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 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
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 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
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package sun.reflect;

import java.io.Externalizable;
import java.io.ObjectInputStream;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.ObjectStreamClass;
import java.io.OptionalDataException;
import java.io.Serializable;
import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandle;
import java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles;
import java.lang.reflect.Field;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.lang.reflect.Constructor;
import java.lang.reflect.Modifier;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.Permission;
import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
import java.util.Objects;


The master factory for all reflective objects, both those in java.lang.reflect (Fields, Methods, Constructors) as well as their delegates (FieldAccessors, MethodAccessors, ConstructorAccessors).

The methods in this class are extremely unsafe and can cause subversion of both the language and the verifier. For this reason, they are all instance methods, and access to the constructor of this factory is guarded by a security check, in similar style to Unsafe.

/** <P> The master factory for all reflective objects, both those in java.lang.reflect (Fields, Methods, Constructors) as well as their delegates (FieldAccessors, MethodAccessors, ConstructorAccessors). </P> <P> The methods in this class are extremely unsafe and can cause subversion of both the language and the verifier. For this reason, they are all instance methods, and access to the constructor of this factory is guarded by a security check, in similar style to {@link sun.misc.Unsafe}. </P> */
public class ReflectionFactory { private static boolean initted = false; private static final Permission reflectionFactoryAccessPerm = new RuntimePermission("reflectionFactoryAccess"); private static final ReflectionFactory soleInstance = new ReflectionFactory(); // Provides access to package-private mechanisms in java.lang.reflect private static volatile LangReflectAccess langReflectAccess; /* Method for static class initializer <clinit>, or null */ private static volatile Method hasStaticInitializerMethod; // // "Inflation" mechanism. Loading bytecodes to implement // Method.invoke() and Constructor.newInstance() currently costs // 3-4x more than an invocation via native code for the first // invocation (though subsequent invocations have been benchmarked // to be over 20x faster). Unfortunately this cost increases // startup time for certain applications that use reflection // intensively (but only once per class) to bootstrap themselves. // To avoid this penalty we reuse the existing JVM entry points // for the first few invocations of Methods and Constructors and // then switch to the bytecode-based implementations. // // Package-private to be accessible to NativeMethodAccessorImpl // and NativeConstructorAccessorImpl private static boolean noInflation = false; private static int inflationThreshold = 15; private ReflectionFactory() {}
A convenience class for acquiring the capability to instantiate reflective objects. Use this instead of a raw call to ReflectionFactory.getReflectionFactory in order to avoid being limited by the permissions of your callers.

An instance of this class can be used as the argument of AccessController.doPrivileged.

/** * A convenience class for acquiring the capability to instantiate * reflective objects. Use this instead of a raw call to {@link * #getReflectionFactory} in order to avoid being limited by the * permissions of your callers. * * <p>An instance of this class can be used as the argument of * <code>AccessController.doPrivileged</code>. */
public static final class GetReflectionFactoryAction implements PrivilegedAction<ReflectionFactory> { public ReflectionFactory run() { return getReflectionFactory(); } }
Provides the caller with the capability to instantiate reflective objects.

First, if there is a security manager, its checkPermission method is called with a RuntimePermission with target "reflectionFactoryAccess". This may result in a security exception.

The returned ReflectionFactory object should be carefully guarded by the caller, since it can be used to read and write private data and invoke private methods, as well as to load unverified bytecodes. It must never be passed to untrusted code.

Throws:
  • SecurityException – if a security manager exists and its checkPermission method doesn't allow access to the RuntimePermission "reflectionFactoryAccess".
