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 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
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package sun.net.www.protocol.http;

import java.io.*;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.ProtocolException;
import java.net.PasswordAuthentication;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.Random;

import sun.net.www.HeaderParser;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import static sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.HTTP_CONNECT;


DigestAuthentication: Encapsulate an http server authentication using
the "Digest" scheme, as described in RFC2069 and updated in RFC2617

Author:Bill Foote
/**
 * DigestAuthentication: Encapsulate an http server authentication using
 * the "Digest" scheme, as described in RFC2069 and updated in RFC2617
 *
 * @author Bill Foote
 */

class DigestAuthentication extends AuthenticationInfo {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 100L;

    private String authMethod;

    // Authentication parameters defined in RFC2617.
    // One instance of these may be shared among several DigestAuthentication
    // instances as a result of a single authorization (for multiple domains)

    static class Parameters implements java.io.Serializable {
        private static final long serialVersionUID = -3584543755194526252L;

        private boolean serverQop; // server proposed qop=auth
        private String opaque;
        private String cnonce;
        private String nonce;
        private String algorithm;
        private int NCcount=0;

        // The H(A1) string used for MD5-sess
        private String  cachedHA1;

        // Force the HA1 value to be recalculated because the nonce has changed
        private boolean redoCachedHA1 = true;

        private static final int cnonceRepeat = 5;

        private static final int cnoncelen = 40; /* number of characters in cnonce */

        private static Random   random;

        static {
            random = new Random();
        }

        Parameters () {
            serverQop = false;
            opaque = null;
            algorithm = null;
            cachedHA1 = null;
            nonce = null;
            setNewCnonce();
        }

        boolean authQop () {
            return serverQop;
        }
        synchronized void incrementNC() {
            NCcount ++;
        }
        synchronized int getNCCount () {
            return NCcount;
        }

        int cnonce_count = 0;

        /* each call increments the counter */
        synchronized String getCnonce () {
            if (cnonce_count >= cnonceRepeat) {
                setNewCnonce();
            }
            cnonce_count++;
            return cnonce;
        }
        synchronized void setNewCnonce () {
            byte bb[] = new byte [cnoncelen/2];
            char cc[] = new char [cnoncelen];
            random.nextBytes (bb);
            for (int  i=0; i<(cnoncelen/2); i++) {
                int x = bb[i] + 128;
                cc[i*2]= (char) ('A'+ x/16);
                cc[i*2+1]= (char) ('A'+ x%16);
            }
            cnonce = new String (cc, 0, cnoncelen);
            cnonce_count = 0;
            redoCachedHA1 = true;
        }

        synchronized void setQop (String qop) {
            if (qop != null) {
                StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer (qop, " ");
                while (st.hasMoreTokens()) {
                    if (st.nextToken().equalsIgnoreCase ("auth")) {
                        serverQop = true;
                        return;
                    }
                }
            }
            serverQop = false;
        }

        synchronized String getOpaque () { return opaque;}
        synchronized void setOpaque (String s) { opaque=s;}

        synchronized String getNonce () { return nonce;}

        synchronized void setNonce (String s) {
            if (!s.equals(nonce)) {
                nonce=s;
                NCcount = 0;
                redoCachedHA1 = true;
            }
        }

        synchronized String getCachedHA1 () {
            if (redoCachedHA1) {
                return null;
            } else {
                return cachedHA1;
            }
        }

        synchronized void setCachedHA1 (String s) {
            cachedHA1=s;
            redoCachedHA1=false;
        }

        synchronized String getAlgorithm () { return algorithm;}
        synchronized void setAlgorithm (String s) { algorithm=s;}
    }

    Parameters params;

    
Create a DigestAuthentication

/**
     * Create a DigestAuthentication
     */
    public DigestAuthentication(boolean isProxy, URL url, String realm,
                                String authMethod, PasswordAuthentication pw,
                                Parameters params) {
        super(isProxy ? PROXY_AUTHENTICATION : SERVER_AUTHENTICATION,
              AuthScheme.DIGEST,
              url,
              realm);
        this.authMethod = authMethod;
        this.pw = pw;
        this.params = params;
    }

    public DigestAuthentication(boolean isProxy, String host, int port, String realm,
                                String authMethod, PasswordAuthentication pw,
                                Parameters params) {
        super(isProxy ? PROXY_AUTHENTICATION : SERVER_AUTHENTICATION,
              AuthScheme.DIGEST,
              host,
              port,
              realm);
        this.authMethod = authMethod;
        this.pw = pw;
        this.params = params;
    }

    
Returns:true if this authentication supports preemptive authorization
/**
     * @return true if this authentication supports preemptive authorization
     */
    @Override
    public boolean supportsPreemptiveAuthorization() {
        return true;
    }

    
Reclaculates the request-digest and returns it.

 Used in the common case where the requestURI is simply the
abs_path.

