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 * DO NOT ALTER OR REMOVE COPYRIGHT NOTICES OR THIS FILE HEADER.
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 * particular file as subject to the "Classpath" exception as provided
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 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License
 * version 2 for more details (a copy is included in the LICENSE file that
 * accompanied this code).
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package org.graalvm.compiler.lir;

import static jdk.vm.ci.code.ValueUtil.asStackSlot;
import static jdk.vm.ci.code.ValueUtil.isStackSlot;
import static org.graalvm.compiler.lir.LIRInstruction.OperandFlag.CONST;
import static org.graalvm.compiler.lir.LIRInstruction.OperandFlag.HINT;
import static org.graalvm.compiler.lir.LIRInstruction.OperandFlag.OUTGOING;
import static org.graalvm.compiler.lir.LIRInstruction.OperandFlag.REG;
import static org.graalvm.compiler.lir.LIRInstruction.OperandFlag.STACK;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.EnumSet;

import org.graalvm.collections.EconomicSet;
import org.graalvm.collections.Equivalence;
import org.graalvm.compiler.asm.Label;
import org.graalvm.compiler.core.common.GraalOptions;
import org.graalvm.compiler.core.common.cfg.AbstractBlockBase;
import org.graalvm.compiler.debug.GraalError;
import org.graalvm.compiler.lir.asm.CompilationResultBuilder;
import org.graalvm.compiler.lir.framemap.FrameMap;

import jdk.vm.ci.code.Register;
import jdk.vm.ci.code.RegisterSaveLayout;
import jdk.vm.ci.code.StackSlot;
import jdk.vm.ci.meta.AllocatableValue;
import jdk.vm.ci.meta.Constant;
import jdk.vm.ci.meta.JavaConstant;
import jdk.vm.ci.meta.Value;

A collection of machine-independent LIR operations, as well as interfaces to be implemented for
specific kinds or LIR operations.
/**
 * A collection of machine-independent LIR operations, as well as interfaces to be implemented for
 * specific kinds or LIR operations.
 */
public class StandardOp {

    
A block delimiter. Every well formed block must contain exactly one such operation and it
must be the last operation in the block.
/**
     * A block delimiter. Every well formed block must contain exactly one such operation and it
     * must be the last operation in the block.
     */
    public interface BlockEndOp {
    }

    public interface NullCheck {
        Value getCheckedValue();

        LIRFrameState getState();
    }

    public interface ImplicitNullCheck {
        boolean makeNullCheckFor(Value value, LIRFrameState nullCheckState, int implicitNullCheckLimit);
    }

    public interface LabelHoldingOp {
        Label getLabel();
    }

    
LIR operation that defines the position of a label.
/**
     * LIR operation that defines the position of a label.
     */
    public static final class LabelOp extends LIRInstruction implements LabelHoldingOp {
        public static final LIRInstructionClass<LabelOp> TYPE = LIRInstructionClass.create(LabelOp.class);
        public static final EnumSet<OperandFlag> incomingFlags = EnumSet.of(REG, STACK);

        
In the LIR, every register and variable must be defined before it is used. For method
parameters that are passed in fixed registers, exception objects passed to the exception
handler in a fixed register, or any other use of a fixed register not defined in this
method, an artificial definition is necessary. To avoid spill moves to be inserted
between the label at the beginning of a block an an actual definition in the second
instruction of a block, the registers are defined here in the label.
/**
         * In the LIR, every register and variable must be defined before it is used. For method
         * parameters that are passed in fixed registers, exception objects passed to the exception
         * handler in a fixed register, or any other use of a fixed register not defined in this
         * method, an artificial definition is necessary. To avoid spill moves to be inserted
         * between the label at the beginning of a block an an actual definition in the second
         * instruction of a block, the registers are defined here in the label.
         */
        @Def({REG, STACK}) private Value[] incomingValues;
        private final Label label;
        private final boolean align;
        private int numbPhis;

        public LabelOp(Label label, boolean align) {
            super(TYPE);
            this.label = label;
            this.align = align;
            this.incomingValues = Value.NO_VALUES;
            this.numbPhis = 0;
        }

        public void setPhiValues(Value[] values) {
            setIncomingValues(values);
            setNumberOfPhis(values.length);
        }

        private void setNumberOfPhis(int numPhis) {
            assert numbPhis == 0;
            numbPhis = numPhis;
        }

        public int getPhiSize() {
            return numbPhis;
        }

        public void setIncomingValues(Value[] values) {
            assert this.incomingValues.length == 0;
            assert values != null;
            this.incomingValues = values;
        }

        public int getIncomingSize() {
            return incomingValues.length;
        }

        public Value getIncomingValue(int idx) {
            assert checkRange(idx);
            return incomingValues[idx];
        }

        public void clearIncomingValues() {
            incomingValues = Value.NO_VALUES;
        }

        public void addIncomingValues(Value[] values) {
            if (incomingValues.length == 0) {
                setIncomingValues(values);
                return;
            }
            int t = incomingValues.length + values.length;
            Value[] newArray = new Value[t];
            System.arraycopy(incomingValues, 0, newArray, 0, incomingValues.length);
            System.arraycopy(values, 0, newArray, incomingValues.length, values.length);
            incomingValues = newArray;
        }

        private boolean checkRange(int idx) {
            return idx < incomingValues.length;
        }

