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package java.lang.invoke;

import jdk.internal.HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate;
import jdk.internal.util.Preconditions;
import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.ForceInline;
import jdk.internal.vm.annotation.Stable;

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.function.BiFunction;
import java.util.function.Function;

import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleStatics.UNSAFE;
import static java.lang.invoke.MethodHandleStatics.newInternalError;

A VarHandle is a dynamically strongly typed reference to a variable, or to a parametrically-defined family of variables, including static fields, non-static fields, array elements, or components of an off-heap data structure. Access to such variables is supported under various access modes, including plain read/write access, volatile read/write access, and compare-and-set.

VarHandles are immutable and have no visible state. VarHandles cannot be subclassed by the user.

A VarHandle has:

  • a variable type T, the type of every variable referenced by this VarHandle; and
  • a list of coordinate types CT1, CT2, ..., CTn, the types of coordinate expressions that jointly locate a variable referenced by this VarHandle.
Variable and coordinate types may be primitive or reference, and are represented by Class objects. The list of coordinate types may be empty.

Factory methods that produce or lookup VarHandle instances document the supported variable type and the list of coordinate types.

Each access mode is associated with one access mode method, a signature polymorphic method named for the access mode. When an access mode method is invoked on a VarHandle instance, the initial arguments to the invocation are coordinate expressions that indicate in precisely which object the variable is to be accessed. Trailing arguments to the invocation represent values of importance to the access mode. For example, the various compare-and-set or compare-and-exchange access modes require two trailing arguments for the variable's expected value and new value.

The arity and types of arguments to the invocation of an access mode method are not checked statically. Instead, each access mode method specifies an access mode type, represented as an instance of MethodType, that serves as a kind of method signature against which the arguments are checked dynamically. An access mode type gives formal parameter types in terms of the coordinate types of a VarHandle instance and the types for values of importance to the access mode. An access mode type also gives a return type, often in terms of the variable type of a VarHandle instance. When an access mode method is invoked on a VarHandle instance, the symbolic type descriptor at the call site, the run time types of arguments to the invocation, and the run time type of the return value, must match the types given in the access mode type. A runtime exception will be thrown if the match fails. For example, the access mode method compareAndSet specifies that if its receiver is a VarHandle instance with coordinate types CT1, ..., CTn and variable type T, then its access mode type is (CT1 c1, ..., CTn cn, T expectedValue, T newValue)boolean. Suppose that a VarHandle instance can access array elements, and that its coordinate types are String[] and int while its variable type is String. The access mode type for compareAndSet on this VarHandle instance would be (String[] c1, int c2, String expectedValue, String newValue)boolean. Such a VarHandle instance may be produced by the array factory method and access array elements as follows:

 
String[] sa = ...
VarHandle avh = MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(String[].class);
boolean r = avh.compareAndSet(sa, 10, "expected", "new");

Access modes control atomicity and consistency properties. Plain read (get) and write (set) accesses are guaranteed to be bitwise atomic only for references and for primitive values of at most 32 bits, and impose no observable ordering constraints with respect to threads other than the executing thread. Opaque operations are bitwise atomic and coherently ordered with respect to accesses to the same variable. In addition to obeying Opaque properties, Acquire mode reads and their subsequent accesses are ordered after matching Release mode writes and their previous accesses. In addition to obeying Acquire and Release properties, all Volatile operations are totally ordered with respect to each other.

Access modes are grouped into the following categories:

Factory methods that produce or lookup VarHandle instances document the set of access modes that are supported, which may also include documenting restrictions based on the variable type and whether a variable is read-only. If an access mode is not supported then the corresponding access mode method will on invocation throw an UnsupportedOperationException. Factory methods should document any additional undeclared exceptions that may be thrown by access mode methods. The get access mode is supported for all VarHandle instances and the corresponding method never throws UnsupportedOperationException. If a VarHandle references a read-only variable (for example a final field) then write, atomic update, numeric atomic update, and bitwise atomic update access modes are not supported and corresponding methods throw UnsupportedOperationException. Read/write access modes (if supported), with the exception of get and set, provide atomic access for reference types and all primitive types. Unless stated otherwise in the documentation of a factory method, the access modes get and set (if supported) provide atomic access for reference types and all primitives types, with the exception of long and double on 32-bit platforms.

