/*
 * Copyright 2002-2019 the original author or authors.
 *
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
 * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 * You may obtain a copy of the License at
 *
 *      http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 *
 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 * limitations under the License.
 */

package org.springframework.beans.factory;

import org.springframework.beans.BeansException;
import org.springframework.core.ResolvableType;
import org.springframework.lang.Nullable;

The root interface for accessing a Spring bean container. This is the basic client view of a bean container; further interfaces such as ListableBeanFactory and ConfigurableBeanFactory are available for specific purposes.

This interface is implemented by objects that hold a number of bean definitions, each uniquely identified by a String name. Depending on the bean definition, the factory will return either an independent instance of a contained object (the Prototype design pattern), or a single shared instance (a superior alternative to the Singleton design pattern, in which the instance is a singleton in the scope of the factory). Which type of instance will be returned depends on the bean factory configuration: the API is the same. Since Spring 2.0, further scopes are available depending on the concrete application context (e.g. "request" and "session" scopes in a web environment).

The point of this approach is that the BeanFactory is a central registry of application components, and centralizes configuration of application components (no more do individual objects need to read properties files, for example). See chapters 4 and 11 of "Expert One-on-One J2EE Design and Development" for a discussion of the benefits of this approach.

Note that it is generally better to rely on Dependency Injection ("push" configuration) to configure application objects through setters or constructors, rather than use any form of "pull" configuration like a BeanFactory lookup. Spring's Dependency Injection functionality is implemented using this BeanFactory interface and its subinterfaces.

Normally a BeanFactory will load bean definitions stored in a configuration source (such as an XML document), and use the org.springframework.beans package to configure the beans. However, an implementation could simply return Java objects it creates as necessary directly in Java code. There are no constraints on how the definitions could be stored: LDAP, RDBMS, XML, properties file, etc. Implementations are encouraged to support references amongst beans (Dependency Injection).

In contrast to the methods in ListableBeanFactory, all of the operations in this interface will also check parent factories if this is a HierarchicalBeanFactory. If a bean is not found in this factory instance, the immediate parent factory will be asked. Beans in this factory instance are supposed to override beans of the same name in any parent factory.

Bean factory implementations should support the standard bean lifecycle interfaces as far as possible. The full set of initialization methods and their standard order is:

  1. BeanNameAware's setBeanName
  2. BeanClassLoaderAware's setBeanClassLoader
  3. BeanFactoryAware's setBeanFactory
  4. EnvironmentAware's setEnvironment
  5. EmbeddedValueResolverAware's setEmbeddedValueResolver
  6. ResourceLoaderAware's setResourceLoader (only applicable when running in an application context)
  7. ApplicationEventPublisherAware's setApplicationEventPublisher (only applicable when running in an application context)
  8. MessageSourceAware's setMessageSource (only applicable when running in an application context)
  9. ApplicationContextAware's setApplicationContext (only applicable when running in an application context)
  10. ServletContextAware's setServletContext (only applicable when running in a web application context)
  11. postProcessBeforeInitialization methods of BeanPostProcessors
  12. InitializingBean's afterPropertiesSet
  13. a custom init-method definition
  14. postProcessAfterInitialization methods of BeanPostProcessors

On shutdown of a bean factory, the following lifecycle methods apply:

