry.entry.getMethod() == DEFLATED && hasCompressionLevelChanged) {
            def.setLevel(level);
            hasCompressionLevelChanged = false;
        }
        writeLocalFileHeader((ZipArchiveEntry) archiveEntry, phased);
    }

    
Provides default values for compression method and last
modification time.
/**
     * Provides default values for compression method and last
     * modification time.
     */
    private void setDefaults(final ZipArchiveEntry entry) {
        if (entry.getMethod() == -1) { // not specified
            entry.setMethod(method);
        }

        if (entry.getTime() == -1) { // not specified
            entry.setTime(System.currentTimeMillis());
        }
    }

    
Throws an exception if the size is unknown for a stored entry
that is written to a non-seekable output or the entry is too
big to be written without Zip64 extra but the mode has been set
to Never.
/**
     * Throws an exception if the size is unknown for a stored entry
     * that is written to a non-seekable output or the entry is too
     * big to be written without Zip64 extra but the mode has been set
     * to Never.
     */
    private void validateSizeInformation(final Zip64Mode effectiveMode)
        throws ZipException {
        // Size/CRC not required if SeekableByteChannel is used
        if (entry.entry.getMethod() == STORED && channel == null) {
            if (entry.entry.getSize() == ArchiveEntry.SIZE_UNKNOWN) {
                throw new ZipException("Uncompressed size is required for"
                                       + " STORED method when not writing to a"
                                       + " file");
            }
            if (entry.entry.getCrc() == ZipArchiveEntry.CRC_UNKNOWN) {
                throw new ZipException("CRC checksum is required for STORED"
                                       + " method when not writing to a file");
            }
            entry.entry.setCompressedSize(entry.entry.getSize());
        }

        if ((entry.entry.getSize() >= ZIP64_MAGIC
             || entry.entry.getCompressedSize() >= ZIP64_MAGIC)
            && effectiveMode == Zip64Mode.Never) {
            throw new Zip64RequiredException(Zip64RequiredException
                                             .getEntryTooBigMessage(entry.entry));
        }
    }

    
Whether to addd a Zip64 extended information extra field to the
local file header.
Returns true if

mode is Always
or we already know it is going to be needed
or the size is unknown and we can ensure it won't hurt
other implementations if we add it (i.e. we can erase its
usage

/**
     * Whether to addd a Zip64 extended information extra field to the
     * local file header.
     *
     * <p>Returns true if</p>
     *
     * <ul>
     * <li>mode is Always</li>
     * <li>or we already know it is going to be needed</li>
     * <li>or the size is unknown and we can ensure it won't hurt
     * other implementations if we add it (i.e. we can erase its
     * usage</li>
     * </ul>
     */
    private boolean shouldAddZip64Extra(final ZipArchiveEntry entry, final Zip64Mode mode) {
        return mode == Zip64Mode.Always
            || entry.getSize() >= ZIP64_MAGIC
            || entry.getCompressedSize() >= ZIP64_MAGIC
            || (entry.getSize() == ArchiveEntry.SIZE_UNKNOWN
                && channel != null && mode != Zip64Mode.Never);
    }

    
Set the file comment.
Params:
comment – the comment/**
     * Set the file comment.
     * @param comment the comment
     */
    public void setComment(final String comment) {
        this.comment = comment;
    }

    
Sets the compression level for subsequent entries.
Default is Deflater.DEFAULT_COMPRESSION.
Params:
level – the compression level.
Throws:
IllegalArgumentException – if an invalid compression
level is specified./**
     * Sets the compression level for subsequent entries.
     *
     * <p>Default is Deflater.DEFAULT_COMPRESSION.</p>
     * @param level the compression level.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if an invalid compression
     * level is specified.
     */
    public void setLevel(final int level) {
        if (level < Deflater.DEFAULT_COMPRESSION
            || level > Deflater.BEST_COMPRESSION) {
            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid compression level: "
                                               + level);
        }
        if (this.level == level) {
            return;
        }
        hasCompressionLevelChanged = true;
        this.level = level;
    }

    
Sets the default compression method for subsequent entries.
Default is DEFLATED.
Params:
method – an int from java.util.zip.ZipEntry/**
     * Sets the default compression method for subsequent entries.
     *
     * <p>Default is DEFLATED.</p>
     * @param method an <code>int</code> from java.util.zip.ZipEntry
     */
    public void setMethod(final int method) {
        this.method = method;
    }

    
Whether this stream is able to write the given entry.
May return false if it is set up to use encryption or a
compression method that hasn't been implemented yet.
Since:
1.1/**
     * Whether this stream is able to write the given entry.
     *
     * <p>May return false if it is set up to use encryption or a
     * compression method that hasn't been implemented yet.</p>
     * @since 1.1
     */
    @Override
    public boolean canWriteEntryData(final ArchiveEntry ae) {
        if (ae instanceof ZipArchiveEntry) {
            final ZipArchiveEntry zae = (ZipArchiveEntry) ae;
            return zae.getMethod() != ZipMethod.IMPLODING.getCode()
                && zae.getMethod() != ZipMethod.UNSHRINKING.getCode()
                && ZipUtil.canHandleEntryData(zae);
        }
        return false;
    }

    
Writes bytes to ZIP entry.
Params:
b – the byte array to write
offset – the start position to write from
length – the number of bytes to write
Throws:
IOException – on error/**
     * Writes bytes to ZIP entry.
     * @param b the byte array to write
     * @param offset the start position to write from
     * @param length the number of bytes to write
     * @throws IOException on error
     */
    @Override
    public void write(final byte[] b, final int offset, final int length) throws IOException {
        if (entry == null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("No current entry");
        }
        ZipUtil.checkRequestedFeatures(entry.entry);
        final long writtenThisTime = streamCompressor.write(b, offset, length, entry.entry.getMethod());
        count(writtenThisTime);
    }