Access modes will override any memory ordering effects specified at the declaration site of a variable. For example, a VarHandle accessing a field using the get access mode will access the field as specified by its access mode even if that field is declared volatile. When mixed access is performed extreme care should be taken since the Java Memory Model may permit surprising results.

In addition to supporting access to variables under various access modes, a set of static methods, referred to as memory fence methods, is also provided for fine-grained control of memory ordering. The Java Language Specification permits other threads to observe operations as if they were executed in orders different than are apparent in program source code, subject to constraints arising, for example, from the use of locks, volatile fields or VarHandles. The static methods, fullFence, acquireFence, releaseFence, loadLoadFence and storeStoreFence, can also be used to impose constraints. Their specifications, as is the case for certain access modes, are phrased in terms of the lack of "reorderings" -- observable ordering effects that might otherwise occur if the fence was not present. More precise phrasing of the specification of access mode methods and memory fence methods may accompany future updates of the Java Language Specification.

Compiling invocation of access mode methods

A Java method call expression naming an access mode method can invoke a VarHandle from Java source code. From the viewpoint of source code, these methods can take any arguments and their polymorphic result (if expressed) can be cast to any return type. Formally this is accomplished by giving the access mode methods variable arity Object arguments and Object return types (if the return type is polymorphic), but they have an additional quality called signature polymorphism which connects this freedom of invocation directly to the JVM execution stack.

As is usual with virtual methods, source-level calls to access mode methods compile to an invokevirtual instruction. More unusually, the compiler must record the actual argument types, and may not perform method invocation conversions on the arguments. Instead, it must generate instructions to push them on the stack according to their own unconverted types. The VarHandle object itself will be pushed on the stack before the arguments. The compiler then generates an invokevirtual instruction that invokes the access mode method with a symbolic type descriptor which describes the argument and return types.

To issue a complete symbolic type descriptor, the compiler must also determine the return type (if polymorphic). This is based on a cast on the method invocation expression, if there is one, or else Object if the invocation is an expression, or else void if the invocation is a statement. The cast may be to a primitive type (but not void).

As a corner case, an uncasted null argument is given a symbolic type descriptor of java.lang.Void. The ambiguity with the type Void is harmless, since there are no references of type Void except the null reference.

Performing invocation of access mode methods

The first time an invokevirtual instruction is executed it is linked by symbolically resolving the names in the instruction and verifying that the method call is statically legal. This also holds for calls to access mode methods. In this case, the symbolic type descriptor emitted by the compiler is checked for correct syntax, and names it contains are resolved. Thus, an invokevirtual instruction which invokes an access mode method will always link, as long as the symbolic type descriptor is syntactically well-formed and the types exist.

When the invokevirtual is executed after linking, the receiving VarHandle's access mode type is first checked by the JVM to ensure that it matches the symbolic type descriptor. If the type match fails, it means that the access mode method which the caller is invoking is not present on the individual VarHandle being invoked.

Invocation of an access mode method behaves as if an invocation of MethodHandle.invoke, where the receiving method handle accepts the VarHandle instance as the leading argument. More specifically, the following, where {access-mode} corresponds to the access mode method name:

 
VarHandle vh = ..
R r = (R) vh.{access-mode}(p1, p2, ..., pN);
behaves as if:
 
VarHandle vh = ..
VarHandle.AccessMode am = VarHandle.AccessMode.valueFromMethodName("{access-mode}");
MethodHandle mh = MethodHandles.varHandleExactInvoker(
                      am,
                      vh.accessModeType(am));
R r = (R) mh.invoke(vh, p1, p2, ..., pN)
(modulo access mode methods do not declare throwing of Throwable). This is equivalent to:
 
MethodHandle mh = MethodHandles.lookup().findVirtual(
                      VarHandle.class,
                      "{access-mode}",
                      MethodType.methodType(R, p1, p2, ..., pN));
R r = (R) mh.invokeExact(vh, p1, p2, ..., pN)
where the desired method type is the symbolic type descriptor and a MethodHandle.invokeExact is performed, since before invocation of the target, the handle will apply reference casts as necessary and box, unbox, or widen primitive values, as if by asType (see also MethodHandles.varHandleInvoker). More concisely, such behaviour is equivalent to:
 
VarHandle vh = ..
VarHandle.AccessMode am = VarHandle.AccessMode.valueFromMethodName("{access-mode}");
MethodHandle mh = vh.toMethodHandle(am);
R r = (R) mh.invoke(p1, p2, ..., pN)
Where, in this case, the method handle is bound to the VarHandle instance.

