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package javax.sql.rowset.spi;

import javax.sql.*;

The synchronization mechanism that provides reader/writer capabilities for disconnected RowSet objects. A SyncProvider implementation is a class that extends the SyncProvider abstract class.

A SyncProvider implementation is identified by a unique ID, which is its fully qualified class name. This name must be registered with the SyncFactory SPI, thus making the implementation available to all RowSet implementations. The factory mechanism in the reference implementation uses this name to instantiate the implementation, which can then provide a RowSet object with its reader (a javax.sql.RowSetReader object) and its writer (a javax.sql.RowSetWriter object).

The Jdbc RowSet Implementations specification provides two reference implementations of the SyncProvider abstract class: RIOptimisticProvider and RIXMLProvider. The RIOptimisticProvider can set any RowSet implementation with a RowSetReader object and a RowSetWriter object. However, only the RIXMLProvider implementation can set an XmlReader object and an XmlWriter object. A WebRowSet object uses the XmlReader object to read data in XML format to populate itself with that data. It uses the XmlWriter object to write itself to a stream or java.io.Writer object in XML format.

1.0 Naming Convention for Implementations

As a guide to naming SyncProvider implementations, the following should be noted:
  • The name for a SyncProvider implementation is its fully qualified class name.
  • It is recommended that vendors supply a SyncProvider implementation in a package named providers.

For instance, if a vendor named Fred, Inc. offered a SyncProvider implementation, you could have the following:

    Vendor name:  Fred, Inc.
    Domain name of vendor:  com.fred
    Package name:  com.fred.providers
    SyncProvider implementation class name:  HighAvailabilityProvider
    Fully qualified class name of SyncProvider implementation:
                       com.fred.providers.HighAvailabilityProvider

The following line of code uses the fully qualified name to register this implementation with the SyncFactory static instance.

    SyncFactory.registerProvider(
                         "com.fred.providers.HighAvailabilityProvider");

The default SyncProvider object provided with the reference implementation uses the following name:

    com.sun.rowset.providers.RIOptimisticProvider

A vendor can register a SyncProvider implementation class name with Oracle Corporation by sending email to jdbc@sun.com. Oracle will maintain a database listing the available SyncProvider implementations for use with compliant RowSet implementations. This database will be similar to the one already maintained to list available JDBC drivers.

Vendors should refer to the reference implementation synchronization providers for additional guidance on how to implement a new SyncProvider implementation.

2.0 How a RowSet Object Gets Its Provider

A disconnected Rowset object may get access to a SyncProvider object in one of the following two ways:
  • Using a constructor
          CachedRowSet crs = new CachedRowSet(
                     "com.fred.providers.HighAvailabilitySyncProvider");
         
  • Using the setSyncProvider method
          CachedRowSet crs = new CachedRowSet();
          crs.setSyncProvider("com.fred.providers.HighAvailabilitySyncProvider");
         

By default, the reference implementations of the RowSet synchronization providers are always available to the Java platform. If no other pluggable synchronization providers have been correctly registered, the SyncFactory will automatically generate an instance of the default SyncProvider reference implementation. Thus, in the preceding code fragment, if no implementation named com.fred.providers.HighAvailabilitySyncProvider has been registered with the SyncFactory instance, crs will be assigned the default provider in the reference implementation, which is com.sun.rowset.providers.RIOptimisticProvider.

3.0 Violations and Synchronization Issues

If an update between a disconnected RowSet object and a data source violates the original query or the underlying data source constraints, this will result in undefined behavior for all disconnected RowSet implementations and their designated SyncProvider implementations. Not defining the behavior when such violations occur offers greater flexibility for a SyncProvider implementation to determine its own best course of action.

A SyncProvider implementation may choose to implement a specific handler to handle a subset of query violations. However if an original query violation or a more general data source constraint violation is not handled by the SyncProvider implementation, all SyncProvider objects must throw a SyncProviderException.

