https://openjdk.java.net/ 
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 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
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 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
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 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
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 * accompanied this code).
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 *
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package javax.imageio.stream;

import java.io.DataOutput;
import java.io.IOException;


A seekable output stream interface for use by ImageWriters. Various output destinations, such as OutputStreams and Files, as well as future fast I/O destinations may be "wrapped" by a suitable implementation of this interface for use by the Image I/O API. 
 Unlike a standard OutputStream, ImageOutputStream extends its counterpart, ImageInputStream. Thus it is possible to read from the stream as it is being written. The same seek and flush positions apply to both reading and writing, although the semantics for dealing with a non-zero bit offset before a byte-aligned write are necessarily different from the semantics for dealing with a non-zero bit offset before a byte-aligned read. When reading bytes, any bit offset is set to 0 before the read; when writing bytes, a non-zero bit offset causes the remaining bits in the byte to be written as 0s. The byte-aligned write then starts at the next byte position. 
See Also:
/**
 * A seekable output stream interface for use by
 * {@code ImageWriter}s.  Various output destinations, such as
 * {@code OutputStream}s and {@code File}s, as well as
 * future fast I/O destinations may be "wrapped" by a suitable
 * implementation of this interface for use by the Image I/O API.
 *
 * <p> Unlike a standard {@code OutputStream}, ImageOutputStream
 * extends its counterpart, {@code ImageInputStream}.  Thus it is
 * possible to read from the stream as it is being written.  The same
 * seek and flush positions apply to both reading and writing, although
 * the semantics for dealing with a non-zero bit offset before a byte-aligned
 * write are necessarily different from the semantics for dealing with
 * a non-zero bit offset before a byte-aligned read.  When reading bytes,
 * any bit offset is set to 0 before the read; when writing bytes, a
 * non-zero bit offset causes the remaining bits in the byte to be written
 * as 0s. The byte-aligned write then starts at the next byte position.
 *
 * @see ImageInputStream
 *
 */
public interface ImageOutputStream extends ImageInputStream, DataOutput {

    
Writes a single byte to the stream at the current position. The 24 high-order bits of b are ignored. 
 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s and written out first. The bit offset will be 0 after the write. Implementers can use the flushBits method of ImageOutputStreamImpl to guarantee this. 
Params:
  • b – an int whose lower 8 bits are to be written.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes a single byte to the stream at the current position.
     * The 24 high-order bits of {@code b} are ignored.
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.  Implementers can use the
     * {@link ImageOutputStreamImpl#flushBits flushBits}
     * method of {@link ImageOutputStreamImpl ImageOutputStreamImpl}
     * to guarantee this.
     *
     * @param b an {@code int} whose lower 8 bits are to be
     * written.
     *
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void write(int b) throws IOException;

    
Writes a sequence of bytes to the stream at the current position. If b.length is 0, nothing is written. The byte b[0] is written first, then the byte b[1], and so on. 
 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Params:
  • b – an array of bytes to be written.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes a sequence of bytes to the stream at the current
     * position.  If {@code b.length} is 0, nothing is written.
     * The byte {@code b[0]} is written first, then the byte
     * {@code b[1]}, and so on.
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * @param b an array of {@code byte}s to be written.
     *
     * @exception NullPointerException if {@code b} is
     * {@code null}.
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void write(byte[] b) throws IOException;

    
Writes a sequence of bytes to the stream at the current position. If len is 0, nothing is written. The byte b[off] is written first, then the byte b[off + 1], and so on. 
 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s and written out first. The bit offset will be 0 after the write. Implementers can use the flushBits method of ImageOutputStreamImpl to guarantee this. 
Params:
  • b – an array of bytes to be written.
  • off – the start offset in the data.
  • len – the number of bytes to write.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes a sequence of bytes to the stream at the current
     * position.  If {@code len} is 0, nothing is written.
     * The byte {@code b[off]} is written first, then the byte
     * {@code b[off + 1]}, and so on.
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.  Implementers can use the
     * {@link ImageOutputStreamImpl#flushBits flushBits}
     * method of {@link ImageOutputStreamImpl ImageOutputStreamImpl}
     * to guarantee this.
     *
     * @param b an array of {@code byte}s to be written.
     * @param off the start offset in the data.
     * @param len the number of {@code byte}s to write.
     *
     * @exception IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code off} is
     * negative, {@code len} is negative, or {@code off + len}
     * is greater than {@code b.length}.
     * @exception NullPointerException if {@code b} is
     * {@code null}.
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void write(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException;