  1. postProcessBeforeDestruction methods of DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessors
  2. DisposableBean's destroy
  3. a custom destroy-method definition
Author:Rod Johnson, Juergen Hoeller, Chris Beams
See Also:
Since:13 April 2001
/** * The root interface for accessing a Spring bean container. * This is the basic client view of a bean container; * further interfaces such as {@link ListableBeanFactory} and * {@link org.springframework.beans.factory.config.ConfigurableBeanFactory} * are available for specific purposes. * * <p>This interface is implemented by objects that hold a number of bean definitions, * each uniquely identified by a String name. Depending on the bean definition, * the factory will return either an independent instance of a contained object * (the Prototype design pattern), or a single shared instance (a superior * alternative to the Singleton design pattern, in which the instance is a * singleton in the scope of the factory). Which type of instance will be returned * depends on the bean factory configuration: the API is the same. Since Spring * 2.0, further scopes are available depending on the concrete application * context (e.g. "request" and "session" scopes in a web environment). * * <p>The point of this approach is that the BeanFactory is a central registry * of application components, and centralizes configuration of application * components (no more do individual objects need to read properties files, * for example). See chapters 4 and 11 of "Expert One-on-One J2EE Design and * Development" for a discussion of the benefits of this approach. * * <p>Note that it is generally better to rely on Dependency Injection * ("push" configuration) to configure application objects through setters * or constructors, rather than use any form of "pull" configuration like a * BeanFactory lookup. Spring's Dependency Injection functionality is * implemented using this BeanFactory interface and its subinterfaces. * * <p>Normally a BeanFactory will load bean definitions stored in a configuration * source (such as an XML document), and use the {@code org.springframework.beans} * package to configure the beans. However, an implementation could simply return * Java objects it creates as necessary directly in Java code. There are no * constraints on how the definitions could be stored: LDAP, RDBMS, XML, * properties file, etc. Implementations are encouraged to support references * amongst beans (Dependency Injection). * * <p>In contrast to the methods in {@link ListableBeanFactory}, all of the * operations in this interface will also check parent factories if this is a * {@link HierarchicalBeanFactory}. If a bean is not found in this factory instance, * the immediate parent factory will be asked. Beans in this factory instance * are supposed to override beans of the same name in any parent factory. * * <p>Bean factory implementations should support the standard bean lifecycle interfaces * as far as possible. The full set of initialization methods and their standard order is: * <ol> * <li>BeanNameAware's {@code setBeanName} * <li>BeanClassLoaderAware's {@code setBeanClassLoader} * <li>BeanFactoryAware's {@code setBeanFactory} * <li>EnvironmentAware's {@code setEnvironment} * <li>EmbeddedValueResolverAware's {@code setEmbeddedValueResolver} * <li>ResourceLoaderAware's {@code setResourceLoader} * (only applicable when running in an application context) * <li>ApplicationEventPublisherAware's {@code setApplicationEventPublisher} * (only applicable when running in an application context) * <li>MessageSourceAware's {@code setMessageSource} * (only applicable when running in an application context) * <li>ApplicationContextAware's {@code setApplicationContext} * (only applicable when running in an application context) * <li>ServletContextAware's {@code setServletContext} * (only applicable when running in a web application context) * <li>{@code postProcessBeforeInitialization} methods of BeanPostProcessors * <li>InitializingBean's {@code afterPropertiesSet} * <li>a custom init-method definition * <li>{@code postProcessAfterInitialization} methods of BeanPostProcessors * </ol> * * <p>On shutdown of a bean factory, the following lifecycle methods apply: * <ol> * <li>{@code postProcessBeforeDestruction} methods of DestructionAwareBeanPostProcessors * <li>DisposableBean's {@code destroy} * <li>a custom destroy-method definition * </ol> * * @author Rod Johnson * @author Juergen Hoeller * @author Chris Beams * @since 13 April 2001 * @see BeanNameAware#setBeanName * @see BeanClassLoaderAware#setBeanClassLoader * @see BeanFactoryAware#setBeanFactory * @see org.springframework.context.ResourceLoaderAware#setResourceLoader * @see org.springframework.context.ApplicationEventPublisherAware#setApplicationEventPublisher * @see org.springframework.context.MessageSourceAware#setMessageSource * @see org.springframework.context.ApplicationContextAware#setApplicationContext * @see org.springframework.web.context.ServletContextAware#setServletContext * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor#postProcessBeforeInitialization * @see InitializingBean#afterPropertiesSet * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition#getInitMethodName * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.config.BeanPostProcessor#postProcessAfterInitialization * @see DisposableBean#destroy * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.support.RootBeanDefinition#getDestroyMethodName */
public interface BeanFactory {
Used to dereference a FactoryBean instance and distinguish it from beans created by the FactoryBean. For example, if the bean named myJndiObject is a FactoryBean, getting &myJndiObject will return the factory, not the instance returned by the factory.
/** * Used to dereference a {@link FactoryBean} instance and distinguish it from * beans <i>created</i> by the FactoryBean. For example, if the bean named * {@code myJndiObject} is a FactoryBean, getting {@code &myJndiObject} * will return the factory, not the instance returned by the factory. */
String FACTORY_BEAN_PREFIX = "&";
Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean.

This method allows a Spring BeanFactory to be used as a replacement for the Singleton or Prototype design pattern. Callers may retain references to returned objects in the case of Singleton beans.

Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name. Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Params:
  • name – the name of the bean to retrieve
Throws:
Returns:an instance of the bean
/** * Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean. * <p>This method allows a Spring BeanFactory to be used as a replacement for the * Singleton or Prototype design pattern. Callers may retain references to * returned objects in the case of Singleton beans. * <p>Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name. * Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance. * @param name the name of the bean to retrieve * @return an instance of the bean * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException if there is no bean with the specified name * @throws BeansException if the bean could not be obtained */
Object getBean(String name) throws BeansException;
Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean.

Behaves the same as getBean(String), but provides a measure of type safety by throwing a BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException if the bean is not of the required type. This means that ClassCastException can't be thrown on casting the result correctly, as can happen with getBean(String).

Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name. Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Params:
  • name – the name of the bean to retrieve
  • requiredType – type the bean must match; can be an interface or superclass
Throws:
Returns:an instance of the bean
/** * Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean. * <p>Behaves the same as {@link #getBean(String)}, but provides a measure of type * safety by throwing a BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException if the bean is not of the * required type. This means that ClassCastException can't be thrown on casting * the result correctly, as can happen with {@link #getBean(String)}. * <p>Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name. * Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance. * @param name the name of the bean to retrieve * @param requiredType type the bean must match; can be an interface or superclass * @return an instance of the bean * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException if there is no such bean definition * @throws BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException if the bean is not of the required type * @throws BeansException if the bean could not be created */
<T> T getBean(String name, Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException;
Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean.

Allows for specifying explicit constructor arguments / factory method arguments, overriding the specified default arguments (if any) in the bean definition.

Params:
  • name – the name of the bean to retrieve
  • args – arguments to use when creating a bean instance using explicit arguments (only applied when creating a new instance as opposed to retrieving an existing one)
Throws:
Returns:an instance of the bean
Since:2.5
/** * Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean. * <p>Allows for specifying explicit constructor arguments / factory method arguments, * overriding the specified default arguments (if any) in the bean definition. * @param name the name of the bean to retrieve * @param args arguments to use when creating a bean instance using explicit arguments * (only applied when creating a new instance as opposed to retrieving an existing one) * @return an instance of the bean * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException if there is no such bean definition * @throws BeanDefinitionStoreException if arguments have been given but * the affected bean isn't a prototype * @throws BeansException if the bean could not be created * @since 2.5 */
Object getBean(String name, Object... args) throws BeansException;
Return the bean instance that uniquely matches the given object type, if any.

This method goes into ListableBeanFactory by-type lookup territory but may also be translated into a conventional by-name lookup based on the name of the given type. For more extensive retrieval operations across sets of beans, use ListableBeanFactory and/or BeanFactoryUtils.

Params:
  • requiredType – type the bean must match; can be an interface or superclass
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:an instance of the single bean matching the required type
Since:3.0
/** * Return the bean instance that uniquely matches the given object type, if any. * <p>This method goes into {@link ListableBeanFactory} by-type lookup territory * but may also be translated into a conventional by-name lookup based on the name * of the given type. For more extensive retrieval operations across sets of beans, * use {@link ListableBeanFactory} and/or {@link BeanFactoryUtils}. * @param requiredType type the bean must match; can be an interface or superclass * @return an instance of the single bean matching the required type * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException if no bean of the given type was found * @throws NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException if more than one bean of the given type was found * @throws BeansException if the bean could not be created * @since 3.0 * @see ListableBeanFactory */
<T> T getBean(Class<T> requiredType) throws BeansException;
Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean.

Allows for specifying explicit constructor arguments / factory method arguments, overriding the specified default arguments (if any) in the bean definition.

This method goes into ListableBeanFactory by-type lookup territory but may also be translated into a conventional by-name lookup based on the name of the given type. For more extensive retrieval operations across sets of beans, use ListableBeanFactory and/or BeanFactoryUtils.

