/*
 * Copyright (c) 1999, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License version
 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
 * Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
 * or visit www.oracle.com if you need additional information or have any
 * questions.
 */

package com.sun.tools.javac.tree;

import java.io.*;

import com.sun.source.tree.MemberReferenceTree.ReferenceMode;
import com.sun.source.tree.ModuleTree.ModuleKind;
import com.sun.tools.javac.code.*;
import com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.*;
import com.sun.tools.javac.util.*;

import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.*;
import static com.sun.tools.javac.code.Flags.ANNOTATION;
import static com.sun.tools.javac.tree.JCTree.Tag.*;

Prints out a tree as an indented Java source program.
 
This is NOT part of any supported API.
 If you write code that depends on this, you do so at your own risk.
 This code and its internal interfaces are subject to change or
 deletion without notice.
/** Prints out a tree as an indented Java source program.
 *
 *  <p><b>This is NOT part of any supported API.
 *  If you write code that depends on this, you do so at your own risk.
 *  This code and its internal interfaces are subject to change or
 *  deletion without notice.</b>
 */
public class Pretty extends JCTree.Visitor {

    public Pretty(Writer out, boolean sourceOutput) {
        this.out = out;
        this.sourceOutput = sourceOutput;
    }

    
Set when we are producing source output.  If we're not
 producing source output, we can sometimes give more detail in
 the output even though that detail would not be valid java
 source.
/** Set when we are producing source output.  If we're not
     *  producing source output, we can sometimes give more detail in
     *  the output even though that detail would not be valid java
     *  source.
     */
    private final boolean sourceOutput;

    
The output stream on which trees are printed.
/** The output stream on which trees are printed.
     */
    Writer out;

    
Indentation width (can be reassigned from outside).
/** Indentation width (can be reassigned from outside).
     */
    public int width = 4;

    
The current left margin.
/** The current left margin.
     */
    int lmargin = 0;

    
The enclosing class name.
/** The enclosing class name.
     */
    Name enclClassName;

    
A table mapping trees to their documentation comments
 (can be null)
/** A table mapping trees to their documentation comments
     *  (can be null)
     */
    DocCommentTable docComments = null;

    
A string sequence to be used when Pretty output should be constrained
to fit into a given size
/**
     * A string sequence to be used when Pretty output should be constrained
     * to fit into a given size
     */
    private final static String trimSequence = "[...]";

    
Max number of chars to be generated when output should fit into a single line
/**
     * Max number of chars to be generated when output should fit into a single line
     */
    private final static int PREFERRED_LENGTH = 20;

    
Align code to be indented to left margin.
/** Align code to be indented to left margin.
     */
    void align() throws IOException {
        for (int i = 0; i < lmargin; i++) out.write(" ");
    }

    
Increase left margin by indentation width.
/** Increase left margin by indentation width.
     */
    void indent() {
        lmargin = lmargin + width;
    }

    
Decrease left margin by indentation width.
/** Decrease left margin by indentation width.
     */
    void undent() {
        lmargin = lmargin - width;
    }

    
Enter a new precedence level. Emit a `(' if new precedence level
 is less than precedence level so far.
 @param contextPrec    The precedence level in force so far.
 @param ownPrec        The new precedence level.
/** Enter a new precedence level. Emit a `(' if new precedence level
     *  is less than precedence level so far.
     *  @param contextPrec    The precedence level in force so far.
     *  @param ownPrec        The new precedence level.
     */
    void open(int contextPrec, int ownPrec) throws IOException {
        if (ownPrec < contextPrec) out.write("(");
    }

    
Leave precedence level. Emit a `(' if inner precedence level
 is less than precedence level we revert to.
 @param contextPrec    The precedence level we revert to.
 @param ownPrec        The inner precedence level.
/** Leave precedence level. Emit a `(' if inner precedence level
     *  is less than precedence level we revert to.
     *  @param contextPrec    The precedence level we revert to.
     *  @param ownPrec        The inner precedence level.
     */
    void close(int contextPrec, int ownPrec) throws IOException {
        if (ownPrec < contextPrec) out.write(")");
    }

    
Print string, replacing all non-ascii character with unicode escapes.
/** Print string, replacing all non-ascii character with unicode escapes.
     */
    public void print(Object s) throws IOException {
        out.write(Convert.escapeUnicode(s.toString()));
    }