    
Writes a boolean value to the stream. If v is true, the value (byte)1 is written; if v is false, the value (byte)0 is written. 
 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Params:
  • v – the boolean to be written.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes a {@code boolean} value to the stream.  If
     * {@code v} is true, the value {@code (byte)1} is
     * written; if {@code v} is false, the value
     * {@code (byte)0} is written.
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * @param v the {@code boolean} to be written.
     *
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeBoolean(boolean v) throws IOException;

    
Writes the 8 low-order bits of v to the stream. The 24 high-order bits of v are ignored. (This means that writeByte does exactly the same thing as write for an integer argument.) 
 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Params:
  • v – an int containing the byte value to be written.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes the 8 low-order bits of {@code v} to the
     * stream. The 24 high-order bits of {@code v} are ignored.
     * (This means that {@code writeByte} does exactly the same
     * thing as {@code write} for an integer argument.)
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * @param v an {@code int} containing the byte value to be
     * written.
     *
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeByte(int v) throws IOException;

    
Writes the 16 low-order bits of v to the stream. The 16 high-order bits of v are ignored. If the stream uses network byte order, the bytes written, in order, will be: 
(byte)((v >> 8) & 0xff)
(byte)(v & 0xff)


Otherwise, the bytes written will be:

(byte)(v & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 8) & 0xff)



 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Params:
  • v – an int containing the short value to be written.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes the 16 low-order bits of {@code v} to the
     * stream. The 16 high-order bits of {@code v} are ignored.
     * If the stream uses network byte order, the bytes written, in
     * order, will be:
     *
     * <pre>
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)(v &amp; 0xff)
     * </pre>
     *
     * Otherwise, the bytes written will be:
     *
     * <pre>
     * (byte)(v &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xff)
     * </pre>
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * @param v an {@code int} containing the short value to be
     * written.
     *
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeShort(int v) throws IOException;

    
This method is a synonym for writeShort. 
Params:
  • v – an int containing the char (unsigned short) value to be written.
Throws:
See Also:
/**
     * This method is a synonym for {@link #writeShort writeShort}.
     *
     * @param v an {@code int} containing the char (unsigned
     * short) value to be written.
     *
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     *
     * @see #writeShort(int)
     */
    void writeChar(int v) throws IOException;

    
Writes the 32 bits of v to the stream. If the stream uses network byte order, the bytes written, in order, will be: 
(byte)((v >> 24) & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 16) & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 8) & 0xff)
(byte)(v & 0xff)


Otheriwse, the bytes written will be:

(byte)(v & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 8) & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 16) & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 24) & 0xff)



 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Params:
  • v – an int containing the value to be written.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes the 32 bits of {@code v} to the stream.  If the
     * stream uses network byte order, the bytes written, in order,
     * will be:
     *
     * <pre>
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 24) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)(v &amp; 0xff)
     * </pre>
     *
     * Otheriwse, the bytes written will be:
     *
     * <pre>
     * (byte)(v &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 24) &amp; 0xff)
     * </pre>
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * @param v an {@code int} containing the value to be
     * written.
     *
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeInt(int v) throws IOException;

    
Writes the 64 bits of v to the stream. If the stream uses network byte order, the bytes written, in order, will be: 
(byte)((v >> 56) & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 48) & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 40) & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 32) & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 24) & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 16) & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 8) & 0xff)
(byte)(v & 0xff)


Otherwise, the bytes written will be:

(byte)(v & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 8) & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 16) & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 24) & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 32) & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 40) & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 48) & 0xff)
(byte)((v >> 56) & 0xff)



 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Params:
  • v – a long containing the value to be written.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes the 64 bits of {@code v} to the stream.  If the
     * stream uses network byte order, the bytes written, in order,
     * will be:
     *
     * <pre>
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 56) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 48) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 40) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 32) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 24) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)(v &amp; 0xff)
     * </pre>
     *
     * Otherwise, the bytes written will be:
     *
     * <pre>
     * (byte)(v &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 8) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 16) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 24) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 32) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 40) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 48) &amp; 0xff)
     * (byte)((v &gt;&gt; 56) &amp; 0xff)
     * </pre>
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * @param v a {@code long} containing the value to be
     * written.
     *
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeLong(long v) throws IOException;