    
Write bytes to output or random access file.
Params:
data – the byte array to write
Throws:
IOException – on error/**
     * Write bytes to output or random access file.
     * @param data the byte array to write
     * @throws IOException on error
     */
    private void writeCounted(final byte[] data) throws IOException {
        streamCompressor.writeCounted(data);
    }

    private void copyFromZipInputStream(final InputStream src) throws IOException {
        if (entry == null) {
            throw new IllegalStateException("No current entry");
        }
        ZipUtil.checkRequestedFeatures(entry.entry);
        entry.hasWritten = true;
        int length;
        while ((length = src.read(copyBuffer)) >= 0 )
        {
            streamCompressor.writeCounted(copyBuffer, 0, length);
            count( length );
        }
    }

    
Closes this output stream and releases any system resources
associated with the stream.
Throws:
IOException –  if an I/O error occurs.
Zip64RequiredException – if the archive's size exceeds 4 GByte or there are more than 65535 entries inside the archive and setUseZip64 is Zip64Mode.Never./**
     * Closes this output stream and releases any system resources
     * associated with the stream.
     *
     * @throws  IOException  if an I/O error occurs.
     * @throws Zip64RequiredException if the archive's size exceeds 4
     * GByte or there are more than 65535 entries inside the archive
     * and {@link #setUseZip64} is {@link Zip64Mode#Never}.
     */
    @Override
    public void close() throws IOException {
        try {
            if (!finished) {
                finish();
            }
        } finally {
            destroy();
        }
    }

    
Flushes this output stream and forces any buffered output bytes
to be written out to the stream.
Throws:
IOException –  if an I/O error occurs./**
     * Flushes this output stream and forces any buffered output bytes
     * to be written out to the stream.
     *
     * @throws  IOException  if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    @Override
    public void flush() throws IOException {
        if (out != null) {
            out.flush();
        }
    }

    /*
     * Various ZIP constants shared between this class, ZipArchiveInputStream and ZipFile
     */
    
local file header signature
/**
     * local file header signature
     */
    static final byte[] LFH_SIG = ZipLong.LFH_SIG.getBytes(); //NOSONAR
    
data descriptor signature
/**
     * data descriptor signature
     */
    static final byte[] DD_SIG = ZipLong.DD_SIG.getBytes(); //NOSONAR
    
central file header signature
/**
     * central file header signature
     */
    static final byte[] CFH_SIG = ZipLong.CFH_SIG.getBytes(); //NOSONAR
    
end of central dir signature
/**
     * end of central dir signature
     */
    static final byte[] EOCD_SIG = ZipLong.getBytes(0X06054B50L); //NOSONAR
    
ZIP64 end of central dir signature
/**
     * ZIP64 end of central dir signature
     */
    static final byte[] ZIP64_EOCD_SIG = ZipLong.getBytes(0X06064B50L); //NOSONAR
    
ZIP64 end of central dir locator signature
/**
     * ZIP64 end of central dir locator signature
     */
    static final byte[] ZIP64_EOCD_LOC_SIG = ZipLong.getBytes(0X07064B50L); //NOSONAR

    
Writes next block of compressed data to the output stream.
Throws:
IOException – on error/**
     * Writes next block of compressed data to the output stream.
     * @throws IOException on error
     */
    protected final void deflate() throws IOException {
        streamCompressor.deflate();
    }

    
Writes the local file header entry
Params:
ze – the entry to write
Throws:
IOException – on error/**
     * Writes the local file header entry
     * @param ze the entry to write
     * @throws IOException on error
     */
    protected void writeLocalFileHeader(final ZipArchiveEntry ze) throws IOException {
        writeLocalFileHeader(ze, false);
    }

    private void writeLocalFileHeader(final ZipArchiveEntry ze, final boolean phased) throws IOException {
        final boolean encodable = zipEncoding.canEncode(ze.getName());
        final ByteBuffer name = getName(ze);

        if (createUnicodeExtraFields != UnicodeExtraFieldPolicy.NEVER) {
            addUnicodeExtraFields(ze, encodable, name);
        }

        long localHeaderStart = streamCompressor.getTotalBytesWritten();
        if (isSplitZip) {
            // when creating a split zip, the offset should be
            // the offset to the corresponding segment disk
            ZipSplitOutputStream splitOutputStream = (ZipSplitOutputStream)this.out;
            ze.setDiskNumberStart(splitOutputStream.getCurrentSplitSegmentIndex());
            localHeaderStart = splitOutputStream.getCurrentSplitSegmentBytesWritten();
        }

        final byte[] localHeader = createLocalFileHeader(ze, name, encodable, phased, localHeaderStart);
        metaData.put(ze, new EntryMetaData(localHeaderStart, usesDataDescriptor(ze.getMethod(), phased)));
        entry.localDataStart = localHeaderStart + LFH_CRC_OFFSET; // At crc offset
        writeCounted(localHeader);
        entry.dataStart = streamCompressor.getTotalBytesWritten();
    }


    private byte[] createLocalFileHeader(final ZipArchiveEntry ze, final ByteBuffer name, final boolean encodable,
                                         final boolean phased, long archiveOffset) {
        ResourceAlignmentExtraField oldAlignmentEx =
            (ResourceAlignmentExtraField) ze.getExtraField(ResourceAlignmentExtraField.ID);
        if (oldAlignmentEx != null) {
            ze.removeExtraField(ResourceAlignmentExtraField.ID);
        }

        int alignment = ze.getAlignment();
        if (alignment <= 0 && oldAlignmentEx != null) {
            alignment = oldAlignmentEx.getAlignment();
        }

        if (alignment > 1 || (oldAlignmentEx != null && !oldAlignmentEx.allowMethodChange())) {
            int oldLength = LFH_FILENAME_OFFSET +
                            name.limit() - name.position() +
                            ze.getLocalFileDataExtra().length;

            int padding = (int) ((-archiveOffset - oldLength - ZipExtraField.EXTRAFIELD_HEADER_SIZE
                            - ResourceAlignmentExtraField.BASE_SIZE) &
                            (alignment - 1));
            ze.addExtraField(new ResourceAlignmentExtraField(alignment,
                            oldAlignmentEx != null && oldAlignmentEx.allowMethodChange(), padding));
        }

        final byte[] extra = ze.getLocalFileDataExtra();
        final int nameLen = name.limit() - name.position();
        final int len = LFH_FILENAME_OFFSET + nameLen + extra.length;
        final byte[] buf = new byte[len];

