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package javax.swing.undo;

import javax.swing.event.*;
import javax.swing.UIManager;
import java.util.*;

UndoManager manages a list of UndoableEdits, providing a way to undo or redo the appropriate edits. There are two ways to add edits to an UndoManager. Add the edit directly using the addEdit method, or add the UndoManager to a bean that supports UndoableEditListener. The following examples creates an UndoManager and adds it as an UndoableEditListener to a JTextField:
  UndoManager undoManager = new UndoManager();
  JTextField tf = ...;
  tf.getDocument().addUndoableEditListener(undoManager);

UndoManager maintains an ordered list of edits and the index of the next edit in that list. The index of the next edit is either the size of the current list of edits, or if undo has been invoked it corresponds to the index of the last significant edit that was undone. When undo is invoked all edits from the index of the next edit to the last significant edit are undone, in reverse order. For example, consider an UndoManager consisting of the following edits: A b c D. Edits with a upper-case letter in bold are significant, those in lower-case and italicized are insignificant.

Figure 1

As shown in figure 1, if D was just added, the index of the next edit will be 4. Invoking undo results in invoking undo on D and setting the index of the next edit to 3 (edit c), as shown in the following figure.

Figure 2

The last significant edit is A, so that invoking undo again invokes undo on c, b, and A, in that order, setting the index of the next edit to 0, as shown in the following figure.

Figure 3

Invoking redo results in invoking redo on all edits between the index of the next edit and the next significant edit (or the end of the list). Continuing with the previous example if redo were invoked, redo would in turn be invoked on A, b and c. In addition the index of the next edit is set to 3 (as shown in figure 2).

Adding an edit to an UndoManager results in removing all edits from the index of the next edit to the end of the list. Continuing with the previous example, if a new edit, e, is added the edit D is removed from the list (after having die invoked on it). If c is not incorporated by the next edit (c.addEdit(e) returns true), or replaced by it (e.replaceEdit(c) returns true), the new edit is added after c, as shown in the following figure.

Figure 4

Once end has been invoked on an UndoManager the superclass behavior is used for all UndoableEdit methods. Refer to CompoundEdit for more details on its behavior.

Unlike the rest of Swing, this class is thread safe.

Warning: Serialized objects of this class will not be compatible with future Swing releases. The current serialization support is appropriate for short term storage or RMI between applications running the same version of Swing. As of 1.4, support for long term storage of all JavaBeans™ has been added to the java.beans package. Please see XMLEncoder.

