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package javax.swing;

import javax.swing.text.*;
import javax.accessibility.*;

import java.beans.JavaBean;
import java.beans.BeanProperty;
import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Arrays;

JPasswordField is a lightweight component that allows the editing of a single line of text where the view indicates something was typed, but does not show the original characters. You can find further information and examples in How to Use Text Fields, a section in The Java Tutorial.

JPasswordField is intended to be source-compatible with java.awt.TextField used with echoChar set. It is provided separately to make it easier to safely change the UI for the JTextField without affecting password entries.

NOTE: By default, JPasswordField disables input methods; otherwise, input characters could be visible while they were composed using input methods. If an application needs the input methods support, please use the inherited method, enableInputMethods(true).

Warning: Swing is not thread safe. For more information see Swing's Threading Policy.

Warning: Serialized objects of this class will not be compatible with future Swing releases. The current serialization support is appropriate for short term storage or RMI between applications running the same version of Swing. As of 1.4, support for long term storage of all JavaBeans™ has been added to the java.beans package. Please see XMLEncoder.

Author: Timothy Prinzing
Since:1.2
/** * <code>JPasswordField</code> is a lightweight component that allows * the editing of a single line of text where the view indicates * something was typed, but does not show the original characters. * You can find further information and examples in * <a href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/uiswing/components/textfield.html">How to Use Text Fields</a>, * a section in <em>The Java Tutorial.</em> * <p> * <code>JPasswordField</code> is intended * to be source-compatible with <code>java.awt.TextField</code> * used with <code>echoChar</code> set. It is provided separately * to make it easier to safely change the UI for the * <code>JTextField</code> without affecting password entries. * <p> * <strong>NOTE:</strong> * By default, JPasswordField disables input methods; otherwise, input * characters could be visible while they were composed using input methods. * If an application needs the input methods support, please use the * inherited method, <code>enableInputMethods(true)</code>. * <p> * <strong>Warning:</strong> Swing is not thread safe. For more * information see <a * href="package-summary.html#threading">Swing's Threading * Policy</a>. * <p> * <strong>Warning:</strong> * Serialized objects of this class will not be compatible with * future Swing releases. The current serialization support is * appropriate for short term storage or RMI between applications running * the same version of Swing. As of 1.4, support for long term storage * of all JavaBeans&trade; * has been added to the <code>java.beans</code> package. * Please see {@link java.beans.XMLEncoder}. * * @author Timothy Prinzing * @since 1.2 */
@JavaBean(description = "Allows the editing of a line of text but doesn't show the characters.") @SwingContainer(false) @SuppressWarnings("serial") // Same-version serialization only public class JPasswordField extends JTextField {
Constructs a new JPasswordField, with a default document, null starting text string, and 0 column width.
/** * Constructs a new <code>JPasswordField</code>, * with a default document, <code>null</code> starting * text string, and 0 column width. */
public JPasswordField() { this(null,null,0); }
Constructs a new JPasswordField initialized with the specified text. The document model is set to the default, and the number of columns to 0.
Params:
  • text – the text to be displayed, null if none
/** * Constructs a new <code>JPasswordField</code> initialized * with the specified text. The document model is set to the * default, and the number of columns to 0. * * @param text the text to be displayed, <code>null</code> if none */
public JPasswordField(String text) { this(null, text, 0); }
Constructs a new empty JPasswordField with the specified number of columns. A default model is created, and the initial string is set to null.
Params:
  • columns – the number of columns >= 0
/** * Constructs a new empty <code>JPasswordField</code> with the specified * number of columns. A default model is created, and the initial string * is set to <code>null</code>. * * @param columns the number of columns &gt;= 0 */
public JPasswordField(int columns) { this(null, null, columns); }
Constructs a new JPasswordField initialized with the specified text and columns. The document model is set to the default.
Params:
  • text – the text to be displayed, null if none
  • columns – the number of columns >= 0
/** * Constructs a new <code>JPasswordField</code> initialized with * the specified text and columns. The document model is set to * the default. * * @param text the text to be displayed, <code>null</code> if none * @param columns the number of columns &gt;= 0 */
public JPasswordField(String text, int columns) { this(null, text, columns); }
Constructs a new JPasswordField that uses the given text storage model and the given number of columns. This is the constructor through which the other constructors feed. The echo character is set to '*', but may be changed by the current Look and Feel. If the document model is null, a default one will be created.
Params:
  • doc – the text storage to use
  • txt – the text to be displayed, null if none
