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package java.sql;

import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import static java.util.stream.Collectors.joining;

The object used for executing a static SQL statement
and returning the results it produces.

By default, only one ResultSet object per Statement
object can be open at the same time. Therefore, if the reading of one
ResultSet object is interleaved
with the reading of another, each must have been generated by
different Statement objects. All execution methods in the
Statement interface implicitly close a current
ResultSet object of the statement if an open one exists.
See Also:
createStatement.createStatement
ResultSet
Since:
1.1/**
 * <P>The object used for executing a static SQL statement
 * and returning the results it produces.
 * <P>
 * By default, only one <code>ResultSet</code> object per <code>Statement</code>
 * object can be open at the same time. Therefore, if the reading of one
 * <code>ResultSet</code> object is interleaved
 * with the reading of another, each must have been generated by
 * different <code>Statement</code> objects. All execution methods in the
 * <code>Statement</code> interface implicitly close a current
 * <code>ResultSet</code> object of the statement if an open one exists.
 *
 * @see Connection#createStatement
 * @see ResultSet
 * @since 1.1
 */
public interface Statement extends Wrapper, AutoCloseable {

    
Executes the given SQL statement, which returns a single
ResultSet object.

Note:This method cannot be called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.
Params:
sql – an SQL statement to be sent to the database, typically a
       static SQL SELECT statement
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement, the given
           SQL statement produces anything other than a single
           ResultSet object, the method is called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
SQLTimeoutException – when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
Returns:
a ResultSet object that contains the data produced
        by the given query; never null/**
     * Executes the given SQL statement, which returns a single
     * <code>ResultSet</code> object.
     *<p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong>This method cannot be called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>.
     * @param sql an SQL statement to be sent to the database, typically a
     *        static SQL <code>SELECT</code> statement
     * @return a <code>ResultSet</code> object that contains the data produced
     *         by the given query; never <code>null</code>
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>, the given
     *            SQL statement produces anything other than a single
     *            <code>ResultSet</code> object, the method is called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>
     * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the
     * timeout value that was specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout}
     * method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel
     * the currently running {@code Statement}
     */
    ResultSet executeQuery(String sql) throws SQLException;

    
Executes the given SQL statement, which may be an INSERT,
UPDATE, or DELETE statement or an
SQL statement that returns nothing, such as an SQL DDL statement.

Note:This method cannot be called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.
Params:
sql – an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as INSERT, UPDATE or
DELETE; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
such as a DDL statement.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement, the given
SQL statement produces a ResultSet object, the method is called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
SQLTimeoutException – when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
Returns:
either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements
        or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing/**
     * Executes the given SQL statement, which may be an <code>INSERT</code>,
     * <code>UPDATE</code>, or <code>DELETE</code> statement or an
     * SQL statement that returns nothing, such as an SQL DDL statement.
     *<p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong>This method cannot be called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>.
     * @param sql an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as <code>INSERT</code>, <code>UPDATE</code> or
     * <code>DELETE</code>; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
     * such as a DDL statement.
     *
     * @return either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements
     *         or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
     *
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>, the given
     * SQL statement produces a <code>ResultSet</code> object, the method is called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>
     * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the
     * timeout value that was specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout}
     * method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel
     * the currently running {@code Statement}
     */
    int executeUpdate(String sql) throws SQLException;

    
Releases this Statement object's database
and JDBC resources immediately instead of waiting for
this to happen when it is automatically closed.
It is generally good practice to release resources as soon as
you are finished with them to avoid tying up database
resources.

Calling the method close on a Statement
object that is already closed has no effect.

Note:When a Statement object is
closed, its current ResultSet object, if one exists, is
also closed.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs/**
     * Releases this <code>Statement</code> object's database
     * and JDBC resources immediately instead of waiting for
     * this to happen when it is automatically closed.
     * It is generally good practice to release resources as soon as
     * you are finished with them to avoid tying up database
     * resources.
     * <P>
     * Calling the method <code>close</code> on a <code>Statement</code>
     * object that is already closed has no effect.
     * <P>
     * <B>Note:</B>When a <code>Statement</code> object is
     * closed, its current <code>ResultSet</code> object, if one exists, is
     * also closed.
     *
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs
     */
    void close() throws SQLException;

    //----------------------------------------------------------------------

    
Retrieves the maximum number of bytes that can be
returned for character and binary column values in a ResultSet
object produced by this Statement object.
This limit applies only to  BINARY, VARBINARY,
LONGVARBINARY, CHAR, VARCHAR,
NCHAR, NVARCHAR, LONGNVARCHAR
and LONGVARCHAR columns.  If the limit is exceeded, the
excess data is silently discarded.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
See Also:
setMaxFieldSize
Returns:
the current column size limit for columns storing character and
        binary values; zero means there is no limit/**
     * Retrieves the maximum number of bytes that can be
     * returned for character and binary column values in a <code>ResultSet</code>
     * object produced by this <code>Statement</code> object.
     * This limit applies only to  <code>BINARY</code>, <code>VARBINARY</code>,
     * <code>LONGVARBINARY</code>, <code>CHAR</code>, <code>VARCHAR</code>,
     * <code>NCHAR</code>, <code>NVARCHAR</code>, <code>LONGNVARCHAR</code>
     * and <code>LONGVARCHAR</code> columns.  If the limit is exceeded, the
     * excess data is silently discarded.
     *
     * @return the current column size limit for columns storing character and
     *         binary values; zero means there is no limit
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * @see #setMaxFieldSize
     */
    int getMaxFieldSize() throws SQLException;

    
Sets the limit for the maximum number of bytes that can be returned for
character and binary column values in a ResultSet
object produced by this Statement object.
This limit applies
only to BINARY, VARBINARY,
LONGVARBINARY, CHAR, VARCHAR,
NCHAR, NVARCHAR, LONGNVARCHAR and
LONGVARCHAR fields.  If the limit is exceeded, the excess data
is silently discarded. For maximum portability, use values
greater than 256.
Params:
max – the new column size limit in bytes; zero means there is no limit
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement or the condition max >= 0 is not satisfied
See Also:
getMaxFieldSize/**
     * Sets the limit for the maximum number of bytes that can be returned for
     * character and binary column values in a <code>ResultSet</code>
     * object produced by this <code>Statement</code> object.
     *
     * This limit applies
     * only to <code>BINARY</code>, <code>VARBINARY</code>,
     * <code>LONGVARBINARY</code>, <code>CHAR</code>, <code>VARCHAR</code>,
     * <code>NCHAR</code>, <code>NVARCHAR</code>, <code>LONGNVARCHAR</code> and
     * <code>LONGVARCHAR</code> fields.  If the limit is exceeded, the excess data
     * is silently discarded. For maximum portability, use values
     * greater than 256.
     *
     * @param max the new column size limit in bytes; zero means there is no limit
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     *            or the condition {@code max >= 0} is not satisfied
     * @see #getMaxFieldSize
     */
    void setMaxFieldSize(int max) throws SQLException;

    
Retrieves the maximum number of rows that a
ResultSet object produced by this
Statement object can contain.  If this limit is exceeded,
the excess rows are silently dropped.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
See Also:
setMaxRows
Returns:
the current maximum number of rows for a ResultSet
        object produced by this Statement object;
        zero means there is no limit/**
     * Retrieves the maximum number of rows that a
     * <code>ResultSet</code> object produced by this
     * <code>Statement</code> object can contain.  If this limit is exceeded,
     * the excess rows are silently dropped.
     *
     * @return the current maximum number of rows for a <code>ResultSet</code>
     *         object produced by this <code>Statement</code> object;
     *         zero means there is no limit
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * @see #setMaxRows
     */
    int getMaxRows() throws SQLException;

    
Sets the limit for the maximum number of rows that any
ResultSet object  generated by this Statement
object can contain to the given number.
If the limit is exceeded, the excess
rows are silently dropped.
Params:
max – the new max rows limit; zero means there is no limit
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement or the condition max >= 0 is not satisfied
See Also:
getMaxRows/**
     * Sets the limit for the maximum number of rows that any
     * <code>ResultSet</code> object  generated by this <code>Statement</code>
     * object can contain to the given number.
     * If the limit is exceeded, the excess
     * rows are silently dropped.
     *
     * @param max the new max rows limit; zero means there is no limit
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     *            or the condition {@code max >= 0} is not satisfied
     * @see #getMaxRows
     */
    void setMaxRows(int max) throws SQLException;

    
Sets escape processing on or off.
If escape scanning is on (the default), the driver will do
escape substitution before sending the SQL statement to the database.
 The Connection and DataSource property escapeProcessing may be used to change the default escape processing behavior. A value of true (the default) enables escape Processing for all Statement objects. A value of false disables escape processing for all Statement objects. The setEscapeProcessing method may be used to specify the escape processing behavior for an individual Statement object. 

Note: Since prepared statements have usually been parsed prior
to making this call, disabling escape processing for
PreparedStatements objects will have no effect.
Params:
enable – true to enable escape processing;
      false to disable it
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement/**
     * Sets escape processing on or off.
     * If escape scanning is on (the default), the driver will do
     * escape substitution before sending the SQL statement to the database.
     *<p>
     * The {@code Connection} and {@code DataSource} property
     * {@code escapeProcessing} may be used to change the default escape processing
     * behavior.  A value of true (the default) enables escape Processing for
     * all {@code Statement} objects. A value of false disables escape processing
     * for all {@code Statement} objects.  The {@code setEscapeProcessing}
     * method may be used to specify the escape processing behavior for an
     * individual {@code Statement} object.
     * <p>
     * Note: Since prepared statements have usually been parsed prior
     * to making this call, disabling escape processing for
     * <code>PreparedStatements</code> objects will have no effect.
     *
     * @param enable <code>true</code> to enable escape processing;
     *       <code>false</code> to disable it
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     */
    void setEscapeProcessing(boolean enable) throws SQLException;

    
Retrieves the number of seconds the driver will
wait for a Statement object to execute.
If the limit is exceeded, a
SQLException is thrown.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
See Also:
setQueryTimeout
Returns:
the current query timeout limit in seconds; zero means there is
        no limit/**
     * Retrieves the number of seconds the driver will
     * wait for a <code>Statement</code> object to execute.
     * If the limit is exceeded, a
     * <code>SQLException</code> is thrown.
     *
     * @return the current query timeout limit in seconds; zero means there is
     *         no limit
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * @see #setQueryTimeout
     */
    int getQueryTimeout() throws SQLException;

    
Sets the number of seconds the driver will wait for a
Statement object to execute to the given number of seconds.
By default there is no limit on the amount of time allowed for a running
statement to complete. If the limit is exceeded, an
SQLTimeoutException is thrown.
A JDBC driver must apply this limit to the execute,
executeQuery and executeUpdate methods.