/** * Provides the caller with the capability to instantiate reflective * objects. * * <p> First, if there is a security manager, its * <code>checkPermission</code> method is called with a {@link * java.lang.RuntimePermission} with target * <code>"reflectionFactoryAccess"</code>. This may result in a * security exception. * * <p> The returned <code>ReflectionFactory</code> object should be * carefully guarded by the caller, since it can be used to read and * write private data and invoke private methods, as well as to load * unverified bytecodes. It must never be passed to untrusted code. * * @exception SecurityException if a security manager exists and its * <code>checkPermission</code> method doesn't allow * access to the RuntimePermission "reflectionFactoryAccess". */
public static ReflectionFactory getReflectionFactory() { SecurityManager security = System.getSecurityManager(); if (security != null) { // TO DO: security.checkReflectionFactoryAccess(); security.checkPermission(reflectionFactoryAccessPerm); } return soleInstance; } //-------------------------------------------------------------------------- // // Routines used by java.lang.reflect // //
Called only by java.lang.reflect.Modifier's static initializer
/** Called only by java.lang.reflect.Modifier's static initializer */
public void setLangReflectAccess(LangReflectAccess access) { langReflectAccess = access; }
Note: this routine can cause the declaring class for the field be initialized and therefore must not be called until the first get/set of this field.
Params:
  • field – the field
  • override – true if caller has overridden aaccessibility
/** * Note: this routine can cause the declaring class for the field * be initialized and therefore must not be called until the * first get/set of this field. * @param field the field * @param override true if caller has overridden aaccessibility */
public FieldAccessor newFieldAccessor(Field field, boolean override) { checkInitted(); return UnsafeFieldAccessorFactory.newFieldAccessor(field, override); } public MethodAccessor newMethodAccessor(Method method) { checkInitted(); if (noInflation) { return new MethodAccessorGenerator(). generateMethod(method.getDeclaringClass(), method.getName(), method.getParameterTypes(), method.getReturnType(), method.getExceptionTypes(), method.getModifiers()); } else { NativeMethodAccessorImpl acc = new NativeMethodAccessorImpl(method); DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl res = new DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl(acc); acc.setParent(res); return res; } } public ConstructorAccessor newConstructorAccessor(Constructor<?> c) { checkInitted(); Class<?> declaringClass = c.getDeclaringClass(); if (Modifier.isAbstract(declaringClass.getModifiers())) { return new InstantiationExceptionConstructorAccessorImpl(null); } if (declaringClass == Class.class) { return new InstantiationExceptionConstructorAccessorImpl ("Can not instantiate java.lang.Class"); } // Bootstrapping issue: since we use Class.newInstance() in // the ConstructorAccessor generation process, we have to // break the cycle here. if (Reflection.isSubclassOf(declaringClass, ConstructorAccessorImpl.class)) { return new BootstrapConstructorAccessorImpl(c); } if (noInflation) { return new MethodAccessorGenerator(). generateConstructor(c.getDeclaringClass(), c.getParameterTypes(), c.getExceptionTypes(), c.getModifiers()); } else { NativeConstructorAccessorImpl acc = new NativeConstructorAccessorImpl(c); DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl res = new DelegatingConstructorAccessorImpl(acc); acc.setParent(res); return res; } } //-------------------------------------------------------------------------- // // Routines used by java.lang // //
Creates a new java.lang.reflect.Field. Access checks as per java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject are not overridden.
/** Creates a new java.lang.reflect.Field. Access checks as per java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject are not overridden. */
public Field newField(Class<?> declaringClass, String name, Class<?> type, int modifiers, int slot, String signature, byte[] annotations) { return langReflectAccess().newField(declaringClass, name, type, modifiers, slot, signature, annotations); }
Creates a new java.lang.reflect.Method. Access checks as per java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject are not overridden.
/** Creates a new java.lang.reflect.Method. Access checks as per java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject are not overridden. */
public Method newMethod(Class<?> declaringClass, String name, Class<?>[] parameterTypes, Class<?> returnType, Class<?>[] checkedExceptions, int modifiers, int slot, String signature, byte[] annotations, byte[] parameterAnnotations, byte[] annotationDefault) { return langReflectAccess().newMethod(declaringClass, name, parameterTypes, returnType, checkedExceptions, modifiers, slot, signature, annotations, parameterAnnotations, annotationDefault); }
Creates a new java.lang.reflect.Constructor. Access checks as per java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject are not overridden.