  • columns – the number of columns to use to calculate the preferred width >= 0; if columns is set to zero, the preferred width will be whatever naturally results from the component implementation
/** * Constructs a new <code>JPasswordField</code> that uses the * given text storage model and the given number of columns. * This is the constructor through which the other constructors feed. * The echo character is set to '*', but may be changed by the current * Look and Feel. If the document model is * <code>null</code>, a default one will be created. * * @param doc the text storage to use * @param txt the text to be displayed, <code>null</code> if none * @param columns the number of columns to use to calculate * the preferred width &gt;= 0; if columns is set to zero, the * preferred width will be whatever naturally results from * the component implementation */
public JPasswordField(Document doc, String txt, int columns) { super(doc, txt, columns); // We could either leave this on, which wouldn't be secure, // or obscure the composted text, which essentially makes displaying // it useless. Therefore, we turn off input methods. enableInputMethods(false); }
Returns the name of the L&F class that renders this component.
See Also:
Returns:the string "PasswordFieldUI"
/** * Returns the name of the L&amp;F class that renders this component. * * @return the string "PasswordFieldUI" * @see JComponent#getUIClassID * @see UIDefaults#getUI */
@BeanProperty(bound = false) public String getUIClassID() { return uiClassID; }
{@inheritDoc}
Since:1.6
/** * {@inheritDoc} * @since 1.6 */
public void updateUI() { if(!echoCharSet) { echoChar = '*'; } super.updateUI(); }
Returns the character to be used for echoing. The default is '*'. The default may be different depending on the currently running Look and Feel. For example, Metal/Ocean's default is a bullet character.
See Also:
Returns:the echo character, 0 if unset
/** * Returns the character to be used for echoing. The default is '*'. * The default may be different depending on the currently running Look * and Feel. For example, Metal/Ocean's default is a bullet character. * * @return the echo character, 0 if unset * @see #setEchoChar * @see #echoCharIsSet */
public char getEchoChar() { return echoChar; }
Sets the echo character for this JPasswordField. Note that this is largely a suggestion, since the view that gets installed can use whatever graphic techniques it desires to represent the field. Setting a value of 0 indicates that you wish to see the text as it is typed, similar to the behavior of a standard JTextField.
Params:
  • c – the echo character to display
See Also:
/** * Sets the echo character for this <code>JPasswordField</code>. * Note that this is largely a suggestion, since the * view that gets installed can use whatever graphic techniques * it desires to represent the field. Setting a value of 0 indicates * that you wish to see the text as it is typed, similar to * the behavior of a standard <code>JTextField</code>. * * @param c the echo character to display * @see #echoCharIsSet * @see #getEchoChar */
@BeanProperty(bound = false, visualUpdate = true, description = "character to display in place of the real characters") public void setEchoChar(char c) { echoChar = c; echoCharSet = true; repaint(); revalidate(); }
Returns true if this JPasswordField has a character set for echoing. A character is considered to be set if the echo character is not 0.
See Also:
Returns:true if a character is set for echoing
/** * Returns true if this <code>JPasswordField</code> has a character * set for echoing. A character is considered to be set if the echo * character is not 0. * * @return true if a character is set for echoing * @see #setEchoChar * @see #getEchoChar */
public boolean echoCharIsSet() { return echoChar != 0; } // --- JTextComponent methods ----------------------------------
Invokes provideErrorFeedback on the current look and feel, which typically initiates an error beep. The normal behavior of transferring the currently selected range in the associated text model to the system clipboard, and removing the contents from the model, is not acceptable for a password field.
/** * Invokes <code>provideErrorFeedback</code> on the current * look and feel, which typically initiates an error beep. * The normal behavior of transferring the * currently selected range in the associated text model * to the system clipboard, and removing the contents from * the model, is not acceptable for a password field. */
public void cut() { if (getClientProperty("JPasswordField.cutCopyAllowed") != Boolean.TRUE) { UIManager.getLookAndFeel().provideErrorFeedback(this); } else { super.cut(); } }
Invokes provideErrorFeedback on the current look and feel, which typically initiates an error beep. The normal behavior of transferring the currently selected range in the associated text model to the system clipboard, and leaving the contents from the model, is not acceptable for a password field.
/** * Invokes <code>provideErrorFeedback</code> on the current * look and feel, which typically initiates an error beep. * The normal behavior of transferring the * currently selected range in the associated text model * to the system clipboard, and leaving the contents from * the model, is not acceptable for a password field. */
public void copy() { if (getClientProperty("JPasswordField.cutCopyAllowed") != Boolean.TRUE) { UIManager.getLookAndFeel().provideErrorFeedback(this); } else { super.copy(); } }
Returns the text contained in this TextComponent. If the underlying document is null, will give a NullPointerException.