Note: JDBC driver implementations may also apply this limit to ResultSet methods (consult your driver vendor documentation for details). 

Note: In the case of Statement batching, it is implementation defined as to whether the time-out is applied to individual SQL commands added via the addBatch method or to the entire batch of SQL commands invoked by the executeBatch method (consult your driver vendor documentation for details). 
Params:
seconds – the new query timeout limit in seconds; zero means
       there is no limit
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement or the condition seconds >= 0 is not satisfied
See Also:
getQueryTimeout/**
     * Sets the number of seconds the driver will wait for a
     * <code>Statement</code> object to execute to the given number of seconds.
     *By default there is no limit on the amount of time allowed for a running
     * statement to complete. If the limit is exceeded, an
     * <code>SQLTimeoutException</code> is thrown.
     * A JDBC driver must apply this limit to the <code>execute</code>,
     * <code>executeQuery</code> and <code>executeUpdate</code> methods.
     * <p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong> JDBC driver implementations may also apply this
     * limit to {@code ResultSet} methods
     * (consult your driver vendor documentation for details).
     * <p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong> In the case of {@code Statement} batching, it is
     * implementation defined as to whether the time-out is applied to
     * individual SQL commands added via the {@code addBatch} method or to
     * the entire batch of SQL commands invoked by the {@code executeBatch}
     * method (consult your driver vendor documentation for details).
     *
     * @param seconds the new query timeout limit in seconds; zero means
     *        there is no limit
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     *            or the condition {@code seconds >= 0} is not satisfied
     * @see #getQueryTimeout
     */
    void setQueryTimeout(int seconds) throws SQLException;

    
Cancels this Statement object if both the DBMS and
driver support aborting an SQL statement.
This method can be used by one thread to cancel a statement that
is being executed by another thread.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
SQLFeatureNotSupportedException – if the JDBC driver does not support
this method/**
     * Cancels this <code>Statement</code> object if both the DBMS and
     * driver support aborting an SQL statement.
     * This method can be used by one thread to cancel a statement that
     * is being executed by another thread.
     *
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * @exception SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support
     * this method
     */
    void cancel() throws SQLException;

    
Retrieves the first warning reported by calls on this Statement object.
Subsequent Statement object warnings will be chained to this
SQLWarning object.
The warning chain is automatically cleared each time
a statement is (re)executed. This method may not be called on a closed
Statement object; doing so will cause an SQLException
to be thrown.
Note: If you are processing a ResultSet object, any
warnings associated with reads on that ResultSet object
will be chained on it rather than on the Statement
object that produced it.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
Returns:
the first SQLWarning object or null
        if there are no warnings/**
     * Retrieves the first warning reported by calls on this <code>Statement</code> object.
     * Subsequent <code>Statement</code> object warnings will be chained to this
     * <code>SQLWarning</code> object.
     *
     * <p>The warning chain is automatically cleared each time
     * a statement is (re)executed. This method may not be called on a closed
     * <code>Statement</code> object; doing so will cause an <code>SQLException</code>
     * to be thrown.
     *
     * <P><B>Note:</B> If you are processing a <code>ResultSet</code> object, any
     * warnings associated with reads on that <code>ResultSet</code> object
     * will be chained on it rather than on the <code>Statement</code>
     * object that produced it.
     *
     * @return the first <code>SQLWarning</code> object or <code>null</code>
     *         if there are no warnings
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     */
    SQLWarning getWarnings() throws SQLException;

    
Clears all the warnings reported on this Statement
object. After a call to this method,
the method getWarnings will return
null until a new warning is reported for this
Statement object.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement/**
     * Clears all the warnings reported on this <code>Statement</code>
     * object. After a call to this method,
     * the method <code>getWarnings</code> will return
     * <code>null</code> until a new warning is reported for this
     * <code>Statement</code> object.
     *
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     */
    void clearWarnings() throws SQLException;

    
Sets the SQL cursor name to the given String, which
will be used by subsequent Statement object
execute methods. This name can then be
used in SQL positioned update or delete statements to identify the
current row in the ResultSet object generated by this
statement.  If the database does not support positioned update/delete,
this method is a noop.  To insure that a cursor has the proper isolation
level to support updates, the cursor's SELECT statement
should have the form SELECT FOR UPDATE.  If
FOR UPDATE is not present, positioned updates may fail.
Note: By definition, the execution of positioned updates and
deletes must be done by a different Statement object than
the one that generated the ResultSet object being used for
positioning. Also, cursor names must be unique within a connection.
Params:
name – the new cursor name, which must be unique within
            a connection
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
SQLFeatureNotSupportedException –  if the JDBC driver does not support this method/**
     * Sets the SQL cursor name to the given <code>String</code>, which
     * will be used by subsequent <code>Statement</code> object
     * <code>execute</code> methods. This name can then be
     * used in SQL positioned update or delete statements to identify the
     * current row in the <code>ResultSet</code> object generated by this
     * statement.  If the database does not support positioned update/delete,
     * this method is a noop.  To insure that a cursor has the proper isolation
     * level to support updates, the cursor's <code>SELECT</code> statement
     * should have the form <code>SELECT FOR UPDATE</code>.  If
     * <code>FOR UPDATE</code> is not present, positioned updates may fail.
     *
     * <P><B>Note:</B> By definition, the execution of positioned updates and
     * deletes must be done by a different <code>Statement</code> object than
     * the one that generated the <code>ResultSet</code> object being used for
     * positioning. Also, cursor names must be unique within a connection.
     *
     * @param name the new cursor name, which must be unique within
     *             a connection
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException  if the JDBC driver does not support this method
     */
    void setCursorName(String name) throws SQLException;

    //----------------------- Multiple Results --------------------------

    
Executes the given SQL statement, which may return multiple results.
In some (uncommon) situations, a single SQL statement may return
multiple result sets and/or update counts.  Normally you can ignore
this unless you are (1) executing a stored procedure that you know may
return multiple results or (2) you are dynamically executing an
unknown SQL string.

The execute method executes an SQL statement and indicates the
form of the first result.  You must then use the methods
getResultSet or getUpdateCount
to retrieve the result, and getMoreResults to
move to any subsequent result(s).

Note:This method cannot be called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.
Params:
sql – any SQL statement
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement,
the method is called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
SQLTimeoutException – when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
See Also:
getResultSet
getUpdateCount
getMoreResults
Returns:
true if the first result is a ResultSet
        object; false if it is an update count or there are
        no results/**
     * Executes the given SQL statement, which may return multiple results.
     * In some (uncommon) situations, a single SQL statement may return
     * multiple result sets and/or update counts.  Normally you can ignore
     * this unless you are (1) executing a stored procedure that you know may
     * return multiple results or (2) you are dynamically executing an
     * unknown SQL string.
     * <P>
     * The <code>execute</code> method executes an SQL statement and indicates the
     * form of the first result.  You must then use the methods
     * <code>getResultSet</code> or <code>getUpdateCount</code>
     * to retrieve the result, and <code>getMoreResults</code> to
     * move to any subsequent result(s).
     * <p>
     *<strong>Note:</strong>This method cannot be called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>.
     * @param sql any SQL statement
     * @return <code>true</code> if the first result is a <code>ResultSet</code>
     *         object; <code>false</code> if it is an update count or there are
     *         no results
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>,
     * the method is called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>
     * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the
     * timeout value that was specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout}
     * method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel
     * the currently running {@code Statement}
     * @see #getResultSet
     * @see #getUpdateCount
     * @see #getMoreResults
     */
    boolean execute(String sql) throws SQLException;

    
 Retrieves the current result as a ResultSet object.
 This method should be called only once per result.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
See Also:
execute
Returns:
the current result as a ResultSet object or
null if the result is an update count or there are no more results/**
     *  Retrieves the current result as a <code>ResultSet</code> object.
     *  This method should be called only once per result.
     *
     * @return the current result as a <code>ResultSet</code> object or
     * <code>null</code> if the result is an update count or there are no more results
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * @see #execute
     */
    ResultSet getResultSet() throws SQLException;

    
 Retrieves the current result as an update count;
 if the result is a ResultSet object or there are no more results, -1
 is returned. This method should be called only once per result.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
See Also:
execute
Returns:
the current result as an update count; -1 if the current result is a
ResultSet object or there are no more results/**
     *  Retrieves the current result as an update count;
     *  if the result is a <code>ResultSet</code> object or there are no more results, -1
     *  is returned. This method should be called only once per result.
     *
     * @return the current result as an update count; -1 if the current result is a
     * <code>ResultSet</code> object or there are no more results
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * @see #execute
     */
    int getUpdateCount() throws SQLException;

    
Moves to this Statement object's next result, returns
true if it is a ResultSet object, and
implicitly closes any current ResultSet
object(s) obtained with the method getResultSet.
There are no more results when the following is true:

    // stmt is a Statement object
    ((stmt.getMoreResults() == false) && (stmt.getUpdateCount() == -1))

Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
See Also:
execute
Returns:
true if the next result is a ResultSet
        object; false if it is an update count or there are
        no more results/**
     * Moves to this <code>Statement</code> object's next result, returns
     * <code>true</code> if it is a <code>ResultSet</code> object, and
     * implicitly closes any current <code>ResultSet</code>
     * object(s) obtained with the method <code>getResultSet</code>.
     *
     * <P>There are no more results when the following is true:
     * <PRE>{@code
     *     // stmt is a Statement object
     *     ((stmt.getMoreResults() == false) && (stmt.getUpdateCount() == -1))
     * }</PRE>
     *
     * @return <code>true</code> if the next result is a <code>ResultSet</code>
     *         object; <code>false</code> if it is an update count or there are
     *         no more results
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * @see #execute
     */
    boolean getMoreResults() throws SQLException;


    //--------------------------JDBC 2.0-----------------------------


    
Gives the driver a hint as to the direction in which
rows will be processed in ResultSet
objects created using this Statement object.  The
default value is ResultSet.FETCH_FORWARD.