4.0 Updatable SQL VIEWs

It is possible for any disconnected or connected RowSet object to be populated from an SQL query that is formulated originally from an SQL VIEW. While in many cases it is possible for an update to be performed to an underlying view, such an update requires additional metadata, which may vary. The SyncProvider class provides two constants to indicate whether an implementation supports updating an SQL VIEW.
  • NONUPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC - Indicates that a SyncProvider implementation does not support synchronization with an SQL VIEW as the underlying source of data for the RowSet object.
  • UPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC - Indicates that a SyncProvider implementation supports synchronization with an SQL VIEW as the underlying source of data.

The default is for a RowSet object not to be updatable if it was populated with data from an SQL VIEW.

5.0 SyncProvider Constants

The SyncProvider class provides three sets of constants that are used as return values or parameters for SyncProvider methods. SyncProvider objects may be implemented to perform synchronization between a RowSet object and its underlying data source with varying degrees of care. The first group of constants indicate how synchronization is handled. For example, GRADE_NONE indicates that a SyncProvider object will not take any care to see what data is valid and will simply write the RowSet data to the data source. GRADE_MODIFIED_AT_COMMIT indicates that the provider will check only modified data for validity. Other grades check all data for validity or set locks when data is modified or loaded.
  1. Constants to indicate the synchronization grade of a SyncProvider object
    • SyncProvider.GRADE_NONE
    • SyncProvider.GRADE_MODIFIED_AT_COMMIT
    • SyncProvider.GRADE_CHECK_ALL_AT_COMMIT
    • SyncProvider.GRADE_LOCK_WHEN_MODIFIED
    • SyncProvider.GRADE_LOCK_WHEN_LOADED
  2. Constants to indicate what locks are set on the data source
    • SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_NO_LOCK
    • SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_ROW_LOCK
    • SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_TABLE_LOCK
    • SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_DB_LOCK
  3. Constants to indicate whether a SyncProvider object can perform updates to an SQL VIEW
    These constants are explained in the preceding section (4.0).
    • SyncProvider.UPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC
    • SyncProvider.NONUPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC
Author:Jonathan Bruce
See Also:
Since:1.5
/** * The synchronization mechanism that provides reader/writer capabilities for * disconnected <code>RowSet</code> objects. * A <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation is a class that extends the * <code>SyncProvider</code> abstract class. * <P> * A <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation is * identified by a unique ID, which is its fully qualified class name. * This name must be registered with the * <code>SyncFactory</code> SPI, thus making the implementation available to * all <code>RowSet</code> implementations. * The factory mechanism in the reference implementation uses this name to instantiate * the implementation, which can then provide a <code>RowSet</code> object with its * reader (a <code>javax.sql.RowSetReader</code> object) and its writer (a * <code>javax.sql.RowSetWriter</code> object). * <P> * The Jdbc <code>RowSet</code> Implementations specification provides two * reference implementations of the <code>SyncProvider</code> abstract class: * <code>RIOptimisticProvider</code> and <code>RIXMLProvider</code>. * The <code>RIOptimisticProvider</code> can set any <code>RowSet</code> * implementation with a <code>RowSetReader</code> object and a * <code>RowSetWriter</code> object. However, only the <code>RIXMLProvider</code> * implementation can set an <code>XmlReader</code> object and an * <code>XmlWriter</code> object. A <code>WebRowSet</code> object uses the * <code>XmlReader</code> object to read data in XML format to populate itself with that * data. It uses the <code>XmlWriter</code> object to write itself to a stream or * <code>java.io.Writer</code> object in XML format. * * <h3>1.0 Naming Convention for Implementations</h3> * As a guide to naming <code>SyncProvider</code> * implementations, the following should be noted: * <UL> * <li>The name for a <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation * is its fully qualified class name. * <li>It is recommended that vendors supply a * <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation in a package named <code>providers</code>. * </UL> * <p> * For instance, if a vendor named Fred, Inc. offered a * <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation, you