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 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
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package sun.security.krb5;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;
import sun.security.krb5.internal.HostAddresses;
import sun.security.krb5.internal.KDCOptions;
import sun.security.krb5.internal.KRBError;
import sun.security.krb5.internal.KerberosTime;
import sun.security.krb5.internal.Krb5;
import sun.security.krb5.internal.PAData;
import sun.security.krb5.internal.crypto.EType;


A manager class for AS-REQ communications.
This class does:
1. Gather information to create AS-REQ
2. Create and send AS-REQ
3. Receive AS-REP and KRB-ERROR (-KRB_ERR_RESPONSE_TOO_BIG) and parse them
4. Emit credentials and secret keys (for JAAS storeKey=true)
This class does not:
1. Deal with real communications (KdcComm does it, and TGS-REQ)
   a. Name of KDCs for a realm
   b. Server availability, timeout, UDP or TCP
   d. KRB_ERR_RESPONSE_TOO_BIG
With this class:
1. KrbAsReq has only one constructor
2. Krb5LoginModule and Kinit call a single builder
3. Better handling of sensitive info

Since:1.7
/**
 * A manager class for AS-REQ communications.
 *
 * This class does:
 * 1. Gather information to create AS-REQ
 * 2. Create and send AS-REQ
 * 3. Receive AS-REP and KRB-ERROR (-KRB_ERR_RESPONSE_TOO_BIG) and parse them
 * 4. Emit credentials and secret keys (for JAAS storeKey=true)
 *
 * This class does not:
 * 1. Deal with real communications (KdcComm does it, and TGS-REQ)
 *    a. Name of KDCs for a realm
 *    b. Server availability, timeout, UDP or TCP
 *    d. KRB_ERR_RESPONSE_TOO_BIG
 *
 * With this class:
 * 1. KrbAsReq has only one constructor
 * 2. Krb5LoginModule and Kinit call a single builder
 * 3. Better handling of sensitive info
 *
 * @since 1.7
 */

public final class KrbAsReqBuilder {

    // Common data for AS-REQ fields
    private KDCOptions options;
    private PrincipalName cname;
    private PrincipalName sname;
    private KerberosTime from;
    private KerberosTime till;
    private KerberosTime rtime;
    private HostAddresses addresses;

    // Secret source: can't be changed once assigned, only one (of the two
    // sources) can be set and should be non-null
    private EncryptionKey[] keys;
    private char[] password;

    // Used to create a ENC-TIMESTAMP in the 2nd AS-REQ
    private EncryptionKey pakey;
    private PAData[] paList;        // PA-DATA from both KRB-ERROR and AS-REP.
                                    // Used by getKeys() only.
                                    // Only AS-REP should be enough per RFC,
                                    // combined in case etypes are different.

    // The generated and received:
    int[] eTypes;
    private KrbAsReq req;
    private KrbAsRep rep;

    private static enum State {
        INIT,       // Initialized, can still add more initialization info
        REQ_OK,     // AS-REQ performed
        DESTROYED,  // Destroyed, not usable anymore
    }
    private State state;

    // Called by other constructors
    private KrbAsReqBuilder(PrincipalName cname)
            throws KrbException {
        this.cname = cname;
        state = State.INIT;
    }

    
Creates a builder to be used by cname with existing keys. 
Params:
  • cname – the client of the AS-REQ. Must not be null. Might have no
realm, where default realm will be used. This realm will be the target
realm for AS-REQ. I believe a client should only get initial TGT from
its own realm.
  • keys – must not be null. if empty, might be quite useless.
This argument will neither be modified nor stored by the method.
Throws:
/**
     * Creates a builder to be used by {@code cname} with existing keys.
     *
     * @param cname the client of the AS-REQ. Must not be null. Might have no
     * realm, where default realm will be used. This realm will be the target
     * realm for AS-REQ. I believe a client should only get initial TGT from
     * its own realm.
     * @param keys must not be null. if empty, might be quite useless.
     * This argument will neither be modified nor stored by the method.
     * @throws KrbException
     */
    public KrbAsReqBuilder(PrincipalName cname, EncryptionKey[] keys)
            throws KrbException {
        this(cname);
        this.keys = new EncryptionKey[keys.length];
        for (int i=0; i<keys.length; i++) {
            this.keys[i] = (EncryptionKey)keys[i].clone();
        }
        eTypes = EType.getDefaults("default_tkt_enctypes", keys);
    }