Invocation checking

In typical programs, VarHandle access mode type matching will usually succeed. But if a match fails, the JVM will throw a WrongMethodTypeException.

Thus, an access mode type mismatch which might show up as a linkage error in a statically typed program can show up as a dynamic WrongMethodTypeException in a program which uses VarHandles.

Because access mode types contain "live" Class objects, method type matching takes into account both type names and class loaders. Thus, even if a VarHandle VH is created in one class loader L1 and used in another L2, VarHandle access mode method calls are type-safe, because the caller's symbolic type descriptor, as resolved in L2, is matched against the original callee method's symbolic type descriptor, as resolved in L1. The resolution in L1 happens when VH is created and its access mode types are assigned, while the resolution in L2 happens when the invokevirtual instruction is linked.

Apart from type descriptor checks, a VarHandles's capability to access it's variables is unrestricted. If a VarHandle is formed on a non-public variable by a class that has access to that variable, the resulting VarHandle can be used in any place by any caller who receives a reference to it.

Unlike with the Core Reflection API, where access is checked every time a reflective method is invoked, VarHandle access checking is performed when the VarHandle is created. Thus, VarHandles to non-public variables, or to variables in non-public classes, should generally be kept secret. They should not be passed to untrusted code unless their use from the untrusted code would be harmless.

VarHandle creation

Java code can create a VarHandle that directly accesses any field that is accessible to that code. This is done via a reflective, capability-based API called MethodHandles.Lookup. For example, a VarHandle for a non-static field can be obtained from Lookup.findVarHandle. There is also a conversion method from Core Reflection API objects, Lookup.unreflectVarHandle.

Access to protected field members is restricted to receivers only of the accessing class, or one of its subclasses, and the accessing class must in turn be a subclass (or package sibling) of the protected member's defining class. If a VarHandle refers to a protected non-static field of a declaring class outside the current package, the receiver argument will be narrowed to the type of the accessing class.

Interoperation between VarHandles and the Core Reflection API

Using factory methods in the Lookup API, any field represented by a Core Reflection API object can be converted to a behaviorally equivalent VarHandle. For example, a reflective Field can be converted to a VarHandle using Lookup.unreflectVarHandle. The resulting VarHandles generally provide more direct and efficient access to the underlying fields.

As a special case, when the Core Reflection API is used to view the signature polymorphic access mode methods in this class, they appear as ordinary non-polymorphic methods. Their reflective appearance, as viewed by Class.getDeclaredMethod, is unaffected by their special status in this API. For example, Method.getModifiers will report exactly those modifier bits required for any similarly declared method, including in this case native and varargs bits.

As with any reflected method, these methods (when reflected) may be invoked directly via java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke, via JNI, or indirectly via Lookup.unreflect. However, such reflective calls do not result in access mode method invocations. Such a call, if passed the required argument (a single one, of type Object[]), will ignore the argument and will throw an UnsupportedOperationException.

Since invokevirtual instructions can natively invoke VarHandle access mode methods under any symbolic type descriptor, this reflective view conflicts with the normal presentation of these methods via bytecodes. Thus, these native methods, when reflectively viewed by Class.getDeclaredMethod, may be regarded as placeholders only.

In order to obtain an invoker method for a particular access mode type, use MethodHandles.varHandleExactInvoker or MethodHandles.varHandleInvoker. The Lookup.findVirtual API is also able to return a method handle to call an access mode method for any specified access mode type and is equivalent in behaviour to MethodHandles.varHandleInvoker.