Note that this method sets the default fetch direction for
result sets generated by this Statement object.
Each result set has its own methods for getting and setting
its own fetch direction.
Params:
direction – the initial direction for processing rows
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement
or the given direction
is not one of ResultSet.FETCH_FORWARD,
ResultSet.FETCH_REVERSE, or ResultSet.FETCH_UNKNOWN
See Also:
getFetchDirection
Since:
1.2/**
     * Gives the driver a hint as to the direction in which
     * rows will be processed in <code>ResultSet</code>
     * objects created using this <code>Statement</code> object.  The
     * default value is <code>ResultSet.FETCH_FORWARD</code>.
     * <P>
     * Note that this method sets the default fetch direction for
     * result sets generated by this <code>Statement</code> object.
     * Each result set has its own methods for getting and setting
     * its own fetch direction.
     *
     * @param direction the initial direction for processing rows
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * or the given direction
     * is not one of <code>ResultSet.FETCH_FORWARD</code>,
     * <code>ResultSet.FETCH_REVERSE</code>, or <code>ResultSet.FETCH_UNKNOWN</code>
     * @since 1.2
     * @see #getFetchDirection
     */
    void setFetchDirection(int direction) throws SQLException;

    
Retrieves the direction for fetching rows from
database tables that is the default for result sets
generated from this Statement object.
If this Statement object has not set
a fetch direction by calling the method setFetchDirection,
the return value is implementation-specific.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
See Also:
setFetchDirection
Returns:
the default fetch direction for result sets generated
         from this Statement object
Since:
1.2/**
     * Retrieves the direction for fetching rows from
     * database tables that is the default for result sets
     * generated from this <code>Statement</code> object.
     * If this <code>Statement</code> object has not set
     * a fetch direction by calling the method <code>setFetchDirection</code>,
     * the return value is implementation-specific.
     *
     * @return the default fetch direction for result sets generated
     *          from this <code>Statement</code> object
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * @since 1.2
     * @see #setFetchDirection
     */
    int getFetchDirection() throws SQLException;

    
Gives the JDBC driver a hint as to the number of rows that should
be fetched from the database when more rows are needed for
ResultSet objects generated by this Statement.
If the value specified is zero, then the hint is ignored.
The default value is zero.
Params:
rows – the number of rows to fetch
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement or the condition rows >= 0 is not satisfied.
See Also:
getFetchSize
Since:
1.2/**
     * Gives the JDBC driver a hint as to the number of rows that should
     * be fetched from the database when more rows are needed for
     * <code>ResultSet</code> objects generated by this <code>Statement</code>.
     * If the value specified is zero, then the hint is ignored.
     * The default value is zero.
     *
     * @param rows the number of rows to fetch
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code> or the
     *        condition {@code rows >= 0} is not satisfied.
     * @since 1.2
     * @see #getFetchSize
     */
    void setFetchSize(int rows) throws SQLException;

    
Retrieves the number of result set rows that is the default
fetch size for ResultSet objects
generated from this Statement object.
If this Statement object has not set
a fetch size by calling the method setFetchSize,
the return value is implementation-specific.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
See Also:
setFetchSize
Returns:
the default fetch size for result sets generated
         from this Statement object
Since:
1.2/**
     * Retrieves the number of result set rows that is the default
     * fetch size for <code>ResultSet</code> objects
     * generated from this <code>Statement</code> object.
     * If this <code>Statement</code> object has not set
     * a fetch size by calling the method <code>setFetchSize</code>,
     * the return value is implementation-specific.
     *
     * @return the default fetch size for result sets generated
     *          from this <code>Statement</code> object
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * @since 1.2
     * @see #setFetchSize
     */
    int getFetchSize() throws SQLException;

    
Retrieves the result set concurrency for ResultSet objects
generated by this Statement object.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
Returns:
either ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY or
ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE
Since:
1.2/**
     * Retrieves the result set concurrency for <code>ResultSet</code> objects
     * generated by this <code>Statement</code> object.
     *
     * @return either <code>ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY</code> or
     * <code>ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE</code>
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * @since 1.2
     */
    int getResultSetConcurrency() throws SQLException;

    
Retrieves the result set type for ResultSet objects
generated by this Statement object.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
Returns:
one of ResultSet.TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY,
ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE, or
ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE
Since:
1.2/**
     * Retrieves the result set type for <code>ResultSet</code> objects
     * generated by this <code>Statement</code> object.
     *
     * @return one of <code>ResultSet.TYPE_FORWARD_ONLY</code>,
     * <code>ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE</code>, or
     * <code>ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_SENSITIVE</code>
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * @since 1.2
     */
    int getResultSetType()  throws SQLException;

    
Adds the given SQL command to the current list of commands for this
Statement object. The commands in this list can be
executed as a batch by calling the method executeBatch.

Note:This method cannot be called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.
Params:
sql – typically this is a SQL INSERT or
UPDATE statement
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement, the
driver does not support batch updates, the method is called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
See Also:
executeBatch
DatabaseMetaData.supportsBatchUpdates
Since:
1.2/**
     * Adds the given SQL command to the current list of commands for this
     * <code>Statement</code> object. The commands in this list can be
     * executed as a batch by calling the method <code>executeBatch</code>.
     * <P>
     *<strong>Note:</strong>This method cannot be called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>.
     * @param sql typically this is a SQL <code>INSERT</code> or
     * <code>UPDATE</code> statement
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>, the
     * driver does not support batch updates, the method is called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>
     * @see #executeBatch
     * @see DatabaseMetaData#supportsBatchUpdates
     * @since 1.2
     */
    void addBatch( String sql ) throws SQLException;

    
Empties this Statement object's current list of
SQL commands.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
 this method is called on a closed Statement or the
driver does not support batch updates
See Also:
addBatch
DatabaseMetaData.supportsBatchUpdates
Since:
1.2/**
     * Empties this <code>Statement</code> object's current list of
     * SQL commands.
     *
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     *  this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code> or the
     * driver does not support batch updates
     * @see #addBatch
     * @see DatabaseMetaData#supportsBatchUpdates
     * @since 1.2
     */
    void clearBatch() throws SQLException;

    
Submits a batch of commands to the database for execution and
if all commands execute successfully, returns an array of update counts.
The int elements of the array that is returned are ordered
to correspond to the commands in the batch, which are ordered
according to the order in which they were added to the batch.
The elements in the array returned by the method executeBatch
may be one of the following:

A number greater than or equal to zero -- indicates that the
command was processed successfully and is an update count giving the
number of rows in the database that were affected by the command's
execution
A value of SUCCESS_NO_INFO -- indicates that the command was
processed successfully but that the number of rows affected is
unknown

If one of the commands in a batch update fails to execute properly,
this method throws a BatchUpdateException, and a JDBC
driver may or may not continue to process the remaining commands in
the batch.  However, the driver's behavior must be consistent with a
particular DBMS, either always continuing to process commands or never
continuing to process commands.  If the driver continues processing
after a failure, the array returned by the method
BatchUpdateException.getUpdateCounts
will contain as many elements as there are commands in the batch, and
at least one of the elements will be the following:
A value of EXECUTE_FAILED -- indicates that the command failed
to execute successfully and occurs only if a driver continues to
process commands after a command fails


The possible implementations and return values have been modified in
the Java 2 SDK, Standard Edition, version 1.3 to
accommodate the option of continuing to process commands in a batch
update after a BatchUpdateException object has been thrown.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement or the driver does not support batch statements. Throws BatchUpdateException (a subclass of SQLException) if one of the commands sent to the
database fails to execute properly or attempts to return a result set.
SQLTimeoutException – when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
See Also:
addBatch
DatabaseMetaData.supportsBatchUpdates
Returns:
an array of update counts containing one element for each
command in the batch.  The elements of the array are ordered according
to the order in which commands were added to the batch.
Since:
1.2/**
     * Submits a batch of commands to the database for execution and
     * if all commands execute successfully, returns an array of update counts.
     * The <code>int</code> elements of the array that is returned are ordered
     * to correspond to the commands in the batch, which are ordered
     * according to the order in which they were added to the batch.
     * The elements in the array returned by the method <code>executeBatch</code>
     * may be one of the following:
     * <OL>
     * <LI>A number greater than or equal to zero -- indicates that the
     * command was processed successfully and is an update count giving the
     * number of rows in the database that were affected by the command's
     * execution
     * <LI>A value of <code>SUCCESS_NO_INFO</code> -- indicates that the command was
     * processed successfully but that the number of rows affected is
     * unknown
     * <P>
     * If one of the commands in a batch update fails to execute properly,
     * this method throws a <code>BatchUpdateException</code>, and a JDBC
     * driver may or may not continue to process the remaining commands in
     * the batch.  However, the driver's behavior must be consistent with a
     * particular DBMS, either always continuing to process commands or never
     * continuing to process commands.  If the driver continues processing
     * after a failure, the array returned by the method
     * <code>BatchUpdateException.getUpdateCounts</code>
     * will contain as many elements as there are commands in the batch, and
     * at least one of the elements will be the following:
     *
     * <LI>A value of <code>EXECUTE_FAILED</code> -- indicates that the command failed
     * to execute successfully and occurs only if a driver continues to
     * process commands after a command fails
     * </OL>
     * <P>
     * The possible implementations and return values have been modified in
     * the Java 2 SDK, Standard Edition, version 1.3 to
     * accommodate the option of continuing to process commands in a batch
     * update after a <code>BatchUpdateException</code> object has been thrown.
     *
     * @return an array of update counts containing one element for each
     * command in the batch.  The elements of the array are ordered according
     * to the order in which commands were added to the batch.
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code> or the
     * driver does not support batch statements. Throws {@link BatchUpdateException}
     * (a subclass of <code>SQLException</code>) if one of the commands sent to the
     * database fails to execute properly or attempts to return a result set.
     * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the
     * timeout value that was specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout}
     * method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel
     * the currently running {@code Statement}
     *
     * @see #addBatch
     * @see DatabaseMetaData#supportsBatchUpdates
     * @since 1.2
     */
    int[] executeBatch() throws SQLException;

    
Retrieves the Connection object
that produced this Statement object.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
Returns:
the connection that produced this statement
Since:
1.2/**
     * Retrieves the <code>Connection</code> object
     * that produced this <code>Statement</code> object.
     * @return the connection that produced this statement
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * @since 1.2
     */
    Connection getConnection()  throws SQLException;

  //--------------------------JDBC 3.0-----------------------------

    
The constant indicating that the current ResultSet object
should be closed when calling getMoreResults.
Since:
1.4/**
     * The constant indicating that the current <code>ResultSet</code> object
     * should be closed when calling <code>getMoreResults</code>.
     *
     * @since 1.4
     */
    int CLOSE_CURRENT_RESULT = 1;

    
The constant indicating that the current ResultSet object
should not be closed when calling getMoreResults.
Since:
1.4/**
     * The constant indicating that the current <code>ResultSet</code> object
     * should not be closed when calling <code>getMoreResults</code>.
     *
     * @since 1.4
     */
    int KEEP_CURRENT_RESULT = 2;

    
The constant indicating that all ResultSet objects that
have previously been kept open should be closed when calling
getMoreResults.
Since:
1.4/**
     * The constant indicating that all <code>ResultSet</code> objects that
     * have previously been kept open should be closed when calling
     * <code>getMoreResults</code>.
     *
     * @since 1.4
     */
    int CLOSE_ALL_RESULTS = 3;

