https://github.com/google/guava/guava: Guava is a suite of core and expanded libraries that include utility classes, google's collections, io classes, and much much more. 
/*
 * Copyright (C) 2007 The Guava Authors
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except
 * in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License
 * is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express
 * or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under
 * the License.
 */

package com.google.common.base;

import static com.google.common.base.Strings.lenientFormat;

import com.google.common.annotations.GwtCompatible;
import com.google.errorprone.annotations.CanIgnoreReturnValue;
import org.checkerframework.checker.nullness.qual.Nullable;


Static convenience methods that help a method or constructor check whether it was invoked
correctly (that is, whether its preconditions were met).

If the precondition is not met, the Preconditions method throws an unchecked exception of a specified type, which helps the method in which the exception was thrown communicate that its caller has made a mistake. This allows constructs such as 

public static double sqrt(double value) {
  if (value < 0) {
    throw new IllegalArgumentException("input is negative: " + value);
  }
  // calculate square root
 }



to be replaced with the more compact


public static double sqrt(double value) {
  checkArgument(value >= 0, "input is negative: %s", value);
  // calculate square root
 }



so that a hypothetical bad caller of this method, such as:


  void exampleBadCaller() {
    double d = sqrt(-1.0);
 }



would be flagged as having called sqrt() with an illegal argument. 
Performance


Avoid passing message arguments that are expensive to compute; your code will always compute
them, even though they usually won't be needed. If you have such arguments, use the conventional
if/throw idiom instead.

Depending on your message arguments, memory may be allocated for boxing and varargs array
creation. However, the methods of this class have a large number of overloads that prevent such
allocations in many common cases.

The message string is not formatted unless the exception will be thrown, so the cost of the
string formatting itself should not be a concern.

As with any performance concerns, you should consider profiling your code (in a production
environment if possible) before spending a lot of effort on tweaking a particular element.

Other types of preconditions


Not every type of precondition failure is supported by these methods. Continue to throw standard JDK exceptions such as NoSuchElementException or UnsupportedOperationException in the situations they are intended for. 
Non-preconditions


It is of course possible to use the methods of this class to check for invalid conditions
which are not the caller's fault. Doing so is not recommended because it is
misleading to future readers of the code and of stack traces. See Conditional failures
explained in the Guava User Guide for more advice. Notably, Verify offers assertions similar to those in this class for non-precondition checks. 
java.util.Objects.requireNonNull()


Projects which use com.google.common should generally avoid the use of Objects.requireNonNull(Object). Instead, use whichever of checkNotNull(Object) or Verify.verifyNotNull(Object) is appropriate to the situation. (The same goes for the message-accepting overloads.) 
Only %s is supported


Preconditions uses Strings.lenientFormat to format error message template strings. This only supports the "%s" specifier, not the full range of Formatter specifiers. However, note that if the number of arguments does not match the number of occurrences of "%s" in the format string, Preconditions will still behave as expected, and will still include all argument values in the error message; the message will simply not be formatted exactly as intended. 
More information


See the Guava User Guide on using 
Preconditions.