Author:Ray Ryan
/** * {@code UndoManager} manages a list of {@code UndoableEdits}, * providing a way to undo or redo the appropriate edits. There are * two ways to add edits to an <code>UndoManager</code>. Add the edit * directly using the <code>addEdit</code> method, or add the * <code>UndoManager</code> to a bean that supports * <code>UndoableEditListener</code>. The following examples creates * an <code>UndoManager</code> and adds it as an * <code>UndoableEditListener</code> to a <code>JTextField</code>: * <pre> * UndoManager undoManager = new UndoManager(); * JTextField tf = ...; * tf.getDocument().addUndoableEditListener(undoManager); * </pre> * <p> * <code>UndoManager</code> maintains an ordered list of edits and the * index of the next edit in that list. The index of the next edit is * either the size of the current list of edits, or if * <code>undo</code> has been invoked it corresponds to the index * of the last significant edit that was undone. When * <code>undo</code> is invoked all edits from the index of the next * edit to the last significant edit are undone, in reverse order. * For example, consider an <code>UndoManager</code> consisting of the * following edits: <b>A</b> <i>b</i> <i>c</i> <b>D</b>. Edits with a * upper-case letter in bold are significant, those in lower-case * and italicized are insignificant. * <p> * <a name="figure1"></a> * <table border=0 summary=""> * <tr><td> * <img src="doc-files/UndoManager-1.gif" alt=""> * <tr><td align=center>Figure 1 * </table> * <p> * As shown in <a href="#figure1">figure 1</a>, if <b>D</b> was just added, the * index of the next edit will be 4. Invoking <code>undo</code> * results in invoking <code>undo</code> on <b>D</b> and setting the * index of the next edit to 3 (edit <i>c</i>), as shown in the following * figure. * <p> * <a name="figure2"></a> * <table border=0 summary=""> * <tr><td> * <img src="doc-files/UndoManager-2.gif" alt=""> * <tr><td align=center>Figure 2 * </table> * <p> * The last significant edit is <b>A</b>, so that invoking * <code>undo</code> again invokes <code>undo</code> on <i>c</i>, * <i>b</i>, and <b>A</b>, in that order, setting the index of the * next edit to 0, as shown in the following figure. * <p> * <a name="figure3"></a> * <table border=0 summary=""> * <tr><td> * <img src="doc-files/UndoManager-3.gif" alt=""> * <tr><td align=center>Figure 3 * </table> * <p> * Invoking <code>redo</code> results in invoking <code>redo</code> on * all edits between the index of the next edit and the next * significant edit (or the end of the list). Continuing with the previous * example if <code>redo</code> were invoked, <code>redo</code> would in * turn be invoked on <b>A</b>, <i>b</i> and <i>c</i>. In addition * the index of the next edit is set to 3 (as shown in <a * href="#figure2">figure 2</a>). * <p> * Adding an edit to an <code>UndoManager</code> results in * removing all edits from the index of the next edit to the end of * the list. Continuing with the previous example, if a new edit, * <i>e</i>, is added the edit <b>D</b> is removed from the list * (after having <code>die</code> invoked on it). If <i>c</i> is not * incorporated by the next edit * (<code><i>c</i>.addEdit(<i>e</i>)</code> returns true), or replaced * by it (<code><i>e</i>.replaceEdit(<i>c</i>)</code> returns true), * the new edit is added after <i>c</i>, as shown in the following * figure. * <p> * <a name="figure4"></a> * <table border=0 summary=""> * <tr><td> * <img src="doc-files/UndoManager-4.gif" alt=""> * <tr><td align=center>Figure 4 * </table> * <p> * Once <code>end</code> has been invoked on an <code>UndoManager</code> * the superclass behavior is used for all <code>UndoableEdit</code> * methods. Refer to <code>CompoundEdit</code> for more details on its * behavior. * <p> * Unlike the rest of Swing, this class is thread safe. * <p> * <strong>Warning:</strong> * Serialized objects of this class will not be compatible with * future Swing releases. The current serialization support is * appropriate for short term storage or RMI between applications running * the same version of Swing. As of 1.4, support for long term storage * of all JavaBeans&trade; * has been added to the <code>java.beans</code> package. * Please see {@link java.beans.XMLEncoder}. * * @author Ray Ryan */
public class UndoManager extends CompoundEdit implements UndoableEditListener { int indexOfNextAdd; int limit;
Creates a new UndoManager.
/** * Creates a new <code>UndoManager</code>. */