    
Print new line.
/** Print new line.
     */
    public void println() throws IOException {
        out.write(lineSep);
    }

    public static String toSimpleString(JCTree tree) {
        return toSimpleString(tree, PREFERRED_LENGTH);
    }

    public static String toSimpleString(JCTree tree, int maxLength) {
        StringWriter s = new StringWriter();
        try {
            new Pretty(s, false).printExpr(tree);
        }
        catch (IOException e) {
            // should never happen, because StringWriter is defined
            // never to throw any IOExceptions
            throw new AssertionError(e);
        }
        //we need to (i) replace all line terminators with a space and (ii) remove
        //occurrences of 'missing' in the Pretty output (generated when types are missing)
        String res = s.toString().trim().replaceAll("\\s+", " ").replaceAll("/\\*missing\\*/", "");
        if (res.length() < maxLength) {
            return res;
        } else {
            int head = (maxLength - trimSequence.length()) * 2 / 3;
            int tail = maxLength - trimSequence.length() - head;
            return res.substring(0, head) + trimSequence + res.substring(res.length() - tail);
        }
    }

    String lineSep = System.getProperty("line.separator");

    /* ************************************************************************
     * Traversal methods
     *************************************************************************/

    
Exception to propagate IOException through visitXYZ methods /** Exception to propagate IOException through visitXYZ methods */
    private static class UncheckedIOException extends Error {
        static final long serialVersionUID = -4032692679158424751L;
        UncheckedIOException(IOException e) {
            super(e.getMessage(), e);
        }
    }

    
Visitor argument: the current precedence level.
/** Visitor argument: the current precedence level.
     */
    int prec;

    
Visitor method: print expression tree.
 @param prec  The current precedence level.
/** Visitor method: print expression tree.
     *  @param prec  The current precedence level.
     */
    public void printExpr(JCTree tree, int prec) throws IOException {
        int prevPrec = this.prec;
        try {
            this.prec = prec;
            if (tree == null) print("/*missing*/");
            else {
                tree.accept(this);
            }
        } catch (UncheckedIOException ex) {
            IOException e = new IOException(ex.getMessage());
            e.initCause(ex);
            throw e;
        } finally {
            this.prec = prevPrec;
        }
    }

    
Derived visitor method: print expression tree at minimum precedence level
 for expression.
/** Derived visitor method: print expression tree at minimum precedence level
     *  for expression.
     */
    public void printExpr(JCTree tree) throws IOException {
        printExpr(tree, TreeInfo.noPrec);
    }

    
Derived visitor method: print statement tree.
/** Derived visitor method: print statement tree.
     */
    public void printStat(JCTree tree) throws IOException {
        printExpr(tree, TreeInfo.notExpression);
    }

    
Derived visitor method: print list of expression trees, separated by given string.
 @param sep the separator string
/** Derived visitor method: print list of expression trees, separated by given string.
     *  @param sep the separator string
     */
    public <T extends JCTree> void printExprs(List<T> trees, String sep) throws IOException {
        if (trees.nonEmpty()) {
            printExpr(trees.head);
            for (List<T> l = trees.tail; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
                print(sep);
                printExpr(l.head);
            }
        }
    }

    
Derived visitor method: print list of expression trees, separated by commas.
/** Derived visitor method: print list of expression trees, separated by commas.
     */
    public <T extends JCTree> void printExprs(List<T> trees) throws IOException {
        printExprs(trees, ", ");
    }


    
Derived visitor method: print pattern.
/** Derived visitor method: print pattern.
     */

    public void printPattern(JCTree tree) throws IOException {
        printExpr(tree);
    }

    
Derived visitor method: print list of statements, each on a separate line.
/** Derived visitor method: print list of statements, each on a separate line.
     */
    public void printStats(List<? extends JCTree> trees) throws IOException {
        for (List<? extends JCTree> l = trees; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
            align();
            printStat(l.head);
            println();
        }
    }

    
Print a set of modifiers.
/** Print a set of modifiers.
     */
    public void printFlags(long flags) throws IOException {
        if ((flags & SYNTHETIC) != 0) print("/*synthetic*/ ");
        print(TreeInfo.flagNames(flags));
        if ((flags & ExtendedStandardFlags) != 0) print(" ");
        if ((flags & ANNOTATION) != 0) print("@");
    }

    public void printAnnotations(List<JCAnnotation> trees) throws IOException {
        for (List<JCAnnotation> l = trees; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
            printStat(l.head);
            println();
            align();
        }
    }

    public void printTypeAnnotations(List<JCAnnotation> trees) throws IOException {
        for (List<JCAnnotation> l = trees; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
            printExpr(l.head);
            print(" ");
        }
    }

