/*
 * Copyright (c) 2000, 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
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 */


package java.util.logging;

import java.lang.ref.WeakReference;
import java.security.AccessController;
import java.security.PrivilegedAction;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Locale;
import java.util.MissingResourceException;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import java.util.concurrent.CopyOnWriteArrayList;
import sun.reflect.CallerSensitive;
import sun.reflect.Reflection;

A Logger object is used to log messages for a specific
system or application component.  Loggers are normally named,
using a hierarchical dot-separated namespace.  Logger names
can be arbitrary strings, but they should normally be based on
the package name or class name of the logged component, such
as java.net or javax.swing.  In addition it is possible to create
"anonymous" Loggers that are not stored in the Logger namespace.
 Logger objects may be obtained by calls on one of the getLogger factory methods. These will either create a new Logger or return a suitable existing Logger. It is important to note that the Logger returned by one of the getLogger factory methods may be garbage collected at any time if a strong reference to the Logger is not kept. 

Logging messages will be forwarded to registered Handler
objects, which can forward the messages to a variety of
destinations, including consoles, files, OS logs, etc.

Each Logger keeps track of a "parent" Logger, which is its
nearest existing ancestor in the Logger namespace.

Each Logger has a "Level" associated with it.  This reflects
a minimum Level that this logger cares about.  If a Logger's
level is set to null, then its effective level is inherited
from its parent, which may in turn obtain it recursively from its
parent, and so on up the tree.

The log level can be configured based on the properties from the
logging configuration file, as described in the description
of the LogManager class.  However it may also be dynamically changed
by calls on the Logger.setLevel method.  If a logger's level is
changed the change may also affect child loggers, since any child
logger that has null as its level will inherit its
effective level from its parent.

On each logging call the Logger initially performs a cheap
check of the request level (e.g., SEVERE or FINE) against the
effective log level of the logger.  If the request level is
lower than the log level, the logging call returns immediately.

After passing this initial (cheap) test, the Logger will allocate
a LogRecord to describe the logging message.  It will then call a
Filter (if present) to do a more detailed check on whether the
record should be published.  If that passes it will then publish
the LogRecord to its output Handlers.  By default, loggers also
publish to their parent's Handlers, recursively up the tree.

Each Logger may have a ResourceBundle name associated with it.
The named bundle will be used for localizing logging messages.
If a Logger does not have its own ResourceBundle name, then
it will inherit the ResourceBundle name from its parent,
recursively up the tree.

Most of the logger output methods take a "msg" argument.  This
msg argument may be either a raw value or a localization key.
During formatting, if the logger has (or inherits) a localization
ResourceBundle and if the ResourceBundle has a mapping for the msg
string, then the msg string is replaced by the localized value.
Otherwise the original msg string is used.  Typically, formatters use
java.text.MessageFormat style formatting to format parameters, so
for example a format string "{0} {1}" would format two parameters
as strings.

When mapping ResourceBundle names to ResourceBundles, the Logger
will first try to use the Thread's ContextClassLoader.  If that
is null it will try the SystemClassLoader instead.  As a temporary
transition feature in the initial implementation, if the Logger is
unable to locate a ResourceBundle from the ContextClassLoader or
SystemClassLoader the Logger will also search up the class stack
and use successive calling ClassLoaders to try to locate a ResourceBundle.
(This call stack search is to allow containers to transition to
using ContextClassLoaders and is likely to be removed in future
versions.)

Formatting (including localization) is the responsibility of
the output Handler, which will typically call a Formatter.

Note that formatting need not occur synchronously.  It may be delayed
until a LogRecord is actually written to an external sink.

The logging methods are grouped in five main categories:


    There are a set of "log" methods that take a log level, a message
    string, and optionally some parameters to the message string.

    There are a set of "logp" methods (for "log precise") that are
    like the "log" methods, but also take an explicit source class name
    and method name.

    There are a set of "logrb" method (for "log with resource bundle")
    that are like the "logp" method, but also take an explicit resource
    bundle name for use in localizing the log message.

    There are convenience methods for tracing method entries (the
    "entering" methods), method returns (the "exiting" methods) and
    throwing exceptions (the "throwing" methods).

    Finally, there are a set of convenience methods for use in the
    very simplest cases, when a developer simply wants to log a
    simple string at a given log level.  These methods are named
    after the standard Level names ("severe", "warning", "info", etc.)
    and take a single argument, a message string.


For the methods that do not take an explicit source name and
method name, the Logging framework will make a "best effort"
to determine which class and method called into the logging method.
However, it is important to realize that this automatically inferred
information may only be approximate (or may even be quite wrong!).
Virtual machines are allowed to do extensive optimizations when
JITing and may entirely remove stack frames, making it impossible
to reliably locate the calling class and method.

All methods on Logger are multi-thread safe.

Subclassing Information: Note that a LogManager class may
provide its own implementation of named Loggers for any point in
the namespace.  Therefore, any subclasses of Logger (unless they
are implemented in conjunction with a new LogManager class) should
take care to obtain a Logger instance from the LogManager class and
should delegate operations such as "isLoggable" and "log(LogRecord)"
to that instance.  Note that in order to intercept all logging
output, subclasses need only override the log(LogRecord) method.
All the other logging methods are implemented as calls on this
log(LogRecord) method.
Since:
1.4/**
 * A Logger object is used to log messages for a specific
 * system or application component.  Loggers are normally named,
 * using a hierarchical dot-separated namespace.  Logger names
 * can be arbitrary strings, but they should normally be based on
 * the package name or class name of the logged component, such
 * as java.net or javax.swing.  In addition it is possible to create
 * "anonymous" Loggers that are not stored in the Logger namespace.
 * <p>
 * Logger objects may be obtained by calls on one of the getLogger
 * factory methods.  These will either create a new Logger or
 * return a suitable existing Logger. It is important to note that
 * the Logger returned by one of the {@code getLogger} factory methods
 * may be garbage collected at any time if a strong reference to the
 * Logger is not kept.
 * <p>
 * Logging messages will be forwarded to registered Handler
 * objects, which can forward the messages to a variety of
 * destinations, including consoles, files, OS logs, etc.
 * <p>
 * Each Logger keeps track of a "parent" Logger, which is its
 * nearest existing ancestor in the Logger namespace.
 * <p>
 * Each Logger has a "Level" associated with it.  This reflects
 * a minimum Level that this logger cares about.  If a Logger's
 * level is set to <tt>null</tt>, then its effective level is inherited
 * from its parent, which may in turn obtain it recursively from its
 * parent, and so on up the tree.
 * <p>
 * The log level can be configured based on the properties from the
 * logging configuration file, as described in the description
 * of the LogManager class.  However it may also be dynamically changed
 * by calls on the Logger.setLevel method.  If a logger's level is
 * changed the change may also affect child loggers, since any child
 * logger that has <tt>null</tt> as its level will inherit its
 * effective level from its parent.
 * <p>
 * On each logging call the Logger initially performs a cheap
 * check of the request level (e.g., SEVERE or FINE) against the
 * effective log level of the logger.  If the request level is
 * lower than the log level, the logging call returns immediately.
 * <p>
 * After passing this initial (cheap) test, the Logger will allocate
 * a LogRecord to describe the logging message.  It will then call a
 * Filter (if present) to do a more detailed check on whether the
 * record should be published.  If that passes it will then publish
 * the LogRecord to its output Handlers.  By default, loggers also
 * publish to their parent's Handlers, recursively up the tree.
 * <p>
 * Each Logger may have a ResourceBundle name associated with it.
 * The named bundle will be used for localizing logging messages.
 * If a Logger does not have its own ResourceBundle name, then
 * it will inherit the ResourceBundle name from its parent,
 * recursively up the tree.
 * <p>
 * Most of the logger output methods take a "msg" argument.  This
 * msg argument may be either a raw value or a localization key.
 * During formatting, if the logger has (or inherits) a localization
 * ResourceBundle and if the ResourceBundle has a mapping for the msg
 * string, then the msg string is replaced by the localized value.
 * Otherwise the original msg string is used.  Typically, formatters use
 * java.text.MessageFormat style formatting to format parameters, so
 * for example a format string "{0} {1}" would format two parameters
 * as strings.
 * <p>
 * When mapping ResourceBundle names to ResourceBundles, the Logger
 * will first try to use the Thread's ContextClassLoader.  If that
 * is null it will try the SystemClassLoader instead.  As a temporary
 * transition feature in the initial implementation, if the Logger is
 * unable to locate a ResourceBundle from the ContextClassLoader or
 * SystemClassLoader the Logger will also search up the class stack
 * and use successive calling ClassLoaders to try to locate a ResourceBundle.
 * (This call stack search is to allow containers to transition to
 * using ContextClassLoaders and is likely to be removed in future
 * versions.)
 * <p>
 * Formatting (including localization) is the responsibility of
 * the output Handler, which will typically call a Formatter.
 * <p>
 * Note that formatting need not occur synchronously.  It may be delayed
 * until a LogRecord is actually written to an external sink.
 * <p>
 * The logging methods are grouped in five main categories:
 * <ul>
 * <li><p>
 *     There are a set of "log" methods that take a log level, a message
 *     string, and optionally some parameters to the message string.
 * <li><p>
 *     There are a set of "logp" methods (for "log precise") that are
 *     like the "log" methods, but also take an explicit source class name
 *     and method name.
 * <li><p>
 *     There are a set of "logrb" method (for "log with resource bundle")
 *     that are like the "logp" method, but also take an explicit resource
 *     bundle name for use in localizing the log message.
 * <li><p>
 *     There are convenience methods for tracing method entries (the
 *     "entering" methods), method returns (the "exiting" methods) and
 *     throwing exceptions (the "throwing" methods).
 * <li><p>
 *     Finally, there are a set of convenience methods for use in the
 *     very simplest cases, when a developer simply wants to log a
 *     simple string at a given log level.  These methods are named
 *     after the standard Level names ("severe", "warning", "info", etc.)
 *     and take a single argument, a message string.
 * </ul>
 * <p>
 * For the methods that do not take an explicit source name and
 * method name, the Logging framework will make a "best effort"
 * to determine which class and method called into the logging method.
 * However, it is important to realize that this automatically inferred
 * information may only be approximate (or may even be quite wrong!).
 * Virtual machines are allowed to do extensive optimizations when
 * JITing and may entirely remove stack frames, making it impossible
 * to reliably locate the calling class and method.
 * <P>
 * All methods on Logger are multi-thread safe.
 * <p>
 * <b>Subclassing Information:</b> Note that a LogManager class may
 * provide its own implementation of named Loggers for any point in
 * the namespace.  Therefore, any subclasses of Logger (unless they
 * are implemented in conjunction with a new LogManager class) should
 * take care to obtain a Logger instance from the LogManager class and
 * should delegate operations such as "isLoggable" and "log(LogRecord)"
 * to that instance.  Note that in order to intercept all logging
 * output, subclasses need only override the log(LogRecord) method.
 * All the other logging methods are implemented as calls on this
 * log(LogRecord) method.
 *
 * @since 1.4
 */