    
Writes a float value, which is comprised of four bytes, to the output stream. It does this as if it first converts this float value to an int in exactly the manner of the Float.floatToIntBits method and then writes the int value in exactly the manner of the writeInt method. 
 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Params:
  • v – a float containing the value to be written.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes a {@code float} value, which is comprised of four
     * bytes, to the output stream. It does this as if it first
     * converts this {@code float} value to an {@code int}
     * in exactly the manner of the {@code Float.floatToIntBits}
     * method and then writes the int value in exactly the manner of
     * the {@code writeInt} method.
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * @param v a {@code float} containing the value to be
     * written.
     *
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeFloat(float v) throws IOException;

    
Writes a double value, which is comprised of four bytes, to the output stream. It does this as if it first converts this double value to a long in exactly the manner of the Double.doubleToLongBits method and then writes the long value in exactly the manner of the writeLong method. 
 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Params:
  • v – a double containing the value to be written.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes a {@code double} value, which is comprised of four
     * bytes, to the output stream. It does this as if it first
     * converts this {@code double} value to a {@code long}
     * in exactly the manner of the
     * {@code Double.doubleToLongBits} method and then writes the
     * long value in exactly the manner of the {@code writeLong}
     * method.
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * @param v a {@code double} containing the value to be
     * written.
     *
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeDouble(double v) throws IOException;

    
Writes a string to the output stream. For every character in the string s, taken in order, one byte is written to the output stream. If s is null, a NullPointerException is thrown. 
 If s.length is zero, then no bytes are written. Otherwise, the character s[0] is written first, then s[1], and so on; the last character written is s[s.length-1]. For each character, one byte is written, the low-order byte, in exactly the manner of the writeByte method. The high-order eight bits of each character in the string are ignored. 
 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Params:
  • s – a String containing the value to be written.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes a string to the output stream. For every character in
     * the string {@code s}, taken in order, one byte is written
     * to the output stream. If {@code s} is {@code null}, a
     * {@code NullPointerException} is thrown.
     *
     * <p> If {@code s.length} is zero, then no bytes are
     * written. Otherwise, the character {@code s[0]} is written
     * first, then {@code s[1]}, and so on; the last character
     * written is {@code s[s.length-1]}. For each character, one
     * byte is written, the low-order byte, in exactly the manner of
     * the {@code writeByte} method. The high-order eight bits of
     * each character in the string are ignored.
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * @param s a {@code String} containing the value to be
     * written.
     *
     * @exception NullPointerException if {@code s} is
     * {@code null}.
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeBytes(String s) throws IOException;

    
Writes a string to the output stream. For every character in the string s, taken in order, two bytes are written to the output stream, ordered according to the current byte order setting. If network byte order is being used, the high-order byte is written first; the order is reversed otherwise. If s is null, a NullPointerException is thrown. 
 If s.length is zero, then no bytes are written. Otherwise, the character s[0] is written first, then s[1], and so on; the last character written is s[s.length-1]. 
 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Params:
  • s – a String containing the value to be written.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes a string to the output stream. For every character in
     * the string {@code s}, taken in order, two bytes are
     * written to the output stream, ordered according to the current
     * byte order setting.  If network byte order is being used, the
     * high-order byte is written first; the order is reversed
     * otherwise.  If {@code s} is {@code null}, a
     * {@code NullPointerException} is thrown.
     *
     * <p> If {@code s.length} is zero, then no bytes are
     * written. Otherwise, the character {@code s[0]} is written
     * first, then {@code s[1]}, and so on; the last character
     * written is {@code s[s.length-1]}.
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * @param s a {@code String} containing the value to be
     * written.
     *
     * @exception NullPointerException if {@code s} is
     * {@code null}.
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeChars(String s) throws IOException;

    
Writes two bytes of length information to the output stream in
network byte order, followed by the

modified UTF-8 representation of every character in the string s. If s is null, a NullPointerException is thrown. Each character in the string s is converted to a group of one, two, or three bytes, depending on the value of the character. 
 If a character c is in the range \u0001 through \u007f, it is
represented by one byte:

(byte)c



 If a character c is \u0000 or
is in the range \u0080 through
\u07ff, then it is represented by two bytes,
to be written in the order shown:


(byte)(0xc0 | (0x1f & (c >> 6)))
(byte)(0x80 | (0x3f & c))



 If a character c is in the range \u0800 through uffff, then it is represented by three bytes, to be written in the order shown: 

(byte)(0xe0 | (0x0f & (c >> 12)))
(byte)(0x80 | (0x3f & (c >> 6)))
(byte)(0x80 | (0x3f & c))



 First, the total number of bytes needed to represent all the characters of s is calculated. If this number is larger than 65535, then a UTFDataFormatException is thrown. Otherwise, this length is written to the output stream in exactly the manner of the writeShort method; after this, the one-, two-, or three-byte representation of each character in the string s is written. 
 The current byte order setting is ignored.