public UndoManager() { super(); indexOfNextAdd = 0; limit = 100; edits.ensureCapacity(limit); }
Returns the maximum number of edits this UndoManager holds. A value less than 0 indicates the number of edits is not limited.
See Also:
Returns:the maximum number of edits this UndoManager holds
/** * Returns the maximum number of edits this {@code UndoManager} * holds. A value less than 0 indicates the number of edits is not * limited. * * @return the maximum number of edits this {@code UndoManager} holds * @see #addEdit * @see #setLimit */
public synchronized int getLimit() { return limit; }
Empties the undo manager sending each edit a die message in the process.
See Also:
  • die.die
/** * Empties the undo manager sending each edit a <code>die</code> message * in the process. * * @see AbstractUndoableEdit#die */
public synchronized void discardAllEdits() { for (UndoableEdit e : edits) { e.die(); } edits = new Vector<UndoableEdit>(); indexOfNextAdd = 0; // PENDING(rjrjr) when vector grows a removeRange() method // (expected in JDK 1.2), trimEdits() will be nice and // efficient, and this method can call that instead. }
Reduces the number of queued edits to a range of size limit, centered on the index of the next edit.
/** * Reduces the number of queued edits to a range of size limit, * centered on the index of the next edit. */
protected void trimForLimit() { if (limit >= 0) { int size = edits.size(); // System.out.print("limit: " + limit + // " size: " + size + // " indexOfNextAdd: " + indexOfNextAdd + // "\n"); if (size > limit) { int halfLimit = limit/2; int keepFrom = indexOfNextAdd - 1 - halfLimit; int keepTo = indexOfNextAdd - 1 + halfLimit; // These are ints we're playing with, so dividing by two // rounds down for odd numbers, so make sure the limit was // honored properly. Note that the keep range is // inclusive. if (keepTo - keepFrom + 1 > limit) { keepFrom++; } // The keep range is centered on indexOfNextAdd, // but odds are good that the actual edits Vector // isn't. Move the keep range to keep it legal. if (keepFrom < 0) { keepTo -= keepFrom; keepFrom = 0; } if (keepTo >= size) { int delta = size - keepTo - 1; keepTo += delta; keepFrom += delta; } // System.out.println("Keeping " + keepFrom + " " + keepTo); trimEdits(keepTo+1, size-1); trimEdits(0, keepFrom-1); } } }
Removes edits in the specified range. All edits in the given range (inclusive, and in reverse order) will have die invoked on them and are removed from the list of edits. This has no effect if from > to.
Params:
  • from – the minimum index to remove
  • to – the maximum index to remove
/** * Removes edits in the specified range. * All edits in the given range (inclusive, and in reverse order) * will have <code>die</code> invoked on them and are removed from * the list of edits. This has no effect if * <code>from</code> &gt; <code>to</code>. * * @param from the minimum index to remove * @param to the maximum index to remove */
protected void trimEdits(int from, int to) { if (from <= to) { // System.out.println("Trimming " + from + " " + to + " with index " + // indexOfNextAdd); for (int i = to; from <= i; i--) { UndoableEdit e = edits.elementAt(i); // System.out.println("JUM: Discarding " + // e.getUndoPresentationName()); e.die(); // PENDING(rjrjr) when Vector supports range deletion (JDK // 1.2) , we can optimize the next line considerably. edits.removeElementAt(i); } if (indexOfNextAdd > to) { // System.out.print("...right..."); indexOfNextAdd -= to-from+1; } else if (indexOfNextAdd >= from) { // System.out.println("...mid..."); indexOfNextAdd = from; } // System.out.println("new index " + indexOfNextAdd); } }
Sets the maximum number of edits this UndoManager holds. A value less than 0 indicates the number of edits is not limited. If edits need to be discarded to shrink the limit, die will be invoked on them in the reverse order they were added. The default is 100.
Params:
  • l – the new limit
Throws:
  • RuntimeException – if this UndoManager is not in progress (end has been invoked)
See Also:
/** * Sets the maximum number of edits this <code>UndoManager</code> * holds. A value less than 0 indicates the number of edits is not * limited. If edits need to be discarded to shrink the limit, * <code>die</code> will be invoked on them in the reverse * order they were added. The default is 100. * * @param l the new limit * @throws RuntimeException if this {@code UndoManager} is not in progress * ({@code end} has been invoked) * @see #isInProgress * @see #end * @see #addEdit * @see #getLimit */