public class Logger {
    private static final Handler emptyHandlers[] = new Handler[0];
    private static final int offValue = Level.OFF.intValue();
    private volatile LogManager manager;
    private String name;
    private final CopyOnWriteArrayList<Handler> handlers =
        new CopyOnWriteArrayList<>();
    private volatile String resourceBundleName;
    private volatile boolean useParentHandlers = true;
    private volatile Filter filter;
    private boolean anonymous;

    private ResourceBundle catalog;     // Cached resource bundle
    private String catalogName;         // name associated with catalog
    private Locale catalogLocale;       // locale associated with catalog

    // The fields relating to parent-child relationships and levels
    // are managed under a separate lock, the treeLock.
    private static final Object treeLock = new Object();
    // We keep weak references from parents to children, but strong
    // references from children to parents.
    private volatile Logger parent;    // our nearest parent.
    private ArrayList<LogManager.LoggerWeakRef> kids;   // WeakReferences to loggers that have us as parent
    private volatile Level levelObject;
    private volatile int levelValue;  // current effective level value
    private WeakReference<ClassLoader> callersClassLoaderRef;
    private final boolean isSystemLogger;

    
GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME is a name for the global logger.
Since:
1.6/**
     * GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME is a name for the global logger.
     *
     * @since 1.6
     */
    public static final String GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME = "global";

    
Return global logger object with the name Logger.GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME.
Returns:
global logger object
Since:
1.7/**
     * Return global logger object with the name Logger.GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME.
     *
     * @return global logger object
     * @since 1.7
     */
    public static final Logger getGlobal() {
        return global;
    }

    
The "global" Logger object is provided as a convenience to developers
who are making casual use of the Logging package.  Developers
who are making serious use of the logging package (for example
in products) should create and use their own Logger objects,
with appropriate names, so that logging can be controlled on a
suitable per-Logger granularity. Developers also need to keep a
strong reference to their Logger objects to prevent them from
being garbage collected.

Deprecated:
Initialization of this field is prone to deadlocks.
The field must be initialized by the Logger class initialization
which may cause deadlocks with the LogManager class initialization.
In such cases two class initialization wait for each other to complete.
The preferred way to get the global logger object is via the call
Logger.getGlobal().
For compatibility with old JDK versions where the
Logger.getGlobal() is not available use the call
Logger.getLogger(Logger.GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME)
or Logger.getLogger("global")./**
     * The "global" Logger object is provided as a convenience to developers
     * who are making casual use of the Logging package.  Developers
     * who are making serious use of the logging package (for example
     * in products) should create and use their own Logger objects,
     * with appropriate names, so that logging can be controlled on a
     * suitable per-Logger granularity. Developers also need to keep a
     * strong reference to their Logger objects to prevent them from
     * being garbage collected.
     * <p>
     * @deprecated Initialization of this field is prone to deadlocks.
     * The field must be initialized by the Logger class initialization
     * which may cause deadlocks with the LogManager class initialization.
     * In such cases two class initialization wait for each other to complete.
     * The preferred way to get the global logger object is via the call
     * <code>Logger.getGlobal()</code>.
     * For compatibility with old JDK versions where the
     * <code>Logger.getGlobal()</code> is not available use the call
     * <code>Logger.getLogger(Logger.GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME)</code>
     * or <code>Logger.getLogger("global")</code>.
     */
    @Deprecated
    public static final Logger global = new Logger(GLOBAL_LOGGER_NAME);

    
Protected method to construct a logger for a named subsystem.

The logger will be initially configured with a null Level
and with useParentHandlers set to true.
Params:
name –    A name for the logger.  This should
                         be a dot-separated name and should normally
                         be based on the package name or class name
                         of the subsystem, such as java.net
                         or javax.swing.  It may be null for anonymous Loggers.
resourceBundleName –  name of ResourceBundle to be used for localizing
                         messages for this logger.  May be null if none
                         of the messages require localization.
Throws:
MissingResourceException – if the resourceBundleName is non-null and
            no corresponding resource can be found./**
     * Protected method to construct a logger for a named subsystem.
     * <p>
     * The logger will be initially configured with a null Level
     * and with useParentHandlers set to true.
     *
     * @param   name    A name for the logger.  This should
     *                          be a dot-separated name and should normally
     *                          be based on the package name or class name
     *                          of the subsystem, such as java.net
     *                          or javax.swing.  It may be null for anonymous Loggers.
     * @param   resourceBundleName  name of ResourceBundle to be used for localizing
     *                          messages for this logger.  May be null if none
     *                          of the messages require localization.
     * @throws MissingResourceException if the resourceBundleName is non-null and
     *             no corresponding resource can be found.
     */
    protected Logger(String name, String resourceBundleName) {
        this(name, resourceBundleName, null, false);
    }

    Logger(String name, String resourceBundleName, Class<?> caller, boolean isSystemLogger) {
        this.manager = LogManager.getLogManager();
        this.isSystemLogger = isSystemLogger;
        setupResourceInfo(resourceBundleName, caller);
        this.name = name;
        levelValue = Level.INFO.intValue();
    }

    private void setCallersClassLoaderRef(Class<?> caller) {
        ClassLoader callersClassLoader = ((caller != null)
                                         ? caller.getClassLoader()
                                         : null);
        if (callersClassLoader != null) {
            this.callersClassLoaderRef = new WeakReference(callersClassLoader);
        }
    }

    private ClassLoader getCallersClassLoader() {
        return (callersClassLoaderRef != null)
                ? callersClassLoaderRef.get()
                : null;
    }

    // This constructor is used only to create the global Logger.
    // It is needed to break a cyclic dependence between the LogManager
    // and Logger static initializers causing deadlocks.
    private Logger(String name) {
        // The manager field is not initialized here.
        this.name = name;
        this.isSystemLogger = true;
        levelValue = Level.INFO.intValue();
    }