    
The constant indicating that a batch statement executed successfully
but that no count of the number of rows it affected is available.
Since:
1.4/**
     * The constant indicating that a batch statement executed successfully
     * but that no count of the number of rows it affected is available.
     *
     * @since 1.4
     */
    int SUCCESS_NO_INFO = -2;

    
The constant indicating that an error occurred while executing a
batch statement.
Since:
1.4/**
     * The constant indicating that an error occurred while executing a
     * batch statement.
     *
     * @since 1.4
     */
    int EXECUTE_FAILED = -3;

    
The constant indicating that generated keys should be made
available for retrieval.
Since:
1.4/**
     * The constant indicating that generated keys should be made
     * available for retrieval.
     *
     * @since 1.4
     */
    int RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS = 1;

    
The constant indicating that generated keys should not be made
available for retrieval.
Since:
1.4/**
     * The constant indicating that generated keys should not be made
     * available for retrieval.
     *
     * @since 1.4
     */
    int NO_GENERATED_KEYS = 2;

    
Moves to this Statement object's next result, deals with
any current ResultSet object(s) according  to the instructions
specified by the given flag, and returns
true if the next result is a ResultSet object.
There are no more results when the following is true:

    // stmt is a Statement object
    ((stmt.getMoreResults(current) == false) && (stmt.getUpdateCount() == -1))

Params:
current – one of the following Statement
       constants indicating what should happen to current
       ResultSet objects obtained using the method
       getResultSet:
       Statement.CLOSE_CURRENT_RESULT,
       Statement.KEEP_CURRENT_RESULT, or
       Statement.CLOSE_ALL_RESULTS
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement or the argument
        supplied is not one of the following:
       Statement.CLOSE_CURRENT_RESULT,
       Statement.KEEP_CURRENT_RESULT or
       Statement.CLOSE_ALL_RESULTS
SQLFeatureNotSupportedException – if
DatabaseMetaData.supportsMultipleOpenResults returns
false and either
       Statement.KEEP_CURRENT_RESULT or
       Statement.CLOSE_ALL_RESULTS are supplied as
the argument.
See Also:
execute
Returns:
true if the next result is a ResultSet
        object; false if it is an update count or there are no
        more results
Since:
1.4/**
     * Moves to this <code>Statement</code> object's next result, deals with
     * any current <code>ResultSet</code> object(s) according  to the instructions
     * specified by the given flag, and returns
     * <code>true</code> if the next result is a <code>ResultSet</code> object.
     *
     * <P>There are no more results when the following is true:
     * <PRE>{@code
     *     // stmt is a Statement object
     *     ((stmt.getMoreResults(current) == false) && (stmt.getUpdateCount() == -1))
     * }</PRE>
     *
     * @param current one of the following <code>Statement</code>
     *        constants indicating what should happen to current
     *        <code>ResultSet</code> objects obtained using the method
     *        <code>getResultSet</code>:
     *        <code>Statement.CLOSE_CURRENT_RESULT</code>,
     *        <code>Statement.KEEP_CURRENT_RESULT</code>, or
     *        <code>Statement.CLOSE_ALL_RESULTS</code>
     * @return <code>true</code> if the next result is a <code>ResultSet</code>
     *         object; <code>false</code> if it is an update count or there are no
     *         more results
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code> or the argument
     *         supplied is not one of the following:
     *        <code>Statement.CLOSE_CURRENT_RESULT</code>,
     *        <code>Statement.KEEP_CURRENT_RESULT</code> or
     *        <code>Statement.CLOSE_ALL_RESULTS</code>
     *@exception SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if
     * <code>DatabaseMetaData.supportsMultipleOpenResults</code> returns
     * <code>false</code> and either
     *        <code>Statement.KEEP_CURRENT_RESULT</code> or
     *        <code>Statement.CLOSE_ALL_RESULTS</code> are supplied as
     * the argument.
     * @since 1.4
     * @see #execute
     */
    boolean getMoreResults(int current) throws SQLException;

    
Retrieves any auto-generated keys created as a result of executing this
Statement object. If this Statement object did
not generate any keys, an empty ResultSet
object is returned.
Note:If the columns which represent the auto-generated keys were not specified,
the JDBC driver implementation will determine the columns which best represent the auto-generated keys.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
SQLFeatureNotSupportedException –  if the JDBC driver does not support this method
Returns:
a ResultSet object containing the auto-generated key(s)
        generated by the execution of this Statement object
Since:
1.4/**
     * Retrieves any auto-generated keys created as a result of executing this
     * <code>Statement</code> object. If this <code>Statement</code> object did
     * not generate any keys, an empty <code>ResultSet</code>
     * object is returned.
     *
     *<p><B>Note:</B>If the columns which represent the auto-generated keys were not specified,
     * the JDBC driver implementation will determine the columns which best represent the auto-generated keys.
     *
     * @return a <code>ResultSet</code> object containing the auto-generated key(s)
     *         generated by the execution of this <code>Statement</code> object
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException  if the JDBC driver does not support this method
     * @since 1.4
     */
    ResultSet getGeneratedKeys() throws SQLException;

    
Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver with the
given flag about whether the
auto-generated keys produced by this Statement object
should be made available for retrieval.  The driver will ignore the
flag if the SQL statement
is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return
auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

Note:This method cannot be called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.
Params:
sql – an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as INSERT, UPDATE or
DELETE; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
such as a DDL statement.
autoGeneratedKeys – a flag indicating whether auto-generated keys
       should be made available for retrieval;
        one of the following constants:
        Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS
        Statement.NO_GENERATED_KEYS
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
 this method is called on a closed Statement, the given
           SQL statement returns a ResultSet object,
           the given constant is not one of those allowed, the method is called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
SQLFeatureNotSupportedException – if the JDBC driver does not support
this method with a constant of Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS
SQLTimeoutException – when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
Returns:
either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements
        or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
Since:
1.4/**
     * Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver with the
     * given flag about whether the
     * auto-generated keys produced by this <code>Statement</code> object
     * should be made available for retrieval.  The driver will ignore the
     * flag if the SQL statement
     * is not an <code>INSERT</code> statement, or an SQL statement able to return
     * auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).
     *<p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong>This method cannot be called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>.
     * @param sql an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as <code>INSERT</code>, <code>UPDATE</code> or
     * <code>DELETE</code>; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
     * such as a DDL statement.
     *
     * @param autoGeneratedKeys a flag indicating whether auto-generated keys
     *        should be made available for retrieval;
     *         one of the following constants:
     *         <code>Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS</code>
     *         <code>Statement.NO_GENERATED_KEYS</code>
     * @return either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements
     *         or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
     *
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     *  this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>, the given
     *            SQL statement returns a <code>ResultSet</code> object,
     *            the given constant is not one of those allowed, the method is called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>
     * @exception SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support
     * this method with a constant of Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS
     * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the
     * timeout value that was specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout}
     * method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel
     * the currently running {@code Statement}
     * @since 1.4
     */
    int executeUpdate(String sql, int autoGeneratedKeys) throws SQLException;

    
Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver that the
auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available
for retrieval.   This array contains the indexes of the columns in the
target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made
available. The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement
is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return
auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

Note:This method cannot be called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.
Params:
sql – an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as INSERT, UPDATE or
DELETE; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
such as a DDL statement.
columnIndexes – an array of column indexes indicating the columns
       that should be returned from the inserted row
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement, the SQL
statement returns a ResultSet object,the second argument
supplied to this method is not an
int array whose elements are valid column indexes, the method is called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
SQLFeatureNotSupportedException –  if the JDBC driver does not support this method
SQLTimeoutException – when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
Returns:
either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements
        or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
Since:
1.4/**
     * Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver that the
     * auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available
     * for retrieval.   This array contains the indexes of the columns in the
     * target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made
     * available. The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement
     * is not an <code>INSERT</code> statement, or an SQL statement able to return
     * auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).
     *<p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong>This method cannot be called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>.
     * @param sql an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as <code>INSERT</code>, <code>UPDATE</code> or
     * <code>DELETE</code>; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
     * such as a DDL statement.
     *
     * @param columnIndexes an array of column indexes indicating the columns
     *        that should be returned from the inserted row
     * @return either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements
     *         or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
     *
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>, the SQL
     * statement returns a <code>ResultSet</code> object,the second argument
     * supplied to this method is not an
     * <code>int</code> array whose elements are valid column indexes, the method is called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>
     * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException  if the JDBC driver does not support this method
     * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the
     * timeout value that was specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout}
     * method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel
     * the currently running {@code Statement}
     * @since 1.4
     */
    int executeUpdate(String sql, int columnIndexes[]) throws SQLException;

    
Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver that the
auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available
for retrieval.   This array contains the names of the columns in the
target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made
available. The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement
is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return
auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

Note:This method cannot be called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.
Params:
sql – an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as INSERT, UPDATE or
DELETE; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
such as a DDL statement.
columnNames – an array of the names of the columns that should be
       returned from the inserted row
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
 this method is called on a closed Statement, the SQL
           statement returns a ResultSet object, the
           second argument supplied to this method is not a String array
           whose elements are valid column names, the method is called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
SQLFeatureNotSupportedException –  if the JDBC driver does not support this method
SQLTimeoutException – when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
Returns:
either the row count for INSERT, UPDATE,
        or DELETE statements, or 0 for SQL statements
        that return nothing
Since:
1.4/**
     * Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver that the
     * auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available
     * for retrieval.   This array contains the names of the columns in the
     * target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made
     * available. The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement
     * is not an <code>INSERT</code> statement, or an SQL statement able to return
     * auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).
     *<p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong>This method cannot be called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>.
     * @param sql an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement, such as <code>INSERT</code>, <code>UPDATE</code> or
     * <code>DELETE</code>; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
     * such as a DDL statement.
     * @param columnNames an array of the names of the columns that should be
     *        returned from the inserted row
     * @return either the row count for <code>INSERT</code>, <code>UPDATE</code>,
     *         or <code>DELETE</code> statements, or 0 for SQL statements
     *         that return nothing
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     *  this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>, the SQL
     *            statement returns a <code>ResultSet</code> object, the
     *            second argument supplied to this method is not a <code>String</code> array
     *            whose elements are valid column names, the method is called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>
     * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException  if the JDBC driver does not support this method
     * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the
     * timeout value that was specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout}
     * method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel
     * the currently running {@code Statement}
     * @since 1.4
     */
    int executeUpdate(String sql, String columnNames[]) throws SQLException;

    
Executes the given SQL statement, which may return multiple results,
and signals the driver that any
auto-generated keys should be made available
for retrieval.  The driver will ignore this signal if the SQL statement
is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return
auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

In some (uncommon) situations, a single SQL statement may return
multiple result sets and/or update counts.  Normally you can ignore
this unless you are (1) executing a stored procedure that you know may
return multiple results or (2) you are dynamically executing an
unknown SQL string.