Author:Kevin Bourrillion
Since:2.0
/**
 * Static convenience methods that help a method or constructor check whether it was invoked
 * correctly (that is, whether its <i>preconditions</i> were met).
 *
 * <p>If the precondition is not met, the {@code Preconditions} method throws an unchecked exception
 * of a specified type, which helps the method in which the exception was thrown communicate that
 * its caller has made a mistake. This allows constructs such as
 *
 * <pre>{@code
 * public static double sqrt(double value) {
 *   if (value < 0) {
 *     throw new IllegalArgumentException("input is negative: " + value);
 *   }
 *   // calculate square root
 * }
 * }</pre>
 *
 * <p>to be replaced with the more compact
 *
 * <pre>{@code
 * public static double sqrt(double value) {
 *   checkArgument(value >= 0, "input is negative: %s", value);
 *   // calculate square root
 * }
 * }</pre>
 *
 * <p>so that a hypothetical bad caller of this method, such as:
 *
 * <pre>{@code
 *   void exampleBadCaller() {
 *     double d = sqrt(-1.0);
 * }
 * }</pre>
 *
 * <p>would be flagged as having called {@code sqrt()} with an illegal argument.
 *
 * <h3>Performance</h3>
 *
 * <p>Avoid passing message arguments that are expensive to compute; your code will always compute
 * them, even though they usually won't be needed. If you have such arguments, use the conventional
 * if/throw idiom instead.
 *
 * <p>Depending on your message arguments, memory may be allocated for boxing and varargs array
 * creation. However, the methods of this class have a large number of overloads that prevent such
 * allocations in many common cases.
 *
 * <p>The message string is not formatted unless the exception will be thrown, so the cost of the
 * string formatting itself should not be a concern.
 *
 * <p>As with any performance concerns, you should consider profiling your code (in a production
 * environment if possible) before spending a lot of effort on tweaking a particular element.
 *
 * <h3>Other types of preconditions</h3>
 *
 * <p>Not every type of precondition failure is supported by these methods. Continue to throw
 * standard JDK exceptions such as {@link java.util.NoSuchElementException} or {@link
 * UnsupportedOperationException} in the situations they are intended for.
 *
 * <h3>Non-preconditions</h3>
 *
 * <p>It is of course possible to use the methods of this class to check for invalid conditions
 * which are <i>not the caller's fault</i>. Doing so is <b>not recommended</b> because it is
 * misleading to future readers of the code and of stack traces. See <a
 * href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/ConditionalFailuresExplained">Conditional failures
 * explained</a> in the Guava User Guide for more advice. Notably, {@link Verify} offers assertions
 * similar to those in this class for non-precondition checks.
 *
 * <h3>{@code java.util.Objects.requireNonNull()}</h3>
 *
 * <p>Projects which use {@code com.google.common} should generally avoid the use of {@link
 * java.util.Objects#requireNonNull(Object)}. Instead, use whichever of {@link
 * #checkNotNull(Object)} or {@link Verify#verifyNotNull(Object)} is appropriate to the situation.
 * (The same goes for the message-accepting overloads.)
 *
 * <h3>Only {@code %s} is supported</h3>
 *
 * <p>{@code Preconditions} uses {@link Strings#lenientFormat} to format error message template
 * strings. This only supports the {@code "%s"} specifier, not the full range of {@link
 * java.util.Formatter} specifiers. However, note that if the number of arguments does not match the
 * number of occurrences of {@code "%s"} in the format string, {@code Preconditions} will still
 * behave as expected, and will still include all argument values in the error message; the message
 * will simply not be formatted exactly as intended.
 *
 * <h3>More information</h3>
 *
 * <p>See the Guava User Guide on <a
 * href="https://github.com/google/guava/wiki/PreconditionsExplained">using {@code
 * Preconditions}</a>.
 *
 * @author Kevin Bourrillion
 * @since 2.0
 */
@GwtCompatible
public final class Preconditions {
  private Preconditions() {}

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

Params:
  • expression – a boolean expression
Throws:
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * @param expression a boolean expression
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code expression} is false
   */
  public static void checkArgument(boolean expression) {
    if (!expression) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException();
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

Params:
  • expression – a boolean expression
  • errorMessage – the exception message to use if the check fails; will be converted to a string using String.valueOf(Object)
Throws:
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * @param expression a boolean expression
   * @param errorMessage the exception message to use if the check fails; will be converted to a
   *     string using {@link String#valueOf(Object)}
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code expression} is false
   */
  public static void checkArgument(boolean expression, @Nullable Object errorMessage) {
    if (!expression) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.valueOf(errorMessage));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