For security reasons, this method is deprecated. Use the * getPassword method instead.

Deprecated:As of Java 2 platform v1.2, replaced by getPassword.
Returns:the text
/** * Returns the text contained in this <code>TextComponent</code>. * If the underlying document is <code>null</code>, will give a * <code>NullPointerException</code>. * <p> * For security reasons, this method is deprecated. Use the <code>* getPassword</code> method instead. * @deprecated As of Java 2 platform v1.2, * replaced by <code>getPassword</code>. * @return the text */
@Deprecated public String getText() { return super.getText(); }
Fetches a portion of the text represented by the component. Returns an empty string if length is 0.

For security reasons, this method is deprecated. Use the getPassword method instead.

Params:
  • offs – the offset >= 0
  • len – the length >= 0
Throws:
Deprecated:As of Java 2 platform v1.2, replaced by getPassword.
Returns:the text
/** * Fetches a portion of the text represented by the * component. Returns an empty string if length is 0. * <p> * For security reasons, this method is deprecated. Use the * <code>getPassword</code> method instead. * @deprecated As of Java 2 platform v1.2, * replaced by <code>getPassword</code>. * @param offs the offset &gt;= 0 * @param len the length &gt;= 0 * @return the text * @exception BadLocationException if the offset or length are invalid */
@Deprecated public String getText(int offs, int len) throws BadLocationException { return super.getText(offs, len); }
Returns the text contained in this TextComponent. If the underlying document is null, will give a NullPointerException. For stronger security, it is recommended that the returned character array be cleared after use by setting each character to zero.
Returns:the text
/** * Returns the text contained in this <code>TextComponent</code>. * If the underlying document is <code>null</code>, will give a * <code>NullPointerException</code>. For stronger * security, it is recommended that the returned character array be * cleared after use by setting each character to zero. * * @return the text */
@BeanProperty(bound = false) public char[] getPassword() { Document doc = getDocument(); Segment txt = new Segment(); try { doc.getText(0, doc.getLength(), txt); // use the non-String API } catch (BadLocationException e) { return null; } char[] retValue = new char[txt.count]; System.arraycopy(txt.array, txt.offset, retValue, 0, txt.count); return retValue; }
See readObject() and writeObject() in JComponent for more information about serialization in Swing.
/** * See readObject() and writeObject() in JComponent for more * information about serialization in Swing. */
private void writeObject(ObjectOutputStream s) throws IOException { s.defaultWriteObject(); if (getUIClassID().equals(uiClassID)) { byte count = JComponent.getWriteObjCounter(this); JComponent.setWriteObjCounter(this, --count); if (count == 0 && ui != null) { ui.installUI(this); } } } // --- variables -----------------------------------------------
See Also:
/** * @see #getUIClassID * @see #readObject */
private static final String uiClassID = "PasswordFieldUI"; private char echoChar; private boolean echoCharSet = false;
Returns a string representation of this JPasswordField. This method is intended to be used only for debugging purposes, and the content and format of the returned string may vary between implementations. The returned string may be empty but may not be null.
Returns: a string representation of this JPasswordField
/** * Returns a string representation of this <code>JPasswordField</code>. * This method is intended to be used only for debugging purposes, and the * content and format of the returned string may vary between * implementations. The returned string may be empty but may not * be <code>null</code>. * * @return a string representation of this <code>JPasswordField</code> */
protected String paramString() { return super.paramString() + ",echoChar=" + echoChar; }
This method is a hack to get around the fact that we cannot directly override setUIProperty because part of the inheritance hierarchy goes outside of the javax.swing package, and therefore calling a package private method isn't allowed. This method should return true if the property was handled, and false otherwise.
/** * This method is a hack to get around the fact that we cannot * directly override setUIProperty because part of the inheritance hierarchy * goes outside of the javax.swing package, and therefore calling a package * private method isn't allowed. This method should return true if the property * was handled, and false otherwise. */
boolean customSetUIProperty(String propertyName, Object value) { if (propertyName == "echoChar") { if (!echoCharSet) { setEchoChar((Character)value); echoCharSet = false; } return true; } return false; } ///////////////// // Accessibility support ////////////////
Returns the AccessibleContext associated with this JPasswordField. For password fields, the AccessibleContext takes the form of an AccessibleJPasswordField. A new AccessibleJPasswordField instance is created if necessary.
Returns:an AccessibleJPasswordField that serves as the AccessibleContext of this JPasswordField
/** * Returns the <code>AccessibleContext</code> associated with this * <code>JPasswordField</code>. For password fields, the * <code>AccessibleContext</code> takes the form of an * <code>AccessibleJPasswordField</code>. * A new <code>AccessibleJPasswordField</code> instance is created * if necessary. * * @return an <code>AccessibleJPasswordField</code> that serves as the * <code>AccessibleContext</code> of this * <code>JPasswordField</code> */
@BeanProperty(bound = false) public AccessibleContext getAccessibleContext() { if (accessibleContext == null) { accessibleContext = new AccessibleJPasswordField(); } return accessibleContext; }
This class implements accessibility support for the JPasswordField class. It provides an implementation of the Java Accessibility API appropriate to password field user-interface elements.

Warning: Serialized objects of this class will not be compatible with future Swing releases. The current serialization support is appropriate for short term storage or RMI between applications running the same version of Swing. As of 1.4, support for long term storage of all JavaBeans™ has been added to the java.beans package. Please see XMLEncoder.