public synchronized void setLimit(int l) { if (!inProgress) throw new RuntimeException("Attempt to call UndoManager.setLimit() after UndoManager.end() has been called"); limit = l; trimForLimit(); }
Returns the the next significant edit to be undone if undo is invoked. This returns null if there are no edits to be undone.
Returns:the next significant edit to be undone
/** * Returns the the next significant edit to be undone if <code>undo</code> * is invoked. This returns <code>null</code> if there are no edits * to be undone. * * @return the next significant edit to be undone */
protected UndoableEdit editToBeUndone() { int i = indexOfNextAdd; while (i > 0) { UndoableEdit edit = edits.elementAt(--i); if (edit.isSignificant()) { return edit; } } return null; }
Returns the the next significant edit to be redone if redo is invoked. This returns null if there are no edits to be redone.
Returns:the next significant edit to be redone
/** * Returns the the next significant edit to be redone if <code>redo</code> * is invoked. This returns <code>null</code> if there are no edits * to be redone. * * @return the next significant edit to be redone */
protected UndoableEdit editToBeRedone() { int count = edits.size(); int i = indexOfNextAdd; while (i < count) { UndoableEdit edit = edits.elementAt(i++); if (edit.isSignificant()) { return edit; } } return null; }
Undoes all changes from the index of the next edit to edit, updating the index of the next edit appropriately.
Throws:
  • CannotUndoException – if one of the edits throws CannotUndoException
/** * Undoes all changes from the index of the next edit to * <code>edit</code>, updating the index of the next edit appropriately. * * @throws CannotUndoException if one of the edits throws * <code>CannotUndoException</code> */
protected void undoTo(UndoableEdit edit) throws CannotUndoException { boolean done = false; while (!done) { UndoableEdit next = edits.elementAt(--indexOfNextAdd); next.undo(); done = next == edit; } }
Redoes all changes from the index of the next edit to edit, updating the index of the next edit appropriately.
Throws:
  • CannotRedoException – if one of the edits throws CannotRedoException
/** * Redoes all changes from the index of the next edit to * <code>edit</code>, updating the index of the next edit appropriately. * * @throws CannotRedoException if one of the edits throws * <code>CannotRedoException</code> */
protected void redoTo(UndoableEdit edit) throws CannotRedoException { boolean done = false; while (!done) { UndoableEdit next = edits.elementAt(indexOfNextAdd++); next.redo(); done = next == edit; } }
Convenience method that invokes one of undo or redo. If any edits have been undone (the index of the next edit is less than the length of the edits list) this invokes redo, otherwise it invokes undo.
Throws:
See Also:
/** * Convenience method that invokes one of <code>undo</code> or * <code>redo</code>. If any edits have been undone (the index of * the next edit is less than the length of the edits list) this * invokes <code>redo</code>, otherwise it invokes <code>undo</code>. * * @see #canUndoOrRedo * @see #getUndoOrRedoPresentationName * @throws CannotUndoException if one of the edits throws * <code>CannotUndoException</code> * @throws CannotRedoException if one of the edits throws * <code>CannotRedoException</code> */
public synchronized void undoOrRedo() throws CannotRedoException, CannotUndoException { if (indexOfNextAdd == edits.size()) { undo(); } else { redo(); } }
Returns true if it is possible to invoke undo or redo.
See Also:
Returns:true if invoking canUndoOrRedo is valid
/** * Returns true if it is possible to invoke <code>undo</code> or * <code>redo</code>. * * @return true if invoking <code>canUndoOrRedo</code> is valid * @see #undoOrRedo */
public synchronized boolean canUndoOrRedo() { if (indexOfNextAdd == edits.size()) { return canUndo(); } else { return canRedo(); } }
Undoes the appropriate edits. If end has been invoked this calls through to the superclass, otherwise this invokes undo on all edits between the index of the next edit and the last significant edit, updating the index of the next edit appropriately.
Throws:
  • CannotUndoException – if one of the edits throws CannotUndoException or there are no edits to be undone
See Also:
/** * Undoes the appropriate edits. If <code>end</code> has been * invoked this calls through to the superclass, otherwise * this invokes <code>undo</code> on all edits between the * index of the next edit and the last significant edit, updating * the index of the next edit appropriately. * * @throws CannotUndoException if one of the edits throws * <code>CannotUndoException</code> or there are no edits * to be undone * @see CompoundEdit#end * @see #canUndo * @see #editToBeUndone */