Params:
  • expression – a boolean expression
  • errorMessageTemplate – a template for the exception message should the check fail. The message is formed by replacing each %s placeholder in the template with an argument. These are matched by position - the first %s gets 
    errorMessageArgs[0], etc. Unmatched arguments will be appended to the formatted message in square braces. Unmatched placeholders will be left as-is.
  • errorMessageArgs – the arguments to be substituted into the message template. Arguments are converted to strings using String.valueOf(Object).
Throws:
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * @param expression a boolean expression
   * @param errorMessageTemplate a template for the exception message should the check fail. The
   *     message is formed by replacing each {@code %s} placeholder in the template with an
   *     argument. These are matched by position - the first {@code %s} gets {@code
   *     errorMessageArgs[0]}, etc. Unmatched arguments will be appended to the formatted message in
   *     square braces. Unmatched placeholders will be left as-is.
   * @param errorMessageArgs the arguments to be substituted into the message template. Arguments
   *     are converted to strings using {@link String#valueOf(Object)}.
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code expression} is false
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean expression,
      @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate,
      Object @Nullable... errorMessageArgs) {
    if (!expression) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, errorMessageArgs));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, char p1) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, int p1) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, long p1) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, @Nullable Object p1) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, char p1, char p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, char p1, int p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, char p1, long p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, char p1, @Nullable Object p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, int p1, char p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, int p1, int p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, int p1, long p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, int p1, @Nullable Object p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, long p1, char p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, long p1, int p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, long p1, long p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, long p1, @Nullable Object p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, @Nullable Object p1, char p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, @Nullable Object p1, int p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, @Nullable Object p1, long p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, @Nullable Object p1, @Nullable Object p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b,
      @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate,
      @Nullable Object p1,
      @Nullable Object p2,
      @Nullable Object p3) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2, p3));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.

See checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving one or more parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkArgument(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkArgument(
      boolean b,
      @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate,
      @Nullable Object p1,
      @Nullable Object p2,
      @Nullable Object p3,
      @Nullable Object p4) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2, p3, p4));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

Params:
  • expression – a boolean expression
Throws:
See Also:
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * @param expression a boolean expression
   * @throws IllegalStateException if {@code expression} is false
   * @see Verify#verify Verify.verify()
   */
  public static void checkState(boolean expression) {
    if (!expression) {
      throw new IllegalStateException();
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

Params:
  • expression – a boolean expression
  • errorMessage – the exception message to use if the check fails; will be converted to a string using String.valueOf(Object)
Throws:
See Also:
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * @param expression a boolean expression
   * @param errorMessage the exception message to use if the check fails; will be converted to a
   *     string using {@link String#valueOf(Object)}
   * @throws IllegalStateException if {@code expression} is false
   * @see Verify#verify Verify.verify()
   */
  public static void checkState(boolean expression, @Nullable Object errorMessage) {
    if (!expression) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(String.valueOf(errorMessage));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

Params:
  • expression – a boolean expression
  • errorMessageTemplate – a template for the exception message should the check fail. The message is formed by replacing each %s placeholder in the template with an argument. These are matched by position - the first %s gets 
    errorMessageArgs[0], etc. Unmatched arguments will be appended to the formatted message in square braces. Unmatched placeholders will be left as-is.
  • errorMessageArgs – the arguments to be substituted into the message template. Arguments are converted to strings using String.valueOf(Object).
Throws:
See Also:
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * @param expression a boolean expression
   * @param errorMessageTemplate a template for the exception message should the check fail. The
   *     message is formed by replacing each {@code %s} placeholder in the template with an
   *     argument. These are matched by position - the first {@code %s} gets {@code
   *     errorMessageArgs[0]}, etc. Unmatched arguments will be appended to the formatted message in
   *     square braces. Unmatched placeholders will be left as-is.
   * @param errorMessageArgs the arguments to be substituted into the message template. Arguments
   *     are converted to strings using {@link String#valueOf(Object)}.
   * @throws IllegalStateException if {@code expression} is false
   * @see Verify#verify Verify.verify()
   */
  public static void checkState(
      boolean expression,
      @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate,
      @Nullable Object @Nullable... errorMessageArgs) {
    if (!expression) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, errorMessageArgs));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, char p1) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, int p1) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, long p1) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, @Nullable Object p1) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, char p1, char p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, char p1, int p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, char p1, long p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, char p1, @Nullable Object p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, int p1, char p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, int p1, int p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, int p1, long p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, int p1, @Nullable Object p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, long p1, char p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, long p1, int p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, long p1, long p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, long p1, @Nullable Object p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, @Nullable Object p1, char p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, @Nullable Object p1, int p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, @Nullable Object p1, long p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(
      boolean b, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, @Nullable Object p1, @Nullable Object p2) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(
      boolean b,
      @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate,
      @Nullable Object p1,
      @Nullable Object p2,
      @Nullable Object p3) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2, p3));
    }
  }