    
Print documentation comment, if it exists
 @param tree    The tree for which a documentation comment should be printed.
/** Print documentation comment, if it exists
     *  @param tree    The tree for which a documentation comment should be printed.
     */
    public void printDocComment(JCTree tree) throws IOException {
        if (docComments != null) {
            String dc = docComments.getCommentText(tree);
            if (dc != null) {
                print("/**"); println();
                int pos = 0;
                int endpos = lineEndPos(dc, pos);
                while (pos < dc.length()) {
                    align();
                    print(" *");
                    if (pos < dc.length() && dc.charAt(pos) > ' ') print(" ");
                    print(dc.substring(pos, endpos)); println();
                    pos = endpos + 1;
                    endpos = lineEndPos(dc, pos);
                }
                align(); print(" */"); println();
                align();
            }
        }
    }
//where
    static int lineEndPos(String s, int start) {
        int pos = s.indexOf('\n', start);
        if (pos < 0) pos = s.length();
        return pos;
    }

    
If type parameter list is non-empty, print it enclosed in "<...>" brackets. /** If type parameter list is non-empty, print it enclosed in
     *  {@literal "<...>"} brackets.
     */
    public void printTypeParameters(List<JCTypeParameter> trees) throws IOException {
        if (trees.nonEmpty()) {
            print("<");
            printExprs(trees);
            print(">");
        }
    }

    
Print a block.
/** Print a block.
     */
    public void printBlock(List<? extends JCTree> stats) throws IOException {
        print("{");
        println();
        indent();
        printStats(stats);
        undent();
        align();
        print("}");
    }

    
Print a block.
/** Print a block.
     */
    public void printEnumBody(List<JCTree> stats) throws IOException {
        print("{");
        println();
        indent();
        boolean first = true;
        for (List<JCTree> l = stats; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
            if (isEnumerator(l.head)) {
                if (!first) {
                    print(",");
                    println();
                }
                align();
                printStat(l.head);
                first = false;
            }
        }
        print(";");
        println();
        for (List<JCTree> l = stats; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
            if (!isEnumerator(l.head)) {
                align();
                printStat(l.head);
                println();
            }
        }
        undent();
        align();
        print("}");
    }

    
Is the given tree an enumerator definition? /** Is the given tree an enumerator definition? */
    boolean isEnumerator(JCTree t) {
        return t.hasTag(VARDEF) && (((JCVariableDecl) t).mods.flags & ENUM) != 0;
    }

    
Print unit consisting of package clause and import statements in toplevel,
 followed by class definition. if class definition == null,
 print all definitions in toplevel.
 @param tree     The toplevel tree
 @param cdef     The class definition, which is assumed to be part of the
                 toplevel tree.
/** Print unit consisting of package clause and import statements in toplevel,
     *  followed by class definition. if class definition == null,
     *  print all definitions in toplevel.
     *  @param tree     The toplevel tree
     *  @param cdef     The class definition, which is assumed to be part of the
     *                  toplevel tree.
     */
    public void printUnit(JCCompilationUnit tree, JCClassDecl cdef) throws IOException {
        docComments = tree.docComments;
        printDocComment(tree);

        boolean firstImport = true;
        for (List<JCTree> l = tree.defs;
             l.nonEmpty() &&
                 (cdef == null ||
                  l.head.hasTag(IMPORT) || l.head.hasTag(PACKAGEDEF));
             l = l.tail) {
            if (l.head.hasTag(IMPORT)) {
                JCImport imp = (JCImport)l.head;
                Name name = TreeInfo.name(imp.qualid);
                if (name == name.table.names.asterisk ||
                        cdef == null ||
                        isUsed(TreeInfo.symbol(imp.qualid), cdef)) {
                    if (firstImport) {
                        firstImport = false;
                        println();
                    }
                    printStat(imp);
                }
            } else {
                printStat(l.head);
            }
        }
        if (cdef != null) {
            printStat(cdef);
            println();
        }
    }
    // where
    boolean isUsed(final Symbol t, JCTree cdef) {
        class UsedVisitor extends TreeScanner {
            public void scan(JCTree tree) {
                if (tree!=null && !result) tree.accept(this);
            }
            boolean result = false;
            public void visitIdent(JCIdent tree) {
                if (tree.sym == t) result = true;
            }
        }
        UsedVisitor v = new UsedVisitor();
        v.scan(cdef);
        return v.result;
    }

    
Visitor methods
/**************************************************************************
     * Visitor methods
     *************************************************************************/