public synchronized void undo() throws CannotUndoException { if (inProgress) { UndoableEdit edit = editToBeUndone(); if (edit == null) { throw new CannotUndoException(); } undoTo(edit); } else { super.undo(); } }
Returns true if edits may be undone. If end has been invoked, this returns the value from super. Otherwise this returns true if there are any edits to be undone (editToBeUndone returns non-null).
See Also:
Returns:true if there are edits to be undone
/** * Returns true if edits may be undone. If <code>end</code> has * been invoked, this returns the value from super. Otherwise * this returns true if there are any edits to be undone * (<code>editToBeUndone</code> returns non-<code>null</code>). * * @return true if there are edits to be undone * @see CompoundEdit#canUndo * @see #editToBeUndone */
public synchronized boolean canUndo() { if (inProgress) { UndoableEdit edit = editToBeUndone(); return edit != null && edit.canUndo(); } else { return super.canUndo(); } }
Redoes the appropriate edits. If end has been invoked this calls through to the superclass. Otherwise this invokes redo on all edits between the index of the next edit and the next significant edit, updating the index of the next edit appropriately.
Throws:
  • CannotRedoException – if one of the edits throws CannotRedoException or there are no edits to be redone
See Also:
/** * Redoes the appropriate edits. If <code>end</code> has been * invoked this calls through to the superclass. Otherwise * this invokes <code>redo</code> on all edits between the * index of the next edit and the next significant edit, updating * the index of the next edit appropriately. * * @throws CannotRedoException if one of the edits throws * <code>CannotRedoException</code> or there are no edits * to be redone * @see CompoundEdit#end * @see #canRedo * @see #editToBeRedone */
public synchronized void redo() throws CannotRedoException { if (inProgress) { UndoableEdit edit = editToBeRedone(); if (edit == null) { throw new CannotRedoException(); } redoTo(edit); } else { super.redo(); } }
Returns true if edits may be redone. If end has been invoked, this returns the value from super. Otherwise, this returns true if there are any edits to be redone (editToBeRedone returns non-null).
See Also:
Returns:true if there are edits to be redone
/** * Returns true if edits may be redone. If <code>end</code> has * been invoked, this returns the value from super. Otherwise, * this returns true if there are any edits to be redone * (<code>editToBeRedone</code> returns non-<code>null</code>). * * @return true if there are edits to be redone * @see CompoundEdit#canRedo * @see #editToBeRedone */
public synchronized boolean canRedo() { if (inProgress) { UndoableEdit edit = editToBeRedone(); return edit != null && edit.canRedo(); } else { return super.canRedo(); } }
Adds an UndoableEdit to this UndoManager, if it's possible. This removes all edits from the index of the next edit to the end of the edits list. If end has been invoked the edit is not added and false is returned. If end hasn't been invoked this returns true.
Params:
  • anEdit – the edit to be added
See Also:
Returns:true if anEdit can be incorporated into this edit
/** * Adds an <code>UndoableEdit</code> to this * <code>UndoManager</code>, if it's possible. This removes all * edits from the index of the next edit to the end of the edits * list. If <code>end</code> has been invoked the edit is not added * and <code>false</code> is returned. If <code>end</code> hasn't * been invoked this returns <code>true</code>. * * @param anEdit the edit to be added * @return true if <code>anEdit</code> can be incorporated into this * edit * @see CompoundEdit#end * @see CompoundEdit#addEdit */
public synchronized boolean addEdit(UndoableEdit anEdit) { boolean retVal; // Trim from the indexOfNextAdd to the end, as we'll // never reach these edits once the new one is added. trimEdits(indexOfNextAdd, edits.size()-1); retVal = super.addEdit(anEdit); if (inProgress) { retVal = true; } // Maybe super added this edit, maybe it didn't (perhaps // an in progress compound edit took it instead. Or perhaps // this UndoManager is no longer in progress). So make sure // the indexOfNextAdd is pointed at the right place. indexOfNextAdd = edits.size(); // Enforce the limit trimForLimit(); return retVal; }