/** * This class implements accessibility support for the * <code>JPasswordField</code> class. It provides an implementation of the * Java Accessibility API appropriate to password field user-interface * elements. * <p> * <strong>Warning:</strong> * Serialized objects of this class will not be compatible with * future Swing releases. The current serialization support is * appropriate for short term storage or RMI between applications running * the same version of Swing. As of 1.4, support for long term storage * of all JavaBeans&trade; * has been added to the <code>java.beans</code> package. * Please see {@link java.beans.XMLEncoder}. */
protected class AccessibleJPasswordField extends AccessibleJTextField {
Gets the role of this object.
See Also:
Returns:an instance of AccessibleRole describing the role of the object (AccessibleRole.PASSWORD_TEXT)
/** * Gets the role of this object. * * @return an instance of AccessibleRole describing the role of the * object (AccessibleRole.PASSWORD_TEXT) * @see AccessibleRole */
public AccessibleRole getAccessibleRole() { return AccessibleRole.PASSWORD_TEXT; }
Gets the AccessibleText for the JPasswordField. The returned object also implements the AccessibleExtendedText interface.
See Also:
Returns:AccessibleText for the JPasswordField
Since:1.6
/** * Gets the <code>AccessibleText</code> for the <code>JPasswordField</code>. * The returned object also implements the * <code>AccessibleExtendedText</code> interface. * * @return <code>AccessibleText</code> for the JPasswordField * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleContext * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleContext#getAccessibleText * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleExtendedText * * @since 1.6 */
public AccessibleText getAccessibleText() { return this; } /* * Returns a String filled with password echo characters. The String * contains one echo character for each character (including whitespace) * that the user entered in the JPasswordField. */ private String getEchoString(String str) { if (str == null) { return null; } char[] buffer = new char[str.length()]; Arrays.fill(buffer, getEchoChar()); return new String(buffer); }
Returns the String at a given index.
Params:
  • part – the CHARACTER, WORD or SENTENCE to retrieve
  • index – an index within the text
See Also:
Returns:a String if part and index are valid. Otherwise, null is returned
Since:1.6
/** * Returns the <code>String</code> at a given <code>index</code>. * * @param part the <code>CHARACTER</code>, <code>WORD</code> or * <code>SENTENCE</code> to retrieve * @param index an index within the text * @return a <code>String</code> if <code>part</code> and * <code>index</code> are valid. * Otherwise, <code>null</code> is returned * * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#CHARACTER * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#WORD * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#SENTENCE * * @since 1.6 */
public String getAtIndex(int part, int index) { String str = null; if (part == AccessibleText.CHARACTER) { str = super.getAtIndex(part, index); } else { // Treat the text displayed in the JPasswordField // as one word and sentence. char[] password = getPassword(); if (password == null || index < 0 || index >= password.length) { return null; } str = new String(password); } return getEchoString(str); }
Returns the String after a given index.
Params:
  • part – the CHARACTER, WORD or SENTENCE to retrieve
  • index – an index within the text
See Also:
Returns:a String if part and index are valid. Otherwise, null is returned
Since:1.6