 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Note: This method should not be used in
the  implementation of image formats that use standard UTF-8,
because  the modified UTF-8 used here is incompatible with
standard UTF-8.

Params:
  • s – a String containing the value to be written.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes two bytes of length information to the output stream in
     * network byte order, followed by the
     * <a href="../../../../java.base/java/io/DataInput.html#modified-utf-8">
     * modified UTF-8</a>
     * representation of every character in the string {@code s}.
     * If {@code s} is {@code null}, a
     * {@code NullPointerException} is thrown.  Each character in
     * the string {@code s} is converted to a group of one, two,
     * or three bytes, depending on the value of the character.
     *
     * <p> If a character {@code c} is in the range
     * <code>&#92;u0001</code> through <code>&#92;u007f</code>, it is
     * represented by one byte:
     *
     * <pre>
     * (byte)c
     * </pre>
     *
     * <p> If a character {@code c} is <code>&#92;u0000</code> or
     * is in the range <code>&#92;u0080</code> through
     * <code>&#92;u07ff</code>, then it is represented by two bytes,
     * to be written in the order shown:
     *
     * <pre><code>
     * (byte)(0xc0 | (0x1f &amp; (c &gt;&gt; 6)))
     * (byte)(0x80 | (0x3f &amp; c))
     * </code></pre>
     *
     * <p> If a character {@code c} is in the range
     * <code>&#92;u0800</code> through {@code uffff}, then it is
     * represented by three bytes, to be written in the order shown:
     *
     * <pre><code>
     * (byte)(0xe0 | (0x0f &amp; (c &gt;&gt; 12)))
     * (byte)(0x80 | (0x3f &amp; (c &gt;&gt; 6)))
     * (byte)(0x80 | (0x3f &amp; c))
     * </code></pre>
     *
     * <p> First, the total number of bytes needed to represent all
     * the characters of {@code s} is calculated. If this number
     * is larger than {@code 65535}, then a
     * {@code UTFDataFormatException} is thrown. Otherwise, this
     * length is written to the output stream in exactly the manner of
     * the {@code writeShort} method; after this, the one-, two-,
     * or three-byte representation of each character in the string
     * {@code s} is written.
     *
     * <p> The current byte order setting is ignored.
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * <p><strong>Note:</strong> This method should not be used in
     * the  implementation of image formats that use standard UTF-8,
     * because  the modified UTF-8 used here is incompatible with
     * standard UTF-8.
     *
     * @param s a {@code String} containing the value to be
     * written.
     *
     * @exception NullPointerException if {@code s} is
     * {@code null}.
     * @exception java.io.UTFDataFormatException if the modified UTF-8
     * representation of {@code s} requires more than 65536 bytes.
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeUTF(String s) throws IOException;

    
Writes a sequence of shorts to the stream at the current position. If len is 0, nothing is written. The short s[off] is written first, then the short s[off + 1], and so on. The byte order of the stream is used to determine the order in which the individual bytes are written. 
 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Params:
  • s – an array of shorts to be written.
  • off – the start offset in the data.
  • len – the number of shorts to write.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes a sequence of shorts to the stream at the current
     * position.  If {@code len} is 0, nothing is written.
     * The short {@code s[off]} is written first, then the short
     * {@code s[off + 1]}, and so on.  The byte order of the
     * stream is used to determine the order in which the individual
     * bytes are written.
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * @param s an array of {@code short}s to be written.
     * @param off the start offset in the data.
     * @param len the number of {@code short}s to write.
     *
     * @exception IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code off} is
     * negative, {@code len} is negative, or {@code off + len}
     * is greater than {@code s.length}.
     * @exception NullPointerException if {@code s} is
     * {@code null}.
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeShorts(short[] s, int off, int len) throws IOException;