        System.arraycopy(LFH_SIG,  0, buf, LFH_SIG_OFFSET, WORD);

        //store method in local variable to prevent multiple method calls
        final int zipMethod = ze.getMethod();
        final boolean dataDescriptor = usesDataDescriptor(zipMethod, phased);

        putShort(versionNeededToExtract(zipMethod, hasZip64Extra(ze), dataDescriptor), buf, LFH_VERSION_NEEDED_OFFSET);

        final GeneralPurposeBit generalPurposeBit = getGeneralPurposeBits(!encodable && fallbackToUTF8, dataDescriptor);
        generalPurposeBit.encode(buf, LFH_GPB_OFFSET);

        // compression method
        putShort(zipMethod, buf, LFH_METHOD_OFFSET);

        ZipUtil.toDosTime(calendarInstance, ze.getTime(), buf, LFH_TIME_OFFSET);

        // CRC
        if (phased){
            putLong(ze.getCrc(), buf, LFH_CRC_OFFSET);
        } else if (zipMethod == DEFLATED || channel != null) {
            System.arraycopy(LZERO, 0, buf, LFH_CRC_OFFSET, WORD);
        } else {
            putLong(ze.getCrc(), buf, LFH_CRC_OFFSET);
        }

        // compressed length
        // uncompressed length
        if (hasZip64Extra(entry.entry)){
            // point to ZIP64 extended information extra field for
            // sizes, may get rewritten once sizes are known if
            // stream is seekable
            ZipLong.ZIP64_MAGIC.putLong(buf, LFH_COMPRESSED_SIZE_OFFSET);
            ZipLong.ZIP64_MAGIC.putLong(buf, LFH_ORIGINAL_SIZE_OFFSET);
        } else if (phased) {
            putLong(ze.getCompressedSize(), buf, LFH_COMPRESSED_SIZE_OFFSET);
            putLong(ze.getSize(), buf, LFH_ORIGINAL_SIZE_OFFSET);
        } else if (zipMethod == DEFLATED || channel != null) {
            System.arraycopy(LZERO, 0, buf, LFH_COMPRESSED_SIZE_OFFSET, WORD);
            System.arraycopy(LZERO, 0, buf, LFH_ORIGINAL_SIZE_OFFSET, WORD);
        } else { // Stored
            putLong(ze.getSize(), buf, LFH_COMPRESSED_SIZE_OFFSET);
            putLong(ze.getSize(), buf, LFH_ORIGINAL_SIZE_OFFSET);
        }
        // file name length
        putShort(nameLen, buf, LFH_FILENAME_LENGTH_OFFSET);

        // extra field length
        putShort(extra.length, buf, LFH_EXTRA_LENGTH_OFFSET);

        // file name
        System.arraycopy( name.array(), name.arrayOffset(), buf, LFH_FILENAME_OFFSET, nameLen);

        // extra fields
        System.arraycopy(extra, 0, buf, LFH_FILENAME_OFFSET + nameLen, extra.length);

        return buf;
    }


    
Adds UnicodeExtra fields for name and file comment if mode is
ALWAYS or the data cannot be encoded using the configured
encoding.
/**
     * Adds UnicodeExtra fields for name and file comment if mode is
     * ALWAYS or the data cannot be encoded using the configured
     * encoding.
     */
    private void addUnicodeExtraFields(final ZipArchiveEntry ze, final boolean encodable,
                                       final ByteBuffer name)
        throws IOException {
        if (createUnicodeExtraFields == UnicodeExtraFieldPolicy.ALWAYS
            || !encodable) {
            ze.addExtraField(new UnicodePathExtraField(ze.getName(),
                                                       name.array(),
                                                       name.arrayOffset(),
                                                       name.limit()
                                                       - name.position()));
        }

        final String comm = ze.getComment();
        if (comm != null && !"".equals(comm)) {

            final boolean commentEncodable = zipEncoding.canEncode(comm);

            if (createUnicodeExtraFields == UnicodeExtraFieldPolicy.ALWAYS
                || !commentEncodable) {
                final ByteBuffer commentB = getEntryEncoding(ze).encode(comm);
                ze.addExtraField(new UnicodeCommentExtraField(comm,
                                                              commentB.array(),
                                                              commentB.arrayOffset(),
                                                              commentB.limit()
                                                              - commentB.position())
                                 );
            }
        }
    }

    
Writes the data descriptor entry.
Params:
ze – the entry to write
Throws:
IOException – on error/**
     * Writes the data descriptor entry.
     * @param ze the entry to write
     * @throws IOException on error
     */
    protected void writeDataDescriptor(final ZipArchiveEntry ze) throws IOException {
        if (!usesDataDescriptor(ze.getMethod(), false)) {
            return;
        }
        writeCounted(DD_SIG);
        writeCounted(ZipLong.getBytes(ze.getCrc()));
        if (!hasZip64Extra(ze)) {
            writeCounted(ZipLong.getBytes(ze.getCompressedSize()));
            writeCounted(ZipLong.getBytes(ze.getSize()));
        } else {
            writeCounted(ZipEightByteInteger.getBytes(ze.getCompressedSize()));
            writeCounted(ZipEightByteInteger.getBytes(ze.getSize()));
        }
    }