    // It is called from the LogManager.<clinit> to complete
    // initialization of the global Logger.
    void setLogManager(LogManager manager) {
        this.manager = manager;
    }

    private void checkPermission() throws SecurityException {
        if (!anonymous) {
            if (manager == null) {
                // Complete initialization of the global Logger.
                manager = LogManager.getLogManager();
            }
            manager.checkPermission();
        }
    }

    // Until all JDK code converted to call sun.util.logging.PlatformLogger
    // (see 7054233), we need to determine if Logger.getLogger is to add
    // a system logger or user logger.
    //
    // As an interim solution, if the immediate caller whose caller loader is
    // null, we assume it's a system logger and add it to the system context.
    // These system loggers only set the resource bundle to the given
    // resource bundle name (rather than the default system resource bundle).
    private static class LoggerHelper {
        static boolean disableCallerCheck =
            getBooleanProperty("sun.util.logging.disableCallerCheck");

        // workaround to turn on the old behavior for resource bundle search
        static boolean allowStackWalkSearch =
            getBooleanProperty("jdk.logging.allowStackWalkSearch");
        private static boolean getBooleanProperty(final String key) {
            String s = AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<String>() {
                public String run() {
                    return System.getProperty(key);
                }
            });
            return Boolean.valueOf(s);
        }
    }

    private static Logger demandLogger(String name, String resourceBundleName, Class<?> caller) {
        LogManager manager = LogManager.getLogManager();
        SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
        if (sm != null && !LoggerHelper.disableCallerCheck) {
            if (caller.getClassLoader() == null) {
                return manager.demandSystemLogger(name, resourceBundleName);
            }
        }
        return manager.demandLogger(name, resourceBundleName, caller);
        // ends up calling new Logger(name, resourceBundleName, caller)
        // iff the logger doesn't exist already
    }

    
Find or create a logger for a named subsystem.  If a logger has
already been created with the given name it is returned.  Otherwise
a new logger is created.

If a new logger is created its log level will be configured
based on the LogManager configuration and it will configured
to also send logging output to its parent's Handlers.  It will
be registered in the LogManager global namespace.
 Note: The LogManager may only retain a weak reference to the newly created Logger. It is important to understand that a previously created Logger with the given name may be garbage collected at any time if there is no strong reference to the Logger. In particular, this means that two back-to-back calls like getLogger("MyLogger").log(...) may use different Logger objects named "MyLogger" if there is no strong reference to the Logger named "MyLogger" elsewhere in the program. 
Params:
name –            A name for the logger.  This should
                         be a dot-separated name and should normally
                         be based on the package name or class name
                         of the subsystem, such as java.net
                         or javax.swing
Throws:
NullPointerException – if the name is null.
Returns:
a suitable Logger/**
     * Find or create a logger for a named subsystem.  If a logger has
     * already been created with the given name it is returned.  Otherwise
     * a new logger is created.
     * <p>
     * If a new logger is created its log level will be configured
     * based on the LogManager configuration and it will configured
     * to also send logging output to its parent's Handlers.  It will
     * be registered in the LogManager global namespace.
     * <p>
     * Note: The LogManager may only retain a weak reference to the newly
     * created Logger. It is important to understand that a previously
     * created Logger with the given name may be garbage collected at any
     * time if there is no strong reference to the Logger. In particular,
     * this means that two back-to-back calls like
     * {@code getLogger("MyLogger").log(...)} may use different Logger
     * objects named "MyLogger" if there is no strong reference to the
     * Logger named "MyLogger" elsewhere in the program.
     *
     * @param   name            A name for the logger.  This should
     *                          be a dot-separated name and should normally
     *                          be based on the package name or class name
     *                          of the subsystem, such as java.net
     *                          or javax.swing
     * @return a suitable Logger
     * @throws NullPointerException if the name is null.
     */

    // Synchronization is not required here. All synchronization for
    // adding a new Logger object is handled by LogManager.addLogger().
    @CallerSensitive
    public static Logger getLogger(String name) {
        // This method is intentionally not a wrapper around a call
        // to getLogger(name, resourceBundleName). If it were then
        // this sequence:
        //
        //     getLogger("Foo", "resourceBundleForFoo");
        //     getLogger("Foo");
        //
        // would throw an IllegalArgumentException in the second call
        // because the wrapper would result in an attempt to replace
        // the existing "resourceBundleForFoo" with null.
        return demandLogger(name, null, Reflection.getCallerClass());
    }

    
Find or create a logger for a named subsystem.  If a logger has
already been created with the given name it is returned.  Otherwise
a new logger is created.

If a new logger is created its log level will be configured
based on the LogManager and it will configured to also send logging
output to its parent's Handlers.  It will be registered in
the LogManager global namespace.
 Note: The LogManager may only retain a weak reference to the newly created Logger. It is important to understand that a previously created Logger with the given name may be garbage collected at any time if there is no strong reference to the Logger. In particular, this means that two back-to-back calls like getLogger("MyLogger", ...).log(...) may use different Logger objects named "MyLogger" if there is no strong reference to the Logger named "MyLogger" elsewhere in the program. 

If the named Logger already exists and does not yet have a
localization resource bundle then the given resource bundle
name is used.  If the named Logger already exists and has
a different resource bundle name then an IllegalArgumentException
is thrown.

Params:
name –    A name for the logger.  This should
                         be a dot-separated name and should normally
                         be based on the package name or class name
                         of the subsystem, such as java.net
                         or javax.swing
resourceBundleName –  name of ResourceBundle to be used for localizing
                         messages for this logger. May be null if none of
                         the messages require localization.
Throws:
MissingResourceException – if the resourceBundleName is non-null and
            no corresponding resource can be found.
IllegalArgumentException – if the Logger already exists and uses
            a different resource bundle name.
NullPointerException – if the name is null.
Returns:
a suitable Logger/**
     * Find or create a logger for a named subsystem.  If a logger has
     * already been created with the given name it is returned.  Otherwise
     * a new logger is created.
     * <p>
     * If a new logger is created its log level will be configured
     * based on the LogManager and it will configured to also send logging
     * output to its parent's Handlers.  It will be registered in
     * the LogManager global namespace.
     * <p>
     * Note: The LogManager may only retain a weak reference to the newly
     * created Logger. It is important to understand that a previously
     * created Logger with the given name may be garbage collected at any
     * time if there is no strong reference to the Logger. In particular,
     * this means that two back-to-back calls like
     * {@code getLogger("MyLogger", ...).log(...)} may use different Logger
     * objects named "MyLogger" if there is no strong reference to the
     * Logger named "MyLogger" elsewhere in the program.
     * <p>
     * If the named Logger already exists and does not yet have a
     * localization resource bundle then the given resource bundle
     * name is used.  If the named Logger already exists and has
     * a different resource bundle name then an IllegalArgumentException
     * is thrown.
     * <p>
     * @param   name    A name for the logger.  This should
     *                          be a dot-separated name and should normally
     *                          be based on the package name or class name
     *                          of the subsystem, such as java.net
     *                          or javax.swing
     * @param   resourceBundleName  name of ResourceBundle to be used for localizing
     *                          messages for this logger. May be <CODE>null</CODE> if none of
     *                          the messages require localization.
     * @return a suitable Logger
     * @throws MissingResourceException if the resourceBundleName is non-null and
     *             no corresponding resource can be found.
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the Logger already exists and uses
     *             a different resource bundle name.
     * @throws NullPointerException if the name is null.
     */

    // Synchronization is not required here. All synchronization for
    // adding a new Logger object is handled by LogManager.addLogger().
    @CallerSensitive
    public static Logger getLogger(String name, String resourceBundleName) {
        Class<?> callerClass = Reflection.getCallerClass();
        Logger result = demandLogger(name, resourceBundleName, callerClass);

        if (result.resourceBundleName == null) {
            // We haven't set a bundle name yet on the Logger, so it's ok to proceed.

            // We have to set the callers ClassLoader here in case demandLogger
            // above found a previously created Logger.  This can happen, for
            // example, if Logger.getLogger(name) is called and subsequently
            // Logger.getLogger(name, resourceBundleName) is called.  In this case
            // we won't necessarily have the correct classloader saved away, so
            // we need to set it here, too.