  
Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
involving any parameters to the calling method.

See checkState(boolean, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures the truth of an expression involving the state of the calling instance, but not
   * involving any parameters to the calling method.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkState(boolean, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  public static void checkState(
      boolean b,
      @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate,
      @Nullable Object p1,
      @Nullable Object p2,
      @Nullable Object p3,
      @Nullable Object p4) {
    if (!b) {
      throw new IllegalStateException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2, p3, p4));
    }
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

Params:
  • reference – an object reference
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the non-null reference that was validated
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * @param reference an object reference
   * @return the non-null reference that was validated
   * @throws NullPointerException if {@code reference} is null
   * @see Verify#verifyNotNull Verify.verifyNotNull()
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(T reference) {
    if (reference == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException();
    }
    return reference;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

Params:
  • reference – an object reference
  • errorMessage – the exception message to use if the check fails; will be converted to a string using String.valueOf(Object)
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the non-null reference that was validated
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * @param reference an object reference
   * @param errorMessage the exception message to use if the check fails; will be converted to a
   *     string using {@link String#valueOf(Object)}
   * @return the non-null reference that was validated
   * @throws NullPointerException if {@code reference} is null
   * @see Verify#verifyNotNull Verify.verifyNotNull()
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(T reference, @Nullable Object errorMessage) {
    if (reference == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(String.valueOf(errorMessage));
    }
    return reference;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

Params:
  • reference – an object reference
  • errorMessageTemplate – a template for the exception message should the check fail. The message is formed by replacing each %s placeholder in the template with an argument. These are matched by position - the first %s gets 
    errorMessageArgs[0], etc. Unmatched arguments will be appended to the formatted message in square braces. Unmatched placeholders will be left as-is.
  • errorMessageArgs – the arguments to be substituted into the message template. Arguments are converted to strings using String.valueOf(Object).
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the non-null reference that was validated
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * @param reference an object reference
   * @param errorMessageTemplate a template for the exception message should the check fail. The
   *     message is formed by replacing each {@code %s} placeholder in the template with an
   *     argument. These are matched by position - the first {@code %s} gets {@code
   *     errorMessageArgs[0]}, etc. Unmatched arguments will be appended to the formatted message in
   *     square braces. Unmatched placeholders will be left as-is.
   * @param errorMessageArgs the arguments to be substituted into the message template. Arguments
   *     are converted to strings using {@link String#valueOf(Object)}.
   * @return the non-null reference that was validated
   * @throws NullPointerException if {@code reference} is null
   * @see Verify#verifyNotNull Verify.verifyNotNull()
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(
      T reference, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, Object @Nullable... errorMessageArgs) {
    if (reference == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, errorMessageArgs));
    }
    return reference;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, char p1) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, int p1) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, long p1) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(
      T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, @Nullable Object p1) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, char p1, char p2) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, char p1, int p2) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, char p1, long p2) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(
      T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, char p1, @Nullable Object p2) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, int p1, char p2) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, int p1, int p2) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, int p1, long p2) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(
      T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, int p1, @Nullable Object p2) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, long p1, char p2) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, long p1, int p2) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, long p1, long p2) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(
      T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, long p1, @Nullable Object p2) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(
      T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, @Nullable Object p1, char p2) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(
      T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, @Nullable Object p1, int p2) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(
      T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, @Nullable Object p1, long p2) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(
      T obj, @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate, @Nullable Object p1, @Nullable Object p2) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(
      T obj,
      @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate,
      @Nullable Object p1,
      @Nullable Object p2,
      @Nullable Object p3) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2, p3));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  
Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.

See checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...) for details. 
Since:20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
/**
   * Ensures that an object reference passed as a parameter to the calling method is not null.
   *
   * <p>See {@link #checkNotNull(Object, String, Object...)} for details.
   *
   * @since 20.0 (varargs overload since 2.0)
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static <T> T checkNotNull(
      T obj,
      @Nullable String errorMessageTemplate,
      @Nullable Object p1,
      @Nullable Object p2,
      @Nullable Object p3,
      @Nullable Object p4) {
    if (obj == null) {
      throw new NullPointerException(lenientFormat(errorMessageTemplate, p1, p2, p3, p4));
    }
    return obj;
  }

  /*
   * All recent hotspots (as of 2009) *really* like to have the natural code
   *
   * if (guardExpression) {
   *    throw new BadException(messageExpression);
   * }
   *
   * refactored so that messageExpression is moved to a separate String-returning method.
   *
   * if (guardExpression) {
   *    throw new BadException(badMsg(...));
   * }
   *
   * The alternative natural refactorings into void or Exception-returning methods are much slower.
   * This is a big deal - we're talking factors of 2-8 in microbenchmarks, not just 10-20%. (This is
   * a hotspot optimizer bug, which should be fixed, but that's a separate, big project).
   *
   * The coding pattern above is heavily used in java.util, e.g. in ArrayList. There is a
   * RangeCheckMicroBenchmark in the JDK that was used to test this.
   *
   * But the methods in this class want to throw different exceptions, depending on the args, so it
   * appears that this pattern is not directly applicable. But we can use the ridiculous, devious
   * trick of throwing an exception in the middle of the construction of another exception. Hotspot
   * is fine with that.
   */

  
Ensures that index specifies a valid element in an array, list or string of size size. An element index may range from zero, inclusive, to size, exclusive. 
Params:
  • index – a user-supplied index identifying an element of an array, list or string
  • size – the size of that array, list or string
Throws:
Returns:the value of index
/**
   * Ensures that {@code index} specifies a valid <i>element</i> in an array, list or string of size
   * {@code size}. An element index may range from zero, inclusive, to {@code size}, exclusive.
   *
   * @param index a user-supplied index identifying an element of an array, list or string
   * @param size the size of that array, list or string
   * @return the value of {@code index}
   * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code index} is negative or is not less than {@code size}
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code size} is negative
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static int checkElementIndex(int index, int size) {
    return checkElementIndex(index, size, "index");
  }

  
Ensures that index specifies a valid element in an array, list or string of size size. An element index may range from zero, inclusive, to size, exclusive. 
Params:
  • index – a user-supplied index identifying an element of an array, list or string
  • size – the size of that array, list or string
  • desc – the text to use to describe this index in an error message
Throws:
Returns:the value of index
/**
   * Ensures that {@code index} specifies a valid <i>element</i> in an array, list or string of size
   * {@code size}. An element index may range from zero, inclusive, to {@code size}, exclusive.
   *
   * @param index a user-supplied index identifying an element of an array, list or string
   * @param size the size of that array, list or string
   * @param desc the text to use to describe this index in an error message
   * @return the value of {@code index}
   * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code index} is negative or is not less than {@code size}
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code size} is negative
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static int checkElementIndex(int index, int size, @Nullable String desc) {
    // Carefully optimized for execution by hotspot (explanatory comment above)
    if (index < 0 || index >= size) {
      throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(badElementIndex(index, size, desc));
    }
    return index;
  }

  private static String badElementIndex(int index, int size, @Nullable String desc) {
    if (index < 0) {
      return lenientFormat("%s (%s) must not be negative", desc, index);
    } else if (size < 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("negative size: " + size);
    } else { // index >= size
      return lenientFormat("%s (%s) must be less than size (%s)", desc, index, size);
    }
  }