    
Writes the central file header entry.
Params:
ze – the entry to write
Throws:
IOException – on error
Zip64RequiredException – if the archive's size exceeds 4 GByte and Zip64Mode.setUseZip64 is Zip64Mode.Never./**
     * Writes the central file header entry.
     * @param ze the entry to write
     * @throws IOException on error
     * @throws Zip64RequiredException if the archive's size exceeds 4
     * GByte and {@link Zip64Mode #setUseZip64} is {@link
     * Zip64Mode#Never}.
     */
    protected void writeCentralFileHeader(final ZipArchiveEntry ze) throws IOException {
        final byte[] centralFileHeader = createCentralFileHeader(ze);
        writeCounted(centralFileHeader);
    }

    private byte[] createCentralFileHeader(final ZipArchiveEntry ze) throws IOException {

        final EntryMetaData entryMetaData = metaData.get(ze);
        final boolean needsZip64Extra = hasZip64Extra(ze)
                || ze.getCompressedSize() >= ZIP64_MAGIC
                || ze.getSize() >= ZIP64_MAGIC
                || entryMetaData.offset >= ZIP64_MAGIC
                || ze.getDiskNumberStart() >= ZIP64_MAGIC_SHORT
                || zip64Mode == Zip64Mode.Always;

        if (needsZip64Extra && zip64Mode == Zip64Mode.Never) {
            // must be the offset that is too big, otherwise an
            // exception would have been throw in putArchiveEntry or
            // closeArchiveEntry
            throw new Zip64RequiredException(Zip64RequiredException
                    .ARCHIVE_TOO_BIG_MESSAGE);
        }


        handleZip64Extra(ze, entryMetaData.offset, needsZip64Extra);

        return createCentralFileHeader(ze, getName(ze), entryMetaData, needsZip64Extra);
    }

    
Writes the central file header entry.
Params:
ze – the entry to write
name – The encoded name
entryMetaData – meta data for this file
Throws:
IOException – on error/**
     * Writes the central file header entry.
     * @param ze the entry to write
     * @param name The encoded name
     * @param entryMetaData meta data for this file
     * @throws IOException on error
     */
    private byte[] createCentralFileHeader(final ZipArchiveEntry ze, final ByteBuffer name,
                                           final EntryMetaData entryMetaData,
                                           final boolean needsZip64Extra) throws IOException {
        if(isSplitZip) {
            // calculate the disk number for every central file header,
            // this will be used in writing End Of Central Directory and Zip64 End Of Central Directory
            int currentSplitSegment = ((ZipSplitOutputStream)this.out).getCurrentSplitSegmentIndex();
            if(numberOfCDInDiskData.get(currentSplitSegment) == null) {
                numberOfCDInDiskData.put(currentSplitSegment, 1);
            } else {
                int originalNumberOfCD = numberOfCDInDiskData.get(currentSplitSegment);
                numberOfCDInDiskData.put(currentSplitSegment, originalNumberOfCD + 1);
            }
        }

        final byte[] extra = ze.getCentralDirectoryExtra();

        // file comment length
        String comm = ze.getComment();
        if (comm == null) {
            comm = "";
        }

        final ByteBuffer commentB = getEntryEncoding(ze).encode(comm);
        final int nameLen = name.limit() - name.position();
        final int commentLen = commentB.limit() - commentB.position();
        final int len= CFH_FILENAME_OFFSET + nameLen + extra.length + commentLen;
        final byte[] buf = new byte[len];

        System.arraycopy(CFH_SIG,  0, buf, CFH_SIG_OFFSET, WORD);

        // version made by
        // CheckStyle:MagicNumber OFF
        putShort((ze.getPlatform() << 8) | (!hasUsedZip64 ? DATA_DESCRIPTOR_MIN_VERSION : ZIP64_MIN_VERSION),
                buf, CFH_VERSION_MADE_BY_OFFSET);

        final int zipMethod = ze.getMethod();
        final boolean encodable = zipEncoding.canEncode(ze.getName());
        putShort(versionNeededToExtract(zipMethod, needsZip64Extra, entryMetaData.usesDataDescriptor),
            buf, CFH_VERSION_NEEDED_OFFSET);
        getGeneralPurposeBits(!encodable && fallbackToUTF8, entryMetaData.usesDataDescriptor).encode(buf, CFH_GPB_OFFSET);

        // compression method
        putShort(zipMethod, buf, CFH_METHOD_OFFSET);


        // last mod. time and date
        ZipUtil.toDosTime(calendarInstance, ze.getTime(), buf, CFH_TIME_OFFSET);

        // CRC
        // compressed length
        // uncompressed length
        putLong(ze.getCrc(), buf, CFH_CRC_OFFSET);
        if (ze.getCompressedSize() >= ZIP64_MAGIC
                || ze.getSize() >= ZIP64_MAGIC
                || zip64Mode == Zip64Mode.Always) {
            ZipLong.ZIP64_MAGIC.putLong(buf, CFH_COMPRESSED_SIZE_OFFSET);
            ZipLong.ZIP64_MAGIC.putLong(buf, CFH_ORIGINAL_SIZE_OFFSET);
        } else {
            putLong(ze.getCompressedSize(), buf, CFH_COMPRESSED_SIZE_OFFSET);
            putLong(ze.getSize(), buf, CFH_ORIGINAL_SIZE_OFFSET);
        }

        putShort(nameLen, buf, CFH_FILENAME_LENGTH_OFFSET);

        // extra field length
        putShort(extra.length, buf, CFH_EXTRA_LENGTH_OFFSET);

        putShort(commentLen, buf, CFH_COMMENT_LENGTH_OFFSET);