could have the following: * <PRE> * Vendor name: Fred, Inc. * Domain name of vendor: com.fred * Package name: com.fred.providers * SyncProvider implementation class name: HighAvailabilityProvider * * Fully qualified class name of SyncProvider implementation: * com.fred.providers.HighAvailabilityProvider * </PRE> * <P> * The following line of code uses the fully qualified name to register * this implementation with the <code>SyncFactory</code> static instance. * <PRE> * SyncFactory.registerProvider( * "com.fred.providers.HighAvailabilityProvider"); * </PRE> * <P> * The default <code>SyncProvider</code> object provided with the reference * implementation uses the following name: * <pre> * com.sun.rowset.providers.RIOptimisticProvider * </pre> * <p> * A vendor can register a <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation class name * with Oracle Corporation by sending email to jdbc@sun.com. * Oracle will maintain a database listing the * available <code>SyncProvider</code> implementations for use with compliant * <code>RowSet</code> implementations. This database will be similar to the * one already maintained to list available JDBC drivers. * <P> * Vendors should refer to the reference implementation synchronization * providers for additional guidance on how to implement a new * <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation. * * <h3>2.0 How a <code>RowSet</code> Object Gets Its Provider</h3> * * A disconnected <code>Rowset</code> object may get access to a * <code>SyncProvider</code> object in one of the following two ways: * <UL> * <LI>Using a constructor<BR> * <PRE> * CachedRowSet crs = new CachedRowSet( * "com.fred.providers.HighAvailabilitySyncProvider"); * </PRE> * <LI>Using the <code>setSyncProvider</code> method * <PRE> * CachedRowSet crs = new CachedRowSet(); * crs.setSyncProvider("com.fred.providers.HighAvailabilitySyncProvider"); * </PRE> * </UL> * <p> * By default, the reference implementations of the <code>RowSet</code> synchronization * providers are always available to the Java platform. * If no other pluggable synchronization providers have been correctly * registered, the <code>SyncFactory</code> will automatically generate * an instance of the default <code>SyncProvider</code> reference implementation. * Thus, in the preceding code fragment, if no implementation named * <code>com.fred.providers.HighAvailabilitySyncProvider</code> has been * registered with the <code>SyncFactory</code> instance, <i>crs</i> will be * assigned the default provider in the reference implementation, which is * <code>com.sun.rowset.providers.RIOptimisticProvider</code>. * * <h3>3.0 Violations and Synchronization Issues</h3> * If an update between a disconnected <code>RowSet</code> object * and a data source violates * the original query or the underlying data source constraints, this will * result in undefined behavior for all disconnected <code>RowSet</code> implementations * and their designated <code>SyncProvider</code> implementations. * Not defining the behavior when such violations occur offers greater flexibility * for a <code>SyncProvider</code> * implementation to determine its own best course of action. * <p> * A <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation * may choose to implement a specific handler to * handle a subset of query violations. * However if an original query violation or a more general data source constraint * violation is not handled by the <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation, * all <code>SyncProvider</code> * objects must throw a <code>SyncProviderException</code>. * * <h3>4.0 Updatable SQL VIEWs</h3> * It is possible for any disconnected or connected <code>RowSet</code> object to be populated * from an SQL query that is formulated originally from an SQL <code>VIEW</code>. * While in many cases it is possible for an update to be performed to an * underlying view, such an update requires additional metadata, which may vary. * The <code>SyncProvider</code> class provides two constants to indicate whether * an implementation supports updating an SQL <code>VIEW</code>. * <ul> * <li><code><b>NONUPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC</b></code> - Indicates that a <code>SyncProvider</code> * implementation does not support synchronization with an SQL <code>VIEW</code> as the * underlying source of data for the <code>RowSet</code> object. * <li><code><b>UPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC</b></code> - Indicates that a * <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation * supports synchronization with an SQL <code>VIEW</code> as the underlying source * of data. * </ul> * <P> * The default is for a <code>RowSet</code> object not to be updatable if it was * populated with data from an SQL <code>VIEW</code>. * * <h3>5.0 <code>SyncProvider</code> Constants</h3> * The <code>SyncProvider</code> class provides three sets of constants that * are used as return values or parameters for <code>SyncProvider</code> methods. * <code>SyncProvider</code> objects may be implemented to perform synchronization * between a <code>RowSet</code> object and its underlying data source with varying * degrees of care. The first group of constants indicate how synchronization * is handled. For example, <code>GRADE_NONE</code> indicates that a * <code>SyncProvider</code> object will not take any care to see what data is * valid and will simply write the <code>RowSet</code> data to the data source. * <code>GRADE_MODIFIED_AT_COMMIT</code> indicates that the provider will check * only modified data for validity. Other grades check all data for validity * or set locks when data is modified or loaded. * <OL> * <LI>Constants to indicate the synchronization grade of a * <code>SyncProvider</code> object * <UL> * <LI>SyncProvider.GRADE_NONE * <LI>SyncProvider.GRADE_MODIFIED_AT_COMMIT * <LI>SyncProvider.GRADE_CHECK_ALL_AT_COMMIT * <LI>SyncProvider.GRADE_LOCK_WHEN_MODIFIED * <LI>SyncProvider.GRADE_LOCK_WHEN_LOADED * </UL> * <LI>Constants to indicate what locks are set on the data source * <UL> * <LI>SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_NO_LOCK * <LI>SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_ROW_LOCK * <LI>SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_TABLE_LOCK * <LI>SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_DB_LOCK * </UL> * <LI>Constants to indicate whether a <code>SyncProvider</code> object can * perform updates to an SQL <code>VIEW</code> <BR> * These constants are explained in the preceding section (4.0). * <UL> * <LI>SyncProvider.UPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC * <LI>SyncProvider.NONUPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC * </UL> * </OL> * * @author Jonathan Bruce * @see javax.sql.rowset.spi.SyncFactory * @see javax.sql.rowset.spi.SyncFactoryException * @since 1.5 */
public abstract class SyncProvider {
Creates a default SyncProvider object.
/** * Creates a default <code>SyncProvider</code> object. */
public SyncProvider() { }
Returns the unique identifier for this SyncProvider object.
Returns:a String object with the fully qualified class name of this SyncProvider object
/** * Returns the unique identifier for this <code>SyncProvider</code> object. * * @return a <code>String</code> object with the fully qualified class name of * this <code>SyncProvider</code> object */
public abstract String getProviderID();
Returns a javax.sql.RowSetReader object, which can be used to populate a RowSet object with data.
Returns:a javax.sql.RowSetReader object
/** * Returns a <code>javax.sql.RowSetReader</code> object, which can be used to * populate a <code>RowSet</code> object with data. * * @return a <code>javax.sql.RowSetReader</code> object */
public abstract RowSetReader getRowSetReader();
Returns a javax.sql.RowSetWriter object, which can be used to write a RowSet object's data back to the underlying data source.
Returns:a javax.sql.RowSetWriter object
/** * Returns a <code>javax.sql.RowSetWriter</code> object, which can be * used to write a <code>RowSet</code> object's data back to the * underlying data source. * * @return a <code>javax.sql.RowSetWriter</code> object */
public abstract RowSetWriter getRowSetWriter();
Returns a constant indicating the grade of synchronization a RowSet object can expect from this SyncProvider object.
Returns:an int that is one of the following constants: SyncProvider.GRADE_NONE, SyncProvider.GRADE_CHECK_MODIFIED_AT_COMMIT, SyncProvider.GRADE_CHECK_ALL_AT_COMMIT, SyncProvider.GRADE_LOCK_WHEN_MODIFIED, SyncProvider.GRADE_LOCK_WHEN_LOADED
/** * Returns a constant indicating the * grade of synchronization a <code>RowSet</code> object can expect from * this <code>SyncProvider</code> object. * * @return an int that is one of the following constants: * SyncProvider.GRADE_NONE, * SyncProvider.GRADE_CHECK_MODIFIED_AT_COMMIT, * SyncProvider.GRADE_CHECK_ALL_AT_COMMIT, * SyncProvider.GRADE_LOCK_WHEN_MODIFIED, * SyncProvider.GRADE_LOCK_WHEN_LOADED */
public abstract int getProviderGrade();
Sets a lock on the underlying data source at the level indicated by datasource_lock. This should cause the SyncProvider to adjust its behavior by increasing or decreasing the level of optimism it provides for a successful synchronization.
Params:
  • datasource_lock – one of the following constants indicating the severity level of data source lock required:
              SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_NO_LOCK,
              SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_ROW_LOCK,
              SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_TABLE_LOCK,
              SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_DB_LOCK,
    