Interoperation between VarHandles and Java generics

A VarHandle can be obtained for a variable, such as a field, which is declared with Java generic types. As with the Core Reflection API, the VarHandle's variable type will be constructed from the erasure of the source-level type. When a VarHandle access mode method is invoked, the types of its arguments or the return value cast type may be generic types or type instances. If this occurs, the compiler will replace those types by their erasures when it constructs the symbolic type descriptor for the invokevirtual instruction.
See Also:
Since:9
/** * A VarHandle is a dynamically strongly typed reference to a variable, or to a * parametrically-defined family of variables, including static fields, * non-static fields, array elements, or components of an off-heap data * structure. Access to such variables is supported under various * <em>access modes</em>, including plain read/write access, volatile * read/write access, and compare-and-set. * * <p>VarHandles are immutable and have no visible state. VarHandles cannot be * subclassed by the user. * * <p>A VarHandle has: * <ul> * <li>a {@link #varType variable type} T, the type of every variable referenced * by this VarHandle; and * <li>a list of {@link #coordinateTypes coordinate types} * {@code CT1, CT2, ..., CTn}, the types of <em>coordinate expressions</em> that * jointly locate a variable referenced by this VarHandle. * </ul> * Variable and coordinate types may be primitive or reference, and are * represented by {@code Class} objects. The list of coordinate types may be * empty. * * <p>Factory methods that produce or {@link java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.Lookup * lookup} VarHandle instances document the supported variable type and the list * of coordinate types. * * <p>Each access mode is associated with one <em>access mode method</em>, a * <a href="MethodHandle.html#sigpoly">signature polymorphic</a> method named * for the access mode. When an access mode method is invoked on a VarHandle * instance, the initial arguments to the invocation are coordinate expressions * that indicate in precisely which object the variable is to be accessed. * Trailing arguments to the invocation represent values of importance to the * access mode. For example, the various compare-and-set or compare-and-exchange * access modes require two trailing arguments for the variable's expected value * and new value. * * <p>The arity and types of arguments to the invocation of an access mode * method are not checked statically. Instead, each access mode method * specifies an {@link #accessModeType(AccessMode) access mode type}, * represented as an instance of {@link MethodType}, that serves as a kind of * method signature against which the arguments are checked dynamically. An * access mode type gives formal parameter types in terms of the coordinate * types of a VarHandle instance and the types for values of importance to the * access mode. An access mode type also gives a return type, often in terms of * the variable type of a VarHandle instance. When an access mode method is * invoked on a VarHandle instance, the symbolic type descriptor at the * call site, the run time types of arguments to the invocation, and the run * time type of the return value, must <a href="#invoke">match</a> the types * given in the access mode type. A runtime exception will be thrown if the * match fails. * * For example, the access mode method {@link #compareAndSet} specifies that if * its receiver is a VarHandle instance with coordinate types * {@code CT1, ..., CTn} and variable type {@code T}, then its access mode type * is {@code (CT1 c1, ..., CTn cn, T expectedValue, T newValue)boolean}. * Suppose that a VarHandle instance can access array elements, and that its * coordinate types are {@code String[]} and {@code int} while its variable type * is {@code String}. The access mode type for {@code compareAndSet} on this * VarHandle instance would be * {@code (String[] c1, int c2, String expectedValue, String newValue)boolean}. * Such a VarHandle instance may be produced by the * {@link MethodHandles#arrayElementVarHandle(Class) array factory method} and * access array elements as follows: * <pre> {@code * String[] sa = ... * VarHandle avh = MethodHandles.arrayElementVarHandle(String[].class); * boolean r = avh.compareAndSet(sa, 10, "expected", "new"); * }</pre> * * <p>Access modes control atomicity and consistency properties. * <em>Plain</em> read ({@code get}) and write ({@code set}) * accesses are guaranteed to be bitwise atomic only for references * and for primitive values of at most 32 bits, and impose no observable * ordering constraints with respect to threads other than the * executing thread. <em>Opaque</em> operations are bitwise atomic and * coherently ordered with respect to accesses to the same variable. * In addition to obeying Opaque properties, <em>Acquire</em> mode * reads and their subsequent accesses are ordered after matching * <em>Release</em> mode writes and their previous accesses. In * addition to obeying Acquire and Release properties, all * <em>Volatile</em> operations are totally ordered with respect to * each other. * * <p>Access modes are grouped into the following categories: * <ul> * <li>read access modes that get the value of a variable under specified * memory ordering effects. * The set of corresponding access mode methods belonging to this group * consists of the methods * {@link #get get}, * {@link #getVolatile getVolatile}, * {@link #getAcquire getAcquire}, * {@link #getOpaque getOpaque}. * <li>write