            // Note: we may get a MissingResourceException here.
            result.setupResourceInfo(resourceBundleName, callerClass);
        } else if (!result.resourceBundleName.equals(resourceBundleName)) {
            // We already had a bundle name on the Logger and we're trying
            // to change it here which is not allowed.
            throw new IllegalArgumentException(result.resourceBundleName +
                                " != " + resourceBundleName);
        }
        return result;
    }

    // package-private
    // Add a platform logger to the system context.
    // i.e. caller of sun.util.logging.PlatformLogger.getLogger
    static Logger getPlatformLogger(String name) {
        LogManager manager = LogManager.getLogManager();

        // all loggers in the system context will default to
        // the system logger's resource bundle
        Logger result = manager.demandSystemLogger(name, SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME);
        return result;
    }

    
Create an anonymous Logger.  The newly created Logger is not
registered in the LogManager namespace.  There will be no
access checks on updates to the logger.

This factory method is primarily intended for use from applets.
Because the resulting Logger is anonymous it can be kept private
by the creating class.  This removes the need for normal security
checks, which in turn allows untrusted applet code to update
the control state of the Logger.  For example an applet can do
a setLevel or an addHandler on an anonymous Logger.

Even although the new logger is anonymous, it is configured
to have the root logger ("") as its parent.  This means that
by default it inherits its effective level and handlers
from the root logger.

Returns:
a newly created private Logger/**
     * Create an anonymous Logger.  The newly created Logger is not
     * registered in the LogManager namespace.  There will be no
     * access checks on updates to the logger.
     * <p>
     * This factory method is primarily intended for use from applets.
     * Because the resulting Logger is anonymous it can be kept private
     * by the creating class.  This removes the need for normal security
     * checks, which in turn allows untrusted applet code to update
     * the control state of the Logger.  For example an applet can do
     * a setLevel or an addHandler on an anonymous Logger.
     * <p>
     * Even although the new logger is anonymous, it is configured
     * to have the root logger ("") as its parent.  This means that
     * by default it inherits its effective level and handlers
     * from the root logger.
     * <p>
     *
     * @return a newly created private Logger
     */
    public static Logger getAnonymousLogger() {
        return getAnonymousLogger(null);
    }

    
Create an anonymous Logger.  The newly created Logger is not
registered in the LogManager namespace.  There will be no
access checks on updates to the logger.

This factory method is primarily intended for use from applets.
Because the resulting Logger is anonymous it can be kept private
by the creating class.  This removes the need for normal security
checks, which in turn allows untrusted applet code to update
the control state of the Logger.  For example an applet can do
a setLevel or an addHandler on an anonymous Logger.

Even although the new logger is anonymous, it is configured
to have the root logger ("") as its parent.  This means that
by default it inherits its effective level and handlers
from the root logger.

Params:
resourceBundleName –  name of ResourceBundle to be used for localizing
                         messages for this logger.
         May be null if none of the messages require localization.
Throws:
MissingResourceException – if the resourceBundleName is non-null and
            no corresponding resource can be found.
Returns:
a newly created private Logger/**
     * Create an anonymous Logger.  The newly created Logger is not
     * registered in the LogManager namespace.  There will be no
     * access checks on updates to the logger.
     * <p>
     * This factory method is primarily intended for use from applets.
     * Because the resulting Logger is anonymous it can be kept private
     * by the creating class.  This removes the need for normal security
     * checks, which in turn allows untrusted applet code to update
     * the control state of the Logger.  For example an applet can do
     * a setLevel or an addHandler on an anonymous Logger.
     * <p>
     * Even although the new logger is anonymous, it is configured
     * to have the root logger ("") as its parent.  This means that
     * by default it inherits its effective level and handlers
     * from the root logger.
     * <p>
     * @param   resourceBundleName  name of ResourceBundle to be used for localizing
     *                          messages for this logger.
     *          May be null if none of the messages require localization.
     * @return a newly created private Logger
     * @throws MissingResourceException if the resourceBundleName is non-null and
     *             no corresponding resource can be found.
     */

    // Synchronization is not required here. All synchronization for
    // adding a new anonymous Logger object is handled by doSetParent().
    @CallerSensitive
    public static Logger getAnonymousLogger(String resourceBundleName) {
        LogManager manager = LogManager.getLogManager();
        // cleanup some Loggers that have been GC'ed
        manager.drainLoggerRefQueueBounded();
        Logger result = new Logger(null, resourceBundleName,
                                   Reflection.getCallerClass(), false);
        result.anonymous = true;
        Logger root = manager.getLogger("");
        result.doSetParent(root);
        return result;
    }

    
Retrieve the localization resource bundle for this
logger for the current default locale.  Note that if
the result is null, then the Logger will use a resource
bundle inherited from its parent.
Returns:
localization bundle (may be null)/**
     * Retrieve the localization resource bundle for this
     * logger for the current default locale.  Note that if
     * the result is null, then the Logger will use a resource
     * bundle inherited from its parent.
     *
     * @return localization bundle (may be null)
     */
    public ResourceBundle getResourceBundle() {
        return findResourceBundle(getResourceBundleName(), true);
    }

    
Retrieve the localization resource bundle name for this
logger.  Note that if the result is null, then the Logger
will use a resource bundle name inherited from its parent.
Returns:
localization bundle name (may be null)/**
     * Retrieve the localization resource bundle name for this
     * logger.  Note that if the result is null, then the Logger
     * will use a resource bundle name inherited from its parent.
     *
     * @return localization bundle name (may be null)
     */
    public String getResourceBundleName() {
        return resourceBundleName;
    }

    
Set a filter to control output on this Logger.

After passing the initial "level" check, the Logger will
call this Filter to check if a log record should really
be published.
Params:
newFilter –  a filter object (may be null)
Throws:
SecurityException –  if a security manager exists and if
            the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control")./**
     * Set a filter to control output on this Logger.
     * <P>
     * After passing the initial "level" check, the Logger will
     * call this Filter to check if a log record should really
     * be published.
     *
     * @param   newFilter  a filter object (may be null)
     * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and if
     *             the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control").
     */
    public void setFilter(Filter newFilter) throws SecurityException {
        checkPermission();
        filter = newFilter;
    }

    
Get the current filter for this Logger.
Returns:
 a filter object (may be null)/**
     * Get the current filter for this Logger.
     *
     * @return  a filter object (may be null)
     */
    public Filter getFilter() {
        return filter;
    }

    
Log a LogRecord.

All the other logging methods in this class call through
this method to actually perform any logging.  Subclasses can
override this single method to capture all log activity.
Params:
record – the LogRecord to be published/**
     * Log a LogRecord.
     * <p>
     * All the other logging methods in this class call through
     * this method to actually perform any logging.  Subclasses can
     * override this single method to capture all log activity.
     *
     * @param record the LogRecord to be published
     */
    public void log(LogRecord record) {
        if (record.getLevel().intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue) {
            return;
        }
        Filter theFilter = filter;
        if (theFilter != null && !theFilter.isLoggable(record)) {
            return;
        }

        // Post the LogRecord to all our Handlers, and then to
        // our parents' handlers, all the way up the tree.

        Logger logger = this;
        while (logger != null) {
            final Handler[] loggerHandlers = isSystemLogger
                ? logger.accessCheckedHandlers()
                : logger.getHandlers();
            for (Handler handler : loggerHandlers) {
                handler.publish(record);
            }

            final boolean useParentHdls = isSystemLogger
                ? logger.useParentHandlers
                : logger.getUseParentHandlers();

            if (!useParentHdls) {
                break;
            }

            logger = isSystemLogger ? logger.parent : logger.getParent();
        }
    }

    // private support method for logging.
    // We fill in the logger name, resource bundle name, and
    // resource bundle and then call "void log(LogRecord)".
    private void doLog(LogRecord lr) {
        lr.setLoggerName(name);
        String ebname = getEffectiveResourceBundleName();
        if (ebname != null && !ebname.equals(SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME)) {
            lr.setResourceBundleName(ebname);
            lr.setResourceBundle(findResourceBundle(ebname, true));
        }
        log(lr);
    }


    //================================================================
    // Start of convenience methods WITHOUT className and methodName
    //================================================================

    
Log a message, with no arguments.

If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
level then the given message is forwarded to all the
registered output Handler objects.

Params:
level –   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)/**
     * Log a message, with no arguments.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
     * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
     * registered output Handler objects.
     * <p>
     * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     */
    public void log(Level level, String msg) {
        if (level.intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue) {
            return;
        }
        LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
        doLog(lr);
    }

    
Log a message, with one object parameter.

If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
to all the registered output Handler objects.