Throws:
See Also:
/** * Sets a lock on the underlying data source at the level indicated by * <i>datasource_lock</i>. This should cause the * <code>SyncProvider</code> to adjust its behavior by increasing or * decreasing the level of optimism it provides for a successful * synchronization. * * @param datasource_lock one of the following constants indicating the severity * level of data source lock required: * <pre> * SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_NO_LOCK, * SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_ROW_LOCK, * SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_TABLE_LOCK, * SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_DB_LOCK, * </pre> * @throws SyncProviderException if an unsupported data source locking level * is set. * @see #getDataSourceLock */
public abstract void setDataSourceLock(int datasource_lock) throws SyncProviderException;
Returns the current data source lock severity level active in this SyncProvider implementation.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:a constant indicating the current level of data source lock active in this SyncProvider object; one of the following:
          SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_NO_LOCK,
          SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_ROW_LOCK,
          SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_TABLE_LOCK,
          SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_DB_LOCK
/** * Returns the current data source lock severity level active in this * <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation. * * @return a constant indicating the current level of data source lock * active in this <code>SyncProvider</code> object; * one of the following: * <pre> * SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_NO_LOCK, * SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_ROW_LOCK, * SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_TABLE_LOCK, * SyncProvider.DATASOURCE_DB_LOCK * </pre> * @throws SyncProviderException if an error occurs determining the data * source locking level. * @see #setDataSourceLock */
public abstract int getDataSourceLock() throws SyncProviderException;
Returns whether this SyncProvider implementation can perform synchronization between a RowSet object and the SQL VIEW in the data source from which the RowSet object got its data.
Returns:an int saying whether this SyncProvider object supports updating an SQL VIEW; one of the following: SyncProvider.UPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC, SyncProvider.NONUPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC
/** * Returns whether this <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation * can perform synchronization between a <code>RowSet</code> object * and the SQL <code>VIEW</code> in the data source from which * the <code>RowSet</code> object got its data. * * @return an <code>int</code> saying whether this <code>SyncProvider</code> * object supports updating an SQL <code>VIEW</code>; one of the * following: * SyncProvider.UPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC, * SyncProvider.NONUPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC */
public abstract int supportsUpdatableView();
Returns the release version of this SyncProvider instance.
Returns:a String detailing the release version of the SyncProvider implementation
/** * Returns the release version of this <code>SyncProvider</code> instance. * * @return a <code>String</code> detailing the release version of the * <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation */
public abstract String getVersion();
Returns the vendor name of this SyncProvider instance
Returns:a String detailing the vendor name of this SyncProvider implementation
/** * Returns the vendor name of this <code>SyncProvider</code> instance * * @return a <code>String</code> detailing the vendor name of this * <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation */
public abstract String getVendor(); /* * Standard description of synchronization grades that a SyncProvider * could provide. */
Indicates that no synchronization with the originating data source is provided. A SyncProvider implementation returning this grade will simply attempt to write updates in the RowSet object to the underlying data source without checking the validity of any data.
/** * Indicates that no synchronization with the originating data source is * provided. A <code>SyncProvider</code> * implementation returning this grade will simply attempt to write * updates in the <code>RowSet</code> object to the underlying data * source without checking the validity of any data. * */