        @Override
        public void emitCode(CompilationResultBuilder crb) {
            if (align) {
                crb.asm.align(GraalOptions.LoopHeaderAlignment.getValue(crb.getOptions()));
            }
            crb.asm.bind(label);
        }

        @Override
        public Label getLabel() {
            return label;
        }

        
Returns:
true if this label acts as a PhiIn./**
         * @return true if this label acts as a PhiIn.
         */
        public boolean isPhiIn() {
            return getPhiSize() > 0;
        }

        public void forEachIncomingValue(InstructionValueProcedure proc) {
            for (int i = 0; i < incomingValues.length; i++) {
                incomingValues[i] = proc.doValue(this, incomingValues[i], OperandMode.DEF, incomingFlags);
            }
        }
    }

    
LIR operation that is an unconditional jump to a destination(). /**
     * LIR operation that is an unconditional jump to a {@link #destination()}.
     */
    public static class JumpOp extends LIRInstruction implements BlockEndOp {
        public static final LIRInstructionClass<JumpOp> TYPE = LIRInstructionClass.create(JumpOp.class);
        public static final EnumSet<OperandFlag> outgoingFlags = EnumSet.of(REG, STACK, CONST, OUTGOING);

        @Alive({REG, STACK, CONST, OUTGOING}) private Value[] outgoingValues;

        private final LabelRef destination;

        public JumpOp(LabelRef destination) {
            this(TYPE, destination);
        }

        protected JumpOp(LIRInstructionClass<? extends JumpOp> c, LabelRef destination) {
            super(c);
            this.destination = destination;
            this.outgoingValues = Value.NO_VALUES;
        }

        @Override
        public void emitCode(CompilationResultBuilder crb) {
            if (!crb.isSuccessorEdge(destination)) {
                crb.asm.jmp(destination.label());
            }
        }

        public LabelRef destination() {
            return destination;
        }

        public void setPhiValues(Value[] values) {
            assert this.outgoingValues.length == 0;
            assert values != null;
            this.outgoingValues = values;
        }

        public int getPhiSize() {
            return outgoingValues.length;
        }

        public Value getOutgoingValue(int idx) {
            assert checkRange(idx);
            return outgoingValues[idx];
        }

        public void clearOutgoingValues() {
            outgoingValues = Value.NO_VALUES;
        }

        private boolean checkRange(int idx) {
            return idx < outgoingValues.length;
        }
    }

    
Marker interface for a LIR operation that is a conditional jump.
/**
     * Marker interface for a LIR operation that is a conditional jump.
     */
    public interface BranchOp extends BlockEndOp {
    }

    
Marker interface for a LIR operation that moves a value to getResult(). /**
     * Marker interface for a LIR operation that moves a value to {@link #getResult()}.
     */
    public interface MoveOp {

        AllocatableValue getResult();

        // Checkstyle: stop
        static MoveOp asMoveOp(LIRInstruction op) {
            return (MoveOp) op;
        }
        // Checkstyle: resume

        static boolean isMoveOp(LIRInstruction op) {
            return op.isMoveOp();
        }
    }

    
Marker interface for a LIR operation that moves some non-constant value to another location.
/**
     * Marker interface for a LIR operation that moves some non-constant value to another location.
     */
    public interface ValueMoveOp extends MoveOp {

        AllocatableValue getInput();

        // Checkstyle: stop
        static ValueMoveOp asValueMoveOp(LIRInstruction op) {
            return (ValueMoveOp) op;
        }
        // Checkstyle: resume

        static boolean isValueMoveOp(LIRInstruction op) {
            return op.isValueMoveOp();
        }
    }

    
Marker interface for a LIR operation that loads a getConstant(). /**
     * Marker interface for a LIR operation that loads a {@link #getConstant()}.
     */
    public interface LoadConstantOp extends MoveOp {

        Constant getConstant();