        // disk number start
        if(isSplitZip) {
            if (ze.getDiskNumberStart() >= ZIP64_MAGIC_SHORT || zip64Mode == Zip64Mode.Always) {
                putShort(ZIP64_MAGIC_SHORT, buf, CFH_DISK_NUMBER_OFFSET);
            } else {
                putShort((int) ze.getDiskNumberStart(), buf, CFH_DISK_NUMBER_OFFSET);
            }
        } else {
            System.arraycopy(ZERO, 0, buf, CFH_DISK_NUMBER_OFFSET, SHORT);
        }

        // internal file attributes
        putShort(ze.getInternalAttributes(), buf, CFH_INTERNAL_ATTRIBUTES_OFFSET);

        // external file attributes
        putLong(ze.getExternalAttributes(), buf, CFH_EXTERNAL_ATTRIBUTES_OFFSET);

        // relative offset of LFH
        if (entryMetaData.offset >= ZIP64_MAGIC || zip64Mode == Zip64Mode.Always) {
            putLong(ZIP64_MAGIC, buf, CFH_LFH_OFFSET);
        } else {
            putLong(Math.min(entryMetaData.offset, ZIP64_MAGIC), buf, CFH_LFH_OFFSET);
        }

        // file name
        System.arraycopy(name.array(), name.arrayOffset(), buf, CFH_FILENAME_OFFSET, nameLen);

        final int extraStart = CFH_FILENAME_OFFSET + nameLen;
        System.arraycopy(extra, 0, buf, extraStart, extra.length);

        final int commentStart = extraStart + extra.length;

        // file comment
        System.arraycopy(commentB.array(), commentB.arrayOffset(), buf, commentStart, commentLen);
        return buf;
    }

    
If the entry needs Zip64 extra information inside the central
directory then configure its data.
/**
     * If the entry needs Zip64 extra information inside the central
     * directory then configure its data.
     */
    private void handleZip64Extra(final ZipArchiveEntry ze, final long lfhOffset,
                                  final boolean needsZip64Extra) {
        if (needsZip64Extra) {
            final Zip64ExtendedInformationExtraField z64 = getZip64Extra(ze);
            if (ze.getCompressedSize() >= ZIP64_MAGIC
                || ze.getSize() >= ZIP64_MAGIC
                || zip64Mode == Zip64Mode.Always) {
                z64.setCompressedSize(new ZipEightByteInteger(ze.getCompressedSize()));
                z64.setSize(new ZipEightByteInteger(ze.getSize()));
            } else {
                // reset value that may have been set for LFH
                z64.setCompressedSize(null);
                z64.setSize(null);
            }
            if (lfhOffset >= ZIP64_MAGIC || zip64Mode == Zip64Mode.Always) {
                z64.setRelativeHeaderOffset(new ZipEightByteInteger(lfhOffset));
            }
            if (ze.getDiskNumberStart() >= ZIP64_MAGIC_SHORT || zip64Mode == Zip64Mode.Always) {
                z64.setDiskStartNumber(new ZipLong(ze.getDiskNumberStart()));
            }
            ze.setExtra();
        }
    }

    
Writes the "End of central dir record".
Throws:
IOException – on error
Zip64RequiredException – if the archive's size exceeds 4 GByte or there are more than 65535 entries inside the archive and Zip64Mode.setUseZip64 is Zip64Mode.Never./**
     * Writes the &quot;End of central dir record&quot;.
     * @throws IOException on error
     * @throws Zip64RequiredException if the archive's size exceeds 4
     * GByte or there are more than 65535 entries inside the archive
     * and {@link Zip64Mode #setUseZip64} is {@link Zip64Mode#Never}.
     */
    protected void writeCentralDirectoryEnd() throws IOException {
        if(!hasUsedZip64 && isSplitZip) {
            ((ZipSplitOutputStream)this.out).prepareToWriteUnsplittableContent(eocdLength);
        }

        validateIfZip64IsNeededInEOCD();

        writeCounted(EOCD_SIG);

        // number of this disk
        int numberOfThisDisk = 0;
        if(isSplitZip) {
            numberOfThisDisk = ((ZipSplitOutputStream)this.out).getCurrentSplitSegmentIndex();
        }
        writeCounted(ZipShort.getBytes(numberOfThisDisk));

        // disk number of the start of central directory
        writeCounted(ZipShort.getBytes((int)cdDiskNumberStart));

        // number of entries
        final int numberOfEntries = entries.size();

        // total number of entries in the central directory on this disk
        int numOfEntriesOnThisDisk = isSplitZip
            ? (numberOfCDInDiskData.get(numberOfThisDisk) == null ? 0 : numberOfCDInDiskData.get(numberOfThisDisk))
            : numberOfEntries;
        final byte[] numOfEntriesOnThisDiskData = ZipShort
                .getBytes(Math.min(numOfEntriesOnThisDisk, ZIP64_MAGIC_SHORT));
        writeCounted(numOfEntriesOnThisDiskData);

        // number of entries
        final byte[] num = ZipShort.getBytes(Math.min(numberOfEntries,
                ZIP64_MAGIC_SHORT));
        writeCounted(num);

        // length and location of CD
        writeCounted(ZipLong.getBytes(Math.min(cdLength, ZIP64_MAGIC)));
        writeCounted(ZipLong.getBytes(Math.min(cdOffset, ZIP64_MAGIC)));

        // ZIP file comment
        final ByteBuffer data = this.zipEncoding.encode(comment);
        final int dataLen = data.limit() - data.position();
        writeCounted(ZipShort.getBytes(dataLen));
        streamCompressor.writeCounted(data.array(), data.arrayOffset(), dataLen);
    }