    
Writes a sequence of chars to the stream at the current position. If len is 0, nothing is written. The char c[off] is written first, then the char c[off + 1], and so on. The byte order of the stream is used to determine the order in which the individual bytes are written. 
 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Params:
  • c – an array of chars to be written.
  • off – the start offset in the data.
  • len – the number of chars to write.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes a sequence of chars to the stream at the current
     * position.  If {@code len} is 0, nothing is written.
     * The char {@code c[off]} is written first, then the char
     * {@code c[off + 1]}, and so on.  The byte order of the
     * stream is used to determine the order in which the individual
     * bytes are written.
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * @param c an array of {@code char}s to be written.
     * @param off the start offset in the data.
     * @param len the number of {@code char}s to write.
     *
     * @exception IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code off} is
     * negative, {@code len} is negative, or {@code off + len}
     * is greater than {@code c.length}.
     * @exception NullPointerException if {@code c} is
     * {@code null}.
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeChars(char[] c, int off, int len) throws IOException;

    
Writes a sequence of ints to the stream at the current position. If len is 0, nothing is written. The int i[off] is written first, then the int i[off + 1], and so on. The byte order of the stream is used to determine the order in which the individual bytes are written. 
 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Params:
  • i – an array of ints to be written.
  • off – the start offset in the data.
  • len – the number of ints to write.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes a sequence of ints to the stream at the current
     * position.  If {@code len} is 0, nothing is written.
     * The int {@code i[off]} is written first, then the int
     * {@code i[off + 1]}, and so on.  The byte order of the
     * stream is used to determine the order in which the individual
     * bytes are written.
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * @param i an array of {@code int}s to be written.
     * @param off the start offset in the data.
     * @param len the number of {@code int}s to write.
     *
     * @exception IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code off} is
     * negative, {@code len} is negative, or {@code off + len}
     * is greater than {@code i.length}.
     * @exception NullPointerException if {@code i} is
     * {@code null}.
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeInts(int[] i, int off, int len) throws IOException;

    
Writes a sequence of longs to the stream at the current position. If len is 0, nothing is written. The long l[off] is written first, then the long l[off + 1], and so on. The byte order of the stream is used to determine the order in which the individual bytes are written. 
 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Params:
  • l – an array of longs to be written.
  • off – the start offset in the data.
  • len – the number of longs to write.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes a sequence of longs to the stream at the current
     * position.  If {@code len} is 0, nothing is written.
     * The long {@code l[off]} is written first, then the long
     * {@code l[off + 1]}, and so on.  The byte order of the
     * stream is used to determine the order in which the individual
     * bytes are written.
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * @param l an array of {@code long}s to be written.
     * @param off the start offset in the data.
     * @param len the number of {@code long}s to write.
     *
     * @exception IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code off} is
     * negative, {@code len} is negative, or {@code off + len}
     * is greater than {@code l.length}.
     * @exception NullPointerException if {@code l} is
     * {@code null}.
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeLongs(long[] l, int off, int len) throws IOException;

    
Writes a sequence of floats to the stream at the current position. If len is 0, nothing is written. The float f[off] is written first, then the float f[off + 1], and so on. The byte order of the stream is used to determine the order in which the individual bytes are written. 
 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Params:
  • f – an array of floats to be written.
  • off – the start offset in the data.
  • len – the number of floats to write.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes a sequence of floats to the stream at the current
     * position.  If {@code len} is 0, nothing is written.
     * The float {@code f[off]} is written first, then the float
     * {@code f[off + 1]}, and so on.  The byte order of the
     * stream is used to determine the order in which the individual
     * bytes are written.
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * @param f an array of {@code float}s to be written.
     * @param off the start offset in the data.
     * @param len the number of {@code float}s to write.
     *
     * @exception IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code off} is
     * negative, {@code len} is negative, or {@code off + len}
     * is greater than {@code f.length}.
     * @exception NullPointerException if {@code f} is
     * {@code null}.
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeFloats(float[] f, int off, int len) throws IOException;

    
Writes a sequence of doubles to the stream at the current position. If len is 0, nothing is written. The double d[off] is written first, then the double d[off + 1], and so on. The byte order of the stream is used to determine the order in which the individual bytes are written. 
 If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
write.