    public void visitTopLevel(JCCompilationUnit tree) {
        try {
            printUnit(tree, null);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitPackageDef(JCPackageDecl tree) {
        try {
            printDocComment(tree);
            printAnnotations(tree.annotations);
            if (tree.pid != null) {
                print("package ");
                printExpr(tree.pid);
                print(";");
                println();
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void visitModuleDef(JCModuleDecl tree) {
        try {
            printDocComment(tree);
            printAnnotations(tree.mods.annotations);
            if (tree.getModuleType() == ModuleKind.OPEN) {
                print("open ");
            }
            print("module ");
            printExpr(tree.qualId);
            if (tree.directives == null) {
                print(";");
            } else {
                print(" ");
                printBlock(tree.directives);
            }
            println();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void visitExports(JCExports tree) {
        try {
            print("exports ");
            printExpr(tree.qualid);
            if (tree.moduleNames != null) {
                print(" to ");
                printExprs(tree.moduleNames);
            }
            print(";");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void visitOpens(JCOpens tree) {
        try {
            print("opens ");
            printExpr(tree.qualid);
            if (tree.moduleNames != null) {
                print(" to ");
                printExprs(tree.moduleNames);
            }
            print(";");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void visitProvides(JCProvides tree) {
        try {
            print("provides ");
            printExpr(tree.serviceName);
            print(" with ");
            printExprs(tree.implNames);
            print(";");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void visitRequires(JCRequires tree) {
        try {
            print("requires ");
            if (tree.isStaticPhase)
                print("static ");
            if (tree.isTransitive)
                print("transitive ");
            printExpr(tree.moduleName);
            print(";");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void visitUses(JCUses tree) {
        try {
            print("uses ");
            printExpr(tree.qualid);
            print(";");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitImport(JCImport tree) {
        try {
            print("import ");
            if (tree.staticImport) print("static ");
            printExpr(tree.qualid);
            print(";");
            println();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitClassDef(JCClassDecl tree) {
        try {
            println(); align();
            printDocComment(tree);
            printAnnotations(tree.mods.annotations);
            printFlags(tree.mods.flags & ~INTERFACE);
            Name enclClassNamePrev = enclClassName;
            enclClassName = tree.name;
            if ((tree.mods.flags & INTERFACE) != 0) {
                print("interface " + tree.name);
                printTypeParameters(tree.typarams);
                if (tree.implementing.nonEmpty()) {
                    print(" extends ");
                    printExprs(tree.implementing);
                }
                if (tree.permitting.nonEmpty()) {
                    print(" permits ");
                    printExprs(tree.permitting);
                }
            } else {
                if ((tree.mods.flags & ENUM) != 0)
                    print("enum " + tree.name);
                else
                    print("class " + tree.name);
                printTypeParameters(tree.typarams);
                if (tree.extending != null) {
                    print(" extends ");
                    printExpr(tree.extending);
                }
                if (tree.implementing.nonEmpty()) {
                    print(" implements ");
                    printExprs(tree.implementing);
                }
                if (tree.permitting.nonEmpty()) {
                    print(" permits ");
                    printExprs(tree.permitting);
                }
            }
            print(" ");
            if ((tree.mods.flags & ENUM) != 0) {
                printEnumBody(tree.defs);
            } else {
                printBlock(tree.defs);
            }
            enclClassName = enclClassNamePrev;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitMethodDef(JCMethodDecl tree) {
        try {
            // when producing source output, omit anonymous constructors
            if (tree.name == tree.name.table.names.init &&
                    enclClassName == null &&
                    sourceOutput) return;
            println(); align();
            printDocComment(tree);
            printExpr(tree.mods);
            printTypeParameters(tree.typarams);
            if (tree.name == tree.name.table.names.init) {
                print(enclClassName != null ? enclClassName : tree.name);
            } else {
                printExpr(tree.restype);
                print(" " + tree.name);
            }
            print("(");
            if (tree.recvparam!=null) {
                printExpr(tree.recvparam);
                if (tree.params.size() > 0) {
                    print(", ");
                }
            }
            printExprs(tree.params);
            print(")");
            if (tree.thrown.nonEmpty()) {
                print(" throws ");
                printExprs(tree.thrown);
            }
            if (tree.defaultValue != null) {
                print(" default ");
                printExpr(tree.defaultValue);
            }
            if (tree.body != null) {
                print(" ");
                printStat(tree.body);
            } else {
                print(";");
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitVarDef(JCVariableDecl tree) {
        try {
            if (docComments != null && docComments.hasComment(tree)) {
                println(); align();
            }
            printDocComment(tree);
            if ((tree.mods.flags & ENUM) != 0) {
                print("/*public static final*/ ");
                print(tree.name);
                if (tree.init != null) {
                    if (tree.init.hasTag(NEWCLASS)) {
                        JCNewClass init = (JCNewClass) tree.init;
                        if (sourceOutput) {
                            print(" /*enum*/ ");
                            if (init.args != null && init.args.nonEmpty()) {
                                print("(");
                                print(init.args);
                                print(")");
                            }
                            if (init.def != null && init.def.defs != null) {
                                print(" ");
                                printBlock(init.def.defs);
                            }
                            return;
                        }else {
                            print(" /* = ");
                            print("new ");
                            if (init.def != null && init.def.mods.annotations.nonEmpty()) {
                                printTypeAnnotations(init.def.mods.annotations);
                            }
                            printExpr(init.clazz);
                            print("(");
                            printExprs(init.args);
                            print(")");
                            print(" */");
                            print(" /*enum*/ ");
                            if (init.args != null && init.args.nonEmpty()) {
                                print("(");
                                printExprs(init.args);
                                print(")");
                            }
                            if (init.def != null && init.def.defs != null) {
                                print(" ");
                                printBlock(init.def.defs);
                            }
                            return;
                        }
                    }
                    print(" /* = ");
                    printExpr(tree.init);
                    print(" */");
                }
            } else {
                printExpr(tree.mods);
                if ((tree.mods.flags & VARARGS) != 0) {
                    JCTree vartype = tree.vartype;
                    List<JCAnnotation> tas = null;
                    if (vartype instanceof JCAnnotatedType) {
                        tas = ((JCAnnotatedType)vartype).annotations;
                        vartype = ((JCAnnotatedType)vartype).underlyingType;
                    }
                    printExpr(((JCArrayTypeTree) vartype).elemtype);
                    if (tas != null) {
                        print(' ');
                        printTypeAnnotations(tas);
                    }
                    print("... " + tree.name);
                } else {
                    printExpr(tree.vartype);
                    print(" " + tree.name);
                }
                if (tree.init != null) {
                    print(" = ");
                    printExpr(tree.init);
                }
                if (prec == TreeInfo.notExpression) print(";");
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitSkip(JCSkip tree) {
        try {
            print(";");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitBlock(JCBlock tree) {
        try {
            printFlags(tree.flags);
            printBlock(tree.stats);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitDoLoop(JCDoWhileLoop tree) {
        try {
            print("do ");
            printStat(tree.body);
            align();
            print(" while ");
            if (tree.cond.hasTag(PARENS)) {