Params:
level –   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
param1 –  parameter to the message/**
     * Log a message, with one object parameter.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
     * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
     * to all the registered output Handler objects.
     * <p>
     * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     * @param   param1  parameter to the message
     */
    public void log(Level level, String msg, Object param1) {
        if (level.intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue) {
            return;
        }
        LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
        Object params[] = { param1 };
        lr.setParameters(params);
        doLog(lr);
    }

    
Log a message, with an array of object arguments.

If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
to all the registered output Handler objects.

Params:
level –   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
params –  array of parameters to the message/**
     * Log a message, with an array of object arguments.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
     * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
     * to all the registered output Handler objects.
     * <p>
     * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     * @param   params  array of parameters to the message
     */
    public void log(Level level, String msg, Object params[]) {
        if (level.intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue) {
            return;
        }
        LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
        lr.setParameters(params);
        doLog(lr);
    }

    
Log a message, with associated Throwable information.

If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.

Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus is it
processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.

Params:
level –   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
thrown –  Throwable associated with log message./**
     * Log a message, with associated Throwable information.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
     * level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
     * which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.
     * <p>
     * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
     * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus is it
     * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
     * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
     * <p>
     * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     * @param   thrown  Throwable associated with log message.
     */
    public void log(Level level, String msg, Throwable thrown) {
        if (level.intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue) {
            return;
        }
        LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
        lr.setThrown(thrown);
        doLog(lr);
    }

    //================================================================
    // Start of convenience methods WITH className and methodName
    //================================================================

    
Log a message, specifying source class and method,
with no arguments.

If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
level then the given message is forwarded to all the
registered output Handler objects.

Params:
level –   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
sourceClass –    name of class that issued the logging request
sourceMethod –   name of method that issued the logging request
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)/**
     * Log a message, specifying source class and method,
     * with no arguments.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
     * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
     * registered output Handler objects.
     * <p>
     * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
     * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
     * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     */
    public void logp(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod, String msg) {
        if (level.intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue) {
            return;
        }
        LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
        lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
        lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
        doLog(lr);
    }

    
Log a message, specifying source class and method,
with a single object parameter to the log message.

If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
to all the registered output Handler objects.

Params:
level –   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
sourceClass –    name of class that issued the logging request
sourceMethod –   name of method that issued the logging request
msg –      The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
param1 –    Parameter to the log message./**
     * Log a message, specifying source class and method,
     * with a single object parameter to the log message.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
     * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
     * to all the registered output Handler objects.
     * <p>
     * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
     * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
     * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
     * @param   msg      The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     * @param   param1    Parameter to the log message.
     */
    public void logp(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
                                                String msg, Object param1) {
        if (level.intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue) {
            return;
        }
        LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
        lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
        lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
        Object params[] = { param1 };
        lr.setParameters(params);
        doLog(lr);
    }

    
Log a message, specifying source class and method,
with an array of object arguments.

If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
to all the registered output Handler objects.

Params:
level –   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
sourceClass –    name of class that issued the logging request
sourceMethod –   name of method that issued the logging request
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
params –  Array of parameters to the message/**
     * Log a message, specifying source class and method,
     * with an array of object arguments.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
     * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
     * to all the registered output Handler objects.
     * <p>
     * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
     * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
     * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     * @param   params  Array of parameters to the message
     */
    public void logp(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
                                                String msg, Object params[]) {
        if (level.intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue) {
            return;
        }
        LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
        lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
        lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
        lr.setParameters(params);
        doLog(lr);
    }

    
Log a message, specifying source class and method,
with associated Throwable information.

If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.

Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus is it
processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.

Params:
level –   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
sourceClass –    name of class that issued the logging request
sourceMethod –   name of method that issued the logging request
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
thrown –  Throwable associated with log message./**
     * Log a message, specifying source class and method,
     * with associated Throwable information.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
     * level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
     * which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.
     * <p>
     * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
     * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus is it
     * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
     * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
     * <p>
     * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
     * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
     * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     * @param   thrown  Throwable associated with log message.
     */
    public void logp(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
                                                        String msg, Throwable thrown) {
        if (level.intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue) {
            return;
        }
        LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
        lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
        lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
        lr.setThrown(thrown);
        doLog(lr);
    }


    //=========================================================================
    // Start of convenience methods WITH className, methodName and bundle name.
    //=========================================================================

    // Private support method for logging for "logrb" methods.
    // We fill in the logger name, resource bundle name, and
    // resource bundle and then call "void log(LogRecord)".
    private void doLog(LogRecord lr, String rbname) {
        lr.setLoggerName(name);
        if (rbname != null) {
            lr.setResourceBundleName(rbname);
            lr.setResourceBundle(findResourceBundle(rbname, false));
        }
        log(lr);
    }

    
Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle name
with no arguments.

If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
level then the given message is forwarded to all the
registered output Handler objects.

The msg string is localized using the named resource bundle.  If the
resource bundle name is null, or an empty String or invalid
then the msg string is not localized.

Params:
level –   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
sourceClass –    name of class that issued the logging request
sourceMethod –   name of method that issued the logging request
bundleName –     name of resource bundle to localize msg,
                        can be null
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)/**
     * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle name
     * with no arguments.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
     * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
     * registered output Handler objects.
     * <p>
     * The msg string is localized using the named resource bundle.  If the
     * resource bundle name is null, or an empty String or invalid
     * then the msg string is not localized.
     * <p>
     * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
     * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
     * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
     * @param   bundleName     name of resource bundle to localize msg,
     *                         can be null
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     */
    public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
                                String bundleName, String msg) {
        if (level.intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue) {
            return;
        }
        LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
        lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
        lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
        doLog(lr, bundleName);
    }

    
Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle name,
with a single object parameter to the log message.

If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
to all the registered output Handler objects.

The msg string is localized using the named resource bundle.  If the
resource bundle name is null, or an empty String or invalid
then the msg string is not localized.

Params:
level –   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
sourceClass –    name of class that issued the logging request
sourceMethod –   name of method that issued the logging request
bundleName –     name of resource bundle to localize msg,
                        can be null
msg –      The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
param1 –    Parameter to the log message./**
     * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle name,
     * with a single object parameter to the log message.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
     * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
     * to all the registered output Handler objects.
     * <p>
     * The msg string is localized using the named resource bundle.  If the
     * resource bundle name is null, or an empty String or invalid
     * then the msg string is not localized.
     * <p>
     * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
     * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
     * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
     * @param   bundleName     name of resource bundle to localize msg,
     *                         can be null
     * @param   msg      The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     * @param   param1    Parameter to the log message.
     */
    public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
                                String bundleName, String msg, Object param1) {
        if (level.intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue) {
            return;
        }
        LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
        lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
        lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
        Object params[] = { param1 };
        lr.setParameters(params);
        doLog(lr, bundleName);
    }

    
Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle name,
with an array of object arguments.

If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
to all the registered output Handler objects.

The msg string is localized using the named resource bundle.  If the
resource bundle name is null, or an empty String or invalid
then the msg string is not localized.

Params:
level –   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
sourceClass –    name of class that issued the logging request
sourceMethod –   name of method that issued the logging request
bundleName –     name of resource bundle to localize msg,
                        can be null.
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
params –  Array of parameters to the message/**
     * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle name,
     * with an array of object arguments.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
     * level then a corresponding LogRecord is created and forwarded
     * to all the registered output Handler objects.
     * <p>
     * The msg string is localized using the named resource bundle.  If the
     * resource bundle name is null, or an empty String or invalid
     * then the msg string is not localized.
     * <p>
     * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
     * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
     * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
     * @param   bundleName     name of resource bundle to localize msg,
     *                         can be null.
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     * @param   params  Array of parameters to the message
     */
    public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
                                String bundleName, String msg, Object params[]) {
        if (level.intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue) {
            return;
        }
        LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
        lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
        lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
        lr.setParameters(params);
        doLog(lr, bundleName);
    }

    
Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle name,
with associated Throwable information.

If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.

The msg string is localized using the named resource bundle.  If the
resource bundle name is null, or an empty String or invalid
then the msg string is not localized.

Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus is it
processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.