The execute method executes an SQL statement and indicates the
form of the first result.  You must then use the methods
getResultSet or getUpdateCount
to retrieve the result, and getMoreResults to
move to any subsequent result(s).

Note:This method cannot be called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.
Params:
sql – any SQL statement
autoGeneratedKeys – a constant indicating whether auto-generated
       keys should be made available for retrieval using the method
       getGeneratedKeys; one of the following constants:
       Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS or
       Statement.NO_GENERATED_KEYS
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement, the second
        parameter supplied to this method is not
        Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS or
        Statement.NO_GENERATED_KEYS,
the method is called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
SQLFeatureNotSupportedException – if the JDBC driver does not support
this method with a constant of Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS
SQLTimeoutException – when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
See Also:
getResultSet
getUpdateCount
getMoreResults
getGeneratedKeys
Returns:
true if the first result is a ResultSet
        object; false if it is an update count or there are
        no results
Since:
1.4/**
     * Executes the given SQL statement, which may return multiple results,
     * and signals the driver that any
     * auto-generated keys should be made available
     * for retrieval.  The driver will ignore this signal if the SQL statement
     * is not an <code>INSERT</code> statement, or an SQL statement able to return
     * auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).
     * <P>
     * In some (uncommon) situations, a single SQL statement may return
     * multiple result sets and/or update counts.  Normally you can ignore
     * this unless you are (1) executing a stored procedure that you know may
     * return multiple results or (2) you are dynamically executing an
     * unknown SQL string.
     * <P>
     * The <code>execute</code> method executes an SQL statement and indicates the
     * form of the first result.  You must then use the methods
     * <code>getResultSet</code> or <code>getUpdateCount</code>
     * to retrieve the result, and <code>getMoreResults</code> to
     * move to any subsequent result(s).
     *<p>
     *<strong>Note:</strong>This method cannot be called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>.
     * @param sql any SQL statement
     * @param autoGeneratedKeys a constant indicating whether auto-generated
     *        keys should be made available for retrieval using the method
     *        <code>getGeneratedKeys</code>; one of the following constants:
     *        <code>Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS</code> or
     *        <code>Statement.NO_GENERATED_KEYS</code>
     * @return <code>true</code> if the first result is a <code>ResultSet</code>
     *         object; <code>false</code> if it is an update count or there are
     *         no results
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>, the second
     *         parameter supplied to this method is not
     *         <code>Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS</code> or
     *         <code>Statement.NO_GENERATED_KEYS</code>,
     * the method is called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>
     * @exception SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support
     * this method with a constant of Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS
     * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the
     * timeout value that was specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout}
     * method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel
     * the currently running {@code Statement}
     * @see #getResultSet
     * @see #getUpdateCount
     * @see #getMoreResults
     * @see #getGeneratedKeys
     *
     * @since 1.4
     */
    boolean execute(String sql, int autoGeneratedKeys) throws SQLException;

    
Executes the given SQL statement, which may return multiple results,
and signals the driver that the
auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available
for retrieval.  This array contains the indexes of the columns in the
target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made
available.  The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement
is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return
auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

Under some (uncommon) situations, a single SQL statement may return
multiple result sets and/or update counts.  Normally you can ignore
this unless you are (1) executing a stored procedure that you know may
return multiple results or (2) you are dynamically executing an
unknown SQL string.

The execute method executes an SQL statement and indicates the
form of the first result.  You must then use the methods
getResultSet or getUpdateCount
to retrieve the result, and getMoreResults to
move to any subsequent result(s).

Note:This method cannot be called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.
Params:
sql – any SQL statement
columnIndexes – an array of the indexes of the columns in the
       inserted row that should be  made available for retrieval by a
       call to the method getGeneratedKeys
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement, the
           elements in the int array passed to this method
           are not valid column indexes, the method is called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
SQLFeatureNotSupportedException –  if the JDBC driver does not support this method
SQLTimeoutException – when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
See Also:
getResultSet
getUpdateCount
getMoreResults
Returns:
true if the first result is a ResultSet
        object; false if it is an update count or there
        are no results
Since:
1.4/**
     * Executes the given SQL statement, which may return multiple results,
     * and signals the driver that the
     * auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available
     * for retrieval.  This array contains the indexes of the columns in the
     * target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made
     * available.  The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement
     * is not an <code>INSERT</code> statement, or an SQL statement able to return
     * auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).
     * <P>
     * Under some (uncommon) situations, a single SQL statement may return
     * multiple result sets and/or update counts.  Normally you can ignore
     * this unless you are (1) executing a stored procedure that you know may
     * return multiple results or (2) you are dynamically executing an
     * unknown SQL string.
     * <P>
     * The <code>execute</code> method executes an SQL statement and indicates the
     * form of the first result.  You must then use the methods
     * <code>getResultSet</code> or <code>getUpdateCount</code>
     * to retrieve the result, and <code>getMoreResults</code> to
     * move to any subsequent result(s).
     *<p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong>This method cannot be called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>.
     * @param sql any SQL statement
     * @param columnIndexes an array of the indexes of the columns in the
     *        inserted row that should be  made available for retrieval by a
     *        call to the method <code>getGeneratedKeys</code>
     * @return <code>true</code> if the first result is a <code>ResultSet</code>
     *         object; <code>false</code> if it is an update count or there
     *         are no results
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>, the
     *            elements in the <code>int</code> array passed to this method
     *            are not valid column indexes, the method is called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>
     * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException  if the JDBC driver does not support this method
     * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the
     * timeout value that was specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout}
     * method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel
     * the currently running {@code Statement}
     * @see #getResultSet
     * @see #getUpdateCount
     * @see #getMoreResults
     *
     * @since 1.4
     */
    boolean execute(String sql, int columnIndexes[]) throws SQLException;

    
Executes the given SQL statement, which may return multiple results,
and signals the driver that the
auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available
for retrieval. This array contains the names of the columns in the
target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made
available.  The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement
is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return
auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).

In some (uncommon) situations, a single SQL statement may return
multiple result sets and/or update counts.  Normally you can ignore
this unless you are (1) executing a stored procedure that you know may
return multiple results or (2) you are dynamically executing an
unknown SQL string.

The execute method executes an SQL statement and indicates the
form of the first result.  You must then use the methods
getResultSet or getUpdateCount
to retrieve the result, and getMoreResults to
move to any subsequent result(s).

Note:This method cannot be called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.
Params:
sql – any SQL statement
columnNames – an array of the names of the columns in the inserted
       row that should be made available for retrieval by a call to the
       method getGeneratedKeys
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement,the
         elements of the String array passed to this
         method are not valid column names, the method is called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
SQLFeatureNotSupportedException –  if the JDBC driver does not support this method
SQLTimeoutException – when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
See Also:
getResultSet
getUpdateCount
getMoreResults
getGeneratedKeys
Returns:
true if the next result is a ResultSet
        object; false if it is an update count or there
        are no more results
Since:
1.4/**
     * Executes the given SQL statement, which may return multiple results,
     * and signals the driver that the
     * auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available
     * for retrieval. This array contains the names of the columns in the
     * target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made
     * available.  The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement
     * is not an <code>INSERT</code> statement, or an SQL statement able to return
     * auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).
     * <P>
     * In some (uncommon) situations, a single SQL statement may return
     * multiple result sets and/or update counts.  Normally you can ignore
     * this unless you are (1) executing a stored procedure that you know may
     * return multiple results or (2) you are dynamically executing an
     * unknown SQL string.
     * <P>
     * The <code>execute</code> method executes an SQL statement and indicates the
     * form of the first result.  You must then use the methods
     * <code>getResultSet</code> or <code>getUpdateCount</code>
     * to retrieve the result, and <code>getMoreResults</code> to
     * move to any subsequent result(s).
     *<p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong>This method cannot be called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>.
     * @param sql any SQL statement
     * @param columnNames an array of the names of the columns in the inserted
     *        row that should be made available for retrieval by a call to the
     *        method <code>getGeneratedKeys</code>
     * @return <code>true</code> if the next result is a <code>ResultSet</code>
     *         object; <code>false</code> if it is an update count or there
     *         are no more results
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>,the
     *          elements of the <code>String</code> array passed to this
     *          method are not valid column names, the method is called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>
     * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException  if the JDBC driver does not support this method
     * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the
     * timeout value that was specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout}
     * method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel
     * the currently running {@code Statement}
     * @see #getResultSet
     * @see #getUpdateCount
     * @see #getMoreResults
     * @see #getGeneratedKeys
     *
     * @since 1.4
     */
    boolean execute(String sql, String columnNames[]) throws SQLException;

   
Retrieves the result set holdability for ResultSet objects
generated by this Statement object.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
Returns:
either ResultSet.HOLD_CURSORS_OVER_COMMIT or
        ResultSet.CLOSE_CURSORS_AT_COMMIT
Since:
1.4/**
     * Retrieves the result set holdability for <code>ResultSet</code> objects
     * generated by this <code>Statement</code> object.
     *
     * @return either <code>ResultSet.HOLD_CURSORS_OVER_COMMIT</code> or
     *         <code>ResultSet.CLOSE_CURSORS_AT_COMMIT</code>
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     *
     * @since 1.4
     */
    int getResultSetHoldability() throws SQLException;

    
Retrieves whether this Statement object has been closed. A Statement is closed if the
method close has been called on it, or if it is automatically closed.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs
Returns:
true if this Statement object is closed; false if it is still open
Since:
1.6/**
     * Retrieves whether this <code>Statement</code> object has been closed. A <code>Statement</code> is closed if the
     * method close has been called on it, or if it is automatically closed.
     * @return true if this <code>Statement</code> object is closed; false if it is still open
     * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs
     * @since 1.6
     */
    boolean isClosed() throws SQLException;

        
Requests that a Statement be pooled or not pooled.  The value
specified is a hint to the statement pool implementation indicating
whether the application wants the statement to be pooled.  It is up to
the statement pool manager as to whether the hint is used.

The poolable value of a statement is applicable to both internal
statement caches implemented by the driver and external statement caches
implemented by application servers and other applications.