Params:
  • requiredType – type the bean must match; can be an interface or superclass
  • args – arguments to use when creating a bean instance using explicit arguments (only applied when creating a new instance as opposed to retrieving an existing one)
Throws:
Returns:an instance of the bean
Since:4.1
/** * Return an instance, which may be shared or independent, of the specified bean. * <p>Allows for specifying explicit constructor arguments / factory method arguments, * overriding the specified default arguments (if any) in the bean definition. * <p>This method goes into {@link ListableBeanFactory} by-type lookup territory * but may also be translated into a conventional by-name lookup based on the name * of the given type. For more extensive retrieval operations across sets of beans, * use {@link ListableBeanFactory} and/or {@link BeanFactoryUtils}. * @param requiredType type the bean must match; can be an interface or superclass * @param args arguments to use when creating a bean instance using explicit arguments * (only applied when creating a new instance as opposed to retrieving an existing one) * @return an instance of the bean * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException if there is no such bean definition * @throws BeanDefinitionStoreException if arguments have been given but * the affected bean isn't a prototype * @throws BeansException if the bean could not be created * @since 4.1 */
<T> T getBean(Class<T> requiredType, Object... args) throws BeansException;
Return an provider for the specified bean, allowing for lazy on-demand retrieval of instances, including availability and uniqueness options.
Params:
  • requiredType – type the bean must match; can be an interface or superclass
See Also:
Returns:a corresponding provider handle
Since:5.1
/** * Return an provider for the specified bean, allowing for lazy on-demand retrieval * of instances, including availability and uniqueness options. * @param requiredType type the bean must match; can be an interface or superclass * @return a corresponding provider handle * @since 5.1 * @see #getBeanProvider(ResolvableType) */
<T> ObjectProvider<T> getBeanProvider(Class<T> requiredType);
Return an provider for the specified bean, allowing for lazy on-demand retrieval of instances, including availability and uniqueness options.
Params:
  • requiredType – type the bean must match; can be a generic type declaration. Note that collection types are not supported here, in contrast to reflective injection points. For programmatically retrieving a list of beans matching a specific type, specify the actual bean type as an argument here and subsequently use ObjectProvider.orderedStream() or its lazy streaming/iteration options.
See Also:
Returns:a corresponding provider handle
Since:5.1
/** * Return an provider for the specified bean, allowing for lazy on-demand retrieval * of instances, including availability and uniqueness options. * @param requiredType type the bean must match; can be a generic type declaration. * Note that collection types are not supported here, in contrast to reflective * injection points. For programmatically retrieving a list of beans matching a * specific type, specify the actual bean type as an argument here and subsequently * use {@link ObjectProvider#orderedStream()} or its lazy streaming/iteration options. * @return a corresponding provider handle * @since 5.1 * @see ObjectProvider#iterator() * @see ObjectProvider#stream() * @see ObjectProvider#orderedStream() */
<T> ObjectProvider<T> getBeanProvider(ResolvableType requiredType);
Does this bean factory contain a bean definition or externally registered singleton instance with the given name?

If the given name is an alias, it will be translated back to the corresponding canonical bean name.

If this factory is hierarchical, will ask any parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

If a bean definition or singleton instance matching the given name is found, this method will return true whether the named bean definition is concrete or abstract, lazy or eager, in scope or not. Therefore, note that a true return value from this method does not necessarily indicate that getBean will be able to obtain an instance for the same name.

Params:
  • name – the name of the bean to query
Returns:whether a bean with the given name is present
/** * Does this bean factory contain a bean definition or externally registered singleton * instance with the given name? * <p>If the given name is an alias, it will be translated back to the corresponding * canonical bean name. * <p>If this factory is hierarchical, will ask any parent factory if the bean cannot * be found in this factory instance. * <p>If a bean definition or singleton instance matching the given name is found, * this method will return {@code true} whether the named bean definition is concrete * or abstract, lazy or eager, in scope or not. Therefore, note that a {@code true} * return value from this method does not necessarily indicate that {@link #getBean} * will be able to obtain an instance for the same name. * @param name the name of the bean to query * @return whether a bean with the given name is present */
boolean containsBean(String name);
Is this bean a shared singleton? That is, will getBean always return the same instance?

Note: This method returning false does not clearly indicate independent instances. It indicates non-singleton instances, which may correspond to a scoped bean as well. Use the isPrototype operation to explicitly check for independent instances.

Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name. Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Params:
  • name – the name of the bean to query
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:whether this bean corresponds to a singleton instance
/** * Is this bean a shared singleton? That is, will {@link #getBean} always * return the same instance? * <p>Note: This method returning {@code false} does not clearly indicate * independent instances. It indicates non-singleton instances, which may correspond * to a scoped bean as well. Use the {@link #isPrototype} operation to explicitly * check for independent instances. * <p>Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name. * Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance. * @param name the name of the bean to query * @return whether this bean corresponds to a singleton instance * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException if there is no bean with the given name * @see #getBean * @see #isPrototype */
boolean isSingleton(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
Is this bean a prototype? That is, will getBean always return independent instances?