                printExpr(tree.cond);
            } else {
                print("(");
                printExpr(tree.cond);
                print(")");
            }
            print(";");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitWhileLoop(JCWhileLoop tree) {
        try {
            print("while ");
            if (tree.cond.hasTag(PARENS)) {
                printExpr(tree.cond);
            } else {
                print("(");
                printExpr(tree.cond);
                print(")");
            }
            print(" ");
            printStat(tree.body);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitForLoop(JCForLoop tree) {
        try {
            print("for (");
            if (tree.init.nonEmpty()) {
                if (tree.init.head.hasTag(VARDEF)) {
                    printExpr(tree.init.head);
                    for (List<JCStatement> l = tree.init.tail; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
                        JCVariableDecl vdef = (JCVariableDecl)l.head;
                        print(", " + vdef.name);
                        if (vdef.init != null) {
                            print(" = ");
                            printExpr(vdef.init);
                        }
                    }
                } else {
                    printExprs(tree.init);
                }
            }
            print("; ");
            if (tree.cond != null) printExpr(tree.cond);
            print("; ");
            printExprs(tree.step);
            print(") ");
            printStat(tree.body);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitForeachLoop(JCEnhancedForLoop tree) {
        try {
            print("for (");
            printExpr(tree.var);
            print(" : ");
            printExpr(tree.expr);
            print(") ");
            printStat(tree.body);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitLabelled(JCLabeledStatement tree) {
        try {
            print(tree.label + ": ");
            printStat(tree.body);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitSwitch(JCSwitch tree) {
        try {
            print("switch ");
            if (tree.selector.hasTag(PARENS)) {
                printExpr(tree.selector);
            } else {
                print("(");
                printExpr(tree.selector);
                print(")");
            }
            print(" {");
            println();
            printStats(tree.cases);
            align();
            print("}");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitCase(JCCase tree) {
        try {
            if (tree.pats.isEmpty()) {
                print("default");
            } else {
                print("case ");
                printExprs(tree.pats);
            }
            if (tree.caseKind == JCCase.STATEMENT) {
                print(":");
                println();
                indent();
                printStats(tree.stats);
                undent();
                align();
            } else {
                print(" -> ");
                printStat(tree.stats.head);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitSwitchExpression(JCSwitchExpression tree) {
        try {
            print("switch ");
            if (tree.selector.hasTag(PARENS)) {
                printExpr(tree.selector);
            } else {
                print("(");
                printExpr(tree.selector);
                print(")");
            }
            print(" {");
            println();
            printStats(tree.cases);
            align();
            print("}");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitBindingPattern(JCBindingPattern patt) {
        try {
            printExpr(patt.var);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitSynchronized(JCSynchronized tree) {
        try {
            print("synchronized ");
            if (tree.lock.hasTag(PARENS)) {
                printExpr(tree.lock);
            } else {
                print("(");
                printExpr(tree.lock);
                print(")");
            }
            print(" ");
            printStat(tree.body);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitTry(JCTry tree) {
        try {
            print("try ");
            if (tree.resources.nonEmpty()) {
                print("(");
                boolean first = true;
                for (JCTree var : tree.resources) {
                    if (!first) {
                        println();
                        indent();
                    }
                    printStat(var);
                    first = false;
                }
                print(") ");
            }
            printStat(tree.body);
            for (List<JCCatch> l = tree.catchers; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
                printStat(l.head);
            }
            if (tree.finalizer != null) {
                print(" finally ");
                printStat(tree.finalizer);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitCatch(JCCatch tree) {
        try {
            print(" catch (");
            printExpr(tree.param);
            print(") ");
            printStat(tree.body);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitConditional(JCConditional tree) {
        try {
            open(prec, TreeInfo.condPrec);
            printExpr(tree.cond, TreeInfo.condPrec + 1);
            print(" ? ");
            printExpr(tree.truepart);
            print(" : ");
            printExpr(tree.falsepart, TreeInfo.condPrec);
            close(prec, TreeInfo.condPrec);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitIf(JCIf tree) {
        try {
            print("if ");
            if (tree.cond.hasTag(PARENS)) {
                printExpr(tree.cond);
            } else {
                print("(");
                printExpr(tree.cond);
                print(")");
            }
            print(" ");
            printStat(tree.thenpart);
            if (tree.elsepart != null) {
                print(" else ");
                printStat(tree.elsepart);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitExec(JCExpressionStatement tree) {
        try {
            printExpr(tree.expr);
            if (prec == TreeInfo.notExpression) print(";");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitBreak(JCBreak tree) {
        try {
            print("break");
            if (tree.label != null) print(" " + tree.label);
            print(";");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitYield(JCYield tree) {
        try {
            print("yield");
            print(" ");
            printExpr(tree.value);
            print(";");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitContinue(JCContinue tree) {
        try {
            print("continue");
            if (tree.label != null) print(" " + tree.label);
            print(";");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitReturn(JCReturn tree) {
        try {
            print("return");
            if (tree.expr != null) {
                print(" ");
                printExpr(tree.expr);
            }
            print(";");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitThrow(JCThrow tree) {
        try {
            print("throw ");
            printExpr(tree.expr);
            print(";");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitAssert(JCAssert tree) {
        try {
            print("assert ");
            printExpr(tree.cond);
            if (tree.detail != null) {
                print(" : ");
                printExpr(tree.detail);
            }
            print(";");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitApply(JCMethodInvocation tree) {
        try {
            if (!tree.typeargs.isEmpty()) {
                if (tree.meth.hasTag(SELECT)) {
                    JCFieldAccess left = (JCFieldAccess)tree.meth;
                    printExpr(left.selected);
                    print(".<");
                    printExprs(tree.typeargs);
                    print(">" + left.name);
                } else {
                    print("<");
                    printExprs(tree.typeargs);
                    print(">");
                    printExpr(tree.meth);
                }
            } else {
                printExpr(tree.meth);
            }
            print("(");
            printExprs(tree.args);
            print(")");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitNewClass(JCNewClass tree) {
        try {
            if (tree.encl != null) {
                printExpr(tree.encl);
                print(".");
            }
            print("new ");
            if (!tree.typeargs.isEmpty()) {
                print("<");
                printExprs(tree.typeargs);
                print(">");
            }
            if (tree.def != null && tree.def.mods.annotations.nonEmpty()) {
                printTypeAnnotations(tree.def.mods.annotations);
            }
            printExpr(tree.clazz);
            print("(");
            printExprs(tree.args);
            print(")");
            if (tree.def != null) {
                Name enclClassNamePrev = enclClassName;
                enclClassName =
                        tree.def.name != null ? tree.def.name :
                            tree.type != null && tree.type.tsym.name != tree.type.tsym.name.table.names.empty
                                ? tree.type.tsym.name : null;
                if ((tree.def.mods.flags & Flags.ENUM) != 0) print("/*enum*/");
                printBlock(tree.def.defs);
                enclClassName = enclClassNamePrev;
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitNewArray(JCNewArray tree) {
        try {
            if (tree.elemtype != null) {
                print("new ");
                JCTree elem = tree.elemtype;
                printBaseElementType(elem);