    
If the Zip64 mode is set to never, then all the data in End Of Central Directory
should not exceed their limits.
Throws:
Zip64RequiredException – if Zip64 is actually needed/**
     * If the Zip64 mode is set to never, then all the data in End Of Central Directory
     * should not exceed their limits.
     * @throws Zip64RequiredException if Zip64 is actually needed
     */
    private void validateIfZip64IsNeededInEOCD() throws Zip64RequiredException {
        // exception will only be thrown if the Zip64 mode is never while Zip64 is actually needed
        if (zip64Mode != Zip64Mode.Never) {
            return;
        }

        int numberOfThisDisk = 0;
        if (isSplitZip) {
            numberOfThisDisk = ((ZipSplitOutputStream)this.out).getCurrentSplitSegmentIndex();
        }
        if (numberOfThisDisk >= ZIP64_MAGIC_SHORT) {
            throw new Zip64RequiredException(Zip64RequiredException
                    .NUMBER_OF_THIS_DISK_TOO_BIG_MESSAGE);
        }

        if (cdDiskNumberStart >= ZIP64_MAGIC_SHORT) {
            throw new Zip64RequiredException(Zip64RequiredException
                    .NUMBER_OF_THE_DISK_OF_CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_TOO_BIG_MESSAGE);
        }

        final int numOfEntriesOnThisDisk = numberOfCDInDiskData.get(numberOfThisDisk) == null
            ? 0 : numberOfCDInDiskData.get(numberOfThisDisk);
        if (numOfEntriesOnThisDisk >= ZIP64_MAGIC_SHORT) {
            throw new Zip64RequiredException(Zip64RequiredException
                    .TOO_MANY_ENTRIES_ON_THIS_DISK_MESSAGE);
        }

        // number of entries
        if (entries.size() >= ZIP64_MAGIC_SHORT) {
            throw new Zip64RequiredException(Zip64RequiredException
                    .TOO_MANY_ENTRIES_MESSAGE);
        }

        if (cdLength >= ZIP64_MAGIC) {
            throw new Zip64RequiredException(Zip64RequiredException
                    .SIZE_OF_CENTRAL_DIRECTORY_TOO_BIG_MESSAGE);
        }

        if (cdOffset >= ZIP64_MAGIC) {
            throw new Zip64RequiredException(Zip64RequiredException
                    .ARCHIVE_TOO_BIG_MESSAGE);
        }
    }

    
Writes the "ZIP64 End of central dir record" and
"ZIP64 End of central dir locator".
Throws:
IOException – on error
Since:
1.3/**
     * Writes the &quot;ZIP64 End of central dir record&quot; and
     * &quot;ZIP64 End of central dir locator&quot;.
     * @throws IOException on error
     * @since 1.3
     */
    protected void writeZip64CentralDirectory() throws IOException {
        if (zip64Mode == Zip64Mode.Never) {
            return;
        }

        if (!hasUsedZip64 && shouldUseZip64EOCD()) {
            // actually "will use"
            hasUsedZip64 = true;
        }

        if (!hasUsedZip64) {
            return;
        }

        long offset = streamCompressor.getTotalBytesWritten();
        long diskNumberStart = 0L;
        if(isSplitZip) {
            // when creating a split zip, the offset of should be
            // the offset to the corresponding segment disk
            ZipSplitOutputStream zipSplitOutputStream = (ZipSplitOutputStream)this.out;
            offset = zipSplitOutputStream.getCurrentSplitSegmentBytesWritten();
            diskNumberStart = zipSplitOutputStream.getCurrentSplitSegmentIndex();
        }


        writeOut(ZIP64_EOCD_SIG);
        // size of zip64 end of central directory, we don't have any variable length
        // as we don't support the extensible data sector, yet
        writeOut(ZipEightByteInteger
                 .getBytes(SHORT   /* version made by */
                           + SHORT /* version needed to extract */
                           + WORD  /* disk number */
                           + WORD  /* disk with central directory */
                           + DWORD /* number of entries in CD on this disk */
                           + DWORD /* total number of entries */
                           + DWORD /* size of CD */
                           + (long) DWORD /* offset of CD */
                           ));

        // version made by and version needed to extract
        writeOut(ZipShort.getBytes(ZIP64_MIN_VERSION));
        writeOut(ZipShort.getBytes(ZIP64_MIN_VERSION));

        // number of this disk
        int numberOfThisDisk = 0;
        if (isSplitZip) {
            numberOfThisDisk = ((ZipSplitOutputStream)this.out).getCurrentSplitSegmentIndex();
        }
        writeOut(ZipLong.getBytes(numberOfThisDisk));

        // disk number of the start of central directory
        writeOut(ZipLong.getBytes(cdDiskNumberStart));

        // total number of entries in the central directory on this disk
        int numOfEntriesOnThisDisk = isSplitZip
            ? (numberOfCDInDiskData.get(numberOfThisDisk) == null ? 0 : numberOfCDInDiskData.get(numberOfThisDisk))
            : entries.size();
        final byte[] numOfEntriesOnThisDiskData = ZipEightByteInteger.getBytes(numOfEntriesOnThisDisk);
        writeOut(numOfEntriesOnThisDiskData);

        // number of entries
        final byte[] num = ZipEightByteInteger.getBytes(entries.size());
        writeOut(num);

        // length and location of CD
        writeOut(ZipEightByteInteger.getBytes(cdLength));
        writeOut(ZipEightByteInteger.getBytes(cdOffset));

        // no "zip64 extensible data sector" for now

        if(isSplitZip) {
            // based on the zip specification, the End Of Central Directory record and
            // the Zip64 End Of Central Directory locator record must be on the same segment
            final int zip64EOCDLOCLength = WORD  /* length of ZIP64_EOCD_LOC_SIG */
                    + WORD  /* disk number of ZIP64_EOCD_SIG */
                    + DWORD /* offset of ZIP64_EOCD_SIG */
                    + WORD  /* total number of disks */;

            final long unsplittableContentSize = zip64EOCDLOCLength + eocdLength;
            ((ZipSplitOutputStream)this.out).prepareToWriteUnsplittableContent(unsplittableContentSize);
        }

