java/7 : com/sun/security/auth/PolicyFile.java

PolicyFile
PolicyPermissions
https://openjdk.java.net/
GPLv2 + Classpath Exception
/*
 * Copyright (c) 1999, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 * questions.
 */

package com.sun.security.auth;

import java.io.*;
import java.lang.reflect.*;
import java.net.URL;
import java.util.*;

import java.security.CodeSource;
import java.security.KeyStore;
import java.security.KeyStoreException;
import java.security.Permission;
import java.security.Permissions;
import java.security.PermissionCollection;
import java.security.Principal;
import java.security.UnresolvedPermission;
import java.security.Security;
import java.security.cert.Certificate;
import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;

import javax.security.auth.Subject;
import javax.security.auth.PrivateCredentialPermission;

import sun.security.util.PropertyExpander;

This class represents a default implementation for
javax.security.auth.Policy.
 This object stores the policy for entire Java runtime,
and is the amalgamation of multiple static policy
configurations that resides in files.
The algorithm for locating the policy file(s) and reading their
information into this Policy object is:


  Loop through the java.security.Security properties,
  auth.policy.url.1, auth.policy.url.2, ...,
  auth.policy.url.X".  These properties are set
  in the Java security properties file, which is located in the file named
  <JAVA_HOME>/lib/security/java.security.
  <JAVA_HOME> refers to the value of the java.home system property,
  and specifies the directory where the JRE is installed.
  Each property value specifies a URL pointing to a
  policy file to be loaded.  Read in and load each policy.

  The java.lang.System property java.security.auth.policy
  may also be set to a URL pointing to another policy file
  (which is the case when a user uses the -D switch at runtime).
  If this property is defined, and its use is allowed by the
  security property file (the Security property,
  policy.allowSystemProperty is set to true),
  also load that policy.

  If the java.security.auth.policy property is defined using
  "==" (rather than "="), then ignore all other specified
  policies and only load this policy.

Each policy file consists of one or more grant entries, each of
which consists of a number of permission entries.
  grant signedBy "alias", codeBase "URL",
        principal principalClass "principalName",
        principal principalClass "principalName",
        ... {
    permission Type "name "action",
        signedBy "alias";
    permission Type "name "action",
        signedBy "alias";
    ....
  };

All non-bold items above must appear as is (although case
doesn't matter and some are optional, as noted below).
Italicized items represent variable values.
 A grant entry must begin with the word grant.
The signedBy and codeBase
name/value pairs are optional.
If they are not present, then any signer (including unsigned code)
will match, and any codeBase will match.  Note that the
principal name/value pair is not optional.
This Policy implementation only permits
Principal-based grant entries.  Note that the principalClass
may be set to the wildcard value, *, which allows it to match
any Principal class.  In addition, the principalName
may also be set to the wildcard value, *, allowing it to match
any Principal name.  When setting the principalName
to the *, do not surround the * with quotes.
 A permission entry must begin with the word permission.
The word Type in the template above is
a specific permission type, such as java.io.FilePermission
or java.lang.RuntimePermission.
 The "action" is required for
many permission types, such as java.io.FilePermission
(where it specifies what type of file access that is permitted).
It is not required for categories such as
java.lang.RuntimePermission
where it is not necessary - you either have the
permission specified by the "name"
value following the type name or you don't.
 The signedBy name/value pair for a permission entry
is optional. If present, it indicates a signed permission. That is,
the permission class itself must be signed by the given alias in
order for it to be granted. For example,
suppose you have the following grant entry:
  grant principal foo.com.Principal "Duke" {
    permission Foo "foobar", signedBy "FooSoft";
  }

 Then this permission of type Foo is granted if the
Foo.class permission has been signed by the
"FooSoft" alias, or if Foo.class is a
system class (i.e., is found on the CLASSPATH).
 Items that appear in an entry must appear in the specified order
(permission, Type, "name", and
"action"). An entry is terminated with a semicolon.
 Case is unimportant for the identifiers (permission,
signedBy, codeBase, etc.) but is
significant for the Type
or for any string that is passed in as a value. 

 An example of two entries in a policy configuration file is
  // if the code is comes from "foo.com" and is running as "Duke",
  // grant it read/write to all files in /tmp.
  grant codeBase "foo.com", principal foo.com.Principal "Duke" {
             permission java.io.FilePermission "/tmp/*", "read,write";
  };
  // grant any code running as "Duke" permission to read
  // the "java.vendor" Property.
  grant principal foo.com.Principal "Duke" {
        permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vendor";

 This Policy implementation supports
special handling for PrivateCredentialPermissions.
If a grant entry is configured with a
PrivateCredentialPermission,
and the "Principal Class/Principal Name" for that
PrivateCredentialPermission is "self",
then the entry grants the specified Subject permission to
access its own private Credential.  For example,
the following grants the Subject "Duke"
access to its own a.b.Credential.
  grant principal foo.com.Principal "Duke" {
     permission javax.security.auth.PrivateCredentialPermission
             "a.b.Credential self",
             "read";
   };

The following grants the Subject "Duke"
access to all of its own private Credentials:
  grant principal foo.com.Principal "Duke" {
     permission javax.security.auth.PrivateCredentialPermission
             "* self",
             "read";
   };

The following grants all Subjects authenticated as a
SolarisPrincipal (regardless of their respective names)
permission to access their own private Credentials:
  grant principal com.sun.security.auth.SolarisPrincipal * {
     permission javax.security.auth.PrivateCredentialPermission
             "* self",
             "read";
   };

The following grants all Subjects permission to access their own
private Credentials:
  grant principal * * {
     permission javax.security.auth.PrivateCredentialPermission
             "* self",
             "read";
   };