        // Checkstyle: stop
        static LoadConstantOp asLoadConstantOp(LIRInstruction op) {
            return (LoadConstantOp) op;
        }
        // Checkstyle: resume

        static boolean isLoadConstantOp(LIRInstruction op) {
            return op.isLoadConstantOp();
        }

        default boolean canRematerialize() {
            // By default only JavaConstants are assumed to be handled by the generic move
            // operation.
            return getConstant() instanceof JavaConstant;
        }
    }

    
An operation that saves registers to the stack. The set of saved registers can be pruned and a mapping from registers to the frame slots in which they are saved can be retrieved. /**
     * An operation that saves registers to the stack. The set of saved registers can be
     * {@linkplain #remove(EconomicSet) pruned} and a mapping from registers to the frame slots in
     * which they are saved can be {@linkplain #getMap(FrameMap) retrieved}.
     */
    public abstract static class SaveRegistersOp extends LIRInstruction {
        public static final LIRInstructionClass<SaveRegistersOp> TYPE = LIRInstructionClass.create(SaveRegistersOp.class);

        
The registers (potentially) saved by this operation.
/**
         * The registers (potentially) saved by this operation.
         */
        protected final Register[] savedRegisters;

        
The slots to which the registers are saved.
/**
         * The slots to which the registers are saved.
         */
        @Def(STACK) protected final AllocatableValue[] slots;

        
Params:
savedRegisters – the registers saved by this operation which may be subject to pruning
savedRegisterLocations – the slots to which the registers are saved/**
         *
         * @param savedRegisters the registers saved by this operation which may be subject to
         *            {@linkplain #remove(EconomicSet) pruning}
         * @param savedRegisterLocations the slots to which the registers are saved
         */
        protected SaveRegistersOp(LIRInstructionClass<? extends SaveRegistersOp> c, Register[] savedRegisters, AllocatableValue[] savedRegisterLocations) {
            super(c);
            assert Arrays.asList(savedRegisterLocations).stream().allMatch(LIRValueUtil::isVirtualStackSlot);
            this.savedRegisters = savedRegisters;
            this.slots = savedRegisterLocations;
        }

        
Prunes doNotSave from the registers saved by this operation. 
Params:
doNotSave – registers that should not be saved by this operation
Returns:
the number of registers pruned/**
         * Prunes {@code doNotSave} from the registers saved by this operation.
         *
         * @param doNotSave registers that should not be saved by this operation
         * @return the number of registers pruned
         */
        public int remove(EconomicSet<Register> doNotSave) {
            return prune(doNotSave, savedRegisters);
        }

        
Gets a map from the saved registers saved by this operation to the frame slots in which
they are saved.
Params:
frameMap – used to convert a virtual slot to a frame slot index/**
         * Gets a map from the saved registers saved by this operation to the frame slots in which
         * they are saved.
         *
         * @param frameMap used to {@linkplain FrameMap#offsetForStackSlot(StackSlot) convert} a
         *            virtual slot to a frame slot index
         */

        public RegisterSaveLayout getMap(FrameMap frameMap) {
            int total = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < savedRegisters.length; i++) {
                if (savedRegisters[i] != null) {
                    total++;
                }
            }
            Register[] keys = new Register[total];
            int[] values = new int[total];
            if (total != 0) {
                int mapIndex = 0;
                for (int i = 0; i < savedRegisters.length; i++) {
                    if (savedRegisters[i] != null) {
                        keys[mapIndex] = savedRegisters[i];
                        assert isStackSlot(slots[i]) : "not a StackSlot: " + slots[i];
                        StackSlot slot = asStackSlot(slots[i]);
                        values[mapIndex] = indexForStackSlot(frameMap, slot);
                        mapIndex++;
                    }
                }
                assert mapIndex == total;
            }
            return new RegisterSaveLayout(keys, values);
        }

        public Register[] getSavedRegisters() {
            return savedRegisters;
        }

        public EconomicSet<Register> getSaveableRegisters() {
            EconomicSet<Register> registers = EconomicSet.create(Equivalence.IDENTITY);
            for (Register r : savedRegisters) {
                registers.add(r);
            }
            return registers;
        }

        public AllocatableValue[] getSlots() {
            return slots;
        }

        @Override
        public abstract void emitCode(CompilationResultBuilder crb);

        static int prune(EconomicSet<Register> toRemove, Register[] registers) {
            int pruned = 0;
            for (int i = 0; i < registers.length; i++) {
                if (registers[i] != null) {
                    if (toRemove.contains(registers[i])) {
                        registers[i] = null;
                        pruned++;
                    }
                }
            }
            return pruned;
        }