/** Creates a new java.lang.reflect.Constructor. Access checks as per java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject are not overridden. */
public Constructor<?> newConstructor(Class<?> declaringClass, Class<?>[] parameterTypes, Class<?>[] checkedExceptions, int modifiers, int slot, String signature, byte[] annotations, byte[] parameterAnnotations) { return langReflectAccess().newConstructor(declaringClass, parameterTypes, checkedExceptions, modifiers, slot, signature, annotations, parameterAnnotations); }
Gets the MethodAccessor object for a java.lang.reflect.Method
/** Gets the MethodAccessor object for a java.lang.reflect.Method */
public MethodAccessor getMethodAccessor(Method m) { return langReflectAccess().getMethodAccessor(m); }
Sets the MethodAccessor object for a java.lang.reflect.Method
/** Sets the MethodAccessor object for a java.lang.reflect.Method */
public void setMethodAccessor(Method m, MethodAccessor accessor) { langReflectAccess().setMethodAccessor(m, accessor); }
Gets the ConstructorAccessor object for a java.lang.reflect.Constructor
/** Gets the ConstructorAccessor object for a java.lang.reflect.Constructor */
public ConstructorAccessor getConstructorAccessor(Constructor<?> c) { return langReflectAccess().getConstructorAccessor(c); }
Sets the ConstructorAccessor object for a java.lang.reflect.Constructor
/** Sets the ConstructorAccessor object for a java.lang.reflect.Constructor */
public void setConstructorAccessor(Constructor<?> c, ConstructorAccessor accessor) { langReflectAccess().setConstructorAccessor(c, accessor); }
Makes a copy of the passed method. The returned method is a "child" of the passed one; see the comments in Method.java for details.
/** Makes a copy of the passed method. The returned method is a "child" of the passed one; see the comments in Method.java for details. */
public Method copyMethod(Method arg) { return langReflectAccess().copyMethod(arg); }
Makes a copy of the passed field. The returned field is a "child" of the passed one; see the comments in Field.java for details.
/** Makes a copy of the passed field. The returned field is a "child" of the passed one; see the comments in Field.java for details. */
public Field copyField(Field arg) { return langReflectAccess().copyField(arg); }
Makes a copy of the passed constructor. The returned constructor is a "child" of the passed one; see the comments in Constructor.java for details.
/** Makes a copy of the passed constructor. The returned constructor is a "child" of the passed one; see the comments in Constructor.java for details. */
public <T> Constructor<T> copyConstructor(Constructor<T> arg) { return langReflectAccess().copyConstructor(arg); } //-------------------------------------------------------------------------- // // Routines used by serialization // //
Returns an accessible constructor capable of creating instances of the given class, initialized by the given constructor.
Params:
  • classToInstantiate – the class to instantiate
  • constructorToCall – the constructor to call
Returns:an accessible constructor
/** * Returns an accessible constructor capable of creating instances * of the given class, initialized by the given constructor. * * @param classToInstantiate the class to instantiate * @param constructorToCall the constructor to call * @return an accessible constructor */
public Constructor<?> newConstructorForSerialization (Class<?> classToInstantiate, Constructor<?> constructorToCall) { // Fast path if (constructorToCall.getDeclaringClass() == classToInstantiate) { return constructorToCall; } return generateConstructor(classToInstantiate, constructorToCall); }
Returns an accessible no-arg constructor for a class. The no-arg constructor is found searching the class and its supertypes.