                if (!tree.annotations.isEmpty()) {
                    print(' ');
                    printTypeAnnotations(tree.annotations);
                }
                if (tree.elems != null) {
                    print("[]");
                }

                int i = 0;
                List<List<JCAnnotation>> da = tree.dimAnnotations;
                for (List<JCExpression> l = tree.dims; l.nonEmpty(); l = l.tail) {
                    if (da.size() > i && !da.get(i).isEmpty()) {
                        print(' ');
                        printTypeAnnotations(da.get(i));
                    }
                    print("[");
                    i++;
                    printExpr(l.head);
                    print("]");
                }
                printBrackets(elem);
            }
            if (tree.elems != null) {
                print("{");
                printExprs(tree.elems);
                print("}");
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitLambda(JCLambda tree) {
        try {
            print("(");
            if (tree.paramKind == JCLambda.ParameterKind.EXPLICIT) {
                printExprs(tree.params);
            } else {
                String sep = "";
                for (JCVariableDecl param : tree.params) {
                    print(sep);
                    print(param.name);
                    sep = ",";
                }
            }
            print(")->");
            printExpr(tree.body);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitParens(JCParens tree) {
        try {
            print("(");
            printExpr(tree.expr);
            print(")");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitAssign(JCAssign tree) {
        try {
            open(prec, TreeInfo.assignPrec);
            printExpr(tree.lhs, TreeInfo.assignPrec + 1);
            print(" = ");
            printExpr(tree.rhs, TreeInfo.assignPrec);
            close(prec, TreeInfo.assignPrec);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public String operatorName(JCTree.Tag tag) {
        switch(tag) {
            case POS:     return "+";
            case NEG:     return "-";
            case NOT:     return "!";
            case COMPL:   return "~";
            case PREINC:  return "++";
            case PREDEC:  return "--";
            case POSTINC: return "++";
            case POSTDEC: return "--";
            case NULLCHK: return "<*nullchk*>";
            case OR:      return "||";
            case AND:     return "&&";
            case EQ:      return "==";
            case NE:      return "!=";
            case LT:      return "<";
            case GT:      return ">";
            case LE:      return "<=";
            case GE:      return ">=";
            case BITOR:   return "|";
            case BITXOR:  return "^";
            case BITAND:  return "&";
            case SL:      return "<<";
            case SR:      return ">>";
            case USR:     return ">>>";
            case PLUS:    return "+";
            case MINUS:   return "-";
            case MUL:     return "*";
            case DIV:     return "/";
            case MOD:     return "%";
            default: throw new Error();
        }
    }

