https://openjdk.java.net/ 
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 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
 *
 * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it
 * under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 only, as
 * published by the Free Software Foundation.  Oracle designates this
 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
 * by Oracle in the LICENSE file that accompanied this code.
 *
 * This code is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
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 * 2 along with this work; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
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 *
 * Please contact Oracle, 500 Oracle Parkway, Redwood Shores, CA 94065 USA
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package javax.crypto;

import java.util.*;

import java.security.*;
import java.security.Provider.Service;
import java.security.spec.*;

import sun.security.jca.*;
import sun.security.jca.GetInstance.Instance;
import sun.security.util.Debug;


This class provides the functionality of a secret (symmetric) key generator.

Key generators are constructed using one of the getInstance class methods of this class. 
KeyGenerator objects are reusable, i.e., after a key has been
generated, the same KeyGenerator object can be re-used to generate further
keys.

There are two ways to generate a key: in an algorithm-independent
manner, and in an algorithm-specific manner.
The only difference between the two is the initialization of the object:

    

  • Algorithm-Independent Initialization

    All key generators share the concepts of a keysize and a
source of randomness. There is an init method in this KeyGenerator class that takes these two universally shared types of arguments. There is also one that takes just a keysize argument, and uses the SecureRandom implementation of the highest-priority installed provider as the source of randomness (or a system-provided source of randomness if none of the installed providers supply a SecureRandom implementation), and one that takes just a source of randomness. 
    Since no other parameters are specified when you call the above algorithm-independent init methods, it is up to the provider what to do about the algorithm-specific parameters (if any) to be associated with each of the keys. 
  • Algorithm-Specific Initialization

    For situations where a set of algorithm-specific parameters already exists, there are two init methods that have an AlgorithmParameterSpec argument. One also has a SecureRandom argument, while the other uses the SecureRandom implementation of the highest-priority installed provider as the source of randomness (or a system-provided source of randomness if none of the installed providers supply a SecureRandom implementation). 


In case the client does not explicitly initialize the KeyGenerator (via a call to an init method), each provider must supply (and document) a default initialization. See the Keysize Restriction sections of the {@extLink security_guide_jdk_providers JDK Providers} document for information on the KeyGenerator defaults used by JDK providers. However, note that defaults may vary across different providers. Additionally, the default value for a provider may change in a future version. Therefore, it is recommended to explicitly initialize the KeyGenerator instead of relying on provider-specific defaults. 
 Every implementation of the Java platform is required to support the following standard KeyGenerator algorithms with the keysizes in parentheses: 
    

  • AES (128)
    • 

  • DES (56)
    • 

  • DESede (168)
    • 

  • HmacSHA1
    • 

  • HmacSHA256
    • 


These algorithms are described in the 
KeyGenerator section of the
Java Security Standard Algorithm Names Specification.
Consult the release documentation for your implementation to see if any
other algorithms are supported.

Author:Jan Luehe
See Also:
Since:1.4
/**
 * This class provides the functionality of a secret (symmetric) key generator.
 *
 * <p>Key generators are constructed using one of the {@code getInstance}
 * class methods of this class.
 *
 * <p>KeyGenerator objects are reusable, i.e., after a key has been
 * generated, the same KeyGenerator object can be re-used to generate further
 * keys.
 *
 * <p>There are two ways to generate a key: in an algorithm-independent
 * manner, and in an algorithm-specific manner.
 * The only difference between the two is the initialization of the object:
 *
 * <ul>
 * <li><b>Algorithm-Independent Initialization</b>
 * <p>All key generators share the concepts of a <i>keysize</i> and a
 * <i>source of randomness</i>.
 * There is an
 * {@link #init(int, java.security.SecureRandom) init}
 * method in this KeyGenerator class that takes these two universally
 * shared types of arguments. There is also one that takes just a
 * {@code keysize} argument, and uses the SecureRandom implementation
 * of the highest-priority installed provider as the source of randomness
 * (or a system-provided source of randomness if none of the installed
 * providers supply a SecureRandom implementation), and one that takes just a
 * source of randomness.
 *
 * <p>Since no other parameters are specified when you call the above
 * algorithm-independent {@code init} methods, it is up to the
 * provider what to do about the algorithm-specific parameters (if any) to be
 * associated with each of the keys.
 *
 * <li><b>Algorithm-Specific Initialization</b>
 * <p>For situations where a set of algorithm-specific parameters already
 * exists, there are two
 * {@link #init(java.security.spec.AlgorithmParameterSpec) init}
 * methods that have an {@code AlgorithmParameterSpec}
 * argument. One also has a {@code SecureRandom} argument, while the
 * other uses the SecureRandom implementation
 * of the highest-priority installed provider as the source of randomness
 * (or a system-provided source of randomness if none of the installed
 * providers supply a SecureRandom implementation).
 * </ul>
 *
 * <p>In case the client does not explicitly initialize the KeyGenerator
 * (via a call to an {@code init} method), each provider must
 * supply (and document) a default initialization.
 * See the Keysize Restriction sections of the
 * {@extLink security_guide_jdk_providers JDK Providers}
 * document for information on the KeyGenerator defaults used by
 * JDK providers.
 * However, note that defaults may vary across different providers.
 * Additionally, the default value for a provider may change in a future
 * version. Therefore, it is recommended to explicitly initialize the
 * KeyGenerator instead of relying on provider-specific defaults.
 *
 * <p> Every implementation of the Java platform is required to support the
 * following standard {@code KeyGenerator} algorithms with the keysizes in
 * parentheses:
 * <ul>
 * <li>{@code AES} (128)</li>
 * <li>{@code DES} (56)</li>
 * <li>{@code DESede} (168)</li>
 * <li>{@code HmacSHA1}</li>
 * <li>{@code HmacSHA256}</li>
 * </ul>
 * These algorithms are described in the <a href=
 * "{@docRoot}/../specs/security/standard-names.html#keygenerator-algorithms">
 * KeyGenerator section</a> of the
 * Java Security Standard Algorithm Names Specification.
 * Consult the release documentation for your implementation to see if any
 * other algorithms are supported.
 *
 * @author Jan Luehe
 *
 * @see SecretKey
 * @since 1.4
 */