        // and now the "ZIP64 end of central directory locator"
        writeOut(ZIP64_EOCD_LOC_SIG);

        // disk number holding the ZIP64 EOCD record
        writeOut(ZipLong.getBytes(diskNumberStart));
        // relative offset of ZIP64 EOCD record
        writeOut(ZipEightByteInteger.getBytes(offset));
        // total number of disks
        if(isSplitZip) {
            // the Zip64 End Of Central Directory Locator and the End Of Central Directory must be
            // in the same split disk, it means they must be located in the last disk
            final int totalNumberOfDisks = ((ZipSplitOutputStream)this.out).getCurrentSplitSegmentIndex() + 1;
            writeOut(ZipLong.getBytes(totalNumberOfDisks));
        } else {
            writeOut(ONE);
        }
    }

    
4.4.1.4  If one of the fields in the end of central directory
record is too small to hold required data, the field SHOULD be
set to -1 (0xFFFF or 0xFFFFFFFF) and the ZIP64 format record
SHOULD be created.
Returns:
true if zip64 End Of Central Directory is needed/**
     * 4.4.1.4  If one of the fields in the end of central directory
     * record is too small to hold required data, the field SHOULD be
     * set to -1 (0xFFFF or 0xFFFFFFFF) and the ZIP64 format record
     * SHOULD be created.
     * @return true if zip64 End Of Central Directory is needed
     */
    private boolean shouldUseZip64EOCD() {
        int numberOfThisDisk = 0;
        if(isSplitZip) {
            numberOfThisDisk = ((ZipSplitOutputStream)this.out).getCurrentSplitSegmentIndex();
        }
        int numOfEntriesOnThisDisk = numberOfCDInDiskData.get(numberOfThisDisk) == null ? 0 : numberOfCDInDiskData.get(numberOfThisDisk);
        return numberOfThisDisk >= ZIP64_MAGIC_SHORT            /* number of this disk */
                || cdDiskNumberStart >= ZIP64_MAGIC_SHORT       /* number of the disk with the start of the central directory */
                || numOfEntriesOnThisDisk >= ZIP64_MAGIC_SHORT  /* total number of entries in the central directory on this disk */
                || entries.size() >= ZIP64_MAGIC_SHORT          /* total number of entries in the central directory */
                || cdLength >= ZIP64_MAGIC                      /* size of the central directory */
                || cdOffset >= ZIP64_MAGIC;                     /* offset of start of central directory with respect to
                                                                the starting disk number */
    }

    
Write bytes to output or random access file.
Params:
data – the byte array to write
Throws:
IOException – on error/**
     * Write bytes to output or random access file.
     * @param data the byte array to write
     * @throws IOException on error
     */
    protected final void writeOut(final byte[] data) throws IOException {
        streamCompressor.writeOut(data, 0, data.length);
    }


    
Write bytes to output or random access file.
Params:
data – the byte array to write
offset – the start position to write from
length – the number of bytes to write
Throws:
IOException – on error/**
     * Write bytes to output or random access file.
     * @param data the byte array to write
     * @param offset the start position to write from
     * @param length the number of bytes to write
     * @throws IOException on error
     */
    protected final void writeOut(final byte[] data, final int offset, final int length)
            throws IOException {
        streamCompressor.writeOut(data, offset, length);
    }


    private GeneralPurposeBit getGeneralPurposeBits(final boolean utfFallback, boolean usesDataDescriptor) {
        final GeneralPurposeBit b = new GeneralPurposeBit();
        b.useUTF8ForNames(useUTF8Flag || utfFallback);
        if (usesDataDescriptor) {
            b.useDataDescriptor(true);
        }
        return b;
    }

    private int versionNeededToExtract(final int zipMethod, final boolean zip64, final boolean usedDataDescriptor) {
        if (zip64) {
            return ZIP64_MIN_VERSION;
        }
        if (usedDataDescriptor) {
            return DATA_DESCRIPTOR_MIN_VERSION;
        }
        return versionNeededToExtractMethod(zipMethod);
    }

    private boolean usesDataDescriptor(final int zipMethod, boolean phased) {
        return !phased && zipMethod == DEFLATED && channel == null;
    }

    private int versionNeededToExtractMethod(int zipMethod) {
        return zipMethod == DEFLATED ? DEFLATE_MIN_VERSION : INITIAL_VERSION;
    }

    
Creates a new zip entry taking some information from the given
file and using the provided name.
The name will be adjusted to end with a forward slash "/" if
the file is a directory.  If the file is not a directory a
potential trailing forward slash will be stripped from the
entry name.
Must not be used if the stream has already been closed.
/**
     * Creates a new zip entry taking some information from the given
     * file and using the provided name.
     *
     * <p>The name will be adjusted to end with a forward slash "/" if
     * the file is a directory.  If the file is not a directory a
     * potential trailing forward slash will be stripped from the
     * entry name.</p>
     *
     * <p>Must not be used if the stream has already been closed.</p>
     */
    @Override
    public ArchiveEntry createArchiveEntry(final File inputFile, final String entryName)
        throws IOException {
        if (finished) {
            throw new IOException("Stream has already been finished");
        }
        return new ZipArchiveEntry(inputFile, entryName);
    }