    
Creates a builder to be used by cname with a known password. 
Params:
  • cname – the client of the AS-REQ. Must not be null. Might have no
realm, where default realm will be used. This realm will be the target
realm for AS-REQ. I believe a client should only get initial TGT from
its own realm.
  • pass – must not be null. This argument will neither be modified
nor stored by the method.
Throws:
/**
     * Creates a builder to be used by {@code cname} with a known password.
     *
     * @param cname the client of the AS-REQ. Must not be null. Might have no
     * realm, where default realm will be used. This realm will be the target
     * realm for AS-REQ. I believe a client should only get initial TGT from
     * its own realm.
     * @param pass must not be null. This argument will neither be modified
     * nor stored by the method.
     * @throws KrbException
     */
    public KrbAsReqBuilder(PrincipalName cname, char[] pass)
            throws KrbException {
        this(cname);
        this.password = pass.clone();
        eTypes = EType.getDefaults("default_tkt_enctypes");
    }

    
Retrieves an array of secret keys for the client. This is useful if
the client supplies password but need keys to act as an acceptor
(in JAAS words, isInitiator=true and storeKey=true)

Throws:
Returns:original keys if initiated with keys, or generated keys if
password. In latter case, PA-DATA from server might be used to
generate keys. All "default_tkt_enctypes" keys will be generated,
Never null.
/**
     * Retrieves an array of secret keys for the client. This is useful if
     * the client supplies password but need keys to act as an acceptor
     * (in JAAS words, isInitiator=true and storeKey=true)
     * @return original keys if initiated with keys, or generated keys if
     * password. In latter case, PA-DATA from server might be used to
     * generate keys. All "default_tkt_enctypes" keys will be generated,
     * Never null.
     * @throws KrbException
     */
    public EncryptionKey[] getKeys() throws KrbException {
        checkState(State.REQ_OK, "Cannot get keys");
        if (keys != null) {
            EncryptionKey[] result = new EncryptionKey[keys.length];
            for (int i=0; i<keys.length; i++) {
                result[i] = (EncryptionKey)keys[i].clone();
            }
            return result;
        } else {
            EncryptionKey[] result = new EncryptionKey[eTypes.length];

            /*
             * Returns an array of keys. Before KrbAsReqBuilder, all etypes
             * use the same salt which is either the default one or a new salt
             * coming from PA-DATA. After KrbAsReqBuilder, each etype uses its
             * own new salt from PA-DATA. For an etype with no PA-DATA new salt
             * at all, what salt should it use?
             *
             * Commonly, the stored keys are only to be used by an acceptor to
             * decrypt service ticket in AP-REQ. Most impls only allow keys
             * from a keytab on acceptor, but unfortunately (?) Java supports
             * acceptor using password. In this case, if the service ticket is
             * encrypted using an etype which we don't have PA-DATA new salt,
             * using the default salt is normally wrong (say, case-insensitive
             * user name). Instead, we would use the new salt of another etype.
             */

            String salt = null;     // the saved new salt
            for (int i=0; i<eTypes.length; i++) {
                PAData.SaltAndParams snp =
                        PAData.getSaltAndParams(eTypes[i], paList);
                // First round, only calculate those with new salt
                if (snp.salt != null) {
                    salt = snp.salt;
                    result[i] = EncryptionKey.acquireSecretKey(password,
                            snp.salt,
                            eTypes[i],
                            snp.params);
                }
            }
            if (salt == null) salt = cname.getSalt();
            for (int i=0; i<eTypes.length; i++) {
                // Second round, calculate those with no new salt
                if (result[i] == null) {
                    PAData.SaltAndParams snp =
                            PAData.getSaltAndParams(eTypes[i], paList);
                    result[i] = EncryptionKey.acquireSecretKey(password,
                            salt,
                            eTypes[i],
                            snp.params);
                }
            }
            return result;
        }
    }

    
Sets or clears options. If cleared, default options will be used
at creation time.

Params:
  • options – 
/**
     * Sets or clears options. If cleared, default options will be used
     * at creation time.
     * @param options
     */
    public void setOptions(KDCOptions options) {
        checkState(State.INIT, "Cannot specify options");
        this.options = options;
    }

    
Sets or clears target. If cleared, KrbAsReq might choose krbtgt
for cname realm

Params:
  • sname – 
/**
     * Sets or clears target. If cleared, KrbAsReq might choose krbtgt
     * for cname realm
     * @param sname
     */
    public void setTarget(PrincipalName sname) {
        checkState(State.INIT, "Cannot specify target");
        this.sname = sname;
    }

    
Adds or clears addresses. KrbAsReq might add some if empty
field not allowed

Params:
  • addresses – 
/**
     * Adds or clears addresses. KrbAsReq might add some if empty
     * field not allowed
     * @param addresses
     */
    public void setAddresses(HostAddresses addresses) {
        checkState(State.INIT, "Cannot specify addresses");
        this.addresses = addresses;
    }

    
Build a KrbAsReq object from all info fed above. Normally this method
will be called twice: initial AS-REQ and second with pakey

Throws:
Returns:the KrbAsReq object
/**
     * Build a KrbAsReq object from all info fed above. Normally this method
     * will be called twice: initial AS-REQ and second with pakey
     * @return the KrbAsReq object
     * @throws KrbException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private KrbAsReq build() throws KrbException, IOException {
        return new KrbAsReq(pakey,
            options,
            cname,
            sname,
            from,
            till,
            rtime,
            eTypes,
            addresses);
    }