access modes that set the value of a variable under specified * memory ordering effects. * The set of corresponding access mode methods belonging to this group * consists of the methods * {@link #set set}, * {@link #setVolatile setVolatile}, * {@link #setRelease setRelease}, * {@link #setOpaque setOpaque}. * <li>atomic update access modes that, for example, atomically compare and set * the value of a variable under specified memory ordering effects. * The set of corresponding access mode methods belonging to this group * consists of the methods * {@link #compareAndSet compareAndSet}, * {@link #weakCompareAndSetPlain weakCompareAndSetPlain}, * {@link #weakCompareAndSet weakCompareAndSet}, * {@link #weakCompareAndSetAcquire weakCompareAndSetAcquire}, * {@link #weakCompareAndSetRelease weakCompareAndSetRelease}, * {@link #compareAndExchangeAcquire compareAndExchangeAcquire}, * {@link #compareAndExchange compareAndExchange}, * {@link #compareAndExchangeRelease compareAndExchangeRelease}, * {@link #getAndSet getAndSet}, * {@link #getAndSetAcquire getAndSetAcquire}, * {@link #getAndSetRelease getAndSetRelease}. * <li>numeric atomic update access modes that, for example, atomically get and * set with addition the value of a variable under specified memory ordering * effects. * The set of corresponding access mode methods belonging to this group * consists of the methods * {@link #getAndAdd getAndAdd}, * {@link #getAndAddAcquire getAndAddAcquire}, * {@link #getAndAddRelease getAndAddRelease}, * <li>bitwise atomic update access modes that, for example, atomically get and * bitwise OR the value of a variable under specified memory ordering * effects. * The set of corresponding access mode methods belonging to this group * consists of the methods * {@link #getAndBitwiseOr getAndBitwiseOr}, * {@link #getAndBitwiseOrAcquire getAndBitwiseOrAcquire}, * {@link #getAndBitwiseOrRelease getAndBitwiseOrRelease}, * {@link #getAndBitwiseAnd getAndBitwiseAnd}, * {@link #getAndBitwiseAndAcquire getAndBitwiseAndAcquire}, * {@link #getAndBitwiseAndRelease getAndBitwiseAndRelease}, * {@link #getAndBitwiseXor getAndBitwiseXor}, * {@link #getAndBitwiseXorAcquire getAndBitwiseXorAcquire}, * {@link #getAndBitwiseXorRelease getAndBitwiseXorRelease}. * </ul> * * <p>Factory methods that produce or {@link java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.Lookup * lookup} VarHandle instances document the set of access modes that are * supported, which may also include documenting restrictions based on the * variable type and whether a variable is read-only. If an access mode is not * supported then the corresponding access mode method will on invocation throw * an {@code UnsupportedOperationException}. Factory methods should document * any additional undeclared exceptions that may be thrown by access mode * methods. * The {@link #get get} access mode is supported for all * VarHandle instances and the corresponding method never throws * {@code UnsupportedOperationException}. * If a VarHandle references a read-only variable (for example a {@code final} * field) then write, atomic update, numeric atomic update, and bitwise atomic * update access modes are not supported and corresponding methods throw * {@code UnsupportedOperationException}. * Read/write access modes (if supported), with the exception of * {@code get} and {@code set}, provide atomic access for * reference types and all primitive types. * Unless stated otherwise in the documentation of a factory method, the access * modes {@code get} and {@code set} (if supported) provide atomic access for * reference types and all primitives types, with the exception of {@code long} * and {@code double} on 32-bit platforms. * * <p>Access modes will override any memory ordering effects specified at * the declaration site of a variable. For example, a VarHandle accessing * a field using the {@code get} access mode will access the field as * specified <em>by its access mode</em> even if that field is declared * {@code volatile}. When mixed access is performed extreme care should be * taken since the Java Memory Model may permit surprising results. * * <p>In addition to supporting access to variables under various access modes, * a set of static methods, referred to as memory fence methods, is also * provided for fine-grained control of memory ordering. * * The Java Language Specification permits other threads to observe operations * as if they were executed in orders different than are apparent in program * source code, subject to constraints arising, for example, from the use of * locks, {@code volatile} fields or VarHandles. The static methods, * {@link #fullFence fullFence}, {@link #acquireFence acquireFence}, * {@link #releaseFence releaseFence}, {@link #loadLoadFence loadLoadFence} and * {@link #storeStoreFence storeStoreFence}, can also be used to impose * constraints. Their specifications, as is the case for certain access modes, * are phrased in terms of the lack of "reorderings" -- observable ordering * effects that might otherwise occur if the fence was not present. More * precise phrasing of the specification of access mode methods and memory fence * methods may accompany future updates of the Java Language Specification. * * <h1>Compiling invocation of access mode methods</h1> * A Java method call expression naming an access mode method can invoke a * VarHandle from Java source code. From the viewpoint of source code, these * methods can take any arguments and their polymorphic result (if expressed) * can be cast to any return type. Formally this is accomplished by giving the * access mode methods variable arity {@code Object} arguments and * {@code Object} return types (if the return type is polymorphic), but they * have an additional quality called <em>signature polymorphism</em> which * connects this freedom of invocation directly to the JVM execution stack. * <p> * As is usual with virtual methods, source-level calls to access mode methods * compile to an {@code invokevirtual} instruction. More unusually, the * compiler must record the actual argument types, and may not perform method * invocation conversions on the arguments. Instead, it must generate * instructions to push them on the stack according to their own unconverted * types. The VarHandle object itself will be pushed on the stack before the * arguments. The compiler then generates an {@code invokevirtual} instruction * that invokes the access mode method with a symbolic type descriptor which * describes the argument and return types. * <p> * To issue a complete symbolic type descriptor, the compiler must also * determine the return type (if polymorphic). This is based on a cast on the * method invocation expression, if there is one, or else {@code Object} if the * invocation is an expression, or else {@code void} if the invocation is a * statement. The cast may be to a primitive type (but not {@code void}). * <p> * As a corner case, an uncasted {@code null} argument is given a symbolic type * descriptor of {@code java.lang.Void}. The ambiguity with the type * {@code Void} is harmless, since there are no references of type {@code Void} * except the null reference. * * * <h1><a id="invoke">Performing invocation of access mode methods</a></h1> * The first time an {@code invokevirtual} instruction is executed it is linked * by symbolically resolving the names in the instruction and verifying that * the method call is statically legal. This also holds for calls to access mode * methods. In this case, the symbolic type descriptor emitted by the compiler * is checked for correct syntax, and names it contains are resolved. Thus, an * {@code invokevirtual} instruction which invokes an access mode method will * always link, as long as the symbolic type descriptor is syntactically * well-formed and the types exist. * <p> * When the {@code invokevirtual} is executed after linking, the receiving * VarHandle's access mode type is first checked by the JVM to ensure that it * matches the symbolic type descriptor. If the type * match fails, it means that the access mode method which the caller is * invoking is not present on the individual VarHandle being invoked. * * <p> * Invocation of an access mode method behaves as if an invocation of * {@link MethodHandle#invoke}, where the receiving method handle accepts the * VarHandle instance as the leading argument. More specifically, the * following, where {@code {access-mode}} corresponds to the access mode method * name: * <pre> {@code * VarHandle vh = .. * R r = (R) vh.{access-mode}(p1, p2, ..., pN); * }</pre> * behaves as if: * <pre> {@code * VarHandle vh = .. * VarHandle.AccessMode am = VarHandle.AccessMode.valueFromMethodName("{access-mode}"); * MethodHandle mh = MethodHandles.varHandleExactInvoker( * am, * vh.accessModeType(am)); * * R r = (R) mh.invoke(vh, p1, p2, ..., pN) * }</pre> * (modulo access mode methods do not declare throwing of {@code Throwable}). * This is equivalent to: * <pre> {@code * MethodHandle mh = MethodHandles.lookup().findVirtual( * VarHandle.class, * "{access-mode}", * MethodType.methodType(R, p1, p2, ..., pN)); * * R r = (R) mh.invokeExact(vh, p1, p2, ..., pN) * }</pre> * where the desired method type is the symbolic type descriptor and a * {@link MethodHandle#invokeExact} is performed, since before invocation of the * target, the handle will apply reference casts as necessary and box, unbox, or * widen primitive values, as if by {@link MethodHandle#asType asType} (see also * {@link MethodHandles#varHandleInvoker}). * * More concisely, such behaviour is equivalent to: * <pre> {@code * VarHandle vh = .. * VarHandle.AccessMode am = VarHandle.AccessMode.valueFromMethodName("{access-mode}"); * MethodHandle mh = vh.toMethodHandle(am); * * R r = (R) mh.invoke(p1, p2, ..., pN) * }</pre> * Where, in this case, the method handle is bound to the VarHandle instance. * * * <h1>Invocation checking</h1> * In typical programs, VarHandle access mode type matching will usually * succeed. But if a match fails, the JVM will throw a * {@link WrongMethodTypeException}. * <p> * Thus, an access mode type mismatch which might show up as a linkage error * in a statically typed program can show up as a dynamic * {@code WrongMethodTypeException} in a program which uses VarHandles. * <p> * Because access mode types contain "live" {@code Class} objects, method type * matching takes into account both type names and class loaders. * Thus, even if a VarHandle {@code VH} is created in one class loader * {@code L1} and used in another {@code L2}, VarHandle access mode method * calls are type-safe, because the caller's symbolic type descriptor, as * resolved in {@code L2}, is matched against the original callee method's * symbolic type descriptor, as resolved in {@code L1}. The resolution in * {@code L1} happens when {@code VH} is created and its access mode types are * assigned, while the resolution in {@code L2} happens when the * {@code invokevirtual} instruction is linked. * <p> * Apart from type descriptor checks, a VarHandles's capability to * access it's variables is unrestricted. * If a VarHandle is formed on a non-public variable by a class that has access * to that variable, the