    
Get the existing ZIP64 extended information extra field or
create a new one and add it to the entry.
Since:
1.3/**
     * Get the existing ZIP64 extended information extra field or
     * create a new one and add it to the entry.
     *
     * @since 1.3
     */
    private Zip64ExtendedInformationExtraField
        getZip64Extra(final ZipArchiveEntry ze) {
        if (entry != null) {
            entry.causedUseOfZip64 = !hasUsedZip64;
        }
        hasUsedZip64 = true;
        Zip64ExtendedInformationExtraField z64 =
            (Zip64ExtendedInformationExtraField)
            ze.getExtraField(Zip64ExtendedInformationExtraField
                             .HEADER_ID);
        if (z64 == null) {
            /*
              System.err.println("Adding z64 for " + ze.getName()
              + ", method: " + ze.getMethod()
              + " (" + (ze.getMethod() == STORED) + ")"
              + ", channel: " + (channel != null));
            */
            z64 = new Zip64ExtendedInformationExtraField();
        }

        // even if the field is there already, make sure it is the first one
        ze.addAsFirstExtraField(z64);

        return z64;
    }

    
Is there a ZIP64 extended information extra field for the
entry?
Since:
1.3/**
     * Is there a ZIP64 extended information extra field for the
     * entry?
     *
     * @since 1.3
     */
    private boolean hasZip64Extra(final ZipArchiveEntry ze) {
        return ze.getExtraField(Zip64ExtendedInformationExtraField
                                .HEADER_ID)
            != null;
    }

    
If the mode is AsNeeded and the entry is a compressed entry of
unknown size that gets written to a non-seekable stream then
change the default to Never.
Since:
1.3/**
     * If the mode is AsNeeded and the entry is a compressed entry of
     * unknown size that gets written to a non-seekable stream then
     * change the default to Never.
     *
     * @since 1.3
     */
    private Zip64Mode getEffectiveZip64Mode(final ZipArchiveEntry ze) {
        if (zip64Mode != Zip64Mode.AsNeeded
            || channel != null
            || ze.getMethod() != DEFLATED
            || ze.getSize() != ArchiveEntry.SIZE_UNKNOWN) {
            return zip64Mode;
        }
        return Zip64Mode.Never;
    }

    private ZipEncoding getEntryEncoding(final ZipArchiveEntry ze) {
        final boolean encodable = zipEncoding.canEncode(ze.getName());
        return !encodable && fallbackToUTF8
            ? ZipEncodingHelper.UTF8_ZIP_ENCODING : zipEncoding;
    }

    private ByteBuffer getName(final ZipArchiveEntry ze) throws IOException {
        return getEntryEncoding(ze).encode(ze.getName());
    }

    
Closes the underlying stream/file without finishing the
archive, the result will likely be a corrupt archive.
This method only exists to support tests that generate
corrupt archives so they can clean up any temporary files.
/**
     * Closes the underlying stream/file without finishing the
     * archive, the result will likely be a corrupt archive.
     *
     * <p>This method only exists to support tests that generate
     * corrupt archives so they can clean up any temporary files.</p>
     */
    void destroy() throws IOException {
        try {
            if (channel != null) {
                channel.close();
            }
        } finally {
            if (out != null) {
                out.close();
            }
        }
    }

    
enum that represents the possible policies for creating Unicode
extra fields.
/**
     * enum that represents the possible policies for creating Unicode
     * extra fields.
     */
    public static final class UnicodeExtraFieldPolicy {
        
Always create Unicode extra fields.
/**
         * Always create Unicode extra fields.
         */
        public static final UnicodeExtraFieldPolicy ALWAYS = new UnicodeExtraFieldPolicy("always");
        
Never create Unicode extra fields.
/**
         * Never create Unicode extra fields.
         */
        public static final UnicodeExtraFieldPolicy NEVER = new UnicodeExtraFieldPolicy("never");
        
Create Unicode extra fields for file names that cannot be
encoded using the specified encoding.
/**
         * Create Unicode extra fields for file names that cannot be
         * encoded using the specified encoding.
         */
        public static final UnicodeExtraFieldPolicy NOT_ENCODEABLE =
            new UnicodeExtraFieldPolicy("not encodeable");

        private final String name;
        private UnicodeExtraFieldPolicy(final String n) {
            name = n;
        }
        @Override
        public String toString() {
            return name;
        }
    }

    
Structure collecting information for the entry that is
currently being written.
/**
     * Structure collecting information for the entry that is
     * currently being written.
     */
    private static final class CurrentEntry {
        private CurrentEntry(final ZipArchiveEntry entry) {
            this.entry = entry;
        }
        
Current ZIP entry.
/**
         * Current ZIP entry.
         */
        private final ZipArchiveEntry entry;
        
Offset for CRC entry in the local file header data for the
current entry starts here.
/**
         * Offset for CRC entry in the local file header data for the
         * current entry starts here.
         */
        private long localDataStart = 0;
        
Data for local header data
/**
         * Data for local header data
         */
        private long dataStart = 0;
        
Number of bytes read for the current entry (can't rely on
Deflater#getBytesRead) when using DEFLATED.
/**
         * Number of bytes read for the current entry (can't rely on
         * Deflater#getBytesRead) when using DEFLATED.
         */
        private long bytesRead = 0;
        
Whether current entry was the first one using ZIP64 features.
/**
         * Whether current entry was the first one using ZIP64 features.
         */
        private boolean causedUseOfZip64 = false;
        
Whether write() has been called at all.
In order to create a valid archive closeArchiveEntry will write an empty array to get the CRC right if nothing has been written to the stream at all.
/**
         * Whether write() has been called at all.
         *
         * <p>In order to create a valid archive {@link
         * #closeArchiveEntry closeArchiveEntry} will write an empty
         * array to get the CRC right if nothing has been written to
         * the stream at all.</p>
         */
        private boolean hasWritten;
    }

    private static final class EntryMetaData {
        private final long offset;
        private final boolean usesDataDescriptor;
        private EntryMetaData(long offset, boolean usesDataDescriptor) {
            this.offset = offset;
            this.usesDataDescriptor = usesDataDescriptor;
        }
    }
}