See Also: CodeSource
Permissions
ProtectionDomain
Deprecated: As of JDK 1.4, replaced by
            sun.security.provider.PolicyFile.
            This class is entirely deprecated./**
 * This class represents a default implementation for
 * <code>javax.security.auth.Policy</code>.
 *
 * <p> This object stores the policy for entire Java runtime,
 * and is the amalgamation of multiple static policy
 * configurations that resides in files.
 * The algorithm for locating the policy file(s) and reading their
 * information into this <code>Policy</code> object is:
 *
 * <ol>
 * <li>
 *   Loop through the <code>java.security.Security</code> properties,
 *   <i>auth.policy.url.1</i>, <i>auth.policy.url.2</i>, ...,
 *   <i>auth.policy.url.X</i>".  These properties are set
 *   in the Java security properties file, which is located in the file named
 *   &lt;JAVA_HOME&gt;/lib/security/java.security.
 *   &lt;JAVA_HOME&gt; refers to the value of the java.home system property,
 *   and specifies the directory where the JRE is installed.
 *   Each property value specifies a <code>URL</code> pointing to a
 *   policy file to be loaded.  Read in and load each policy.
 *
 * <li>
 *   The <code>java.lang.System</code> property <i>java.security.auth.policy</i>
 *   may also be set to a <code>URL</code> pointing to another policy file
 *   (which is the case when a user uses the -D switch at runtime).
 *   If this property is defined, and its use is allowed by the
 *   security property file (the Security property,
 *   <i>policy.allowSystemProperty</i> is set to <i>true</i>),
 *   also load that policy.
 *
 * <li>
 *   If the <i>java.security.auth.policy</i> property is defined using
 *   "==" (rather than "="), then ignore all other specified
 *   policies and only load this policy.
 * </ol>
 *
 * Each policy file consists of one or more grant entries, each of
 * which consists of a number of permission entries.
 *
 * <pre>
 *   grant signedBy "<b>alias</b>", codeBase "<b>URL</b>",
 *         principal <b>principalClass</b> "<b>principalName</b>",
 *         principal <b>principalClass</b> "<b>principalName</b>",
 *         ... {
 *
 *     permission <b>Type</b> "<b>name</b> "<b>action</b>",
 *         signedBy "<b>alias</b>";
 *     permission <b>Type</b> "<b>name</b> "<b>action</b>",
 *         signedBy "<b>alias</b>";
 *     ....
 *   };
 * </pre>
 *
 * All non-bold items above must appear as is (although case
 * doesn't matter and some are optional, as noted below).
 * Italicized items represent variable values.
 *
 * <p> A grant entry must begin with the word <code>grant</code>.
 * The <code>signedBy</code> and <code>codeBase</code>
 * name/value pairs are optional.
 * If they are not present, then any signer (including unsigned code)
 * will match, and any codeBase will match.  Note that the
 * <code>principal</code> name/value pair is not optional.
 * This <code>Policy</code> implementation only permits
 * Principal-based grant entries.  Note that the <i>principalClass</i>
 * may be set to the wildcard value, *, which allows it to match
 * any <code>Principal</code> class.  In addition, the <i>principalName</i>
 * may also be set to the wildcard value, *, allowing it to match
 * any <code>Principal</code> name.  When setting the <i>principalName</i>
 * to the *, do not surround the * with quotes.
 *
 * <p> A permission entry must begin with the word <code>permission</code>.
 * The word <code><i>Type</i></code> in the template above is
 * a specific permission type, such as <code>java.io.FilePermission</code>
 * or <code>java.lang.RuntimePermission</code>.
 *
 * <p> The "<i>action</i>" is required for
 * many permission types, such as <code>java.io.FilePermission</code>
 * (where it specifies what type of file access that is permitted).
 * It is not required for categories such as
 * <code>java.lang.RuntimePermission</code>
 * where it is not necessary - you either have the
 * permission specified by the <code>"<i>name</i>"</code>
 * value following the type name or you don't.
 *
 * <p> The <code>signedBy</code> name/value pair for a permission entry
 * is optional. If present, it indicates a signed permission. That is,
 * the permission class itself must be signed by the given alias in
 * order for it to be granted. For example,
 * suppose you have the following grant entry:
 *
 * <pre>
 *   grant principal foo.com.Principal "Duke" {
 *     permission Foo "foobar", signedBy "FooSoft";
 *   }
 * </pre>
 *
 * <p> Then this permission of type <i>Foo</i> is granted if the
 * <code>Foo.class</code> permission has been signed by the
 * "FooSoft" alias, or if <code>Foo.class</code> is a
 * system class (i.e., is found on the CLASSPATH).
 *
 * <p> Items that appear in an entry must appear in the specified order
 * (<code>permission</code>, <i>Type</i>, "<i>name</i>", and
 * "<i>action</i>"). An entry is terminated with a semicolon.
 *
 * <p> Case is unimportant for the identifiers (<code>permission</code>,
 * <code>signedBy</code>, <code>codeBase</code>, etc.) but is
 * significant for the <i>Type</i>
 * or for any string that is passed in as a value. <p>
 *
 * <p> An example of two entries in a policy configuration file is
 * <pre>
 *   // if the code is comes from "foo.com" and is running as "Duke",
 *   // grant it read/write to all files in /tmp.
 *
 *   grant codeBase "foo.com", principal foo.com.Principal "Duke" {
 *              permission java.io.FilePermission "/tmp/*", "read,write";
 *   };
 *
 *   // grant any code running as "Duke" permission to read
 *   // the "java.vendor" Property.
 *
 *   grant principal foo.com.Principal "Duke" {
 *         permission java.util.PropertyPermission "java.vendor";
 * </pre>
 *
 * <p> This <code>Policy</code> implementation supports
 * special handling for PrivateCredentialPermissions.
 * If a grant entry is configured with a
 * <code>PrivateCredentialPermission</code>,
 * and the "Principal Class/Principal Name" for that
 * <code>PrivateCredentialPermission</code> is "self",
 * then the entry grants the specified <code>Subject</code> permission to
 * access its own private Credential.  For example,
 * the following grants the <code>Subject</code> "Duke"
 * access to its own a.b.Credential.
 *
 * <pre>
 *   grant principal foo.com.Principal "Duke" {
 *      permission javax.security.auth.PrivateCredentialPermission
 *              "a.b.Credential self",
 *              "read";
 *    };
 * </pre>
 *
 * The following grants the <code>Subject</code> "Duke"
 * access to all of its own private Credentials:
 *
 * <pre>
 *   grant principal foo.com.Principal "Duke" {
 *      permission javax.security.auth.PrivateCredentialPermission
 *              "* self",
 *              "read";
 *    };
 * </pre>
 *
 * The following grants all Subjects authenticated as a
 * <code>SolarisPrincipal</code> (regardless of their respective names)
 * permission to access their own private Credentials:
 *
 * <pre>
 *   grant principal com.sun.security.auth.SolarisPrincipal * {
 *      permission javax.security.auth.PrivateCredentialPermission
 *              "* self",
 *              "read";
 *    };
 * </pre>
 *
 * The following grants all Subjects permission to access their own
 * private Credentials:
 *
 * <pre>
 *   grant principal * * {
 *      permission javax.security.auth.PrivateCredentialPermission
 *              "* self",
 *              "read";
 *    };
 * </pre>

 * @deprecated As of JDK&nbsp;1.4, replaced by
 *             <code>sun.security.provider.PolicyFile</code>.
 *             This class is entirely deprecated.
 *
 * @see java.security.CodeSource
 * @see java.security.Permissions
 * @see java.security.ProtectionDomain
 */
@Deprecated
public class PolicyFile extends javax.security.auth.Policy {

    static final java.util.ResourceBundle rb =
        java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged
        (new java.security.PrivilegedAction<java.util.ResourceBundle>() {
            public java.util.ResourceBundle run() {
                return (java.util.ResourceBundle.getBundle
                        ("sun.security.util.AuthResources"));
            }
        });
    // needs to be package private

    private static final sun.security.util.Debug debug =
        sun.security.util.Debug.getInstance("policy", "\t[Auth Policy]");

    private static final String AUTH_POLICY = "java.security.auth.policy";
    private static final String SECURITY_MANAGER = "java.security.manager";
    private static final String AUTH_POLICY_URL = "auth.policy.url.";

    private Vector<PolicyEntry> policyEntries;
    private Hashtable<Object, Object> aliasMapping;

    private boolean initialized = false;

    private boolean expandProperties = true;
    private boolean ignoreIdentityScope = true;

    // for use with the reflection API

    private static final Class[] PARAMS = { String.class, String.class};

    Initializes the Policy object and reads the default policy
configuration file(s) into the Policy object.
/**
     * Initializes the Policy object and reads the default policy
     * configuration file(s) into the Policy object.
     */
    public PolicyFile() {
        // initialize Policy if either the AUTH_POLICY or
        // SECURITY_MANAGER properties are set
        String prop = System.getProperty(AUTH_POLICY);

        if (prop == null) {
            prop = System.getProperty(SECURITY_MANAGER);
        }
        if (prop != null)
            init();
    }

    private synchronized void init() {

        if (initialized)
            return;

        policyEntries = new Vector<PolicyEntry>();
        aliasMapping = new Hashtable<Object, Object>(11);

        initPolicyFile();
        initialized = true;
    }

    Refreshes the policy object by re-reading all the policy files.