Params:
  • cl – the class to instantiate
Returns:a no-arg constructor for the class or null if the class or supertypes do not have a suitable no-arg constructor
/** * Returns an accessible no-arg constructor for a class. * The no-arg constructor is found searching the class and its supertypes. * * @param cl the class to instantiate * @return a no-arg constructor for the class or {@code null} if * the class or supertypes do not have a suitable no-arg constructor */
public final Constructor<?> newConstructorForSerialization(Class<?> cl) { Class<?> initCl = cl; while (Serializable.class.isAssignableFrom(initCl)) { if ((initCl = initCl.getSuperclass()) == null) { return null; } } Constructor<?> constructorToCall; try { constructorToCall = initCl.getDeclaredConstructor(); int mods = constructorToCall.getModifiers(); if ((mods & Modifier.PRIVATE) != 0 || ((mods & (Modifier.PUBLIC | Modifier.PROTECTED)) == 0 && !packageEquals(cl, initCl))) { return null; } } catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) { return null; } return generateConstructor(cl, constructorToCall); } private final Constructor<?> generateConstructor(Class<?> classToInstantiate, Constructor<?> constructorToCall) { ConstructorAccessor acc = new MethodAccessorGenerator(). generateSerializationConstructor(classToInstantiate, constructorToCall.getParameterTypes(), constructorToCall.getExceptionTypes(), constructorToCall.getModifiers(), constructorToCall.getDeclaringClass()); Constructor<?> c = newConstructor(constructorToCall.getDeclaringClass(), constructorToCall.getParameterTypes(), constructorToCall.getExceptionTypes(), constructorToCall.getModifiers(), langReflectAccess(). getConstructorSlot(constructorToCall), langReflectAccess(). getConstructorSignature(constructorToCall), langReflectAccess(). getConstructorAnnotations(constructorToCall), langReflectAccess(). getConstructorParameterAnnotations(constructorToCall)); setConstructorAccessor(c, acc); c.setAccessible(true); return c; }
Returns an accessible no-arg constructor for an externalizable class to be initialized using a public no-argument constructor.
Params:
  • cl – the class to instantiate
Returns:A no-arg constructor for the class; returns null if the class does not implement Externalizable
/** * Returns an accessible no-arg constructor for an externalizable class to be * initialized using a public no-argument constructor. * * @param cl the class to instantiate * @return A no-arg constructor for the class; returns {@code null} if * the class does not implement {@link java.io.Externalizable} */
public final Constructor<?> newConstructorForExternalization(Class<?> cl) { if (!Externalizable.class.isAssignableFrom(cl)) { return null; } try { Constructor<?> cons = cl.getConstructor(); cons.setAccessible(true); return cons; } catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) { return null; } }
Returns a direct MethodHandle for the readObject method on a Serializable class. The first argument of MethodHandle.invoke is the serializable object and the second argument is the ObjectInputStream passed to readObject.
Params:
  • cl – a Serializable class
Returns: a direct MethodHandle for the readObject method of the class or null if the class does not have a readObject method
/** * Returns a direct MethodHandle for the {@code readObject} method on * a Serializable class. * The first argument of {@link MethodHandle#invoke} is the serializable * object and the second argument is the {@code ObjectInputStream} passed to * {@code readObject}. * * @param cl a Serializable class * @return a direct MethodHandle for the {@code readObject} method of the class or * {@code null} if the class does not have a {@code readObject} method */
public final MethodHandle readObjectForSerialization(Class<?> cl) { return findReadWriteObjectForSerialization(cl, "readObject", ObjectInputStream.class); }
Returns a direct MethodHandle for the readObjectNoData method on a Serializable class. The first argument of MethodHandle.invoke is the serializable object and the second argument is the ObjectInputStream passed to readObjectNoData.
Params:
  • cl – a Serializable class
Returns: a direct MethodHandle for the readObjectNoData method of the class or null if the class does not have a readObjectNoData method
/** * Returns a direct MethodHandle for the {@code readObjectNoData} method on * a Serializable class. * The first argument of {@link MethodHandle#invoke} is the serializable * object and the second argument is the {@code ObjectInputStream} passed to * {@code readObjectNoData}. * * @param cl a Serializable class * @return a direct MethodHandle for the {@code readObjectNoData} method * of the class or {@code null} if the class does not have a * {@code readObjectNoData} method */
public final MethodHandle readObjectNoDataForSerialization(Class<?> cl) { return findReadWriteObjectForSerialization(cl, "readObjectNoData", ObjectInputStream.class); }
Returns a direct MethodHandle for the writeObject method on a Serializable class. The first argument of MethodHandle.invoke is the serializable object and the second argument is the ObjectOutputStream passed to writeObject.