Note: This method returning false does not clearly indicate a singleton object. It indicates non-independent instances, which may correspond to a scoped bean as well. Use the isSingleton operation to explicitly check for a shared singleton instance.

Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name. Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Params:
  • name – the name of the bean to query
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:whether this bean will always deliver independent instances
Since:2.0.3
/** * Is this bean a prototype? That is, will {@link #getBean} always return * independent instances? * <p>Note: This method returning {@code false} does not clearly indicate * a singleton object. It indicates non-independent instances, which may correspond * to a scoped bean as well. Use the {@link #isSingleton} operation to explicitly * check for a shared singleton instance. * <p>Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name. * Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance. * @param name the name of the bean to query * @return whether this bean will always deliver independent instances * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException if there is no bean with the given name * @since 2.0.3 * @see #getBean * @see #isSingleton */
boolean isPrototype(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
Check whether the bean with the given name matches the specified type. More specifically, check whether a getBean call for the given name would return an object that is assignable to the specified target type.

Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name. Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Params:
  • name – the name of the bean to query
  • typeToMatch – the type to match against (as a ResolvableType)
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:true if the bean type matches, false if it doesn't match or cannot be determined yet
Since:4.2
/** * Check whether the bean with the given name matches the specified type. * More specifically, check whether a {@link #getBean} call for the given name * would return an object that is assignable to the specified target type. * <p>Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name. * Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance. * @param name the name of the bean to query * @param typeToMatch the type to match against (as a {@code ResolvableType}) * @return {@code true} if the bean type matches, * {@code false} if it doesn't match or cannot be determined yet * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException if there is no bean with the given name * @since 4.2 * @see #getBean * @see #getType */
boolean isTypeMatch(String name, ResolvableType typeToMatch) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
Check whether the bean with the given name matches the specified type. More specifically, check whether a getBean call for the given name would return an object that is assignable to the specified target type.

Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name. Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Params:
  • name – the name of the bean to query
  • typeToMatch – the type to match against (as a Class)
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:true if the bean type matches, false if it doesn't match or cannot be determined yet
Since:2.0.1
/** * Check whether the bean with the given name matches the specified type. * More specifically, check whether a {@link #getBean} call for the given name * would return an object that is assignable to the specified target type. * <p>Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name. * Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance. * @param name the name of the bean to query * @param typeToMatch the type to match against (as a {@code Class}) * @return {@code true} if the bean type matches, * {@code false} if it doesn't match or cannot be determined yet * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException if there is no bean with the given name * @since 2.0.1 * @see #getBean * @see #getType */
boolean isTypeMatch(String name, Class<?> typeToMatch) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
Determine the type of the bean with the given name. More specifically, determine the type of object that getBean would return for the given name.

For a FactoryBean, return the type of object that the FactoryBean creates, as exposed by FactoryBean.getObjectType().

Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name. Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Params:
  • name – the name of the bean to query
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the type of the bean, or null if not determinable
Since:1.1.2
/** * Determine the type of the bean with the given name. More specifically, * determine the type of object that {@link #getBean} would return for the given name. * <p>For a {@link FactoryBean}, return the type of object that the FactoryBean creates, * as exposed by {@link FactoryBean#getObjectType()}. * <p>Translates aliases back to the corresponding canonical bean name. * Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance. * @param name the name of the bean to query * @return the type of the bean, or {@code null} if not determinable * @throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException if there is no bean with the given name * @since 1.1.2 * @see #getBean * @see #isTypeMatch */
@Nullable Class<?> getType(String name) throws NoSuchBeanDefinitionException;
Return the aliases for the given bean name, if any. All of those aliases point to the same bean when used in a getBean call.

If the given name is an alias, the corresponding original bean name and other aliases (if any) will be returned, with the original bean name being the first element in the array.

Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance.

Params:
  • name – the bean name to check for aliases
See Also:
Returns:the aliases, or an empty array if none
/** * Return the aliases for the given bean name, if any. * All of those aliases point to the same bean when used in a {@link #getBean} call. * <p>If the given name is an alias, the corresponding original bean name * and other aliases (if any) will be returned, with the original bean name * being the first element in the array. * <p>Will ask the parent factory if the bean cannot be found in this factory instance. * @param name the bean name to check for aliases * @return the aliases, or an empty array if none * @see #getBean */
String[] getAliases(String name); }