public static final int GRADE_NONE = 1;
Indicates a low level optimistic synchronization grade with respect to the originating data source. A SyncProvider implementation returning this grade will check only rows that have changed.
/** * Indicates a low level optimistic synchronization grade with * respect to the originating data source. * * A <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation * returning this grade will check only rows that have changed. * */
public static final int GRADE_CHECK_MODIFIED_AT_COMMIT = 2;
Indicates a high level optimistic synchronization grade with respect to the originating data source. A SyncProvider implementation returning this grade will check all rows, including rows that have not changed.
/** * Indicates a high level optimistic synchronization grade with * respect to the originating data source. * * A <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation * returning this grade will check all rows, including rows that have not * changed. */
public static final int GRADE_CHECK_ALL_AT_COMMIT = 3;
Indicates a pessimistic synchronization grade with respect to the originating data source. A SyncProvider implementation returning this grade will lock the row in the originating data source.
/** * Indicates a pessimistic synchronization grade with * respect to the originating data source. * * A <code>SyncProvider</code> * implementation returning this grade will lock the row in the originating * data source. */
public static final int GRADE_LOCK_WHEN_MODIFIED = 4;
Indicates the most pessimistic synchronization grade with respect to the originating data source. A SyncProvider implementation returning this grade will lock the entire view and/or table affected by the original statement used to populate a RowSet object.
/** * Indicates the most pessimistic synchronization grade with * respect to the originating * data source. A <code>SyncProvider</code> * implementation returning this grade will lock the entire view and/or * table affected by the original statement used to populate a * <code>RowSet</code> object. */
public static final int GRADE_LOCK_WHEN_LOADED = 5;
Indicates that no locks remain on the originating data source. This is the default lock setting for all SyncProvider implementations unless otherwise directed by a RowSet object.
/** * Indicates that no locks remain on the originating data source. This is the default * lock setting for all <code>SyncProvider</code> implementations unless * otherwise directed by a <code>RowSet</code> object. */
public static final int DATASOURCE_NO_LOCK = 1;
Indicates that a lock is placed on the rows that are touched by the original SQL statement used to populate the RowSet object that is using this SyncProvider object.
/** * Indicates that a lock is placed on the rows that are touched by the original * SQL statement used to populate the <code>RowSet</code> object * that is using this <code>SyncProvider</code> object. */
public static final int DATASOURCE_ROW_LOCK = 2;
Indicates that a lock is placed on all tables that are touched by the original SQL statement used to populate the RowSet object that is using this SyncProvider object.
/** * Indicates that a lock is placed on all tables that are touched by the original * SQL statement used to populate the <code>RowSet</code> object * that is using this <code>SyncProvider</code> object. */
public static final int DATASOURCE_TABLE_LOCK = 3;
Indicates that a lock is placed on the entire data source that is the source of data for the RowSet object that is using this SyncProvider object.
/** * Indicates that a lock is placed on the entire data source that is the source of * data for the <code>RowSet</code> object * that is using this <code>SyncProvider</code> object. */
public static final int DATASOURCE_DB_LOCK = 4;
Indicates that a SyncProvider implementation supports synchronization between a RowSet object and the SQL VIEW used to populate it.
/** * Indicates that a <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation * supports synchronization between a <code>RowSet</code> object and * the SQL <code>VIEW</code> used to populate it. */
public static final int UPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC = 5;
Indicates that a SyncProvider implementation does not support synchronization between a RowSet object and the SQL VIEW used to populate it.
/** * Indicates that a <code>SyncProvider</code> implementation * does <B>not</B> support synchronization between a <code>RowSet</code> * object and the SQL <code>VIEW</code> used to populate it. */
public static final int NONUPDATABLE_VIEW_SYNC = 6; }