public class KeyGenerator {

    private static final Debug pdebug =
                        Debug.getInstance("provider", "Provider");
    private static final boolean skipDebug =
        Debug.isOn("engine=") && !Debug.isOn("keygenerator");

    // see java.security.KeyPairGenerator for failover notes

    private static final int I_NONE   = 1;
    private static final int I_RANDOM = 2;
    private static final int I_PARAMS = 3;
    private static final int I_SIZE   = 4;

    // The provider
    private Provider provider;

    // The provider implementation (delegate)
    private volatile KeyGeneratorSpi spi;

    // The algorithm
    private final String algorithm;

    private final Object lock = new Object();

    private Iterator<Service> serviceIterator;

    private int initType;
    private int initKeySize;
    private AlgorithmParameterSpec initParams;
    private SecureRandom initRandom;

    
Creates a KeyGenerator object.

Params:
  • keyGenSpi – the delegate
  • provider – the provider
  • algorithm – the algorithm
/**
     * Creates a KeyGenerator object.
     *
     * @param keyGenSpi the delegate
     * @param provider the provider
     * @param algorithm the algorithm
     */
    protected KeyGenerator(KeyGeneratorSpi keyGenSpi, Provider provider,
                           String algorithm) {
        this.spi = keyGenSpi;
        this.provider = provider;
        this.algorithm = algorithm;

        if (!skipDebug && pdebug != null) {
            pdebug.println("KeyGenerator." + algorithm + " algorithm from: " +
                getProviderName());
        }
    }

    private KeyGenerator(String algorithm) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        this.algorithm = algorithm;
        List<Service> list =
                GetInstance.getServices("KeyGenerator", algorithm);
        serviceIterator = list.iterator();
        initType = I_NONE;
        // fetch and instantiate initial spi
        if (nextSpi(null, false) == null) {
            throw new NoSuchAlgorithmException
                (algorithm + " KeyGenerator not available");
        }

        if (!skipDebug && pdebug != null) {
            pdebug.println("KeyGenerator." + algorithm + " algorithm from: " +
                getProviderName());
        }
    }

    private String getProviderName() {
        return (provider == null) ? "(no provider)" : provider.getName();
    }

    
Returns the algorithm name of this KeyGenerator object. 
This is the same name that was specified in one of the getInstance calls that created this KeyGenerator object. 
Returns:the algorithm name of this KeyGenerator object.
/**
     * Returns the algorithm name of this {@code KeyGenerator} object.
     *
     * <p>This is the same name that was specified in one of the
     * {@code getInstance} calls that created this
     * {@code KeyGenerator} object.
     *
     * @return the algorithm name of this {@code KeyGenerator} object.
     */
    public final String getAlgorithm() {
        return this.algorithm;
    }

    
Returns a KeyGenerator object that generates secret keys for the specified algorithm. 
 This method traverses the list of registered security Providers,
starting with the most preferred Provider.
A new KeyGenerator object encapsulating the
KeyGeneratorSpi implementation from the first
Provider that supports the specified algorithm is returned.