resulting VarHandle can be used in any place by any * caller who receives a reference to it. * <p> * Unlike with the Core Reflection API, where access is checked every time a * reflective method is invoked, VarHandle access checking is performed * <a href="MethodHandles.Lookup.html#access">when the VarHandle is * created</a>. * Thus, VarHandles to non-public variables, or to variables in non-public * classes, should generally be kept secret. They should not be passed to * untrusted code unless their use from the untrusted code would be harmless. * * * <h1>VarHandle creation</h1> * Java code can create a VarHandle that directly accesses any field that is * accessible to that code. This is done via a reflective, capability-based * API called {@link java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.Lookup * MethodHandles.Lookup}. * For example, a VarHandle for a non-static field can be obtained * from {@link java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.Lookup#findVarHandle * Lookup.findVarHandle}. * There is also a conversion method from Core Reflection API objects, * {@link java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.Lookup#unreflectVarHandle * Lookup.unreflectVarHandle}. * <p> * Access to protected field members is restricted to receivers only of the * accessing class, or one of its subclasses, and the accessing class must in * turn be a subclass (or package sibling) of the protected member's defining * class. If a VarHandle refers to a protected non-static field of a declaring * class outside the current package, the receiver argument will be narrowed to * the type of the accessing class. * * <h1>Interoperation between VarHandles and the Core Reflection API</h1> * Using factory methods in the {@link java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.Lookup * Lookup} API, any field represented by a Core Reflection API object * can be converted to a behaviorally equivalent VarHandle. * For example, a reflective {@link java.lang.reflect.Field Field} can * be converted to a VarHandle using * {@link java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.Lookup#unreflectVarHandle * Lookup.unreflectVarHandle}. * The resulting VarHandles generally provide more direct and efficient * access to the underlying fields. * <p> * As a special case, when the Core Reflection API is used to view the * signature polymorphic access mode methods in this class, they appear as * ordinary non-polymorphic methods. Their reflective appearance, as viewed by * {@link java.lang.Class#getDeclaredMethod Class.getDeclaredMethod}, * is unaffected by their special status in this API. * For example, {@link java.lang.reflect.Method#getModifiers * Method.getModifiers} * will report exactly those modifier bits required for any similarly * declared method, including in this case {@code native} and {@code varargs} * bits. * <p> * As with any reflected method, these methods (when reflected) may be invoked * directly via {@link java.lang.reflect.Method#invoke java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke}, * via JNI, or indirectly via * {@link java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.Lookup#unreflect Lookup.unreflect}. * However, such reflective calls do not result in access mode method * invocations. Such a call, if passed the required argument (a single one, of * type {@code Object[]}), will ignore the argument and will throw an * {@code UnsupportedOperationException}. * <p> * Since {@code invokevirtual} instructions can natively invoke VarHandle * access mode methods under any symbolic type descriptor, this reflective view * conflicts with the normal presentation of these methods via bytecodes. * Thus, these native methods, when reflectively viewed by * {@code Class.getDeclaredMethod}, may be regarded as placeholders only. * <p> * In order to obtain an invoker method for a particular access mode type, * use {@link java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles#varHandleExactInvoker} or * {@link java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles#varHandleInvoker}. The * {@link java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles.Lookup#findVirtual Lookup.findVirtual} * API is also able to return a method handle to call an access mode method for * any specified access mode type and is equivalent in behaviour to * {@link java.lang.invoke.MethodHandles#varHandleInvoker}. * * <h1>Interoperation between VarHandles and Java generics</h1> * A VarHandle can be obtained for a variable, such as a field, which is * declared with Java generic types. As with the Core Reflection API, the * VarHandle's variable type will be constructed from the erasure of the * source-level type. When a VarHandle access mode method is invoked, the * types * of its arguments or the return value cast type may be generic types or type * instances. If this occurs, the compiler will replace those types by their * erasures when it constructs the symbolic type descriptor for the * {@code invokevirtual} instruction. * * @see MethodHandle * @see MethodHandles * @see MethodType * @since 9 */
public abstract class VarHandle { final VarForm vform; VarHandle(VarForm vform) { this.vform = vform; } RuntimeException unsupported() { return new UnsupportedOperationException(); } // Plain accessors
Returns the value of a variable, with memory semantics of reading as if the variable was declared non-volatile. Commonly referred to as plain read access.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of get must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET) on this VarHandle.