Params:
  • url – 
        the URL
  • method – 
        the HTTP method
Returns:the value of the HTTP header this authentication wants set
/**
     * Reclaculates the request-digest and returns it.
     *
     * <P> Used in the common case where the requestURI is simply the
     * abs_path.
     *
     * @param  url
     *         the URL
     *
     * @param  method
     *         the HTTP method
     *
     * @return the value of the HTTP header this authentication wants set
     */
    @Override
    public String getHeaderValue(URL url, String method) {
        return getHeaderValueImpl(url.getFile(), method);
    }

    
Reclaculates the request-digest and returns it.

 Used when the requestURI is not the abs_path. The exact
requestURI can be passed as a String.

Params:
  • requestURI – 
        the Request-URI from the HTTP request line
  • method – 
        the HTTP method
Returns:the value of the HTTP header this authentication wants set
/**
     * Reclaculates the request-digest and returns it.
     *
     * <P> Used when the requestURI is not the abs_path. The exact
     * requestURI can be passed as a String.
     *
     * @param  requestURI
     *         the Request-URI from the HTTP request line
     *
     * @param  method
     *         the HTTP method
     *
     * @return the value of the HTTP header this authentication wants set
     */
    String getHeaderValue(String requestURI, String method) {
        return getHeaderValueImpl(requestURI, method);
    }

    
Check if the header indicates that the current auth. parameters are stale.
If so, then replace the relevant field with the new value
and return true. Otherwise return false.
returning true means the request can be retried with the same userid/password
returning false means we have to go back to the user to ask for a new
username password.

/**
     * Check if the header indicates that the current auth. parameters are stale.
     * If so, then replace the relevant field with the new value
     * and return true. Otherwise return false.
     * returning true means the request can be retried with the same userid/password
     * returning false means we have to go back to the user to ask for a new
     * username password.
     */
    @Override
    public boolean isAuthorizationStale (String header) {
        HeaderParser p = new HeaderParser (header);
        String s = p.findValue ("stale");
        if (s == null || !s.equals("true"))
            return false;
        String newNonce = p.findValue ("nonce");
        if (newNonce == null || "".equals(newNonce)) {
            return false;
        }
        params.setNonce (newNonce);
        return true;
    }

    
Set header(s) on the given connection.

Params:
  • conn – The connection to apply the header(s) to
  • p – A source of header values for this connection, if needed.
  • raw – Raw header values for this connection, if needed.
Returns:true if all goes well, false if no headers were set.
/**
     * Set header(s) on the given connection.
     * @param conn The connection to apply the header(s) to
     * @param p A source of header values for this connection, if needed.
     * @param raw Raw header values for this connection, if needed.
     * @return true if all goes well, false if no headers were set.
     */
    @Override
    public boolean setHeaders(HttpURLConnection conn, HeaderParser p, String raw) {
        params.setNonce (p.findValue("nonce"));
        params.setOpaque (p.findValue("opaque"));
        params.setQop (p.findValue("qop"));

        String uri="";
        String method;
        if (type == PROXY_AUTHENTICATION &&
                conn.tunnelState() == HttpURLConnection.TunnelState.SETUP) {
            uri = HttpURLConnection.connectRequestURI(conn.getURL());
            method = HTTP_CONNECT;
        } else {
            try {
                uri = conn.getRequestURI();
            } catch (IOException e) {}
            method = conn.getMethod();
        }

        if (params.nonce == null || authMethod == null || pw == null || realm == null) {
            return false;
        }
        if (authMethod.length() >= 1) {
            // Method seems to get converted to all lower case elsewhere.
            // It really does need to start with an upper case letter
            // here.
            authMethod = Character.toUpperCase(authMethod.charAt(0))
                        + authMethod.substring(1).toLowerCase();
        }
        String algorithm = p.findValue("algorithm");
        if (algorithm == null || "".equals(algorithm)) {
            algorithm = "MD5";  // The default, accoriding to rfc2069
        }
        params.setAlgorithm (algorithm);

        // If authQop is true, then the server is doing RFC2617 and
        // has offered qop=auth. We do not support any other modes
        // and if auth is not offered we fallback to the RFC2069 behavior

        if (params.authQop()) {
            params.setNewCnonce();
        }

        String value = getHeaderValueImpl (uri, method);
        if (value != null) {
            conn.setAuthenticationProperty(getHeaderName(), value);
            return true;
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }

    /* Calculate the Authorization header field given the request URI
     * and based on the authorization information in params
     */
    private String getHeaderValueImpl (String uri, String method) {
        String response;
        char[] passwd = pw.getPassword();
        boolean qop = params.authQop();
        String opaque = params.getOpaque();
        String cnonce = params.getCnonce ();
        String nonce = params.getNonce ();
        String algorithm = params.getAlgorithm ();
        params.incrementNC ();
        int  nccount = params.getNCCount ();
        String ncstring=null;

        if (nccount != -1) {
            ncstring = Integer.toHexString (nccount).toLowerCase();
            int len = ncstring.length();
            if (len < 8)
                ncstring = zeroPad [len] + ncstring;
        }

        try {
            response = computeDigest(true, pw.getUserName(),passwd,realm,
                                        method, uri, nonce, cnonce, ncstring);
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
            return null;
        }