 Note that the list of registered providers may be retrieved via the Security.getProviders() method. 
Params:
Throws:
See Also:
Implementation Note: The JDK Reference Implementation additionally uses the jdk.security.provider.preferred Security property to determine the preferred provider order for the specified algorithm. This may be different than the order of providers returned by Security.getProviders().
Returns:the new KeyGenerator object
/**
     * Returns a {@code KeyGenerator} object that generates secret keys
     * for the specified algorithm.
     *
     * <p> This method traverses the list of registered security Providers,
     * starting with the most preferred Provider.
     * A new KeyGenerator object encapsulating the
     * KeyGeneratorSpi implementation from the first
     * Provider that supports the specified algorithm is returned.
     *
     * <p> Note that the list of registered providers may be retrieved via
     * the {@link Security#getProviders() Security.getProviders()} method.
     *
     * @implNote
     * The JDK Reference Implementation additionally uses the
     * {@code jdk.security.provider.preferred}
     * {@link Security#getProperty(String) Security} property to determine
     * the preferred provider order for the specified algorithm. This
     * may be different than the order of providers returned by
     * {@link Security#getProviders() Security.getProviders()}.
     *
     * @param algorithm the standard name of the requested key algorithm.
     * See the KeyGenerator section in the <a href=
     * "{@docRoot}/../specs/security/standard-names.html#keygenerator-algorithms">
     * Java Security Standard Algorithm Names Specification</a>
     * for information about standard algorithm names.
     *
     * @return the new {@code KeyGenerator} object
     *
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException if no {@code Provider} supports a
     *         {@code KeyGeneratorSpi} implementation for the
     *         specified algorithm
     *
     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code algorithm} is {@code null}
     *
     * @see java.security.Provider
     */
    public static final KeyGenerator getInstance(String algorithm)
            throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(algorithm, "null algorithm name");
        return new KeyGenerator(algorithm);
    }

    
Returns a KeyGenerator object that generates secret keys for the specified algorithm. 
 A new KeyGenerator object encapsulating the
KeyGeneratorSpi implementation from the specified provider
is returned.  The specified provider must be registered
in the security provider list.

 Note that the list of registered providers may be retrieved via the Security.getProviders() method. 
Params:
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the new KeyGenerator object
/**
     * Returns a {@code KeyGenerator} object that generates secret keys
     * for the specified algorithm.
     *
     * <p> A new KeyGenerator object encapsulating the
     * KeyGeneratorSpi implementation from the specified provider
     * is returned.  The specified provider must be registered
     * in the security provider list.
     *
     * <p> Note that the list of registered providers may be retrieved via
     * the {@link Security#getProviders() Security.getProviders()} method.
     *
     * @param algorithm the standard name of the requested key algorithm.
     * See the KeyGenerator section in the <a href=
     * "{@docRoot}/../specs/security/standard-names.html#keygenerator-algorithms">
     * Java Security Standard Algorithm Names Specification</a>
     * for information about standard algorithm names.
     *
     * @param provider the name of the provider.
     *
     * @return the new {@code KeyGenerator} object
     *
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the {@code provider}
     *         is {@code null} or empty
     *
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException if a {@code KeyGeneratorSpi}
     *         implementation for the specified algorithm is not
     *         available from the specified provider
     *
     * @throws NoSuchProviderException if the specified provider is not
     *         registered in the security provider list
     *
     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code algorithm} is {@code null}
     *
     * @see java.security.Provider
     */
    public static final KeyGenerator getInstance(String algorithm,
            String provider) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException,
            NoSuchProviderException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(algorithm, "null algorithm name");
        Instance instance = JceSecurity.getInstance("KeyGenerator",
                KeyGeneratorSpi.class, algorithm, provider);
        return new KeyGenerator((KeyGeneratorSpi)instance.impl,
                instance.provider, algorithm);
    }

    
Returns a KeyGenerator object that generates secret keys for the specified algorithm. 
 A new KeyGenerator object encapsulating the
KeyGeneratorSpi implementation from the specified Provider
object is returned.  Note that the specified Provider object
does not have to be registered in the provider list.