Params:
level –   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
sourceClass –    name of class that issued the logging request
sourceMethod –   name of method that issued the logging request
bundleName –     name of resource bundle to localize msg,
                        can be null
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
thrown –  Throwable associated with log message./**
     * Log a message, specifying source class, method, and resource bundle name,
     * with associated Throwable information.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
     * level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
     * which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.
     * <p>
     * The msg string is localized using the named resource bundle.  If the
     * resource bundle name is null, or an empty String or invalid
     * then the msg string is not localized.
     * <p>
     * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
     * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus is it
     * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
     * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
     * <p>
     * @param   level   One of the message level identifiers, e.g., SEVERE
     * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
     * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that issued the logging request
     * @param   bundleName     name of resource bundle to localize msg,
     *                         can be null
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     * @param   thrown  Throwable associated with log message.
     */
    public void logrb(Level level, String sourceClass, String sourceMethod,
                                        String bundleName, String msg, Throwable thrown) {
        if (level.intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue) {
            return;
        }
        LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(level, msg);
        lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
        lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
        lr.setThrown(thrown);
        doLog(lr, bundleName);
    }


    //======================================================================
    // Start of convenience methods for logging method entries and returns.
    //======================================================================

    
Log a method entry.

This is a convenience method that can be used to log entry
to a method.  A LogRecord with message "ENTRY", log level
FINER, and the given sourceMethod and sourceClass is logged.

Params:
sourceClass –    name of class that issued the logging request
sourceMethod –   name of method that is being entered/**
     * Log a method entry.
     * <p>
     * This is a convenience method that can be used to log entry
     * to a method.  A LogRecord with message "ENTRY", log level
     * FINER, and the given sourceMethod and sourceClass is logged.
     * <p>
     * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
     * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that is being entered
     */
    public void entering(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod) {
        if (Level.FINER.intValue() < levelValue) {
            return;
        }
        logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, "ENTRY");
    }

    
Log a method entry, with one parameter.

This is a convenience method that can be used to log entry
to a method.  A LogRecord with message "ENTRY {0}", log level
FINER, and the given sourceMethod, sourceClass, and parameter
is logged.

Params:
sourceClass –    name of class that issued the logging request
sourceMethod –   name of method that is being entered
param1 –         parameter to the method being entered/**
     * Log a method entry, with one parameter.
     * <p>
     * This is a convenience method that can be used to log entry
     * to a method.  A LogRecord with message "ENTRY {0}", log level
     * FINER, and the given sourceMethod, sourceClass, and parameter
     * is logged.
     * <p>
     * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
     * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that is being entered
     * @param   param1         parameter to the method being entered
     */
    public void entering(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod, Object param1) {
        if (Level.FINER.intValue() < levelValue) {
            return;
        }
        Object params[] = { param1 };
        logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, "ENTRY {0}", params);
    }

    
Log a method entry, with an array of parameters.

This is a convenience method that can be used to log entry
to a method.  A LogRecord with message "ENTRY" (followed by a
format {N} indicator for each entry in the parameter array),
log level FINER, and the given sourceMethod, sourceClass, and
parameters is logged.

Params:
sourceClass –    name of class that issued the logging request
sourceMethod –   name of method that is being entered
params –         array of parameters to the method being entered/**
     * Log a method entry, with an array of parameters.
     * <p>
     * This is a convenience method that can be used to log entry
     * to a method.  A LogRecord with message "ENTRY" (followed by a
     * format {N} indicator for each entry in the parameter array),
     * log level FINER, and the given sourceMethod, sourceClass, and
     * parameters is logged.
     * <p>
     * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
     * @param   sourceMethod   name of method that is being entered
     * @param   params         array of parameters to the method being entered
     */
    public void entering(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod, Object params[]) {
        if (Level.FINER.intValue() < levelValue) {
            return;
        }
        String msg = "ENTRY";
        if (params == null ) {
           logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, msg);
           return;
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < params.length; i++) {
            msg = msg + " {" + i + "}";
        }
        logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, msg, params);
    }

    
Log a method return.

This is a convenience method that can be used to log returning
from a method.  A LogRecord with message "RETURN", log level
FINER, and the given sourceMethod and sourceClass is logged.

Params:
sourceClass –    name of class that issued the logging request
sourceMethod –   name of the method/**
     * Log a method return.
     * <p>
     * This is a convenience method that can be used to log returning
     * from a method.  A LogRecord with message "RETURN", log level
     * FINER, and the given sourceMethod and sourceClass is logged.
     * <p>
     * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
     * @param   sourceMethod   name of the method
     */
    public void exiting(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod) {
        if (Level.FINER.intValue() < levelValue) {
            return;
        }
        logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, "RETURN");
    }


    
Log a method return, with result object.

This is a convenience method that can be used to log returning
from a method.  A LogRecord with message "RETURN {0}", log level
FINER, and the gives sourceMethod, sourceClass, and result
object is logged.

Params:
sourceClass –    name of class that issued the logging request
sourceMethod –   name of the method
result –  Object that is being returned/**
     * Log a method return, with result object.
     * <p>
     * This is a convenience method that can be used to log returning
     * from a method.  A LogRecord with message "RETURN {0}", log level
     * FINER, and the gives sourceMethod, sourceClass, and result
     * object is logged.
     * <p>
     * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
     * @param   sourceMethod   name of the method
     * @param   result  Object that is being returned
     */
    public void exiting(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod, Object result) {
        if (Level.FINER.intValue() < levelValue) {
            return;
        }
        Object params[] = { result };
        logp(Level.FINER, sourceClass, sourceMethod, "RETURN {0}", result);
    }

    
Log throwing an exception.

This is a convenience method to log that a method is
terminating by throwing an exception.  The logging is done
using the FINER level.

If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.  The
LogRecord's message is set to "THROW".

Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus is it
processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.

Params:
sourceClass –    name of class that issued the logging request
sourceMethod –  name of the method.
thrown –  The Throwable that is being thrown./**
     * Log throwing an exception.
     * <p>
     * This is a convenience method to log that a method is
     * terminating by throwing an exception.  The logging is done
     * using the FINER level.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the given message
     * level then the given arguments are stored in a LogRecord
     * which is forwarded to all registered output handlers.  The
     * LogRecord's message is set to "THROW".
     * <p>
     * Note that the thrown argument is stored in the LogRecord thrown
     * property, rather than the LogRecord parameters property.  Thus is it
     * processed specially by output Formatters and is not treated
     * as a formatting parameter to the LogRecord message property.
     * <p>
     * @param   sourceClass    name of class that issued the logging request
     * @param   sourceMethod  name of the method.
     * @param   thrown  The Throwable that is being thrown.
     */
    public void throwing(String sourceClass, String sourceMethod, Throwable thrown) {
        if (Level.FINER.intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue ) {
            return;
        }
        LogRecord lr = new LogRecord(Level.FINER, "THROW");
        lr.setSourceClassName(sourceClass);
        lr.setSourceMethodName(sourceMethod);
        lr.setThrown(thrown);
        doLog(lr);
    }

    //=======================================================================
    // Start of simple convenience methods using level names as method names
    //=======================================================================

    
Log a SEVERE message.

If the logger is currently enabled for the SEVERE message
level then the given message is forwarded to all the
registered output Handler objects.

Params:
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)/**
     * Log a SEVERE message.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the SEVERE message
     * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
     * registered output Handler objects.
     * <p>
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     */
    public void severe(String msg) {
        if (Level.SEVERE.intValue() < levelValue) {
            return;
        }
        log(Level.SEVERE, msg);
    }

    
Log a WARNING message.

If the logger is currently enabled for the WARNING message
level then the given message is forwarded to all the
registered output Handler objects.

Params:
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)/**
     * Log a WARNING message.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the WARNING message
     * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
     * registered output Handler objects.
     * <p>
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     */
    public void warning(String msg) {
        if (Level.WARNING.intValue() < levelValue) {
            return;
        }
        log(Level.WARNING, msg);
    }

    
Log an INFO message.

If the logger is currently enabled for the INFO message
level then the given message is forwarded to all the
registered output Handler objects.

Params:
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)/**
     * Log an INFO message.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the INFO message
     * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
     * registered output Handler objects.
     * <p>
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     */
    public void info(String msg) {
        if (Level.INFO.intValue() < levelValue) {
            return;
        }
        log(Level.INFO, msg);
    }

    
Log a CONFIG message.

If the logger is currently enabled for the CONFIG message
level then the given message is forwarded to all the
registered output Handler objects.

Params:
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)/**
     * Log a CONFIG message.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the CONFIG message
     * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
     * registered output Handler objects.
     * <p>
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     */
    public void config(String msg) {
        if (Level.CONFIG.intValue() < levelValue) {
            return;
        }
        log(Level.CONFIG, msg);
    }

    
Log a FINE message.

If the logger is currently enabled for the FINE message
level then the given message is forwarded to all the
registered output Handler objects.