        String ncfield = "\"";
        if (qop) {
            ncfield = "\", nc=" + ncstring;
        }

        String value = authMethod
                        + " username=\"" + pw.getUserName()
                        + "\", realm=\"" + realm
                        + "\", nonce=\"" + nonce
                        + ncfield
                        + ", uri=\"" + uri
                        + "\", response=\"" + response
                        + "\", algorithm=\"" + algorithm;
        if (opaque != null) {
            value = value + "\", opaque=\"" + opaque;
        }
        if (cnonce != null) {
            value = value + "\", cnonce=\"" + cnonce;
        }
        if (qop) {
            value = value + "\", qop=\"auth";
        }
        value = value + "\"";
        return value;
    }

    public void checkResponse (String header, String method, URL url)
                                                        throws IOException {
        checkResponse (header, method, url.getFile());
    }

    public void checkResponse (String header, String method, String uri)
                                                        throws IOException {
        char[] passwd = pw.getPassword();
        String username = pw.getUserName();
        boolean qop = params.authQop();
        String opaque = params.getOpaque();
        String cnonce = params.cnonce;
        String nonce = params.getNonce ();
        String algorithm = params.getAlgorithm ();
        int  nccount = params.getNCCount ();
        String ncstring=null;

        if (header == null) {
            throw new ProtocolException ("No authentication information in response");
        }

        if (nccount != -1) {
            ncstring = Integer.toHexString (nccount).toUpperCase();
            int len = ncstring.length();
            if (len < 8)
                ncstring = zeroPad [len] + ncstring;
        }
        try {
            String expected = computeDigest(false, username,passwd,realm,
                                        method, uri, nonce, cnonce, ncstring);
            HeaderParser p = new HeaderParser (header);
            String rspauth = p.findValue ("rspauth");
            if (rspauth == null) {
                throw new ProtocolException ("No digest in response");
            }
            if (!rspauth.equals (expected)) {
                throw new ProtocolException ("Response digest invalid");
            }
            /* Check if there is a nextnonce field */
            String nextnonce = p.findValue ("nextnonce");
            if (nextnonce != null && ! "".equals(nextnonce)) {
                params.setNonce (nextnonce);
            }

        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException ex) {
            throw new ProtocolException ("Unsupported algorithm in response");
        }
    }

    private String computeDigest(
                        boolean isRequest, String userName, char[] password,
                        String realm, String connMethod,
                        String requestURI, String nonceString,
                        String cnonce, String ncValue
                    ) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException
    {

        String A1, HashA1;
        String algorithm = params.getAlgorithm ();
        boolean md5sess = algorithm.equalsIgnoreCase ("MD5-sess");

        MessageDigest md = MessageDigest.getInstance(md5sess?"MD5":algorithm);

        if (md5sess) {
            if ((HashA1 = params.getCachedHA1 ()) == null) {
                String s = userName + ":" + realm + ":";
                String s1 = encode (s, password, md);
                A1 = s1 + ":" + nonceString + ":" + cnonce;
                HashA1 = encode(A1, null, md);
                params.setCachedHA1 (HashA1);
            }
        } else {
            A1 = userName + ":" + realm + ":";
            HashA1 = encode(A1, password, md);
        }

        String A2;
        if (isRequest) {
            A2 = connMethod + ":" + requestURI;
        } else {
            A2 = ":" + requestURI;
        }
        String HashA2 = encode(A2, null, md);
        String combo, finalHash;

        if (params.authQop()) { /* RRC2617 when qop=auth */
            combo = HashA1+ ":" + nonceString + ":" + ncValue + ":" +
                        cnonce + ":auth:" +HashA2;

        } else { /* for compatibility with RFC2069 */
            combo = HashA1 + ":" +
                       nonceString + ":" +
                       HashA2;
        }
        finalHash = encode(combo, null, md);
        return finalHash;
    }

    private final static char charArray[] = {
        '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7',
        '8', '9', 'a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f'
    };

    private final static String zeroPad[] = {
        // 0         1          2         3        4       5      6     7
        "00000000", "0000000", "000000", "00000", "0000", "000", "00", "0"
    };

    private String encode(String src, char[] passwd, MessageDigest md) {
        try {
            md.update(src.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"));
        } catch (java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException uee) {
            assert false;
        }
        if (passwd != null) {
            byte[] passwdBytes = new byte[passwd.length];
            for (int i=0; i<passwd.length; i++)
                passwdBytes[i] = (byte)passwd[i];
            md.update(passwdBytes);
            Arrays.fill(passwdBytes, (byte)0x00);
        }
        byte[] digest = md.digest();

        StringBuffer res = new StringBuffer(digest.length * 2);
        for (int i = 0; i < digest.length; i++) {
            int hashchar = ((digest[i] >>> 4) & 0xf);
            res.append(charArray[hashchar]);
            hashchar = (digest[i] & 0xf);
            res.append(charArray[hashchar]);
        }
        return res.toString();
    }
}