/** * Returns the <code>String</code> after a given <code>index</code>. * * @param part the <code>CHARACTER</code>, <code>WORD</code> or * <code>SENTENCE</code> to retrieve * @param index an index within the text * @return a <code>String</code> if <code>part</code> and * <code>index</code> are valid. * Otherwise, <code>null</code> is returned * * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#CHARACTER * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#WORD * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#SENTENCE * * @since 1.6 */
public String getAfterIndex(int part, int index) { if (part == AccessibleText.CHARACTER) { String str = super.getAfterIndex(part, index); return getEchoString(str); } else { // There is no word or sentence after the text // displayed in the JPasswordField. return null; } }
Returns the String before a given index.
Params:
  • part – the CHARACTER, WORD or SENTENCE to retrieve
  • index – an index within the text
See Also:
Returns:a String if part and index are valid. Otherwise, null is returned
Since:1.6
/** * Returns the <code>String</code> before a given <code>index</code>. * * @param part the <code>CHARACTER</code>, <code>WORD</code> or * <code>SENTENCE</code> to retrieve * @param index an index within the text * @return a <code>String</code> if <code>part</code> and * <code>index</code> are valid. * Otherwise, <code>null</code> is returned * * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#CHARACTER * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#WORD * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#SENTENCE * * @since 1.6 */
public String getBeforeIndex(int part, int index) { if (part == AccessibleText.CHARACTER) { String str = super.getBeforeIndex(part, index); return getEchoString(str); } else { // There is no word or sentence before the text // displayed in the JPasswordField. return null; } }
Returns the text between two indices.
Params:
  • startIndex – the start index in the text
  • endIndex – the end index in the text
Returns:the text string if the indices are valid. Otherwise, null is returned
Since:1.6
/** * Returns the text between two <code>indices</code>. * * @param startIndex the start index in the text * @param endIndex the end index in the text * @return the text string if the indices are valid. * Otherwise, <code>null</code> is returned * * @since 1.6 */
public String getTextRange(int startIndex, int endIndex) { String str = super.getTextRange(startIndex, endIndex); return getEchoString(str); }
Returns the AccessibleTextSequence at a given index.
Params:
  • part – the CHARACTER, WORD, SENTENCE, LINE or ATTRIBUTE_RUN to retrieve
  • index – an index within the text
See Also:
Returns:an AccessibleTextSequence specifying the text if part and index are valid. Otherwise, null is returned
Since:1.6
/** * Returns the <code>AccessibleTextSequence</code> at a given * <code>index</code>. * * @param part the <code>CHARACTER</code>, <code>WORD</code>, * <code>SENTENCE</code>, <code>LINE</code> or <code>ATTRIBUTE_RUN</code> to * retrieve * @param index an index within the text * @return an <code>AccessibleTextSequence</code> specifying the text if * <code>part</code> and <code>index</code> are valid. Otherwise, * <code>null</code> is returned * * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#CHARACTER * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#WORD * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#SENTENCE * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleExtendedText#LINE * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleExtendedText#ATTRIBUTE_RUN * * @since 1.6 */