Params:
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)/**
     * Log a FINE message.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the FINE message
     * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
     * registered output Handler objects.
     * <p>
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     */
    public void fine(String msg) {
        if (Level.FINE.intValue() < levelValue) {
            return;
        }
        log(Level.FINE, msg);
    }

    
Log a FINER message.

If the logger is currently enabled for the FINER message
level then the given message is forwarded to all the
registered output Handler objects.

Params:
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)/**
     * Log a FINER message.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the FINER message
     * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
     * registered output Handler objects.
     * <p>
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     */
    public void finer(String msg) {
        if (Level.FINER.intValue() < levelValue) {
            return;
        }
        log(Level.FINER, msg);
    }

    
Log a FINEST message.

If the logger is currently enabled for the FINEST message
level then the given message is forwarded to all the
registered output Handler objects.

Params:
msg –     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)/**
     * Log a FINEST message.
     * <p>
     * If the logger is currently enabled for the FINEST message
     * level then the given message is forwarded to all the
     * registered output Handler objects.
     * <p>
     * @param   msg     The string message (or a key in the message catalog)
     */
    public void finest(String msg) {
        if (Level.FINEST.intValue() < levelValue) {
            return;
        }
        log(Level.FINEST, msg);
    }

    //================================================================
    // End of convenience methods
    //================================================================

    
Set the log level specifying which message levels will be
logged by this logger.  Message levels lower than this
value will be discarded.  The level value Level.OFF
can be used to turn off logging.

If the new level is null, it means that this node should
inherit its level from its nearest ancestor with a specific
(non-null) level value.
Params:
newLevel –   the new value for the log level (may be null)
Throws:
SecurityException –  if a security manager exists and if
            the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control")./**
     * Set the log level specifying which message levels will be
     * logged by this logger.  Message levels lower than this
     * value will be discarded.  The level value Level.OFF
     * can be used to turn off logging.
     * <p>
     * If the new level is null, it means that this node should
     * inherit its level from its nearest ancestor with a specific
     * (non-null) level value.
     *
     * @param newLevel   the new value for the log level (may be null)
     * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and if
     *             the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control").
     */
    public void setLevel(Level newLevel) throws SecurityException {
        checkPermission();
        synchronized (treeLock) {
            levelObject = newLevel;
            updateEffectiveLevel();
        }
    }

    
Get the log Level that has been specified for this Logger.
The result may be null, which means that this logger's
effective level will be inherited from its parent.
Returns:
 this Logger's level/**
     * Get the log Level that has been specified for this Logger.
     * The result may be null, which means that this logger's
     * effective level will be inherited from its parent.
     *
     * @return  this Logger's level
     */
    public Level getLevel() {
        return levelObject;
    }

    
Check if a message of the given level would actually be logged
by this logger.  This check is based on the Loggers effective level,
which may be inherited from its parent.
Params:
level –   a message logging level
Returns:
 true if the given message level is currently being logged./**
     * Check if a message of the given level would actually be logged
     * by this logger.  This check is based on the Loggers effective level,
     * which may be inherited from its parent.
     *
     * @param   level   a message logging level
     * @return  true if the given message level is currently being logged.
     */
    public boolean isLoggable(Level level) {
        if (level.intValue() < levelValue || levelValue == offValue) {
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

    
Get the name for this logger.
Returns:
logger name.  Will be null for anonymous Loggers./**
     * Get the name for this logger.
     * @return logger name.  Will be null for anonymous Loggers.
     */
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    
Add a log Handler to receive logging messages.

By default, Loggers also send their output to their parent logger.
Typically the root Logger is configured with a set of Handlers
that essentially act as default handlers for all loggers.
Params:
handler – a logging Handler
Throws:
SecurityException –  if a security manager exists and if
            the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control")./**
     * Add a log Handler to receive logging messages.
     * <p>
     * By default, Loggers also send their output to their parent logger.
     * Typically the root Logger is configured with a set of Handlers
     * that essentially act as default handlers for all loggers.
     *
     * @param   handler a logging Handler
     * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and if
     *             the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control").
     */
    public void addHandler(Handler handler) throws SecurityException {
        // Check for null handler
        handler.getClass();
        checkPermission();
        handlers.add(handler);
    }

    
Remove a log Handler.

Returns silently if the given Handler is not found or is null
Params:
handler – a logging Handler
Throws:
SecurityException –  if a security manager exists and if
            the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control")./**
     * Remove a log Handler.
     * <P>
     * Returns silently if the given Handler is not found or is null
     *
     * @param   handler a logging Handler
     * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and if
     *             the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control").
     */
    public void removeHandler(Handler handler) throws SecurityException {
        checkPermission();
        if (handler == null) {
            return;
        }
        handlers.remove(handler);
    }

    
Get the Handlers associated with this logger.

Returns:
 an array of all registered Handlers/**
     * Get the Handlers associated with this logger.
     * <p>
     * @return  an array of all registered Handlers
     */
    public Handler[] getHandlers() {
        return accessCheckedHandlers();
    }

    // This method should ideally be marked final - but unfortunately
    // it needs to be overridden by LogManager.RootLogger
    Handler[] accessCheckedHandlers() {
        return handlers.toArray(emptyHandlers);
    }

    
Specify whether or not this logger should send its output
to its parent Logger.  This means that any LogRecords will
also be written to the parent's Handlers, and potentially
to its parent, recursively up the namespace.
Params:
useParentHandlers –   true if output is to be sent to the
         logger's parent.
Throws:
SecurityException –  if a security manager exists and if
            the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control")./**
     * Specify whether or not this logger should send its output
     * to its parent Logger.  This means that any LogRecords will
     * also be written to the parent's Handlers, and potentially
     * to its parent, recursively up the namespace.
     *
     * @param useParentHandlers   true if output is to be sent to the
     *          logger's parent.
     * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and if
     *             the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control").
     */
    public void setUseParentHandlers(boolean useParentHandlers) {
        checkPermission();
        this.useParentHandlers = useParentHandlers;
    }

    
Discover whether or not this logger is sending its output
to its parent logger.
Returns:
 true if output is to be sent to the logger's parent/**
     * Discover whether or not this logger is sending its output
     * to its parent logger.
     *
     * @return  true if output is to be sent to the logger's parent
     */
    public boolean getUseParentHandlers() {
        return useParentHandlers;
    }

    static final String SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME = "sun.util.logging.resources.logging";

    private static ResourceBundle findSystemResourceBundle(final Locale locale) {
        // the resource bundle is in a restricted package
        return AccessController.doPrivileged(new PrivilegedAction<ResourceBundle>() {
            public ResourceBundle run() {
                try {
                    return ResourceBundle.getBundle(SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME,
                                                    locale);
                } catch (MissingResourceException e) {
                    throw new InternalError(e.toString());
                }
            }
        });
    }

    
Private utility method to map a resource bundle name to an
actual resource bundle, using a simple one-entry cache.
Returns null for a null name.
May also return null if we can't find the resource bundle and
there is no suitable previous cached value.
Params:
name – the ResourceBundle to locate
userCallersClassLoader – if true search using the caller's ClassLoader
Returns:
ResourceBundle specified by name or null if not found/**
     * Private utility method to map a resource bundle name to an
     * actual resource bundle, using a simple one-entry cache.
     * Returns null for a null name.
     * May also return null if we can't find the resource bundle and
     * there is no suitable previous cached value.
     *
     * @param name the ResourceBundle to locate
     * @param userCallersClassLoader if true search using the caller's ClassLoader
     * @return ResourceBundle specified by name or null if not found
     */
    private synchronized ResourceBundle findResourceBundle(String name,
                                                           boolean useCallersClassLoader) {
        // For all lookups, we first check the thread context class loader
        // if it is set.  If not, we use the system classloader.  If we
        // still haven't found it we use the callersClassLoaderRef if it
        // is set and useCallersClassLoader is true.  We set
        // callersClassLoaderRef initially upon creating the logger with a
        // non-null resource bundle name.