        
Computes the index of a stack slot relative to slot 0. This is also the bit index of
stack slots in the reference map.
Params:
slot – a stack slot
Returns:
the index of the stack slot/**
         * Computes the index of a stack slot relative to slot 0. This is also the bit index of
         * stack slots in the reference map.
         *
         * @param slot a stack slot
         * @return the index of the stack slot
         */
        private static int indexForStackSlot(FrameMap frameMap, StackSlot slot) {
            assert frameMap.offsetForStackSlot(slot) % frameMap.getTarget().wordSize == 0;
            int value = frameMap.offsetForStackSlot(slot) / frameMap.getTarget().wordSize;
            return value;
        }
    }

    
Marker interface for an operation that restores the registers saved by SaveRegistersOp. /**
     * Marker interface for an operation that restores the registers saved by
     * {@link SaveRegistersOp}.
     */
    public interface RestoreRegistersOp {
    }

    
Marker interface for an operation that kills some set register and stack locations.
/**
     * Marker interface for an operation that kills some set register and stack locations.
     */
    public interface ZapRegistersOp {
    }

    
A LIR operation that does nothing. If the operation records its position, it can be subsequently replaced. /**
     * A LIR operation that does nothing. If the operation records its position, it can be
     * subsequently {@linkplain #replace(LIR, LIRInstruction) replaced}.
     */
    public static final class NoOp extends LIRInstruction {
        public static final LIRInstructionClass<NoOp> TYPE = LIRInstructionClass.create(NoOp.class);

        
The block in which this instruction is located.
/**
         * The block in which this instruction is located.
         */
        final AbstractBlockBase<?> block;

        
The block index of this instruction.
/**
         * The block index of this instruction.
         */
        final int index;

        public NoOp(AbstractBlockBase<?> block, int index) {
            super(TYPE);
            this.block = block;
            this.index = index;
        }

        public void replace(LIR lir, LIRInstruction replacement) {
            ArrayList<LIRInstruction> instructions = lir.getLIRforBlock(block);
            assert instructions.get(index).equals(this) : String.format("Replacing the wrong instruction: %s instead of %s", instructions.get(index), this);
            instructions.set(index, replacement);
        }

        public void remove(LIR lir) {
            ArrayList<LIRInstruction> instructions = lir.getLIRforBlock(block);
            assert instructions.get(index).equals(this) : String.format("Removing the wrong instruction: %s instead of %s", instructions.get(index), this);
            instructions.remove(index);
        }

        @Override
        public void emitCode(CompilationResultBuilder crb) {
            if (block != null) {
                throw new GraalError(this + " should have been replaced");
            }
        }
    }

    @Opcode("BLACKHOLE")
    public static final class BlackholeOp extends LIRInstruction {
        public static final LIRInstructionClass<BlackholeOp> TYPE = LIRInstructionClass.create(BlackholeOp.class);

        @Use({REG, STACK, CONST}) private Value value;

        public BlackholeOp(Value value) {
            super(TYPE);
            this.value = value;
        }

        @Override
        public void emitCode(CompilationResultBuilder crb) {
            // do nothing, just keep value alive until at least here
        }
    }

    public static final class BindToRegisterOp extends LIRInstruction {
        public static final LIRInstructionClass<BindToRegisterOp> TYPE = LIRInstructionClass.create(BindToRegisterOp.class);

        @Use({REG}) private Value value;

        public BindToRegisterOp(Value value) {
            super(TYPE);
            this.value = value;
        }

        @Override
        public void emitCode(CompilationResultBuilder crb) {
            // do nothing, just keep value alive until at least here
        }
    }

    @Opcode("SPILLREGISTERS")
    public static final class SpillRegistersOp extends LIRInstruction {
        public static final LIRInstructionClass<SpillRegistersOp> TYPE = LIRInstructionClass.create(SpillRegistersOp.class);

        public SpillRegistersOp() {
            super(TYPE);
        }

        @Override
        public boolean destroysCallerSavedRegisters() {
            return true;
        }

        @Override
        public void emitCode(CompilationResultBuilder crb) {
            // do nothing, just keep value alive until at least here
        }
    }

    public static final class StackMove extends LIRInstruction implements ValueMoveOp {
        public static final LIRInstructionClass<StackMove> TYPE = LIRInstructionClass.create(StackMove.class);

        @Def({STACK, HINT}) protected AllocatableValue result;
        @Use({STACK}) protected AllocatableValue input;

        public StackMove(AllocatableValue result, AllocatableValue input) {
            super(TYPE);
            this.result = result;
            this.input = input;
        }

        @Override
        public void emitCode(CompilationResultBuilder crb) {
            throw new GraalError(this + " should have been removed");
        }

        @Override
        public AllocatableValue getInput() {
            return input;
        }

        @Override
        public AllocatableValue getResult() {
            return result;
        }
    }

}