    public void visitAssignop(JCAssignOp tree) {
        try {
            open(prec, TreeInfo.assignopPrec);
            printExpr(tree.lhs, TreeInfo.assignopPrec + 1);
            print(" " + operatorName(tree.getTag().noAssignOp()) + "= ");
            printExpr(tree.rhs, TreeInfo.assignopPrec);
            close(prec, TreeInfo.assignopPrec);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitUnary(JCUnary tree) {
        try {
            int ownprec = TreeInfo.opPrec(tree.getTag());
            String opname = operatorName(tree.getTag());
            open(prec, ownprec);
            if (!tree.getTag().isPostUnaryOp()) {
                print(opname);
                printExpr(tree.arg, ownprec);
            } else {
                printExpr(tree.arg, ownprec);
                print(opname);
            }
            close(prec, ownprec);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitBinary(JCBinary tree) {
        try {
            int ownprec = TreeInfo.opPrec(tree.getTag());
            String opname = operatorName(tree.getTag());
            open(prec, ownprec);
            printExpr(tree.lhs, ownprec);
            print(" " + opname + " ");
            printExpr(tree.rhs, ownprec + 1);
            close(prec, ownprec);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitTypeCast(JCTypeCast tree) {
        try {
            open(prec, TreeInfo.prefixPrec);
            print("(");
            printExpr(tree.clazz);
            print(")");
            printExpr(tree.expr, TreeInfo.prefixPrec);
            close(prec, TreeInfo.prefixPrec);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitTypeTest(JCInstanceOf tree) {
        try {
            open(prec, TreeInfo.ordPrec);
            printExpr(tree.expr, TreeInfo.ordPrec);
            print(" instanceof ");
            if (tree.pattern instanceof JCPattern) {
                printPattern(tree.pattern);
            } else {
                printExpr(tree.getType(), TreeInfo.ordPrec + 1);
            }
            close(prec, TreeInfo.ordPrec);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitIndexed(JCArrayAccess tree) {
        try {
            printExpr(tree.indexed, TreeInfo.postfixPrec);
            print("[");
            printExpr(tree.index);
            print("]");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitSelect(JCFieldAccess tree) {
        try {
            printExpr(tree.selected, TreeInfo.postfixPrec);
            print("." + tree.name);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitReference(JCMemberReference tree) {
        try {
            printExpr(tree.expr);
            print("::");
            if (tree.typeargs != null) {
                print("<");
                printExprs(tree.typeargs);
                print(">");
            }
            print(tree.getMode() == ReferenceMode.INVOKE ? tree.name : "new");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitIdent(JCIdent tree) {
        try {
            print(tree.name);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitLiteral(JCLiteral tree) {
        try {
            switch (tree.typetag) {
                case INT:
                    print(tree.value.toString());
                    break;
                case LONG:
                    print(tree.value + "L");
                    break;
                case FLOAT:
                    print(tree.value + "F");
                    break;
                case DOUBLE:
                    print(tree.value.toString());
                    break;
                case CHAR:
                    print("\'" +
                            Convert.quote(
                            String.valueOf((char)((Number)tree.value).intValue())) +
                            "\'");
                    break;
                case BOOLEAN:
                    print(((Number)tree.value).intValue() == 1 ? "true" : "false");
                    break;
                case BOT:
                    print("null");
                    break;
                default:
                    print("\"" + Convert.quote(tree.value.toString()) + "\"");
                    break;
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitTypeIdent(JCPrimitiveTypeTree tree) {
        try {
            switch(tree.typetag) {
                case BYTE:
                    print("byte");
                    break;
                case CHAR:
                    print("char");
                    break;
                case SHORT:
                    print("short");
                    break;
                case INT:
                    print("int");
                    break;
                case LONG:
                    print("long");
                    break;
                case FLOAT:
                    print("float");
                    break;
                case DOUBLE:
                    print("double");
                    break;
                case BOOLEAN:
                    print("boolean");
                    break;
                case VOID:
                    print("void");
                    break;
                default:
                    print("error");
                    break;
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitTypeArray(JCArrayTypeTree tree) {
        try {
            printBaseElementType(tree);
            printBrackets(tree);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    // Prints the inner element type of a nested array
    private void printBaseElementType(JCTree tree) throws IOException {
        printExpr(TreeInfo.innermostType(tree, false));
    }