Throws: SecurityException – if the caller doesn't have permission
         to refresh the Policy./**
     * Refreshes the policy object by re-reading all the policy files.
     *
     * <p>
     *
     * @exception SecurityException if the caller doesn't have permission
     *          to refresh the <code>Policy</code>.
     */
    public synchronized void refresh()
    {

        java.lang.SecurityManager sm = System.getSecurityManager();
        if (sm != null) {
            sm.checkPermission(new javax.security.auth.AuthPermission
                                ("refreshPolicy"));
        }

        // XXX
        //
        // 1)   if code instantiates PolicyFile directly, then it will need
        //      all the permissions required for the PolicyFile initialization
        // 2)   if code calls Policy.getPolicy, then it simply needs
        //      AuthPermission(getPolicy), and the javax.security.auth.Policy
        //      implementation instantiates PolicyFile in a doPrivileged block
        // 3)   if after instantiating a Policy (either via #1 or #2),
        //      code calls refresh, it simply needs
        //      AuthPermission(refreshPolicy).  then PolicyFile wraps
        //      the refresh in a doPrivileged block.
        initialized = false;
        java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged
            (new java.security.PrivilegedAction<Void>() {
            public Void run() {
                init();
                return null;
            }
        });
    }

    private KeyStore initKeyStore(URL policyUrl, String keyStoreName,
                                  String keyStoreType) {
        if (keyStoreName != null) {
            try {
                /*
                 * location of keystore is specified as absolute URL in policy
                 * file, or is relative to URL of policy file
                 */
                URL keyStoreUrl = null;
                try {
                    keyStoreUrl = new URL(keyStoreName);
                    // absolute URL
                } catch (java.net.MalformedURLException e) {
                    // relative URL
                    keyStoreUrl = new URL(policyUrl, keyStoreName);
                }

                if (debug != null) {
                    debug.println("reading keystore"+keyStoreUrl);
                }

                InputStream inStream =
                    new BufferedInputStream(getInputStream(keyStoreUrl));

                KeyStore ks;
                if (keyStoreType != null)
                    ks = KeyStore.getInstance(keyStoreType);
                else
                    ks = KeyStore.getInstance(KeyStore.getDefaultType());
                ks.load(inStream, null);
                inStream.close();
                return ks;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                // ignore, treat it like we have no keystore
                if (debug != null) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                return null;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    private void initPolicyFile() {

        String prop = Security.getProperty("policy.expandProperties");

        if (prop != null) expandProperties = prop.equalsIgnoreCase("true");

        String iscp = Security.getProperty("policy.ignoreIdentityScope");

        if (iscp != null) ignoreIdentityScope = iscp.equalsIgnoreCase("true");

        String allowSys  = Security.getProperty("policy.allowSystemProperty");

        if ((allowSys!=null) && allowSys.equalsIgnoreCase("true")) {

            String extra_policy = System.getProperty(AUTH_POLICY);
            if (extra_policy != null) {
                boolean overrideAll = false;
                if (extra_policy.startsWith("=")) {
                    overrideAll = true;
                    extra_policy = extra_policy.substring(1);
                }
                try {
                    extra_policy = PropertyExpander.expand(extra_policy);
                    URL policyURL;
                    File policyFile = new File(extra_policy);
                    if (policyFile.exists()) {
                        policyURL =
                            new URL("file:" + policyFile.getCanonicalPath());
                    } else {
                        policyURL = new URL(extra_policy);
                    }
                    if (debug != null)
                        debug.println("reading "+policyURL);
                    init(policyURL);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    // ignore.
                    if (debug != null) {
                        debug.println("caught exception: "+e);
                    }

                }
                if (overrideAll) {
                    if (debug != null) {
                        debug.println("overriding other policies!");
                    }
                    return;
                }
            }
        }

        int n = 1;
        boolean loaded_one = false;
        String policy_url;

        while ((policy_url = Security.getProperty(AUTH_POLICY_URL+n)) != null) {
            try {
                policy_url = PropertyExpander.expand(policy_url).replace
                                                (File.separatorChar, '/');
                if (debug != null)
                    debug.println("reading "+policy_url);
                init(new URL(policy_url));
                loaded_one = true;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                if (debug != null) {
                    debug.println("error reading policy "+e);
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
                // ignore that policy
            }
            n++;
        }

        if (loaded_one == false) {
            // do not load a static policy
        }
    }

    Checks public key. If it is marked as trusted in
the identity database, add it to the policy
with the AllPermission.
/**
     * Checks public key. If it is marked as trusted in
     * the identity database, add it to the policy
     * with the AllPermission.
     */
    private boolean checkForTrustedIdentity(final Certificate cert) {
        // XXX  JAAS has no way to access the SUN package.
        //      we'll add this back in when JAAS goes into core.
        return false;
    }

    Reads a policy configuration into the Policy object using a
Reader object.
Params: policyFile – the policy Reader object./**
     * Reads a policy configuration into the Policy object using a
     * Reader object.
     *
     * @param policyFile the policy Reader object.
     */
    private void init(URL policy) {
        PolicyParser pp = new PolicyParser(expandProperties);
        try {
            InputStreamReader isr
                = new InputStreamReader(getInputStream(policy));
            pp.read(isr);
            isr.close();
            KeyStore keyStore = initKeyStore(policy, pp.getKeyStoreUrl(),
                                             pp.getKeyStoreType());
            Enumeration<PolicyParser.GrantEntry> enum_ = pp.grantElements();
            while (enum_.hasMoreElements()) {
                PolicyParser.GrantEntry ge = enum_.nextElement();
                addGrantEntry(ge, keyStore);
            }
        } catch (PolicyParser.ParsingException pe) {
            System.err.println(AUTH_POLICY +
                                rb.getString(".error.parsing.") + policy);
            System.err.println(AUTH_POLICY +
                                rb.getString("COLON") +
                                pe.getMessage());
            if (debug != null)
                pe.printStackTrace();