    
Parses AS-REP, decrypts enc-part, retrieves ticket and session key

Throws:
/**
     * Parses AS-REP, decrypts enc-part, retrieves ticket and session key
     * @throws KrbException
     * @throws Asn1Exception
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private KrbAsReqBuilder resolve() throws KrbException, Asn1Exception, IOException {
        if (keys != null) {
            rep.decryptUsingKeys(keys, req);
        } else {
            rep.decryptUsingPassword(password, req, cname);
        }
        if (rep.getPA() != null) {
            if (paList == null || paList.length == 0) {
                paList = rep.getPA();
            } else {
                int extraLen = rep.getPA().length;
                if (extraLen > 0) {
                    int oldLen = paList.length;
                    paList = Arrays.copyOf(paList, paList.length + extraLen);
                    System.arraycopy(rep.getPA(), 0, paList, oldLen, extraLen);
                }
            }
        }
        return this;
    }

    
Communication until AS-REP or non preauth-related KRB-ERROR received

Throws:
/**
     * Communication until AS-REP or non preauth-related KRB-ERROR received
     * @throws KrbException
     * @throws IOException
     */
    private KrbAsReqBuilder send() throws KrbException, IOException {
        boolean preAuthFailedOnce = false;
        KdcComm comm = new KdcComm(cname.getRealmAsString());
        while (true) {
            try {
                req = build();
                rep = new KrbAsRep(comm.send(req.encoding()));
                return this;
            } catch (KrbException ke) {
                if (!preAuthFailedOnce && (
                        ke.returnCode() == Krb5.KDC_ERR_PREAUTH_FAILED ||
                        ke.returnCode() == Krb5.KDC_ERR_PREAUTH_REQUIRED)) {
                    if (Krb5.DEBUG) {
                        System.out.println("KrbAsReqBuilder: " +
                                "PREAUTH FAILED/REQ, re-send AS-REQ");
                    }
                    preAuthFailedOnce = true;
                    KRBError kerr = ke.getError();
                    if (password == null) {
                        pakey = EncryptionKey.findKey(kerr.getEType(), keys);
                    } else {
                        PAData.SaltAndParams snp = PAData.getSaltAndParams(
                                kerr.getEType(), kerr.getPA());
                        if (kerr.getEType() == 0) {
                            // Possible if PA-PW-SALT is in KRB-ERROR. RFC
                            // does not recommend this
                            pakey = EncryptionKey.acquireSecretKey(password,
                                    snp.salt == null ? cname.getSalt() : snp.salt,
                                    eTypes[0],
                                    null);
                        } else {
                            pakey = EncryptionKey.acquireSecretKey(password,
                                    snp.salt == null ? cname.getSalt() : snp.salt,
                                    kerr.getEType(),
                                    snp.params);
                        }
                    }
                    paList = kerr.getPA();  // Update current paList
                } else {
                    throw ke;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    
Performs AS-REQ send and AS-REP receive.
Maybe a state is needed here, to divide prepare process and getCreds.

Throws:
/**
     * Performs AS-REQ send and AS-REP receive.
     * Maybe a state is needed here, to divide prepare process and getCreds.
     * @throws KrbException
     * @throws Asn1Exception
     * @throws IOException
     */
    public KrbAsReqBuilder action()
            throws KrbException, Asn1Exception, IOException {
        checkState(State.INIT, "Cannot call action");
        state = State.REQ_OK;
        return send().resolve();
    }

    
Gets Credentials object after action

/**
     * Gets Credentials object after action
     */
    public Credentials getCreds() {
        checkState(State.REQ_OK, "Cannot retrieve creds");
        return rep.getCreds();
    }

    
Gets another type of Credentials after action

/**
     * Gets another type of Credentials after action
     */
    public sun.security.krb5.internal.ccache.Credentials getCCreds() {
        checkState(State.REQ_OK, "Cannot retrieve CCreds");
        return rep.getCCreds();
    }

    
Destroys the object and clears keys and password info.

/**
     * Destroys the object and clears keys and password info.
     */
    public void destroy() {
        state = State.DESTROYED;
        if (keys != null) {
            for (EncryptionKey k: keys) {
                k.destroy();
            }
            keys = null;
        }
        if (password != null) {
            Arrays.fill(password, (char)0);
            password = null;
        }
    }

    
Checks if the current state is the specified one.

Params:
  • st – the expected state
  • msg – error message if state is not correct
Throws:
/**
     * Checks if the current state is the specified one.
     * @param st the expected state
     * @param msg error message if state is not correct
     * @throws IllegalStateException if state is not correct
     */
    private void checkState(State st, String msg) {
        if (state != st) {
            throw new IllegalStateException(msg + " at " + st + " state");
        }
    }
}