    // prints the brackets of a nested array in reverse order
    // tree is either JCArrayTypeTree or JCAnnotatedTypeTree
    private void printBrackets(JCTree tree) throws IOException {
        JCTree elem = tree;
        while (true) {
            if (elem.hasTag(ANNOTATED_TYPE)) {
                JCAnnotatedType atype = (JCAnnotatedType) elem;
                elem = atype.underlyingType;
                if (elem.hasTag(TYPEARRAY)) {
                    print(' ');
                    printTypeAnnotations(atype.annotations);
                }
            }
            if (elem.hasTag(TYPEARRAY)) {
                print("[]");
                elem = ((JCArrayTypeTree)elem).elemtype;
            } else {
                break;
            }
        }
    }

    public void visitTypeApply(JCTypeApply tree) {
        try {
            printExpr(tree.clazz);
            print("<");
            printExprs(tree.arguments);
            print(">");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitTypeUnion(JCTypeUnion tree) {
        try {
            printExprs(tree.alternatives, " | ");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitTypeIntersection(JCTypeIntersection tree) {
        try {
            printExprs(tree.bounds, " & ");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitTypeParameter(JCTypeParameter tree) {
        try {
            if (tree.annotations.nonEmpty()) {
                this.printTypeAnnotations(tree.annotations);
            }
            print(tree.name);
            if (tree.bounds.nonEmpty()) {
                print(" extends ");
                printExprs(tree.bounds, " & ");
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void visitWildcard(JCWildcard tree) {
        try {
            print(tree.kind);
            if (tree.kind.kind != BoundKind.UNBOUND)
                printExpr(tree.inner);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void visitTypeBoundKind(TypeBoundKind tree) {
        try {
            print(String.valueOf(tree.kind));
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitErroneous(JCErroneous tree) {
        try {
            print("(ERROR)");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitLetExpr(LetExpr tree) {
        try {
            print("(let " + tree.defs + " in " + tree.expr + ")");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitModifiers(JCModifiers mods) {
        try {
            printAnnotations(mods.annotations);
            printFlags(mods.flags);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitAnnotation(JCAnnotation tree) {
        try {
            print("@");
            printExpr(tree.annotationType);
            if (!tree.args.isEmpty()) {
                print("(");
                printExprs(tree.args);
                print(")");
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitAnnotatedType(JCAnnotatedType tree) {
        try {
            if (tree.underlyingType.hasTag(SELECT)) {
                JCFieldAccess access = (JCFieldAccess) tree.underlyingType;
                printExpr(access.selected, TreeInfo.postfixPrec);
                print(".");
                printTypeAnnotations(tree.annotations);
                print(access.name);
            } else if (tree.underlyingType.hasTag(TYPEARRAY)) {
                printBaseElementType(tree);
                printBrackets(tree);
            } else {
                printTypeAnnotations(tree.annotations);
                printExpr(tree.underlyingType);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

    public void visitTree(JCTree tree) {
        try {
            print("(UNKNOWN: " + tree.getTag() + ")");
            println();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new UncheckedIOException(e);
        }
    }

}