By default, a Statement is not poolable when created, and
a PreparedStatement and CallableStatement
are poolable when created.
Params:
poolable –              requests that the statement be pooled if true and
                                             that the statement not be pooled if false
Throws:
SQLException – if this method is called on a closed
Statement
Since:
1.6/**
         * Requests that a <code>Statement</code> be pooled or not pooled.  The value
         * specified is a hint to the statement pool implementation indicating
         * whether the application wants the statement to be pooled.  It is up to
         * the statement pool manager as to whether the hint is used.
         * <p>
         * The poolable value of a statement is applicable to both internal
         * statement caches implemented by the driver and external statement caches
         * implemented by application servers and other applications.
         * <p>
         * By default, a <code>Statement</code> is not poolable when created, and
         * a <code>PreparedStatement</code> and <code>CallableStatement</code>
         * are poolable when created.
         *
         * @param poolable              requests that the statement be pooled if true and
         *                                              that the statement not be pooled if false
         *
         * @throws SQLException if this method is called on a closed
         * <code>Statement</code>
         *
         * @since 1.6
         */
        void setPoolable(boolean poolable)
                throws SQLException;

        
Returns a  value indicating whether the Statement
is poolable or not.
Throws:
SQLException – if this method is called on a closed
Statement
See Also:
setPoolable(boolean)
Returns:
             true if the Statement
is poolable; false otherwise
Since:
1.6/**
         * Returns a  value indicating whether the <code>Statement</code>
         * is poolable or not.
         *
         * @return              <code>true</code> if the <code>Statement</code>
         * is poolable; <code>false</code> otherwise
         *
         * @throws SQLException if this method is called on a closed
         * <code>Statement</code>
         *
         * @since 1.6
         *
         * @see java.sql.Statement#setPoolable(boolean) setPoolable(boolean)
         */
        boolean isPoolable()
                throws SQLException;

    //--------------------------JDBC 4.1 -----------------------------

    
Specifies that this Statement will be closed when all its dependent result sets are closed. If execution of the Statement does not produce any result sets, this method has no effect. 

Note: Multiple calls to closeOnCompletion do not toggle the effect on this Statement. However, a call to closeOnCompletion does effect both the subsequent execution of statements, and statements that currently have open, dependent, result sets. 
Throws:
SQLException – if this method is called on a closed Statement
Since:
1.7/**
     * Specifies that this {@code Statement} will be closed when all its
     * dependent result sets are closed. If execution of the {@code Statement}
     * does not produce any result sets, this method has no effect.
     * <p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong> Multiple calls to {@code closeOnCompletion} do
     * not toggle the effect on this {@code Statement}. However, a call to
     * {@code closeOnCompletion} does effect both the subsequent execution of
     * statements, and statements that currently have open, dependent,
     * result sets.
     *
     * @throws SQLException if this method is called on a closed
     * {@code Statement}
     * @since 1.7
     */
    public void closeOnCompletion() throws SQLException;

    
Returns a value indicating whether this Statement will be closed when all its dependent result sets are closed. 
Throws:
SQLException – if this method is called on a closed Statement
Returns:
true if the Statement will be closed when all of its dependent result sets are closed; false otherwise
Since:
1.7/**
     * Returns a value indicating whether this {@code Statement} will be
     * closed when all its dependent result sets are closed.
     * @return {@code true} if the {@code Statement} will be closed when all
     * of its dependent result sets are closed; {@code false} otherwise
     * @throws SQLException if this method is called on a closed
     * {@code Statement}
     * @since 1.7
     */
    public boolean isCloseOnCompletion() throws SQLException;


    //--------------------------JDBC 4.2 -----------------------------

    
 Retrieves the current result as an update count; if the result
is a ResultSet object or there are no more results, -1
 is returned. This method should be called only once per result.
 This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE. 
 The default implementation will throw UnsupportedOperationException 
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
See Also:
execute
Returns:
the current result as an update count; -1 if the current result
is a ResultSet object or there are no more results
Since:
1.8/**
     *  Retrieves the current result as an update count; if the result
     * is a <code>ResultSet</code> object or there are no more results, -1
     *  is returned. This method should be called only once per result.
     * <p>
     * This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed
     * {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}.
     *<p>
     * The default implementation will throw {@code UnsupportedOperationException}
     *
     * @return the current result as an update count; -1 if the current result
     * is a <code>ResultSet</code> object or there are no more results
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * @see #execute
     * @since 1.8
     */
    default long getLargeUpdateCount() throws SQLException {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("getLargeUpdateCount not implemented");
    }

    
Sets the limit for the maximum number of rows that any
ResultSet object  generated by this Statement
object can contain to the given number.
If the limit is exceeded, the excess
rows are silently dropped.
 This method should be used when the row limit may exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE. 
 The default implementation will throw UnsupportedOperationException 
Params:
max – the new max rows limit; zero means there is no limit
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement or the condition max >= 0 is not satisfied
See Also:
getMaxRows
Since:
1.8/**
     * Sets the limit for the maximum number of rows that any
     * <code>ResultSet</code> object  generated by this <code>Statement</code>
     * object can contain to the given number.
     * If the limit is exceeded, the excess
     * rows are silently dropped.
     * <p>
     * This method should be used when the row limit may exceed
     * {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}.
     *<p>
     * The default implementation will throw {@code UnsupportedOperationException}
     *
     * @param max the new max rows limit; zero means there is no limit
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     *            or the condition {@code max >= 0} is not satisfied
     * @see #getMaxRows
     * @since 1.8
     */
    default void setLargeMaxRows(long max) throws SQLException {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("setLargeMaxRows not implemented");
    }

    
Retrieves the maximum number of rows that a
ResultSet object produced by this
Statement object can contain.  If this limit is exceeded,
the excess rows are silently dropped.
 This method should be used when the returned row limit may exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE. 
 The default implementation will return 0 
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs or
this method is called on a closed Statement
See Also:
setMaxRows
Returns:
the current maximum number of rows for a ResultSet
        object produced by this Statement object;
        zero means there is no limit
Since:
1.8/**
     * Retrieves the maximum number of rows that a
     * <code>ResultSet</code> object produced by this
     * <code>Statement</code> object can contain.  If this limit is exceeded,
     * the excess rows are silently dropped.
     * <p>
     * This method should be used when the returned row limit may exceed
     * {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}.
     *<p>
     * The default implementation will return {@code 0}
     *
     * @return the current maximum number of rows for a <code>ResultSet</code>
     *         object produced by this <code>Statement</code> object;
     *         zero means there is no limit
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs or
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>
     * @see #setMaxRows
     * @since 1.8
     */
    default long getLargeMaxRows() throws SQLException {
        return 0;
    }

    
Submits a batch of commands to the database for execution and
if all commands execute successfully, returns an array of update counts.
The long elements of the array that is returned are ordered to correspond to the commands in the batch, which are ordered according to the order in which they were added to the batch. The elements in the array returned by the method executeLargeBatch may be one of the following: 

A number greater than or equal to zero -- indicates that the
command was processed successfully and is an update count giving the
number of rows in the database that were affected by the command's
execution
A value of SUCCESS_NO_INFO -- indicates that the command was
processed successfully but that the number of rows affected is
unknown

If one of the commands in a batch update fails to execute properly,
this method throws a BatchUpdateException, and a JDBC
driver may or may not continue to process the remaining commands in
the batch.  However, the driver's behavior must be consistent with a
particular DBMS, either always continuing to process commands or never
continuing to process commands.  If the driver continues processing
after a failure, the array returned by the method
BatchUpdateException.getLargeUpdateCounts
will contain as many elements as there are commands in the batch, and
at least one of the elements will be the following:
A value of EXECUTE_FAILED -- indicates that the command failed
to execute successfully and occurs only if a driver continues to
process commands after a command fails

 This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE. 
 The default implementation will throw UnsupportedOperationException 
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement or the driver does not support batch statements. Throws BatchUpdateException (a subclass of SQLException) if one of the commands sent to the
database fails to execute properly or attempts to return a result set.
SQLTimeoutException – when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
See Also:
addBatch
DatabaseMetaData.supportsBatchUpdates
Returns:
an array of update counts containing one element for each
command in the batch.  The elements of the array are ordered according
to the order in which commands were added to the batch.
Since:
1.8/**
     * Submits a batch of commands to the database for execution and
     * if all commands execute successfully, returns an array of update counts.
     * The <code>long</code> elements of the array that is returned are ordered
     * to correspond to the commands in the batch, which are ordered
     * according to the order in which they were added to the batch.
     * The elements in the array returned by the method {@code executeLargeBatch}
     * may be one of the following:
     * <OL>
     * <LI>A number greater than or equal to zero -- indicates that the
     * command was processed successfully and is an update count giving the
     * number of rows in the database that were affected by the command's
     * execution
     * <LI>A value of <code>SUCCESS_NO_INFO</code> -- indicates that the command was
     * processed successfully but that the number of rows affected is
     * unknown
     * <P>
     * If one of the commands in a batch update fails to execute properly,
     * this method throws a <code>BatchUpdateException</code>, and a JDBC
     * driver may or may not continue to process the remaining commands in
     * the batch.  However, the driver's behavior must be consistent with a
     * particular DBMS, either always continuing to process commands or never
     * continuing to process commands.  If the driver continues processing
     * after a failure, the array returned by the method
     * <code>BatchUpdateException.getLargeUpdateCounts</code>
     * will contain as many elements as there are commands in the batch, and
     * at least one of the elements will be the following:
     *
     * <LI>A value of <code>EXECUTE_FAILED</code> -- indicates that the command failed
     * to execute successfully and occurs only if a driver continues to
     * process commands after a command fails
     * </OL>
     * <p>
     * This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed
     * {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}.
     *<p>
     * The default implementation will throw {@code UnsupportedOperationException}
     *
     * @return an array of update counts containing one element for each
     * command in the batch.  The elements of the array are ordered according
     * to the order in which commands were added to the batch.
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code> or the
     * driver does not support batch statements. Throws {@link BatchUpdateException}
     * (a subclass of <code>SQLException</code>) if one of the commands sent to the
     * database fails to execute properly or attempts to return a result set.
     * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the
     * timeout value that was specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout}
     * method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel
     * the currently running {@code Statement}
     *
     * @see #addBatch
     * @see DatabaseMetaData#supportsBatchUpdates
     * @since 1.8
     */
    default long[] executeLargeBatch() throws SQLException {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("executeLargeBatch not implemented");
    }

    
Executes the given SQL statement, which may be an INSERT,
UPDATE, or DELETE statement or an
SQL statement that returns nothing, such as an SQL DDL statement.
 This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE. 