Params:
  • cl – a Serializable class
Returns: a direct MethodHandle for the writeObject method of the class or null if the class does not have a writeObject method
/** * Returns a direct MethodHandle for the {@code writeObject} method on * a Serializable class. * The first argument of {@link MethodHandle#invoke} is the serializable * object and the second argument is the {@code ObjectOutputStream} passed to * {@code writeObject}. * * @param cl a Serializable class * @return a direct MethodHandle for the {@code writeObject} method of the class or * {@code null} if the class does not have a {@code writeObject} method */
public final MethodHandle writeObjectForSerialization(Class<?> cl) { return findReadWriteObjectForSerialization(cl, "writeObject", ObjectOutputStream.class); } private final MethodHandle findReadWriteObjectForSerialization(Class<?> cl, String methodName, Class<?> streamClass) { if (!Serializable.class.isAssignableFrom(cl)) { return null; } try { Method meth = cl.getDeclaredMethod(methodName, streamClass); int mods = meth.getModifiers(); if (meth.getReturnType() != Void.TYPE || Modifier.isStatic(mods) || !Modifier.isPrivate(mods)) { return null; } meth.setAccessible(true); return MethodHandles.lookup().unreflect(meth); } catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) { return null; } catch (IllegalAccessException ex1) { throw (InternalError) new InternalError("Error").initCause(ex1); } }
Returns a direct MethodHandle for the readResolve method on a serializable class. The single argument of MethodHandle.invoke is the serializable object.
Params:
  • cl – the Serializable class
Returns: a direct MethodHandle for the readResolve method of the class or null if the class does not have a readResolve method
/** * Returns a direct MethodHandle for the {@code readResolve} method on * a serializable class. * The single argument of {@link MethodHandle#invoke} is the serializable * object. * * @param cl the Serializable class * @return a direct MethodHandle for the {@code readResolve} method of the class or * {@code null} if the class does not have a {@code readResolve} method */
public final MethodHandle readResolveForSerialization(Class<?> cl) { return getReplaceResolveForSerialization(cl, "readResolve"); }
Returns a direct MethodHandle for the writeReplace method on a serializable class. The single argument of MethodHandle.invoke is the serializable object.
Params:
  • cl – the Serializable class
Returns: a direct MethodHandle for the writeReplace method of the class or null if the class does not have a writeReplace method
/** * Returns a direct MethodHandle for the {@code writeReplace} method on * a serializable class. * The single argument of {@link MethodHandle#invoke} is the serializable * object. * * @param cl the Serializable class * @return a direct MethodHandle for the {@code writeReplace} method of the class or * {@code null} if the class does not have a {@code writeReplace} method */
public final MethodHandle writeReplaceForSerialization(Class<?> cl) { return getReplaceResolveForSerialization(cl, "writeReplace"); }
Returns a direct MethodHandle for the writeReplace method on a serializable class. The single argument of MethodHandle.invoke is the serializable object.
Params:
  • cl – the Serializable class
Returns: a direct MethodHandle for the writeReplace method of the class or null if the class does not have a writeReplace method
/** * Returns a direct MethodHandle for the {@code writeReplace} method on * a serializable class. * The single argument of {@link MethodHandle#invoke} is the serializable * object. * * @param cl the Serializable class * @return a direct MethodHandle for the {@code writeReplace} method of the class or * {@code null} if the class does not have a {@code writeReplace} method */
private MethodHandle getReplaceResolveForSerialization(Class<?> cl, String methodName) { if (!Serializable.class.isAssignableFrom(cl)) { return null; } Class<?> defCl = cl; while (defCl != null) { try { Method m = defCl.getDeclaredMethod(methodName); if (m.getReturnType() != Object.class) { return null; } int mods = m.getModifiers(); if (Modifier.isStatic(mods) | Modifier.isAbstract(mods)) { return null; } else if (Modifier.isPublic(mods) | Modifier.isProtected(mods)) { // fall through } else if (Modifier.isPrivate(mods) && (cl != defCl)) { return null; } else if (!packageEquals(cl, defCl)) { return null; } try { // Normal return m.setAccessible(true); return MethodHandles.lookup().unreflect(m); } catch (IllegalAccessException ex0) { // setAccessible should prevent IAE throw (InternalError) new InternalError("Error").initCause(ex0); } } catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) { defCl = defCl.getSuperclass(); } } return null; }
Returns true if the class has a static initializer. The presence of a static initializer is used to compute the serialVersionUID.