        // Return a null bundle for a null name.
        if (name == null) {
            return null;
        }

        Locale currentLocale = Locale.getDefault();

        // Normally we should hit on our simple one entry cache.
        if (catalog != null && currentLocale.equals(catalogLocale)
                && name.equals(catalogName)) {
            return catalog;
        }

        if (name.equals(SYSTEM_LOGGER_RB_NAME)) {
            catalog = findSystemResourceBundle(currentLocale);
            catalogName = name;
            catalogLocale = currentLocale;
            return catalog;
        }

        // Use the thread's context ClassLoader.  If there isn't one, use the
        // {@linkplain java.lang.ClassLoader#getSystemClassLoader() system ClassLoader}.
        ClassLoader cl = Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader();
        if (cl == null) {
            cl = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
        }
        try {
            catalog = ResourceBundle.getBundle(name, currentLocale, cl);
            catalogName = name;
            catalogLocale = currentLocale;
            return catalog;
        } catch (MissingResourceException ex) {
            // We can't find the ResourceBundle in the default
            // ClassLoader.  Drop through.
        }

        if (useCallersClassLoader) {
            // Try with the caller's ClassLoader
            ClassLoader callersClassLoader = getCallersClassLoader();
            if (callersClassLoader != null && callersClassLoader != cl) {
                try {
                    catalog = ResourceBundle.getBundle(name, currentLocale,
                                                       callersClassLoader);
                    catalogName = name;
                    catalogLocale = currentLocale;
                    return catalog;
                } catch (MissingResourceException ex) {
                }
            }
        }

        // If -Djdk.logging.allowStackWalkSearch=true is set,
        // does stack walk to search for the resource bundle
        if (LoggerHelper.allowStackWalkSearch) {
            return findResourceBundleFromStack(name, currentLocale, cl);
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }

    
This method will fail when running with a VM that enforces caller-sensitive
methods and only allows to get the immediate caller.
/**
     * This method will fail when running with a VM that enforces caller-sensitive
     * methods and only allows to get the immediate caller.
     */
    @CallerSensitive
    private synchronized ResourceBundle findResourceBundleFromStack(String name,
                                                                    Locale locale,
                                                                    ClassLoader cl)
    {
        for (int ix = 0; ; ix++) {
            Class<?> clz = sun.reflect.Reflection.getCallerClass(ix);
            if (clz == null) {
                break;
            }
            ClassLoader cl2 = clz.getClassLoader();
            if (cl2 == null) {
                cl2 = ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader();
            }
            if (cl == cl2) {
                // We've already checked this classloader.
                continue;
            }
            cl = cl2;
            try {
                catalog = ResourceBundle.getBundle(name, locale, cl);
                catalogName = name;
                catalogLocale = locale;
                return catalog;
            } catch (MissingResourceException ex) {
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    // Private utility method to initialize our one entry
    // resource bundle name cache and the callers ClassLoader
    // Note: for consistency reasons, we are careful to check
    // that a suitable ResourceBundle exists before setting the
    // resourceBundleName field.
    // Synchronized to prevent races in setting the fields.
    private synchronized void setupResourceInfo(String name,
                                                Class<?> callersClass) {
        if (name == null) {
            return;
        }

        setCallersClassLoaderRef(callersClass);
        if (isSystemLogger && getCallersClassLoader() != null) {
            checkPermission();
        }
        if (findResourceBundle(name, true) == null) {
            // We've failed to find an expected ResourceBundle.
            // unset the caller's ClassLoader since we were unable to find the
            // the bundle using it
            this.callersClassLoaderRef = null;
            throw new MissingResourceException("Can't find " + name + " bundle",
                                                name, "");
        }
        resourceBundleName = name;
    }

    
Return the parent for this Logger.

This method returns the nearest extant parent in the namespace.
Thus if a Logger is called "a.b.c.d", and a Logger called "a.b"
has been created but no logger "a.b.c" exists, then a call of
getParent on the Logger "a.b.c.d" will return the Logger "a.b".

The result will be null if it is called on the root Logger
in the namespace.
Returns:
nearest existing parent Logger/**
     * Return the parent for this Logger.
     * <p>
     * This method returns the nearest extant parent in the namespace.
     * Thus if a Logger is called "a.b.c.d", and a Logger called "a.b"
     * has been created but no logger "a.b.c" exists, then a call of
     * getParent on the Logger "a.b.c.d" will return the Logger "a.b".
     * <p>
     * The result will be null if it is called on the root Logger
     * in the namespace.
     *
     * @return nearest existing parent Logger
     */
    public Logger getParent() {
        // Note: this used to be synchronized on treeLock.  However, this only
        // provided memory semantics, as there was no guarantee that the caller
        // would synchronize on treeLock (in fact, there is no way for external
        // callers to so synchronize).  Therefore, we have made parent volatile
        // instead.
        return parent;
    }

    
Set the parent for this Logger.  This method is used by
the LogManager to update a Logger when the namespace changes.

It should not be called from application code.

Params:
parent –   the new parent logger
Throws:
SecurityException –  if a security manager exists and if
            the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control")./**
     * Set the parent for this Logger.  This method is used by
     * the LogManager to update a Logger when the namespace changes.
     * <p>
     * It should not be called from application code.
     * <p>
     * @param  parent   the new parent logger
     * @exception  SecurityException  if a security manager exists and if
     *             the caller does not have LoggingPermission("control").
     */
    public void setParent(Logger parent) {
        if (parent == null) {
            throw new NullPointerException();
        }
        if (manager == null) {
            manager = LogManager.getLogManager();
        }
        manager.checkPermission();
        doSetParent(parent);
    }

    // Private method to do the work for parenting a child
    // Logger onto a parent logger.
    private void doSetParent(Logger newParent) {

        // System.err.println("doSetParent \"" + getName() + "\" \""
        //                              + newParent.getName() + "\"");

        synchronized (treeLock) {

            // Remove ourself from any previous parent.
            LogManager.LoggerWeakRef ref = null;
            if (parent != null) {
                // assert parent.kids != null;
                for (Iterator<LogManager.LoggerWeakRef> iter = parent.kids.iterator(); iter.hasNext(); ) {
                    ref = iter.next();
                    Logger kid =  ref.get();
                    if (kid == this) {
                        // ref is used down below to complete the reparenting
                        iter.remove();
                        break;
                    } else {
                        ref = null;
                    }
                }
                // We have now removed ourself from our parents' kids.
            }

            // Set our new parent.
            parent = newParent;
            if (parent.kids == null) {
                parent.kids = new ArrayList<>(2);
            }
            if (ref == null) {
                // we didn't have a previous parent
                ref = manager.new LoggerWeakRef(this);
            }
            ref.setParentRef(new WeakReference<Logger>(parent));
            parent.kids.add(ref);

            // As a result of the reparenting, the effective level
            // may have changed for us and our children.
            updateEffectiveLevel();

        }
    }

    // Package-level method.
    // Remove the weak reference for the specified child Logger from the
    // kid list. We should only be called from LoggerWeakRef.dispose().
    final void removeChildLogger(LogManager.LoggerWeakRef child) {
        synchronized (treeLock) {
            for (Iterator<LogManager.LoggerWeakRef> iter = kids.iterator(); iter.hasNext(); ) {
                LogManager.LoggerWeakRef ref = iter.next();
                if (ref == child) {
                    iter.remove();
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // Recalculate the effective level for this node and
    // recursively for our children.

    private void updateEffectiveLevel() {
        // assert Thread.holdsLock(treeLock);

        // Figure out our current effective level.
        int newLevelValue;
        if (levelObject != null) {
            newLevelValue = levelObject.intValue();
        } else {
            if (parent != null) {
                newLevelValue = parent.levelValue;
            } else {
                // This may happen during initialization.
                newLevelValue = Level.INFO.intValue();
            }
        }

        // If our effective value hasn't changed, we're done.
        if (levelValue == newLevelValue) {
            return;
        }

        levelValue = newLevelValue;

        // System.err.println("effective level: \"" + getName() + "\" := " + level);

        // Recursively update the level on each of our kids.
        if (kids != null) {
            for (int i = 0; i < kids.size(); i++) {
                LogManager.LoggerWeakRef ref = kids.get(i);
                Logger kid =  ref.get();
                if (kid != null) {
                    kid.updateEffectiveLevel();
                }
            }
        }
    }


    // Private method to get the potentially inherited
    // resource bundle name for this Logger.
    // May return null
    private String getEffectiveResourceBundleName() {
        Logger target = this;
        while (target != null) {
            final String rbn = isSystemLogger
                // ancestor of a system logger is expected to be a system logger.
                // ignore resource bundle name if it's not.
                ? (target.isSystemLogger ? target.resourceBundleName : null)
                : target.getResourceBundleName();
            if (rbn != null) {
                return rbn;
            }
            target = isSystemLogger ? target.parent : target.getParent();
        }
        return null;
    }


}