Params:
  • d – an array of doubless to be written.
  • off – the start offset in the data.
  • len – the number of doubles to write.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes a sequence of doubles to the stream at the current
     * position.  If {@code len} is 0, nothing is written.
     * The double {@code d[off]} is written first, then the double
     * {@code d[off + 1]}, and so on.  The byte order of the
     * stream is used to determine the order in which the individual
     * bytes are written.
     *
     * <p> If the bit offset within the stream is non-zero, the
     * remainder of the current byte is padded with 0s
     * and written out first.  The bit offset will be 0 after the
     * write.
     *
     * @param d an array of {@code doubles}s to be written.
     * @param off the start offset in the data.
     * @param len the number of {@code double}s to write.
     *
     * @exception IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code off} is
     * negative, {@code len} is negative, or {@code off + len}
     * is greater than {@code d.length}.
     * @exception NullPointerException if {@code d} is
     * {@code null}.
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeDoubles(double[] d, int off, int len) throws IOException;

    
Writes a single bit, given by the least significant bit of the
argument, to the stream at the current bit offset within the
current byte position.  The upper 31 bits of the argument are
ignored.  The given bit replaces the previous bit at that
position.  The bit offset is advanced by one and reduced modulo
8.

 If any bits of a particular byte have never been set
at the time the byte is flushed to the destination, those
bits will be set to 0 automatically.

Params:
  • bit – an int whose least significant bit is to be written to the stream.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes a single bit, given by the least significant bit of the
     * argument, to the stream at the current bit offset within the
     * current byte position.  The upper 31 bits of the argument are
     * ignored.  The given bit replaces the previous bit at that
     * position.  The bit offset is advanced by one and reduced modulo
     * 8.
     *
     * <p> If any bits of a particular byte have never been set
     * at the time the byte is flushed to the destination, those
     * bits will be set to 0 automatically.
     *
     * @param bit an {@code int} whose least significant bit
     * is to be written to the stream.
     *
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeBit(int bit) throws IOException;

    
Writes a sequence of bits, given by the numBits least significant bits of the bits argument in left-to-right order, to the stream at the current bit offset within the current byte position. The upper 64 - numBits bits of the argument are ignored. The bit offset is advanced by numBits and reduced modulo 8. Note that a bit offset of 0 always indicates the most-significant bit of the byte, and bytes of bits are written out in sequence as they are encountered. Thus bit writes are always effectively in network byte order. The actual stream byte order setting is ignored. 
 Bit data may be accumulated in memory indefinitely, until flushBefore is called. At that time, all bit data prior to the flushed position will be written. 
 If any bits of a particular byte have never been set
at the time the byte is flushed to the destination, those
bits will be set to 0 automatically.

Params:
  • bits – a long containing the bits to be written, starting with the bit in position numBits - 1 down to the least significant bit.
  • numBits – an int between 0 and 64, inclusive.
Throws:
/**
     * Writes a sequence of bits, given by the {@code numBits}
     * least significant bits of the {@code bits} argument in
     * left-to-right order, to the stream at the current bit offset
     * within the current byte position.  The upper {@code 64 - numBits}
     * bits of the argument are ignored.  The bit
     * offset is advanced by {@code numBits} and reduced modulo
     * 8.  Note that a bit offset of 0 always indicates the
     * most-significant bit of the byte, and bytes of bits are written
     * out in sequence as they are encountered.  Thus bit writes are
     * always effectively in network byte order.  The actual stream
     * byte order setting is ignored.
     *
     * <p> Bit data may be accumulated in memory indefinitely, until
     * {@code flushBefore} is called.  At that time, all bit data
     * prior to the flushed position will be written.
     *
     * <p> If any bits of a particular byte have never been set
     * at the time the byte is flushed to the destination, those
     * bits will be set to 0 automatically.
     *
     * @param bits a {@code long} containing the bits to be
     * written, starting with the bit in position {@code numBits - 1}
     * down to the least significant bit.
     *
     * @param numBits an {@code int} between 0 and 64, inclusive.
     *
     * @exception IllegalArgumentException if {@code numBits} is
     * not between 0 and 64, inclusive.
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void writeBits(long bits, int numBits) throws IOException;

    
Flushes all data prior to the given position to the underlying destination, such as an OutputStream or File. Attempting to seek to the flushed portion of the stream will result in an IndexOutOfBoundsException. 
Params:
  • pos – a long containing the length of the stream prefix that may be flushed to the destination.
Throws:
/**
     * Flushes all data prior to the given position to the underlying
     * destination, such as an {@code OutputStream} or
     * {@code File}.  Attempting to seek to the flushed portion
     * of the stream will result in an
     * {@code IndexOutOfBoundsException}.
     *
     * @param pos a {@code long} containing the length of the
     * stream prefix that may be flushed to the destination.
     *
     * @exception IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code pos} lies
     * in the flushed portion of the stream or past the current stream
     * position.
     * @exception IOException if an I/O error occurs.
     */
    void flushBefore(long pos) throws IOException;
}