Params:
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the new KeyGenerator object
/**
     * Returns a {@code KeyGenerator} object that generates secret keys
     * for the specified algorithm.
     *
     * <p> A new KeyGenerator object encapsulating the
     * KeyGeneratorSpi implementation from the specified Provider
     * object is returned.  Note that the specified Provider object
     * does not have to be registered in the provider list.
     *
     * @param algorithm the standard name of the requested key algorithm.
     * See the KeyGenerator section in the <a href=
     * "{@docRoot}/../specs/security/standard-names.html#keygenerator-algorithms">
     * Java Security Standard Algorithm Names Specification</a>
     * for information about standard algorithm names.
     *
     * @param provider the provider.
     *
     * @return the new {@code KeyGenerator} object
     *
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the {@code provider}
     *         is {@code null}
     *
     * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException if a {@code KeyGeneratorSpi}
     *         implementation for the specified algorithm is not available
     *         from the specified {@code Provider} object
     *
     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code algorithm} is {@code null}
     *
     * @see java.security.Provider
     */
    public static final KeyGenerator getInstance(String algorithm,
            Provider provider) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        Objects.requireNonNull(algorithm, "null algorithm name");
        Instance instance = JceSecurity.getInstance("KeyGenerator",
                KeyGeneratorSpi.class, algorithm, provider);
        return new KeyGenerator((KeyGeneratorSpi)instance.impl,
                instance.provider, algorithm);
    }

    
Returns the provider of this KeyGenerator object. 
Returns:the provider of this KeyGenerator object
/**
     * Returns the provider of this {@code KeyGenerator} object.
     *
     * @return the provider of this {@code KeyGenerator} object
     */
    public final Provider getProvider() {
        synchronized (lock) {
            disableFailover();
            return provider;
        }
    }

    
Update the active spi of this class and return the next
implementation for failover. If no more implementations are
available, this method returns null. However, the active spi of
this class is never set to null.

/**
     * Update the active spi of this class and return the next
     * implementation for failover. If no more implementations are
     * available, this method returns null. However, the active spi of
     * this class is never set to null.
     */
    private KeyGeneratorSpi nextSpi(KeyGeneratorSpi oldSpi,
            boolean reinit) {
        synchronized (lock) {
            // somebody else did a failover concurrently
            // try that spi now
            if ((oldSpi != null) && (oldSpi != spi)) {
                return spi;
            }
            if (serviceIterator == null) {
                return null;
            }
            while (serviceIterator.hasNext()) {
                Service s = serviceIterator.next();
                if (JceSecurity.canUseProvider(s.getProvider()) == false) {
                    continue;
                }
                try {
                    Object inst = s.newInstance(null);
                    // ignore non-spis
                    if (inst instanceof KeyGeneratorSpi == false) {
                        continue;
                    }
                    KeyGeneratorSpi spi = (KeyGeneratorSpi)inst;
                    if (reinit) {
                        if (initType == I_SIZE) {
                            spi.engineInit(initKeySize, initRandom);
                        } else if (initType == I_PARAMS) {
                            spi.engineInit(initParams, initRandom);
                        } else if (initType == I_RANDOM) {
                            spi.engineInit(initRandom);
                        } else if (initType != I_NONE) {
                            throw new AssertionError
                                ("KeyGenerator initType: " + initType);
                        }
                    }
                    provider = s.getProvider();
                    this.spi = spi;
                    return spi;
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    // ignore
                }
            }
            disableFailover();
            return null;
        }
    }

    void disableFailover() {
        serviceIterator = null;
        initType = 0;
        initParams = null;
        initRandom = null;
    }

    
Initializes this key generator.

Params:
  • random – the source of randomness for this generator
/**
     * Initializes this key generator.
     *
     * @param random the source of randomness for this generator
     */
    public final void init(SecureRandom random) {
        if (serviceIterator == null) {
            spi.engineInit(random);
            return;
        }
        RuntimeException failure = null;
        KeyGeneratorSpi mySpi = spi;
        do {
            try {
                mySpi.engineInit(random);
                initType = I_RANDOM;
                initKeySize = 0;
                initParams = null;
                initRandom = random;
                return;
            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
                if (failure == null) {
                    failure = e;
                }
                mySpi = nextSpi(mySpi, false);
            }
        } while (mySpi != null);
        throw failure;
    }

    
Initializes this key generator with the specified parameter set.