        } catch (Exception e) {
            if (debug != null) {
                debug.println("error parsing "+policy);
                debug.println(e.toString());
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    /*
     * Fast path reading from file urls in order to avoid calling
     * FileURLConnection.connect() which can be quite slow the first time
     * it is called. We really should clean up FileURLConnection so that
     * this is not a problem but in the meantime this fix helps reduce
     * start up time noticeably for the new launcher. -- DAC
     */
    private InputStream getInputStream(URL url) throws IOException {
        if ("file".equals(url.getProtocol())) {
            String path = url.getFile().replace('/', File.separatorChar);
            return new FileInputStream(path);
        } else {
            return url.openStream();
        }
    }

    Given a PermissionEntry, create a codeSource.
Returns: null if signedBy alias is not recognized/**
     * Given a PermissionEntry, create a codeSource.
     *
     * @return null if signedBy alias is not recognized
     */
    CodeSource getCodeSource(PolicyParser.GrantEntry ge, KeyStore keyStore)
        throws java.net.MalformedURLException
    {
        Certificate[] certs = null;
        if (ge.signedBy != null) {
            certs = getCertificates(keyStore, ge.signedBy);
            if (certs == null) {
                // we don't have a key for this alias,
                // just return
                if (debug != null) {
                    debug.println(" no certs for alias " +
                                       ge.signedBy + ", ignoring.");
                }
                return null;
            }
        }

        URL location;

        if (ge.codeBase != null)
            location = new URL(ge.codeBase);
        else
            location = null;

        if (ge.principals == null || ge.principals.size() == 0) {
            return (canonicalizeCodebase
                        (new CodeSource(location, certs),
                        false));
        } else {
            return (canonicalizeCodebase
                (new SubjectCodeSource(null, ge.principals, location, certs),
                false));
        }
    }

    Add one policy entry to the vector.
/**
     * Add one policy entry to the vector.
     */
    private void addGrantEntry(PolicyParser.GrantEntry ge,
                               KeyStore keyStore) {

        if (debug != null) {
            debug.println("Adding policy entry: ");
            debug.println("  signedBy " + ge.signedBy);
            debug.println("  codeBase " + ge.codeBase);
            if (ge.principals != null && ge.principals.size() > 0) {
                ListIterator<PolicyParser.PrincipalEntry> li =
                                                ge.principals.listIterator();
                while (li.hasNext()) {
                    PolicyParser.PrincipalEntry pppe = li.next();
                    debug.println("  " + pppe.principalClass +
                                        " " + pppe.principalName);
                }
            }
            debug.println();
        }

        try {
            CodeSource codesource = getCodeSource(ge, keyStore);
            // skip if signedBy alias was unknown...
            if (codesource == null) return;

            PolicyEntry entry = new PolicyEntry(codesource);
            Enumeration<PolicyParser.PermissionEntry> enum_ =
                                                ge.permissionElements();
            while (enum_.hasMoreElements()) {
                PolicyParser.PermissionEntry pe = enum_.nextElement();
                try {
                    // XXX special case PrivateCredentialPermission-SELF
                    Permission perm;
                    if (pe.permission.equals
                        ("javax.security.auth.PrivateCredentialPermission") &&
                        pe.name.endsWith(" self")) {
                        perm = getInstance(pe.permission,
                                         pe.name + " \"self\"",
                                         pe.action);
                    } else {
                        perm = getInstance(pe.permission,
                                         pe.name,
                                         pe.action);
                    }
                    entry.add(perm);
                    if (debug != null) {
                        debug.println("  "+perm);
                    }
                } catch (ClassNotFoundException cnfe) {
                    Certificate certs[];
                    if (pe.signedBy != null)
                        certs = getCertificates(keyStore, pe.signedBy);
                    else
                        certs = null;

                    // only add if we had no signer or we had a
                    // a signer and found the keys for it.
                    if (certs != null || pe.signedBy == null) {
                            Permission perm = new UnresolvedPermission(
                                             pe.permission,
                                             pe.name,
                                             pe.action,
                                             certs);
                            entry.add(perm);
                            if (debug != null) {
                                debug.println("  "+perm);
                            }
                    }
                } catch (java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException ite) {
                    System.err.println
                        (AUTH_POLICY +
                        rb.getString(".error.adding.Permission.") +
                        pe.permission +
                        rb.getString("SPACE") +
                        ite.getTargetException());
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    System.err.println
                        (AUTH_POLICY +
                        rb.getString(".error.adding.Permission.") +
                        pe.permission +
                        rb.getString("SPACE") +
                        e);
                }
            }
            policyEntries.addElement(entry);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            System.err.println
                (AUTH_POLICY +
                rb.getString(".error.adding.Entry.") +
                ge +
                rb.getString("SPACE") +
                e);
        }

        if (debug != null)
            debug.println();
    }

    Returns a new Permission object of the given Type. The Permission is
created by getting the
Class object using the Class.forName method, and using
the reflection API to invoke the (String name, String actions)
constructor on the
object.
Params: type – the type of Permission being created.
name – the name of the Permission being created.
actions – the actions of the Permission being created.
Throws: ClassNotFoundException –  if the particular Permission
            class could not be found.
IllegalAccessException –  if the class or initializer is
              not accessible.
InstantiationException –  if getInstance tries to
              instantiate an abstract class or an interface, or if the
              instantiation fails for some other reason.
NoSuchMethodException – if the (String, String) constructor
              is not found.
InvocationTargetException – if the underlying Permission
              constructor throws an exception./**
     * Returns a new Permission object of the given Type. The Permission is
     * created by getting the
     * Class object using the <code>Class.forName</code> method, and using
     * the reflection API to invoke the (String name, String actions)
     * constructor on the
     * object.
     *
     * @param type the type of Permission being created.
     * @param name the name of the Permission being created.
     * @param actions the actions of the Permission being created.
     *
     * @exception  ClassNotFoundException  if the particular Permission
     *             class could not be found.
     *
     * @exception  IllegalAccessException  if the class or initializer is
     *               not accessible.
     *
     * @exception  InstantiationException  if getInstance tries to
     *               instantiate an abstract class or an interface, or if the
     *               instantiation fails for some other reason.
     *
     * @exception  NoSuchMethodException if the (String, String) constructor
     *               is not found.
     *
     * @exception  InvocationTargetException if the underlying Permission
     *               constructor throws an exception.
     *
     */

    private static final Permission getInstance(String type,
                                    String name,
                                    String actions)
        throws ClassNotFoundException,
               InstantiationException,
               IllegalAccessException,
               NoSuchMethodException,
               InvocationTargetException
    {
        //XXX we might want to keep a hash of created factories...
        Class<?> pc = Class.forName(type);
        Constructor<?> c = pc.getConstructor(PARAMS);
        return (Permission) c.newInstance(new Object[] { name, actions });
    }

    Fetch all certs associated with this alias.
/**
     * Fetch all certs associated with this alias.
     */
    Certificate[] getCertificates(
                                    KeyStore keyStore, String aliases) {

        Vector<Certificate> vcerts = null;