Note:This method cannot be called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.
 The default implementation will throw UnsupportedOperationException 
Params:
sql – an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement,
such as INSERT, UPDATE or
DELETE; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
such as a DDL statement.
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement, the given
SQL statement produces a ResultSet object, the method is called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
SQLTimeoutException – when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
Returns:
either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language
(DML) statements or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
Since:
1.8/**
     * Executes the given SQL statement, which may be an <code>INSERT</code>,
     * <code>UPDATE</code>, or <code>DELETE</code> statement or an
     * SQL statement that returns nothing, such as an SQL DDL statement.
     * <p>
     * This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed
     * {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}.
     * <p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong>This method cannot be called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>.
     *<p>
     * The default implementation will throw {@code UnsupportedOperationException}
     *
     * @param sql an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement,
     * such as <code>INSERT</code>, <code>UPDATE</code> or
     * <code>DELETE</code>; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
     * such as a DDL statement.
     *
     * @return either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language
     * (DML) statements or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
     *
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>, the given
     * SQL statement produces a <code>ResultSet</code> object, the method is called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>
     * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the
     * timeout value that was specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout}
     * method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel
     * the currently running {@code Statement}
     * @since 1.8
     */
    default long executeLargeUpdate(String sql) throws SQLException {
        throw new UnsupportedOperationException("executeLargeUpdate not implemented");
    }

    
Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver with the
given flag about whether the
auto-generated keys produced by this Statement object
should be made available for retrieval.  The driver will ignore the
flag if the SQL statement
is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return
auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).
 This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE. 

Note:This method cannot be called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.
 The default implementation will throw SQLFeatureNotSupportedException 
Params:
sql – an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement,
such as INSERT, UPDATE or
DELETE; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
such as a DDL statement.
autoGeneratedKeys – a flag indicating whether auto-generated keys
       should be made available for retrieval;
        one of the following constants:
        Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS
        Statement.NO_GENERATED_KEYS
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
 this method is called on a closed Statement, the given
           SQL statement returns a ResultSet object,
           the given constant is not one of those allowed, the method is called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
SQLFeatureNotSupportedException – if the JDBC driver does not support
this method with a constant of Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS
SQLTimeoutException – when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
Returns:
either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements
        or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
Since:
1.8/**
     * Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver with the
     * given flag about whether the
     * auto-generated keys produced by this <code>Statement</code> object
     * should be made available for retrieval.  The driver will ignore the
     * flag if the SQL statement
     * is not an <code>INSERT</code> statement, or an SQL statement able to return
     * auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).
     * <p>
     * This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed
     * {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}.
     * <p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong>This method cannot be called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>.
     *<p>
     * The default implementation will throw {@code SQLFeatureNotSupportedException}
     *
     * @param sql an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement,
     * such as <code>INSERT</code>, <code>UPDATE</code> or
     * <code>DELETE</code>; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
     * such as a DDL statement.
     *
     * @param autoGeneratedKeys a flag indicating whether auto-generated keys
     *        should be made available for retrieval;
     *         one of the following constants:
     *         <code>Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS</code>
     *         <code>Statement.NO_GENERATED_KEYS</code>
     * @return either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements
     *         or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
     *
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     *  this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>, the given
     *            SQL statement returns a <code>ResultSet</code> object,
     *            the given constant is not one of those allowed, the method is called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>
     * @exception SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the JDBC driver does not support
     * this method with a constant of Statement.RETURN_GENERATED_KEYS
     * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the
     * timeout value that was specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout}
     * method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel
     * the currently running {@code Statement}
     * @since 1.8
     */
    default long executeLargeUpdate(String sql, int autoGeneratedKeys)
            throws SQLException {
        throw new SQLFeatureNotSupportedException("executeLargeUpdate not implemented");
    }

    
Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver that the
auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available
for retrieval.   This array contains the indexes of the columns in the
target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made
available. The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement
is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return
auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).
 This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE. 

Note:This method cannot be called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.
 The default implementation will throw SQLFeatureNotSupportedException 
Params:
sql – an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement,
such as INSERT, UPDATE or
DELETE; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
such as a DDL statement.
columnIndexes – an array of column indexes indicating the columns
       that should be returned from the inserted row
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
this method is called on a closed Statement, the SQL
statement returns a ResultSet object,the second argument
supplied to this method is not an
int array whose elements are valid column indexes, the method is called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
SQLFeatureNotSupportedException –  if the JDBC driver does not support this method
SQLTimeoutException – when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
Returns:
either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements
        or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
Since:
1.8/**
     * Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver that the
     * auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available
     * for retrieval.   This array contains the indexes of the columns in the
     * target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made
     * available. The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement
     * is not an <code>INSERT</code> statement, or an SQL statement able to return
     * auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).
     * <p>
     * This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed
     * {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}.
     * <p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong>This method cannot be called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>.
     *<p>
     * The default implementation will throw {@code SQLFeatureNotSupportedException}
     *
     * @param sql an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement,
     * such as <code>INSERT</code>, <code>UPDATE</code> or
     * <code>DELETE</code>; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
     * such as a DDL statement.
     *
     * @param columnIndexes an array of column indexes indicating the columns
     *        that should be returned from the inserted row
     * @return either (1) the row count for SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statements
     *         or (2) 0 for SQL statements that return nothing
     *
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     * this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>, the SQL
     * statement returns a <code>ResultSet</code> object,the second argument
     * supplied to this method is not an
     * <code>int</code> array whose elements are valid column indexes, the method is called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>
     * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException  if the JDBC driver does not support this method
     * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the
     * timeout value that was specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout}
     * method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel
     * the currently running {@code Statement}
     * @since 1.8
     */
    default long executeLargeUpdate(String sql, int columnIndexes[]) throws SQLException {
        throw new SQLFeatureNotSupportedException("executeLargeUpdate not implemented");
    }

    
Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver that the
auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available
for retrieval.   This array contains the names of the columns in the
target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made
available. The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement
is not an INSERT statement, or an SQL statement able to return
auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).
 This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed Integer.MAX_VALUE. 

Note:This method cannot be called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement.
 The default implementation will throw SQLFeatureNotSupportedException 
Params:
sql – an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement,
such as INSERT, UPDATE or
DELETE; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
such as a DDL statement.
columnNames – an array of the names of the columns that should be
       returned from the inserted row
Throws:
SQLException – if a database access error occurs,
 this method is called on a closed Statement, the SQL
           statement returns a ResultSet object, the
           second argument supplied to this method is not a String array
           whose elements are valid column names, the method is called on a
PreparedStatement or CallableStatement
SQLFeatureNotSupportedException –  if the JDBC driver does not support this method
SQLTimeoutException – when the driver has determined that the timeout value that was specified by the setQueryTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel the currently running Statement
Returns:
either the row count for INSERT, UPDATE,
        or DELETE statements, or 0 for SQL statements
        that return nothing
Since:
1.8/**
     * Executes the given SQL statement and signals the driver that the
     * auto-generated keys indicated in the given array should be made available
     * for retrieval.   This array contains the names of the columns in the
     * target table that contain the auto-generated keys that should be made
     * available. The driver will ignore the array if the SQL statement
     * is not an <code>INSERT</code> statement, or an SQL statement able to return
     * auto-generated keys (the list of such statements is vendor-specific).
     * <p>
     * This method should be used when the returned row count may exceed
     * {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}.
     * <p>
     * <strong>Note:</strong>This method cannot be called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>.
     *<p>
     * The default implementation will throw {@code SQLFeatureNotSupportedException}
     *
     * @param sql an SQL Data Manipulation Language (DML) statement,
     * such as <code>INSERT</code>, <code>UPDATE</code> or
     * <code>DELETE</code>; or an SQL statement that returns nothing,
     * such as a DDL statement.
     * @param columnNames an array of the names of the columns that should be
     *        returned from the inserted row
     * @return either the row count for <code>INSERT</code>, <code>UPDATE</code>,
     *         or <code>DELETE</code> statements, or 0 for SQL statements
     *         that return nothing
     * @exception SQLException if a database access error occurs,
     *  this method is called on a closed <code>Statement</code>, the SQL
     *            statement returns a <code>ResultSet</code> object, the
     *            second argument supplied to this method is not a <code>String</code> array
     *            whose elements are valid column names, the method is called on a
     * <code>PreparedStatement</code> or <code>CallableStatement</code>
     * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException  if the JDBC driver does not support this method
     * @throws SQLTimeoutException when the driver has determined that the
     * timeout value that was specified by the {@code setQueryTimeout}
     * method has been exceeded and has at least attempted to cancel
     * the currently running {@code Statement}
     * @since 1.8
     */
    default long executeLargeUpdate(String sql, String columnNames[])
            throws SQLException {
        throw new SQLFeatureNotSupportedException("executeLargeUpdate not implemented");
    }

    // JDBC 4.3

    
Returns a String enclosed in single quotes. Any occurrence of a single quote within the string will be replaced by two single quotes. 


Examples of the conversion:

Value
Result


 
Hello
 
'Hello'
 
 
G'Day
 
'G''Day'
 
 
'G''Day'
'''G''''Day'''
 
 
I'''M
 
'I''''''M'




Params:
val – a character string
Throws:
NullPointerException – if val is null
SQLException – if a database access error occurs
Implementation Note:

JDBC driver implementations may need to provide their own implementation
of this method in order to meet the requirements of the underlying
datasource.
Returns:
A string enclosed by single quotes with every single quote
converted to two single quotes
Since:
9/**
     * Returns a {@code String} enclosed in single quotes. Any occurrence of a
     * single quote within the string will be replaced by two single quotes.
     *
     * <blockquote>
     * <table class="striped">
     * <caption>Examples of the conversion:</caption>
     * <thead>
     * <tr><th scope="col">Value</th><th scope="col">Result</th></tr>
     * </thead>
     * <tbody style="text-align:center">
     * <tr> <th scope="row">Hello</th> <td>'Hello'</td> </tr>
     * <tr> <th scope="row">G'Day</th> <td>'G''Day'</td> </tr>
     * <tr> <th scope="row">'G''Day'</th>
     * <td>'''G''''Day'''</td> </tr>
     * <tr> <th scope="row">I'''M</th> <td>'I''''''M'</td>
     * </tr>
     *
     * </tbody>
     * </table>
     * </blockquote>
     * @implNote
     * JDBC driver implementations may need to provide their own implementation
     * of this method in order to meet the requirements of the underlying
     * datasource.
     * @param val a character string
     * @return A string enclosed by single quotes with every single quote
     * converted to two single quotes
     * @throws NullPointerException if val is {@code null}
     * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs
     *
     * @since 9
     */
     default String enquoteLiteral(String val)  throws SQLException {
         return "'" + val.replace("'", "''") +  "'";
    }


     
Returns a SQL identifier. If identifier is a simple SQL identifier: 

Return the original value if alwaysQuote is false
Return a delimited identifier if alwaysQuote is true
 If identifier is not a simple SQL identifier, identifier will be enclosed in double quotes if not already present. If the datasource does not support double quotes for delimited identifiers, the identifier should be enclosed by the string returned from DatabaseMetaData.getIdentifierQuoteString. If the datasource does not support delimited identifiers, a SQLFeatureNotSupportedException should be thrown. 
 A SQLException will be thrown if identifier contains any characters invalid in a delimited identifier or the identifier length is invalid for the datasource. 
Params:
identifier – a SQL identifier
alwaysQuote – indicates if a simple SQL identifier should be
returned as a quoted identifier
Throws:
SQLException – if identifier is not a valid identifier
SQLFeatureNotSupportedException – if the datasource does not support
delimited identifiers
NullPointerException – if identifier is null
Implementation Requirements:

The default implementation uses the following criteria to
determine a valid simple SQL identifier:

The string is not enclosed in double quotes
The first character is an alphabetic character from a through z, or
from A through Z
The name only contains alphanumeric characters or the character "_"
 The default implementation will throw a SQLException if: 

identifier contains a null character or double quote and is not a simple SQL identifier.
The length of identifier is less than 1 or greater than 128 characters 


Examples of the conversion:


identifier
alwaysQuote
Result



Hello
false
Hello


Hello
true
"Hello"


G'Day
false
"G'Day"


"Bruce Wayne"
false
"Bruce Wayne"


"Bruce Wayne"
true
"Bruce Wayne"


GoodDay$
false
"GoodDay$"


Hello"World
false
SQLException


"Hello"World"
false
SQLException



Implementation Note:

JDBC driver implementations may need to provide their own implementation
of this method in order to meet the requirements of the underlying
datasource.
Returns:
A simple SQL identifier or a delimited identifier
Since:
9/**
     * Returns a SQL identifier. If {@code identifier} is a simple SQL identifier:
     * <ul>
     * <li>Return the original value if {@code alwaysQuote} is
     * {@code false}</li>
     * <li>Return a delimited identifier if {@code alwaysQuote} is
     * {@code true}</li>
     * </ul>
     *
     * If {@code identifier} is not a simple SQL identifier, {@code identifier} will be
     * enclosed in double quotes if not already present. If the datasource does
     * not support double quotes for delimited identifiers, the
     * identifier should be enclosed by the string returned from
     * {@link DatabaseMetaData#getIdentifierQuoteString}.  If the datasource
     * does not support delimited identifiers, a
     * {@code SQLFeatureNotSupportedException} should be thrown.
     * <p>
     * A {@code SQLException} will be thrown if {@code identifier} contains any
     * characters invalid in a delimited identifier or the identifier length is
     * invalid for the datasource.
     *
     * @implSpec
     * The default implementation uses the following criteria to
     * determine a valid simple SQL identifier:
     * <ul>
     * <li>The string is not enclosed in double quotes</li>
     * <li>The first character is an alphabetic character from a through z, or
     * from A through Z</li>
     * <li>The name only contains alphanumeric characters or the character "_"</li>
     * </ul>
     *
     * The default implementation will throw a {@code SQLException} if:
     * <ul>
     * <li>{@code identifier} contains a {@code null} character or double quote and is not
     * a simple SQL identifier.</li>
     * <li>The length of {@code identifier} is less than 1 or greater than 128 characters
     * </ul>
     * <blockquote>
     * <table class="striped" >
     * <caption>Examples of the conversion:</caption>
     * <thead>
     * <tr>
     * <th scope="col">identifier</th>
     * <th scope="col">alwaysQuote</th>
     * <th scope="col">Result</th></tr>
     * </thead>
     * <tbody>
     * <tr>
     * <th scope="row">Hello</th>
     * <td>false</td>
     * <td>Hello</td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <th scope="row">Hello</th>
     * <td>true</td>
     * <td>"Hello"</td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <th scope="row">G'Day</th>
     * <td>false</td>
     * <td>"G'Day"</td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <th scope="row">"Bruce Wayne"</th>
     * <td>false</td>
     * <td>"Bruce Wayne"</td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <th scope="row">"Bruce Wayne"</th>
     * <td>true</td>
     * <td>"Bruce Wayne"</td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <th scope="row">GoodDay$</th>
     * <td>false</td>
     * <td>"GoodDay$"</td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <th scope="row">Hello"World</th>
     * <td>false</td>
     * <td>SQLException</td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <th scope="row">"Hello"World"</th>
     * <td>false</td>
     * <td>SQLException</td>
     * </tr>
     * </tbody>
     * </table>
     * </blockquote>
     * @implNote
     * JDBC driver implementations may need to provide their own implementation
     * of this method in order to meet the requirements of the underlying
     * datasource.
     * @param identifier a SQL identifier
     * @param alwaysQuote indicates if a simple SQL identifier should be
     * returned as a quoted identifier
     * @return A simple SQL identifier or a delimited identifier
     * @throws SQLException if identifier is not a valid identifier
     * @throws SQLFeatureNotSupportedException if the datasource does not support
     * delimited identifiers
     * @throws NullPointerException if identifier is {@code null}
     *
     * @since 9
     */
    default String enquoteIdentifier(String identifier, boolean alwaysQuote) throws SQLException {
        int len = identifier.length();
        if (len < 1 || len > 128) {
            throw new SQLException("Invalid name");
        }
        if (Pattern.compile("[\\p{Alpha}][\\p{Alnum}_]*").matcher(identifier).matches()) {
            return alwaysQuote ?  "\"" + identifier + "\"" : identifier;
        }
        if (identifier.matches("^\".+\"$")) {
            identifier = identifier.substring(1, len - 1);
        }
        if (Pattern.compile("[^\u0000\"]+").matcher(identifier).matches()) {
            return "\"" + identifier + "\"";
        } else {
            throw new SQLException("Invalid name");
        }
    }

    
Retrieves whether identifier is a simple SQL identifier. 
Params:
identifier – a SQL identifier
Throws:
NullPointerException – if identifier is null
SQLException – if a database access error occurs
Implementation Requirements:
The default implementation uses the following criteria to
determine a valid simple SQL identifier:

The string is not enclosed in double quotes
The first character is an alphabetic character from a through z, or
from A through Z
The string only contains alphanumeric characters or the character
"_"
The string is between 1 and 128 characters in length inclusive



Examples of the conversion:


identifier
Simple Identifier



Hello
true


G'Day
false


"Bruce Wayne"
false


GoodDay$
false


Hello"World
false


"Hello"World"
false



Implementation Note:
JDBC driver implementations may need to provide their own
implementation of this method in order to meet the requirements of the
underlying datasource.
Returns:
 true if  a simple SQL identifier, false otherwise
Since:
9/**
     * Retrieves whether {@code identifier} is a simple SQL identifier.
     *
     * @implSpec The default implementation uses the following criteria to
     * determine a valid simple SQL identifier:
     * <ul>
     * <li>The string is not enclosed in double quotes</li>
     * <li>The first character is an alphabetic character from a through z, or
     * from A through Z</li>
     * <li>The string only contains alphanumeric characters or the character
     * "_"</li>
     * <li>The string is between 1 and 128 characters in length inclusive</li>
     * </ul>
     *
     * <blockquote>
     * <table class="striped" >
     * <caption>Examples of the conversion:</caption>
     * <thead>
     * <tr>
     * <th scope="col">identifier</th>
     * <th scope="col">Simple Identifier</th>
     * </thead>
     *
     * <tbody>
     * <tr>
     * <th scope="row">Hello</th>
     * <td>true</td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <th scope="row">G'Day</th>
     * <td>false</td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <th scope="row">"Bruce Wayne"</th>
     * <td>false</td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <th scope="row">GoodDay$</th>
     * <td>false</td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <th scope="row">Hello"World</th>
     * <td>false</td>
     * </tr>
     * <tr>
     * <th scope="row">"Hello"World"</th>
     * <td>false</td>
     * </tr>
     * </tbody>
     * </table>
     * </blockquote>
     * @implNote JDBC driver implementations may need to provide their own
     * implementation of this method in order to meet the requirements of the
     * underlying datasource.
     * @param identifier a SQL identifier
     * @return  true if  a simple SQL identifier, false otherwise
     * @throws NullPointerException if identifier is {@code null}
     * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs
     *
     * @since 9
     */
    default boolean isSimpleIdentifier(String identifier) throws SQLException {
        int len = identifier.length();
        return len >= 1 && len <= 128
                && Pattern.compile("[\\p{Alpha}][\\p{Alnum}_]*").matcher(identifier).matches();
    }

    
Returns a String representing a National Character Set Literal enclosed in single quotes and prefixed with a upper case letter N. Any occurrence of a single quote within the string will be replaced by two single quotes. 


Examples of the conversion:


Value
Result



 
Hello
 
N'Hello'
 
 
G'Day
 
N'G''Day'
 
 
'G''Day'
N'''G''''Day'''
 
 
I'''M
 
N'I''''''M'
 
N'Hello'
 
N'N''Hello'''
 



Params:
val – a character string
Throws:
NullPointerException – if val is null
SQLException – if a database access error occurs
Implementation Note:

JDBC driver implementations may need to provide their own implementation
of this method in order to meet the requirements of the underlying
datasource. An implementation of enquoteNCharLiteral may accept a different
set of characters than that accepted by the same drivers implementation of
enquoteLiteral.
Returns:
the result of replacing every single quote character in the
argument by two single quote characters where this entire result is
then prefixed with 'N'.
Since:
9/**
    * Returns a {@code String} representing a National Character Set Literal
    * enclosed in single quotes and prefixed with a upper case letter N.
    * Any occurrence of a single quote within the string will be replaced
    * by two single quotes.
    *
    * <blockquote>
    * <table class="striped">
    * <caption>Examples of the conversion:</caption>
    * <thead>
    * <tr>
    * <th scope="col">Value</th>
    * <th scope="col">Result</th>
    * </tr>
    * </thead>
    * <tbody>
    * <tr> <th scope="row">Hello</th> <td>N'Hello'</td> </tr>
    * <tr> <th scope="row">G'Day</th> <td>N'G''Day'</td> </tr>
    * <tr> <th scope="row">'G''Day'</th>
    * <td>N'''G''''Day'''</td> </tr>
    * <tr> <th scope="row">I'''M</th> <td>N'I''''''M'</td>
    * <tr> <th scope="row">N'Hello'</th> <td>N'N''Hello'''</td> </tr>
    *
    * </tbody>
    * </table>
    * </blockquote>
    * @implNote
    * JDBC driver implementations may need to provide their own implementation
    * of this method in order to meet the requirements of the underlying
    * datasource. An implementation of enquoteNCharLiteral may accept a different
    * set of characters than that accepted by the same drivers implementation of
    * enquoteLiteral.
    * @param val a character string
    * @return the result of replacing every single quote character in the
    * argument by two single quote characters where this entire result is
    * then prefixed with 'N'.
    * @throws NullPointerException if val is {@code null}
    * @throws SQLException if a database access error occurs
    *
    * @since 9
    */
    default String enquoteNCharLiteral(String val)  throws SQLException {
        return "N'" + val.replace("'", "''") +  "'";
   }
}