public AccessibleTextSequence getTextSequenceAt(int part, int index) { if (part == AccessibleText.CHARACTER) { AccessibleTextSequence seq = super.getTextSequenceAt(part, index); if (seq == null) { return null; } return new AccessibleTextSequence(seq.startIndex, seq.endIndex, getEchoString(seq.text)); } else { // Treat the text displayed in the JPasswordField // as one word, sentence, line and attribute run char[] password = getPassword(); if (password == null || index < 0 || index >= password.length) { return null; } String text = new String(password); return new AccessibleTextSequence(0, password.length - 1, getEchoString(text)); } }
Returns the AccessibleTextSequence after a given index.
Params:
  • part – the CHARACTER, WORD, SENTENCE, LINE or ATTRIBUTE_RUN to retrieve
  • index – an index within the text
See Also:
Returns:an AccessibleTextSequence specifying the text if part and index are valid. Otherwise, null is returned
Since:1.6
/** * Returns the <code>AccessibleTextSequence</code> after a given * <code>index</code>. * * @param part the <code>CHARACTER</code>, <code>WORD</code>, * <code>SENTENCE</code>, <code>LINE</code> or <code>ATTRIBUTE_RUN</code> to * retrieve * @param index an index within the text * @return an <code>AccessibleTextSequence</code> specifying the text if * <code>part</code> and <code>index</code> are valid. Otherwise, * <code>null</code> is returned * * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#CHARACTER * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#WORD * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#SENTENCE * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleExtendedText#LINE * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleExtendedText#ATTRIBUTE_RUN * * @since 1.6 */
public AccessibleTextSequence getTextSequenceAfter(int part, int index) { if (part == AccessibleText.CHARACTER) { AccessibleTextSequence seq = super.getTextSequenceAfter(part, index); if (seq == null) { return null; } return new AccessibleTextSequence(seq.startIndex, seq.endIndex, getEchoString(seq.text)); } else { // There is no word, sentence, line or attribute run // after the text displayed in the JPasswordField. return null; } }
Returns the AccessibleTextSequence before a given index.
Params:
  • part – the CHARACTER, WORD, SENTENCE, LINE or ATTRIBUTE_RUN to retrieve
  • index – an index within the text
See Also:
Returns:an AccessibleTextSequence specifying the text if part and index are valid. Otherwise, null is returned
Since:1.6
/** * Returns the <code>AccessibleTextSequence</code> before a given * <code>index</code>. * * @param part the <code>CHARACTER</code>, <code>WORD</code>, * <code>SENTENCE</code>, <code>LINE</code> or <code>ATTRIBUTE_RUN</code> to * retrieve * @param index an index within the text * @return an <code>AccessibleTextSequence</code> specifying the text if * <code>part</code> and <code>index</code> are valid. Otherwise, * <code>null</code> is returned * * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#CHARACTER * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#WORD * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleText#SENTENCE * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleExtendedText#LINE * @see javax.accessibility.AccessibleExtendedText#ATTRIBUTE_RUN * * @since 1.6 */
public AccessibleTextSequence getTextSequenceBefore(int part, int index) { if (part == AccessibleText.CHARACTER) { AccessibleTextSequence seq = super.getTextSequenceBefore(part, index); if (seq == null) { return null; } return new AccessibleTextSequence(seq.startIndex, seq.endIndex, getEchoString(seq.text)); } else { // There is no word, sentence, line or attribute run // before the text displayed in the JPasswordField. return null; } } } }