        StringTokenizer st = new StringTokenizer(aliases, ",");
        int n = 0;

        while (st.hasMoreTokens()) {
            String alias = st.nextToken().trim();
            n++;
            Certificate cert = null;
            //See if this alias's cert has already been cached
            cert = (Certificate) aliasMapping.get(alias);
            if (cert == null && keyStore != null) {

                try {
                    cert = keyStore.getCertificate(alias);
                } catch (KeyStoreException kse) {
                    // never happens, because keystore has already been loaded
                    // when we call this
                }
                if (cert != null) {
                    aliasMapping.put(alias, cert);
                    aliasMapping.put(cert, alias);
                }
            }

            if (cert != null) {
                if (vcerts == null)
                    vcerts = new Vector<Certificate>();
                vcerts.addElement(cert);
            }
        }

        // make sure n == vcerts.size, since we are doing a logical *and*
        if (vcerts != null && n == vcerts.size()) {
            Certificate[] certs = new Certificate[vcerts.size()];
            vcerts.copyInto(certs);
            return certs;
        } else {
            return null;
        }
    }

    Enumerate all the entries in the global policy object.
This method is used by policy admin tools.   The tools
should use the Enumeration methods on the returned object
to fetch the elements sequentially.
/**
     * Enumerate all the entries in the global policy object.
     * This method is used by policy admin tools.   The tools
     * should use the Enumeration methods on the returned object
     * to fetch the elements sequentially.
     */
    private final synchronized Enumeration<PolicyEntry> elements(){
        return policyEntries.elements();
    }

    Examines this Policy and returns the Permissions granted
to the specified Subject and CodeSource.
 Permissions for a particular grant entry are returned
if the CodeSource constructed using the codebase and
signedby values specified in the entry implies
the CodeSource provided to this method, and if the
Subject provided to this method contains all of the
Principals specified in the entry.
 The Subject provided to this method contains all
of the Principals specified in the entry if, for each
Principal, "P1", specified in the grant entry
one of the following two conditions is met:


 the Subject has a
     Principal, "P2", where
     P2.getClass().getName() equals the
     P1's class name, and where
     P2.getName() equals the P1's name.
 P1 implements
     com.sun.security.auth.PrincipalComparator,
     and P1.implies the provided Subject.

 Note that this Policy implementation has
special handling for PrivateCredentialPermissions.
When this method encounters a PrivateCredentialPermission
which specifies "self" as the Principal class and name,
it does not add that Permission to the returned
PermissionCollection.  Instead, it builds
a new PrivateCredentialPermission
for each Principal associated with the provided
Subject.  Each new PrivateCredentialPermission
contains the same Credential class as specified in the
originally granted permission, as well as the Class and name
for the respective Principal.

Params: subject – the Permissions granted to this Subject
         and the additionally provided CodeSource
         are returned. 
codesource – the Permissions granted to this CodeSource
         and the additionally provided Subject
         are returned.
Returns: the Permissions granted to the provided Subject
         CodeSource./**
     * Examines this <code>Policy</code> and returns the Permissions granted
     * to the specified <code>Subject</code> and <code>CodeSource</code>.
     *
     * <p> Permissions for a particular <i>grant</i> entry are returned
     * if the <code>CodeSource</code> constructed using the codebase and
     * signedby values specified in the entry <code>implies</code>
     * the <code>CodeSource</code> provided to this method, and if the
     * <code>Subject</code> provided to this method contains all of the
     * Principals specified in the entry.
     *
     * <p> The <code>Subject</code> provided to this method contains all
     * of the Principals specified in the entry if, for each
     * <code>Principal</code>, "P1", specified in the <i>grant</i> entry
     * one of the following two conditions is met:
     *
     * <p>
     * <ol>
     * <li> the <code>Subject</code> has a
     *      <code>Principal</code>, "P2", where
     *      <code>P2.getClass().getName()</code> equals the
     *      P1's class name, and where
     *      <code>P2.getName()</code> equals the P1's name.
     *
     * <li> P1 implements
     *      <code>com.sun.security.auth.PrincipalComparator</code>,
     *      and <code>P1.implies</code> the provided <code>Subject</code>.
     * </ol>
     *
     * <p> Note that this <code>Policy</code> implementation has
     * special handling for PrivateCredentialPermissions.
     * When this method encounters a <code>PrivateCredentialPermission</code>
     * which specifies "self" as the <code>Principal</code> class and name,
     * it does not add that <code>Permission</code> to the returned
     * <code>PermissionCollection</code>.  Instead, it builds
     * a new <code>PrivateCredentialPermission</code>
     * for each <code>Principal</code> associated with the provided
     * <code>Subject</code>.  Each new <code>PrivateCredentialPermission</code>
     * contains the same Credential class as specified in the
     * originally granted permission, as well as the Class and name
     * for the respective <code>Principal</code>.
     *
     * <p>
     *
     * @param subject the Permissions granted to this <code>Subject</code>
     *          and the additionally provided <code>CodeSource</code>
     *          are returned. <p>
     *
     * @param codesource the Permissions granted to this <code>CodeSource</code>
     *          and the additionally provided <code>Subject</code>
     *          are returned.
     *
     * @return the Permissions granted to the provided <code>Subject</code>
     *          <code>CodeSource</code>.
     */
    public PermissionCollection getPermissions(final Subject subject,
                                        final CodeSource codesource) {

        // XXX  when JAAS goes into the JDK core,
        //      we can remove this method and simply
        //      rely on the getPermissions variant that takes a codesource,
        //      which no one can use at this point in time.
        //      at that time, we can also make SubjectCodeSource a public
        //      class.

        // XXX
        //
        // 1)   if code instantiates PolicyFile directly, then it will need
        //      all the permissions required for the PolicyFile initialization
        // 2)   if code calls Policy.getPolicy, then it simply needs
        //      AuthPermission(getPolicy), and the javax.security.auth.Policy
        //      implementation instantiates PolicyFile in a doPrivileged block
        // 3)   if after instantiating a Policy (either via #1 or #2),
        //      code calls getPermissions, PolicyFile wraps the call
        //      in a doPrivileged block.
        return java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged
            (new java.security.PrivilegedAction<PermissionCollection>() {
            public PermissionCollection run() {
                SubjectCodeSource scs = new SubjectCodeSource
                    (subject,
                    null,
                    codesource == null ? null : codesource.getLocation(),
                    codesource == null ? null : codesource.getCertificates());
                if (initialized)
                    return getPermissions(new Permissions(), scs);
                else
                    return new PolicyPermissions(PolicyFile.this, scs);
            }
        });
    }

    Examines the global policy for the specified CodeSource, and
creates a PermissionCollection object with
the set of permissions for that principal's protection domain.
Params: CodeSource – the codesource associated with the caller.
This encapsulates the original location of the code (where the code
came from) and the public key(s) of its signer.
Returns: the set of permissions according to the policy./**
     * Examines the global policy for the specified CodeSource, and
     * creates a PermissionCollection object with
     * the set of permissions for that principal's protection domain.
     *
     * @param CodeSource the codesource associated with the caller.
     * This encapsulates the original location of the code (where the code
     * came from) and the public key(s) of its signer.
     *
     * @return the set of permissions according to the policy.
     */
    PermissionCollection getPermissions(CodeSource codesource) {

        if (initialized)
            return getPermissions(new Permissions(), codesource);
        else
            return new PolicyPermissions(this, codesource);
    }

