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 * Copyright (c) 2012, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
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 */
package sun.misc;

import java.util.concurrent.ThreadLocalRandom;

Hashing utilities.
Little endian implementations of Murmur3 hashing.
/**
 * Hashing utilities.
 *
 * Little endian implementations of Murmur3 hashing.
 */
public class Hashing {

    
Static utility methods only.
/**
     * Static utility methods only.
     */
    private Hashing() {
        throw new Error("No instances");
    }

    public static int murmur3_32(byte[] data) {
        return murmur3_32(0, data, 0, data.length);
    }

    public static int murmur3_32(int seed, byte[] data) {
        return murmur3_32(seed, data, 0, data.length);
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("fallthrough")
    public static int murmur3_32(int seed, byte[] data, int offset, int len) {
        int h1 = seed;
        int count = len;

        // body
        while (count >= 4) {
            int k1 = (data[offset] & 0x0FF)
                    | (data[offset + 1] & 0x0FF) << 8
                    | (data[offset + 2] & 0x0FF) << 16
                    | data[offset + 3] << 24;

            count -= 4;
            offset += 4;

            k1 *= 0xcc9e2d51;
            k1 = Integer.rotateLeft(k1, 15);
            k1 *= 0x1b873593;

            h1 ^= k1;
            h1 = Integer.rotateLeft(h1, 13);
            h1 = h1 * 5 + 0xe6546b64;
        }

        // tail

        if (count > 0) {
            int k1 = 0;

            switch (count) {
                case 3:
                    k1 ^= (data[offset + 2] & 0xff) << 16;
                // fall through
                case 2:
                    k1 ^= (data[offset + 1] & 0xff) << 8;
                // fall through
                case 1:
                    k1 ^= (data[offset] & 0xff);
                // fall through
                default:
                    k1 *= 0xcc9e2d51;
                    k1 = Integer.rotateLeft(k1, 15);
                    k1 *= 0x1b873593;
                    h1 ^= k1;
            }
        }

        // finalization

        h1 ^= len;

        // finalization mix force all bits of a hash block to avalanche
        h1 ^= h1 >>> 16;
        h1 *= 0x85ebca6b;
        h1 ^= h1 >>> 13;
        h1 *= 0xc2b2ae35;
        h1 ^= h1 >>> 16;

        return h1;
    }

    public static int murmur3_32(char[] data) {
        return murmur3_32(0, data, 0, data.length);
    }

    public static int murmur3_32(int seed, char[] data) {
        return murmur3_32(seed, data, 0, data.length);
    }

    public static int murmur3_32(int seed, char[] data, int offset, int len) {
        int h1 = seed;

        int off = offset;
        int count = len;

        // body
        while (count >= 2) {
            int k1 = (data[off++] & 0xFFFF) | (data[off++] << 16);

            count -= 2;

            k1 *= 0xcc9e2d51;
            k1 = Integer.rotateLeft(k1, 15);
            k1 *= 0x1b873593;

            h1 ^= k1;
            h1 = Integer.rotateLeft(h1, 13);
            h1 = h1 * 5 + 0xe6546b64;
        }

        // tail

        if (count > 0) {
            int k1 = data[off];

            k1 *= 0xcc9e2d51;
            k1 = Integer.rotateLeft(k1, 15);
            k1 *= 0x1b873593;
            h1 ^= k1;
        }

        // finalization

        h1 ^= len * (Character.SIZE / Byte.SIZE);

        // finalization mix force all bits of a hash block to avalanche
        h1 ^= h1 >>> 16;
        h1 *= 0x85ebca6b;
        h1 ^= h1 >>> 13;
        h1 *= 0xc2b2ae35;
        h1 ^= h1 >>> 16;

        return h1;
    }

    public static int murmur3_32(int[] data) {
        return murmur3_32(0, data, 0, data.length);
    }

    public static int murmur3_32(int seed, int[] data) {
        return murmur3_32(seed, data, 0, data.length);
    }

    public static int murmur3_32(int seed, int[] data, int offset, int len) {
        int h1 = seed;

        int off = offset;
        int end = offset + len;

        // body
        while (off < end) {
            int k1 = data[off++];

            k1 *= 0xcc9e2d51;
            k1 = Integer.rotateLeft(k1, 15);
            k1 *= 0x1b873593;

            h1 ^= k1;
            h1 = Integer.rotateLeft(h1, 13);
            h1 = h1 * 5 + 0xe6546b64;
        }

        // tail (always empty, as body is always 32-bit chunks)

        // finalization

        h1 ^= len * (Integer.SIZE / Byte.SIZE);

        // finalization mix force all bits of a hash block to avalanche
        h1 ^= h1 >>> 16;
        h1 *= 0x85ebca6b;
        h1 ^= h1 >>> 13;
        h1 *= 0xc2b2ae35;
        h1 ^= h1 >>> 16;

        return h1;
    }

    
Holds references to things that can't be initialized until after VM
is fully booted.
/**
     * Holds references to things that can't be initialized until after VM
     * is fully booted.
     */
    private static class Holder {

        
Access to String.hash32() /**
         * Access to {@code String.hash32()}
         */
        static final JavaLangAccess LANG_ACCESS;

        static {
            LANG_ACCESS = SharedSecrets.getJavaLangAccess();
            if (null == LANG_ACCESS) {
                throw new Error("Shared secrets not initialized");
            }
        }
    }

    
Return a 32 bit hash value for the specified string. The algorithm is
unspecified but will be consistent within a VM instance.
Params:
string – String to be hashed.
Returns:
hash value of the string./**
     * Return a 32 bit hash value for the specified string. The algorithm is
     * unspecified but will be consistent within a VM instance.
     *
     * @param string String to be hashed.
     * @return hash value of the string.
     */
    public static int stringHash32(String string) {
        return Holder.LANG_ACCESS.getStringHash32(string);
    }

    
Return a non-zero 32-bit pseudo random value. The instance object may be used as part of the value. 
Params:
instance – an object to use if desired in choosing value.
Returns:
a non-zero 32-bit pseudo random value./**
     * Return a non-zero 32-bit pseudo random value. The {@code instance} object
     * may be used as part of the value.
     *
     * @param instance an object to use if desired in choosing value.
     * @return a non-zero 32-bit pseudo random value.
     */
    public static int randomHashSeed(Object instance) {
        int seed;
        if (sun.misc.VM.isBooted()) {
            seed = ThreadLocalRandom.current().nextInt();
        } else {
            // lower quality "random" seed value--still better than zero and not
            // not practically reversible.
            int hashing_seed[] = {
                System.identityHashCode(Hashing.class),
                System.identityHashCode(instance),
                System.identityHashCode(Thread.currentThread()),
                (int) Thread.currentThread().getId(),
                (int) (System.currentTimeMillis() >>> 2), // resolution is poor
                (int) (System.nanoTime() >>> 5), // resolution is poor
                (int) (Runtime.getRuntime().freeMemory() >>> 4) // alloc min
            };

            seed = murmur3_32(hashing_seed);
        }

        // force to non-zero.
        return (0 != seed) ? seed : 1;
    }
}