 If this key generator requires any random bytes, it will get them using the SecureRandom implementation of the highest-priority installed provider as the source of randomness. (If none of the installed providers supply an implementation of SecureRandom, a system-provided source of randomness will be used.) 
Params:
  • params – the key generation parameters
Throws:
/**
     * Initializes this key generator with the specified parameter set.
     *
     * <p> If this key generator requires any random bytes, it will get them
     * using the
     * {@link java.security.SecureRandom}
     * implementation of the highest-priority installed
     * provider as the source of randomness.
     * (If none of the installed providers supply an implementation of
     * SecureRandom, a system-provided source of randomness will be used.)
     *
     * @param params the key generation parameters
     *
     * @exception InvalidAlgorithmParameterException if the given parameters
     * are inappropriate for this key generator
     */
    public final void init(AlgorithmParameterSpec params)
        throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException
    {
        init(params, JceSecurity.RANDOM);
    }

    
Initializes this key generator with the specified parameter
set and a user-provided source of randomness.

Params:
  • params – the key generation parameters
  • random – the source of randomness for this key generator
Throws:
/**
     * Initializes this key generator with the specified parameter
     * set and a user-provided source of randomness.
     *
     * @param params the key generation parameters
     * @param random the source of randomness for this key generator
     *
     * @exception InvalidAlgorithmParameterException if {@code params} is
     * inappropriate for this key generator
     */
    public final void init(AlgorithmParameterSpec params, SecureRandom random)
        throws InvalidAlgorithmParameterException
    {
        if (serviceIterator == null) {
            spi.engineInit(params, random);
            return;
        }
        Exception failure = null;
        KeyGeneratorSpi mySpi = spi;
        do {
            try {
                mySpi.engineInit(params, random);
                initType = I_PARAMS;
                initKeySize = 0;
                initParams = params;
                initRandom = random;
                return;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                if (failure == null) {
                    failure = e;
                }
                mySpi = nextSpi(mySpi, false);
            }
        } while (mySpi != null);
        if (failure instanceof InvalidAlgorithmParameterException) {
            throw (InvalidAlgorithmParameterException)failure;
        }
        if (failure instanceof RuntimeException) {
            throw (RuntimeException)failure;
        }
        throw new InvalidAlgorithmParameterException("init() failed", failure);
    }

    
Initializes this key generator for a certain keysize.

 If this key generator requires any random bytes, it will get them using the SecureRandom implementation of the highest-priority installed provider as the source of randomness. (If none of the installed providers supply an implementation of SecureRandom, a system-provided source of randomness will be used.) 
Params:
  • keysize – the keysize. This is an algorithm-specific metric,
specified in number of bits.
Throws:
/**
     * Initializes this key generator for a certain keysize.
     *
     * <p> If this key generator requires any random bytes, it will get them
     * using the
     * {@link java.security.SecureRandom}
     * implementation of the highest-priority installed
     * provider as the source of randomness.
     * (If none of the installed providers supply an implementation of
     * SecureRandom, a system-provided source of randomness will be used.)
     *
     * @param keysize the keysize. This is an algorithm-specific metric,
     * specified in number of bits.
     *
     * @exception InvalidParameterException if the keysize is wrong or not
     * supported.
     */
    public final void init(int keysize) {
        init(keysize, JceSecurity.RANDOM);
    }

    
Initializes this key generator for a certain keysize, using a
user-provided source of randomness.

Params:
  • keysize – the keysize. This is an algorithm-specific metric,
specified in number of bits.
  • random – the source of randomness for this key generator
Throws:
/**
     * Initializes this key generator for a certain keysize, using a
     * user-provided source of randomness.
     *
     * @param keysize the keysize. This is an algorithm-specific metric,
     * specified in number of bits.
     * @param random the source of randomness for this key generator
     *
     * @exception InvalidParameterException if the keysize is wrong or not
     * supported.
     */
    public final void init(int keysize, SecureRandom random) {
        if (serviceIterator == null) {
            spi.engineInit(keysize, random);
            return;
        }
        RuntimeException failure = null;
        KeyGeneratorSpi mySpi = spi;
        do {
            try {
                mySpi.engineInit(keysize, random);
                initType = I_SIZE;
                initKeySize = keysize;
                initParams = null;
                initRandom = random;
                return;
            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
                if (failure == null) {
                    failure = e;
                }
                mySpi = nextSpi(mySpi, false);
            }
        } while (mySpi != null);
        throw failure;
    }

    
Generates a secret key.

Returns:the new key
/**
     * Generates a secret key.
     *
     * @return the new key
     */
    public final SecretKey generateKey() {
        if (serviceIterator == null) {
            return spi.engineGenerateKey();
        }
        RuntimeException failure = null;
        KeyGeneratorSpi mySpi = spi;
        do {
            try {
                return mySpi.engineGenerateKey();
            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
                if (failure == null) {
                    failure = e;
                }
                mySpi = nextSpi(mySpi, true);
            }
        } while (mySpi != null);
        throw failure;
   }
}