Turns this UndoManager into a normal CompoundEdit. This removes all edits that have been undone.
See Also:
  • end.end
/** * Turns this <code>UndoManager</code> into a normal * <code>CompoundEdit</code>. This removes all edits that have * been undone. * * @see CompoundEdit#end */
public synchronized void end() { super.end(); this.trimEdits(indexOfNextAdd, edits.size()-1); }
Convenience method that returns either getUndoPresentationName or getRedoPresentationName. If the index of the next edit equals the size of the edits list, getUndoPresentationName is returned, otherwise getRedoPresentationName is returned.
Returns:undo or redo name
/** * Convenience method that returns either * <code>getUndoPresentationName</code> or * <code>getRedoPresentationName</code>. If the index of the next * edit equals the size of the edits list, * <code>getUndoPresentationName</code> is returned, otherwise * <code>getRedoPresentationName</code> is returned. * * @return undo or redo name */
public synchronized String getUndoOrRedoPresentationName() { if (indexOfNextAdd == edits.size()) { return getUndoPresentationName(); } else { return getRedoPresentationName(); } }
Returns a description of the undoable form of this edit. If end has been invoked this calls into super. Otherwise if there are edits to be undone, this returns the value from the next significant edit that will be undone. If there are no edits to be undone and end has not been invoked this returns the value from the UIManager property "AbstractUndoableEdit.undoText".
See Also:
Returns:a description of the undoable form of this edit
/** * Returns a description of the undoable form of this edit. * If <code>end</code> has been invoked this calls into super. * Otherwise if there are edits to be undone, this returns * the value from the next significant edit that will be undone. * If there are no edits to be undone and <code>end</code> has not * been invoked this returns the value from the <code>UIManager</code> * property "AbstractUndoableEdit.undoText". * * @return a description of the undoable form of this edit * @see #undo * @see CompoundEdit#getUndoPresentationName */
public synchronized String getUndoPresentationName() { if (inProgress) { if (canUndo()) { return editToBeUndone().getUndoPresentationName(); } else { return UIManager.getString("AbstractUndoableEdit.undoText"); } } else { return super.getUndoPresentationName(); } }
Returns a description of the redoable form of this edit. If end has been invoked this calls into super. Otherwise if there are edits to be redone, this returns the value from the next significant edit that will be redone. If there are no edits to be redone and end has not been invoked this returns the value from the UIManager property "AbstractUndoableEdit.redoText".
See Also:
Returns:a description of the redoable form of this edit
/** * Returns a description of the redoable form of this edit. * If <code>end</code> has been invoked this calls into super. * Otherwise if there are edits to be redone, this returns * the value from the next significant edit that will be redone. * If there are no edits to be redone and <code>end</code> has not * been invoked this returns the value from the <code>UIManager</code> * property "AbstractUndoableEdit.redoText". * * @return a description of the redoable form of this edit * @see #redo * @see CompoundEdit#getRedoPresentationName */
public synchronized String getRedoPresentationName() { if (inProgress) { if (canRedo()) { return editToBeRedone().getRedoPresentationName(); } else { return UIManager.getString("AbstractUndoableEdit.redoText"); } } else { return super.getRedoPresentationName(); } }
An UndoableEditListener method. This invokes addEdit with e.getEdit().
Params:
  • e – the UndoableEditEvent the UndoableEditEvent will be added from
See Also:
/** * An <code>UndoableEditListener</code> method. This invokes * <code>addEdit</code> with <code>e.getEdit()</code>. * * @param e the <code>UndoableEditEvent</code> the * <code>UndoableEditEvent</code> will be added from * @see #addEdit */
public void undoableEditHappened(UndoableEditEvent e) { addEdit(e.getEdit()); }
Returns a string that displays and identifies this object's properties.
Returns:a String representation of this object
/** * Returns a string that displays and identifies this * object's properties. * * @return a String representation of this object */
public String toString() { return super.toString() + " limit: " + limit + " indexOfNextAdd: " + indexOfNextAdd; } }