    Examines the global policy for the specified CodeSource, and
creates a PermissionCollection object with
the set of permissions for that principal's protection domain.
Params: permissions – the permissions to populate
codesource – the codesource associated with the caller.
This encapsulates the original location of the code (where the code
came from) and the public key(s) of its signer.
Returns: the set of permissions according to the policy./**
     * Examines the global policy for the specified CodeSource, and
     * creates a PermissionCollection object with
     * the set of permissions for that principal's protection domain.
     *
     * @param permissions the permissions to populate
     * @param codesource the codesource associated with the caller.
     * This encapsulates the original location of the code (where the code
     * came from) and the public key(s) of its signer.
     *
     * @return the set of permissions according to the policy.
     */
    Permissions getPermissions(final Permissions perms,
                               final CodeSource cs)
    {
        if (!initialized) {
            init();
        }

        final CodeSource codesource[] = {null};

        codesource[0] = canonicalizeCodebase(cs, true);

        if (debug != null) {
            debug.println("evaluate("+codesource[0]+")\n");
        }

        // needs to be in a begin/endPrivileged block because
        // codesource.implies calls URL.equals which does an
        // InetAddress lookup

        for (int i = 0; i < policyEntries.size(); i++) {

           PolicyEntry entry = policyEntries.elementAt(i);

           if (debug != null) {
                debug.println("PolicyFile CodeSource implies: " +
                        entry.codesource.toString() + "\n\n" +
                        "\t" + codesource[0].toString() + "\n\n");
           }

           if (entry.codesource.implies(codesource[0])) {
               for (int j = 0; j < entry.permissions.size(); j++) {
                    Permission p = entry.permissions.elementAt(j);
                    if (debug != null) {
                       debug.println("  granting " + p);
                    }
                    if (!addSelfPermissions(p, entry.codesource,
                                        codesource[0], perms)) {
                        // we could check for duplicates
                        // before adding new permissions,
                        // but the SubjectDomainCombiner
                        // already checks for duplicates later
                        perms.add(p);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

        // now see if any of the keys are trusted ids.

        if (!ignoreIdentityScope) {
            Certificate certs[] = codesource[0].getCertificates();
            if (certs != null) {
                for (int k=0; k < certs.length; k++) {
                    if ((aliasMapping.get(certs[k]) == null) &&
                        checkForTrustedIdentity(certs[k])) {
                        // checkForTrustedIdentity added it
                        // to the policy for us. next time
                        // around we'll find it. This time
                        // around we need to add it.
                        perms.add(new java.security.AllPermission());
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return perms;
    }

    Returns true if 'Self' permissions were added to the provided
'perms', and false otherwise.

Params: p – check to see if this Permission is a "SELF"
                 PrivateCredentialPermission. 
entryCs – the codesource for the Policy entry.
accCs – the codesource for from the current AccessControlContext.
perms – the PermissionCollection where the individual
                 PrivateCredentialPermissions will be added./**
     * Returns true if 'Self' permissions were added to the provided
     * 'perms', and false otherwise.
     *
     * <p>
     *
     * @param p check to see if this Permission is a "SELF"
     *                  PrivateCredentialPermission. <p>
     *
     * @param entryCs the codesource for the Policy entry.
     *
     * @param accCs the codesource for from the current AccessControlContext.
     *
     * @param perms the PermissionCollection where the individual
     *                  PrivateCredentialPermissions will be added.
     */
    private boolean addSelfPermissions(final Permission p,
                                CodeSource entryCs,
                                CodeSource accCs,
                                Permissions perms) {

        if (!(p instanceof PrivateCredentialPermission))
            return false;

        if (!(entryCs instanceof SubjectCodeSource))
            return false;


        PrivateCredentialPermission pcp = (PrivateCredentialPermission)p;
        SubjectCodeSource scs = (SubjectCodeSource)entryCs;

        // see if it is a SELF permission
        String[][] pPrincipals = pcp.getPrincipals();
        if (pPrincipals.length <= 0 ||
            !pPrincipals[0][0].equalsIgnoreCase("self") ||
            !pPrincipals[0][1].equalsIgnoreCase("self")) {

            // regular PrivateCredentialPermission
            return false;
        } else {

            // granted a SELF permission - create a
            // PrivateCredentialPermission for each
            // of the Policy entry's CodeSource Principals

            if (scs.getPrincipals() == null) {
                // XXX SubjectCodeSource has no Subject???
                return true;
            }

            ListIterator<PolicyParser.PrincipalEntry> pli =
                                        scs.getPrincipals().listIterator();
            while (pli.hasNext()) {

                PolicyParser.PrincipalEntry principal = pli.next();

                // XXX
                //      if the Policy entry's Principal does not contain a
                //              WILDCARD for the Principal name, then a
                //              new PrivateCredentialPermission is created
                //              for the Principal listed in the Policy entry.
                //      if the Policy entry's Principal contains a WILDCARD
                //              for the Principal name, then a new
                //              PrivateCredentialPermission is created
                //              for each Principal associated with the Subject
                //              in the current ACC.

                String[][] principalInfo = getPrincipalInfo
                                                (principal, accCs);

                for (int i = 0; i < principalInfo.length; i++) {

                    // here's the new PrivateCredentialPermission

                    PrivateCredentialPermission newPcp =
                        new PrivateCredentialPermission
                                (pcp.getCredentialClass() +
                                        " " +
                                        principalInfo[i][0] +
                                        " " +
                                        "\"" + principalInfo[i][1] + "\"",
                                "read");

                    if (debug != null) {
                        debug.println("adding SELF permission: " +
                                        newPcp.toString());
                    }

                    perms.add(newPcp);
                }
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    return the principal class/name pair in the 2D array.
array[x][y]:     x corresponds to the array length.
                 if (y == 0), it's the principal class.
                 if (y == 1), it's the principal name.
/**
     * return the principal class/name pair in the 2D array.
     * array[x][y]:     x corresponds to the array length.
     *                  if (y == 0), it's the principal class.
     *                  if (y == 1), it's the principal name.
     */
    private String[][] getPrincipalInfo
                (PolicyParser.PrincipalEntry principal,
                final CodeSource accCs) {

        // there are 3 possibilities:
        // 1) the entry's Principal class and name are not wildcarded
        // 2) the entry's Principal name is wildcarded only
        // 3) the entry's Principal class and name are wildcarded

        if (!principal.principalClass.equals
                (PolicyParser.PrincipalEntry.WILDCARD_CLASS) &&
            !principal.principalName.equals
                (PolicyParser.PrincipalEntry.WILDCARD_NAME)) {

            // build a PrivateCredentialPermission for the principal
            // from the Policy entry
            String[][] info = new String[1][2];
            info[0][0] = principal.principalClass;
            info[0][1] = principal.principalName;
            return info;