  
Ensures that index specifies a valid position in an array, list or string of size size. A position index may range from zero to size, inclusive. 
Params:
  • index – a user-supplied index identifying a position in an array, list or string
  • size – the size of that array, list or string
Throws:
Returns:the value of index
/**
   * Ensures that {@code index} specifies a valid <i>position</i> in an array, list or string of
   * size {@code size}. A position index may range from zero to {@code size}, inclusive.
   *
   * @param index a user-supplied index identifying a position in an array, list or string
   * @param size the size of that array, list or string
   * @return the value of {@code index}
   * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code index} is negative or is greater than {@code size}
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code size} is negative
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static int checkPositionIndex(int index, int size) {
    return checkPositionIndex(index, size, "index");
  }

  
Ensures that index specifies a valid position in an array, list or string of size size. A position index may range from zero to size, inclusive. 
Params:
  • index – a user-supplied index identifying a position in an array, list or string
  • size – the size of that array, list or string
  • desc – the text to use to describe this index in an error message
Throws:
Returns:the value of index
/**
   * Ensures that {@code index} specifies a valid <i>position</i> in an array, list or string of
   * size {@code size}. A position index may range from zero to {@code size}, inclusive.
   *
   * @param index a user-supplied index identifying a position in an array, list or string
   * @param size the size of that array, list or string
   * @param desc the text to use to describe this index in an error message
   * @return the value of {@code index}
   * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code index} is negative or is greater than {@code size}
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code size} is negative
   */
  @CanIgnoreReturnValue
  public static int checkPositionIndex(int index, int size, @Nullable String desc) {
    // Carefully optimized for execution by hotspot (explanatory comment above)
    if (index < 0 || index > size) {
      throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(badPositionIndex(index, size, desc));
    }
    return index;
  }

  private static String badPositionIndex(int index, int size, @Nullable String desc) {
    if (index < 0) {
      return lenientFormat("%s (%s) must not be negative", desc, index);
    } else if (size < 0) {
      throw new IllegalArgumentException("negative size: " + size);
    } else { // index > size
      return lenientFormat("%s (%s) must not be greater than size (%s)", desc, index, size);
    }
  }

  
Ensures that start and end specify a valid positions in an array, list or string of size size, and are in order. A position index may range from zero to size, inclusive. 
Params:
  • start – a user-supplied index identifying a starting position in an array, list or string
  • end – a user-supplied index identifying a ending position in an array, list or string
  • size – the size of that array, list or string
Throws:
/**
   * Ensures that {@code start} and {@code end} specify a valid <i>positions</i> in an array, list
   * or string of size {@code size}, and are in order. A position index may range from zero to
   * {@code size}, inclusive.
   *
   * @param start a user-supplied index identifying a starting position in an array, list or string
   * @param end a user-supplied index identifying a ending position in an array, list or string
   * @param size the size of that array, list or string
   * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if either index is negative or is greater than {@code size},
   *     or if {@code end} is less than {@code start}
   * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code size} is negative
   */
  public static void checkPositionIndexes(int start, int end, int size) {
    // Carefully optimized for execution by hotspot (explanatory comment above)
    if (start < 0 || end < start || end > size) {
      throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(badPositionIndexes(start, end, size));
    }
  }

  private static String badPositionIndexes(int start, int end, int size) {
    if (start < 0 || start > size) {
      return badPositionIndex(start, size, "start index");
    }
    if (end < 0 || end > size) {
      return badPositionIndex(end, size, "end index");
    }
    // end < start
    return lenientFormat("end index (%s) must not be less than start index (%s)", end, start);
  }
}