Params:
  • cl – a serializable classLook
Returns:true if the class has a static initializer, otherwise false
/** * Returns true if the class has a static initializer. * The presence of a static initializer is used to compute the serialVersionUID. * @param cl a serializable classLook * @return {@code true} if the class has a static initializer, * otherwise {@code false} */
public final boolean hasStaticInitializerForSerialization(Class<?> cl) { Method m = hasStaticInitializerMethod; if (m == null) { try { m = ObjectStreamClass.class.getDeclaredMethod("hasStaticInitializer", new Class<?>[]{Class.class}); m.setAccessible(true); hasStaticInitializerMethod = m; } catch (NoSuchMethodException ex) { throw (InternalError) new InternalError("No such method hasStaticInitializer on " + ObjectStreamClass.class).initCause(ex); } } try { return (Boolean) m.invoke(null, cl); } catch (InvocationTargetException | IllegalAccessException ex) { throw (InternalError) new InternalError("Exception invoking hasStaticInitializer").initCause(ex); } }
Returns a new OptionalDataException with eof set to true or false.
Params:
  • bool – the value of eof in the created OptionalDataException
Returns: a new OptionalDataException
/** * Returns a new OptionalDataException with {@code eof} set to {@code true} * or {@code false}. * @param bool the value of {@code eof} in the created OptionalDataException * @return a new OptionalDataException */
public final OptionalDataException newOptionalDataExceptionForSerialization(boolean bool) { try { Constructor<OptionalDataException> boolCtor = OptionalDataException.class.getDeclaredConstructor(Boolean.TYPE); boolCtor.setAccessible(true); return boolCtor.newInstance(bool); } catch (NoSuchMethodException | InstantiationException| IllegalAccessException|InvocationTargetException ex) { throw (InternalError) new InternalError("unable to create OptionalDataException").initCause(ex); } } //-------------------------------------------------------------------------- // // Internals only below this point // static int inflationThreshold() { return inflationThreshold; }
We have to defer full initialization of this class until after the static initializer is run since java.lang.reflect.Method's static initializer (more properly, that for java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject) causes this class's to be run, before the system properties are set up.
/** We have to defer full initialization of this class until after the static initializer is run since java.lang.reflect.Method's static initializer (more properly, that for java.lang.reflect.AccessibleObject) causes this class's to be run, before the system properties are set up. */
private static void checkInitted() { if (initted) return; AccessController.doPrivileged( new PrivilegedAction<Void>() { public Void run() { // Tests to ensure the system properties table is fully // initialized. This is needed because reflection code is // called very early in the initialization process (before // command-line arguments have been parsed and therefore // these user-settable properties installed.) We assume that // if System.out is non-null then the System class has been // fully initialized and that the bulk of the startup code // has been run. if (System.out == null) { // java.lang.System not yet fully initialized return null; } String val = System.getProperty("sun.reflect.noInflation"); if (val != null && val.equals("true")) { noInflation = true; } val = System.getProperty("sun.reflect.inflationThreshold"); if (val != null) { try { inflationThreshold = Integer.parseInt(val); } catch (NumberFormatException e) { throw new RuntimeException("Unable to parse property sun.reflect.inflationThreshold", e); } } initted = true; return null; } }); } private static LangReflectAccess langReflectAccess() { if (langReflectAccess == null) { // Call a static method to get class java.lang.reflect.Modifier // initialized. Its static initializer will cause // setLangReflectAccess() to be called from the context of the // java.lang.reflect package. Modifier.isPublic(Modifier.PUBLIC); } return langReflectAccess; }
Returns true if classes are defined in the classloader and same package, false otherwise.
Params:
  • cl1 – a class
  • cl2 – another class
@returnstrue if the two classes are in the same classloader and package
/** * Returns true if classes are defined in the classloader and same package, false * otherwise. * @param cl1 a class * @param cl2 another class * @returns true if the two classes are in the same classloader and package */
private static boolean packageEquals(Class<?> cl1, Class<?> cl2) { return cl1.getClassLoader() == cl2.getClassLoader() && Objects.equals(cl1.getPackage(), cl2.getPackage()); } }