        } else if (!principal.principalClass.equals
                (PolicyParser.PrincipalEntry.WILDCARD_CLASS) &&
            principal.principalName.equals
                (PolicyParser.PrincipalEntry.WILDCARD_NAME)) {

            // build a PrivateCredentialPermission for all
            // the Subject's principals that are instances of principalClass

            // the accCs is guaranteed to be a SubjectCodeSource
            // because the earlier CodeSource.implies succeeded
            SubjectCodeSource scs = (SubjectCodeSource)accCs;

            Set<? extends Principal> principalSet = null;
            try {
                // principal.principalClass should extend Principal
                // If it doesn't, we should stop here with a ClassCastException.
                @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
                Class<? extends Principal> pClass = (Class<? extends Principal>)
                        Class.forName(principal.principalClass, false,
                                      ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader());
                principalSet = scs.getSubject().getPrincipals(pClass);
            } catch (Exception e) {
                if (debug != null) {
                    debug.println("problem finding Principal Class " +
                                  "when expanding SELF permission: " +
                                  e.toString());
                }
            }

            if (principalSet == null) {
                // error
                return new String[0][0];
            }

            String[][] info = new String[principalSet.size()][2];

            int i = 0;
            for (Principal p : principalSet) {
                info[i][0] = p.getClass().getName();
                info[i][1] = p.getName();
                i++;
            }
            return info;

        } else {

            // build a PrivateCredentialPermission for every
            // one of the current Subject's principals

            // the accCs is guaranteed to be a SubjectCodeSource
            // because the earlier CodeSource.implies succeeded
            SubjectCodeSource scs = (SubjectCodeSource)accCs;
            Set<Principal> principalSet = scs.getSubject().getPrincipals();

            String[][] info = new String[principalSet.size()][2];
            java.util.Iterator<Principal> pIterator = principalSet.iterator();

            int i = 0;
            while (pIterator.hasNext()) {
                Principal p = pIterator.next();
                info[i][0] = p.getClass().getName();
                info[i][1] = p.getName();
                i++;
            }
            return info;
        }
    }

    /*
     * Returns the signer certificates from the list of certificates associated
     * with the given code source.
     *
     * The signer certificates are those certificates that were used to verify
     * signed code originating from the codesource location.
     *
     * This method assumes that in the given code source, each signer
     * certificate is followed by its supporting certificate chain
     * (which may be empty), and that the signer certificate and its
     * supporting certificate chain are ordered bottom-to-top (i.e., with the
     * signer certificate first and the (root) certificate authority last).
     */
    Certificate[] getSignerCertificates(CodeSource cs) {
        Certificate[] certs = null;
        if ((certs = cs.getCertificates()) == null)
            return null;
        for (int i=0; i<certs.length; i++) {
            if (!(certs[i] instanceof X509Certificate))
                return cs.getCertificates();
        }

        // Do we have to do anything?
        int i = 0;
        int count = 0;
        while (i < certs.length) {
            count++;
            while (((i+1) < certs.length)
                   && ((X509Certificate)certs[i]).getIssuerDN().equals(
                           ((X509Certificate)certs[i+1]).getSubjectDN())) {
                i++;
            }
            i++;
        }
        if (count == certs.length)
            // Done
            return certs;

        ArrayList<Certificate> userCertList = new ArrayList<>();
        i = 0;
        while (i < certs.length) {
            userCertList.add(certs[i]);
            while (((i+1) < certs.length)
                   && ((X509Certificate)certs[i]).getIssuerDN().equals(
                           ((X509Certificate)certs[i+1]).getSubjectDN())) {
                i++;
            }
            i++;
        }
        Certificate[] userCerts = new Certificate[userCertList.size()];
        userCertList.toArray(userCerts);
        return userCerts;
    }

    private CodeSource canonicalizeCodebase(CodeSource cs,
                                            boolean extractSignerCerts) {
        CodeSource canonCs = cs;
        if (cs.getLocation() != null &&
            cs.getLocation().getProtocol().equalsIgnoreCase("file")) {
            try {
                String path = cs.getLocation().getFile().replace
                                                        ('/',
                                                        File.separatorChar);
                URL csUrl = null;
                if (path.endsWith("*")) {
                    // remove trailing '*' because it causes canonicalization
                    // to fail on win32
                    path = path.substring(0, path.length()-1);
                    boolean appendFileSep = false;
                    if (path.endsWith(File.separator))
                        appendFileSep = true;
                    if (path.equals("")) {
                        path = System.getProperty("user.dir");
                    }
                    File f = new File(path);
                    path = f.getCanonicalPath();
                    StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer(path);
                    // reappend '*' to canonicalized filename (note that
                    // canonicalization may have removed trailing file
                    // separator, so we have to check for that, too)
                    if (!path.endsWith(File.separator) &&
                        (appendFileSep || f.isDirectory()))
                        sb.append(File.separatorChar);
                    sb.append('*');
                    path = sb.toString();
                } else {
                    path = new File(path).getCanonicalPath();
                }
                csUrl = new File(path).toURL();

                if (cs instanceof SubjectCodeSource) {
                    SubjectCodeSource scs = (SubjectCodeSource)cs;
                    if (extractSignerCerts) {
                        canonCs = new SubjectCodeSource
                                                (scs.getSubject(),
                                                scs.getPrincipals(),
                                                csUrl,
                                                getSignerCertificates(scs));
                    } else {
                        canonCs = new SubjectCodeSource
                                                (scs.getSubject(),
                                                scs.getPrincipals(),
                                                csUrl,
                                                scs.getCertificates());
                    }
                } else {
                    if (extractSignerCerts) {
                        canonCs = new CodeSource(csUrl,
                                                getSignerCertificates(cs));
                    } else {
                        canonCs = new CodeSource(csUrl,
                                                cs.getCertificates());
                    }
                }
            } catch (IOException ioe) {
                // leave codesource as it is, unless we have to extract its
                // signer certificates
                if (extractSignerCerts) {
                    if (!(cs instanceof SubjectCodeSource)) {
                        canonCs = new CodeSource(cs.getLocation(),
                                                getSignerCertificates(cs));
                    } else {
                        SubjectCodeSource scs = (SubjectCodeSource)cs;
                        canonCs = new SubjectCodeSource(scs.getSubject(),
                                                scs.getPrincipals(),
                                                scs.getLocation(),
                                                getSignerCertificates(scs));
                    }
                }
            }
        } else {
            if (extractSignerCerts) {
                if (!(cs instanceof SubjectCodeSource)) {
                    canonCs = new CodeSource(cs.getLocation(),
                                        getSignerCertificates(cs));
                } else {
                    SubjectCodeSource scs = (SubjectCodeSource)cs;
                    canonCs = new SubjectCodeSource(scs.getSubject(),
                                        scs.getPrincipals(),
                                        scs.getLocation(),
                                        getSignerCertificates(scs));
                }
            }
        }
        return canonCs;
    }

    Each entry in the policy configuration file is represented by a
PolicyEntry object.  
A PolicyEntry is a (CodeSource,Permission) pair.  The
CodeSource contains the (URL, PublicKey) that together identify
where the Java bytecodes come from and who (if anyone) signed
them.  The URL could refer to localhost.  The URL could also be
null, meaning that this policy entry is given to all comers, as
long as they match the signer field.  The signer could be null,
meaning the code is not signed. 

The Permission contains the (Type, Name, Action) triplet. 

For now, the Policy object retrieves the public key from the
X.509 certificate on disk that corresponds to the signedBy
alias specified in the Policy config file.  For reasons of
efficiency, the Policy object keeps a hashtable of certs already
read in.  This could be replaced by a secure internal key
store.

For example, the entry
         permission java.io.File "/tmp", "read,write",
         signedBy "Duke";

is represented internally
FilePermission f = new FilePermission("/tmp", "read,write");
PublicKey p = publickeys.get("Duke");
URL u = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
CodeBase c = new CodeBase( p, u );
pe = new PolicyEntry(f, c);

Author: Marianne Mueller, Roland Schemers
See Also: CodeSource
Policy
Permissions
ProtectionDomain/**
     * Each entry in the policy configuration file is represented by a
     * PolicyEntry object.  <p>
     *
     * A PolicyEntry is a (CodeSource,Permission) pair.  The
     * CodeSource contains the (URL, PublicKey) that together identify
     * where the Java bytecodes come from and who (if anyone) signed
     * them.  The URL could refer to localhost.  The URL could also be
     * null, meaning that this policy entry is given to all comers, as
     * long as they match the signer field.  The signer could be null,
     * meaning the code is not signed. <p>
     *
     * The Permission contains the (Type, Name, Action) triplet. <p>
     *
     * For now, the Policy object retrieves the public key from the
     * X.509 certificate on disk that corresponds to the signedBy
     * alias specified in the Policy config file.  For reasons of
     * efficiency, the Policy object keeps a hashtable of certs already
     * read in.  This could be replaced by a secure internal key
     * store.
     *
     * <p>
     * For example, the entry
     * <pre>
     *          permission java.io.File "/tmp", "read,write",
     *          signedBy "Duke";
     * </pre>
     * is represented internally
     * <pre>
     *
     * FilePermission f = new FilePermission("/tmp", "read,write");
     * PublicKey p = publickeys.get("Duke");
     * URL u = InetAddress.getLocalHost();
     * CodeBase c = new CodeBase( p, u );
     * pe = new PolicyEntry(f, c);
     * </pre>
     *
     * @author Marianne Mueller
     * @author Roland Schemers
     * @see java.security.CodeSource
     * @see java.security.Policy
     * @see java.security.Permissions
     * @see java.security.ProtectionDomain
     */

    private static class PolicyEntry {

        CodeSource codesource;
        Vector<Permission> permissions;

        Given a Permission and a CodeSource, create a policy entry.
XXX Decide if/how to add validity fields and "purpose" fields to
XXX policy entries
Params: cs – the CodeSource, which encapsulates the URL and the public
       key
       attributes from the policy config file.   Validity checks are
       performed on the public key before PolicyEntry is called./**
         * Given a Permission and a CodeSource, create a policy entry.
         *
         * XXX Decide if/how to add validity fields and "purpose" fields to
         * XXX policy entries
         *
         * @param cs the CodeSource, which encapsulates the URL and the public
         *        key
         *        attributes from the policy config file.   Validity checks are
         *        performed on the public key before PolicyEntry is called.
         *
         */
        PolicyEntry(CodeSource cs)
        {
            this.codesource = cs;
            this.permissions = new Vector<Permission>();
        }

        add a Permission object to this entry.
/**
         * add a Permission object to this entry.
         */
        void add(Permission p) {
            permissions.addElement(p);
        }

        Return the CodeSource for this policy entry
/**
         * Return the CodeSource for this policy entry
         */
        CodeSource getCodeSource() {
            return this.codesource;
        }

        public String toString(){
            StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
            sb.append(rb.getString("LPARAM"));
            sb.append(getCodeSource());
            sb.append("\n");
            for (int j = 0; j < permissions.size(); j++) {
                Permission p = permissions.elementAt(j);
                sb.append(rb.getString("SPACE"));
                sb.append(rb.getString("SPACE"));
                sb.append(p);
                sb.append(rb.getString("NEWLINE"));
            }
            sb.append(rb.getString("RPARAM"));
            sb.append(rb.getString("NEWLINE"));
            return sb.toString();
        }

    }
}

class PolicyPermissions extends PermissionCollection {

    private static final long serialVersionUID = -1954188373270545523L;

    private CodeSource codesource;
    private Permissions perms;
    private PolicyFile policy;
    private boolean notInit; // have we pulled in the policy permissions yet?
    private Vector<Permission> additionalPerms;

    PolicyPermissions(PolicyFile policy,
                      CodeSource codesource)
    {
        this.codesource = codesource;
        this.policy = policy;
        this.perms = null;
        this.notInit = true;
        this.additionalPerms = null;
    }

    public void add(Permission permission) {
        if (isReadOnly())
            throw new SecurityException
            (PolicyFile.rb.getString
            ("attempt.to.add.a.Permission.to.a.readonly.PermissionCollection"));

        if (perms == null) {
            if (additionalPerms == null)
                additionalPerms = new Vector<Permission>();
            additionalPerms.add(permission);
        } else {
            perms.add(permission);
        }
    }

    private synchronized void init() {
        if (notInit) {
            if (perms == null)
                perms = new Permissions();

            if (additionalPerms != null) {
                Enumeration<Permission> e = additionalPerms.elements();
                while (e.hasMoreElements()) {
                    perms.add(e.nextElement());
                }
                additionalPerms = null;
            }
            policy.getPermissions(perms,codesource);
            notInit=false;
        }
    }

    public boolean implies(Permission permission) {
        if (notInit)
            init();
        return perms.implies(permission);
    }

    public Enumeration<Permission> elements() {
        if (notInit)
            init();
        return perms.elements();
    }

    public String toString() {
        if (notInit)
            init();
        return perms.toString();
    }
}
See Also:	CodeSource Permissions ProtectionDomain
Deprecated:	As of JDK 1.4, replaced by `sun.security.provider.PolicyFile`. This class is entirely deprecated.
Params:	subject – the Permissions granted to this `Subject` and the additionally provided `CodeSource` are returned. codesource – the Permissions granted to this `CodeSource` and the additionally provided `Subject` are returned.
Returns:	the Permissions granted to the provided `Subject` `CodeSource`.
Params:	CodeSource – the codesource associated with the caller. This encapsulates the original location of the code (where the code came from) and the public key(s) of its signer.
Returns:	the set of permissions according to the policy.
Params:	permissions – the permissions to populate codesource – the codesource associated with the caller. This encapsulates the original location of the code (where the code came from) and the public key(s) of its signer.
Returns:	the set of permissions according to the policy.
Author:	Marianne Mueller, Roland Schemers
See Also:	CodeSource Policy Permissions ProtectionDomain
/

java/ 7/ com/sun/security/auth/PolicyFile.java