This access mode is supported by all VarHandle instances and never throws UnsupportedOperationException.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
  • WrongMethodTypeException – if the access mode type does not match the caller's symbolic type descriptor.
  • ClassCastException – if the access mode type matches the caller's symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails.
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Returns the value of a variable, with memory semantics of reading as * if the variable was declared non-{@code volatile}. Commonly referred to * as plain read access. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code get} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET)} on this VarHandle. * * <p>This access mode is supported by all VarHandle instances and never * throws {@code UnsupportedOperationException}. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the value of the * variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object get(Object... args);
Sets the value of a variable to the newValue, with memory semantics of setting as if the variable was declared non-volatile and non-final. Commonly referred to as plain write access.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)void

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of set must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.SET) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
/** * Sets the value of a variable to the {@code newValue}, with memory * semantics of setting as if the variable was declared non-{@code volatile} * and non-{@code final}. Commonly referred to as plain write access. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)void} * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code set} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.SET)} on this VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate void set(Object... args); // Volatile accessors
Returns the value of a variable, with memory semantics of reading as if the variable was declared volatile.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getVolatile must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_VOLATILE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Returns the value of a variable, with memory semantics of reading as if * the variable was declared {@code volatile}. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getVolatile} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_VOLATILE)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the value of the * variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getVolatile(Object... args);
Sets the value of a variable to the newValue, with memory semantics of setting as if the variable was declared volatile.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)void.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of setVolatile must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.SET_VOLATILE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
API Note: Ignoring the many semantic differences from C and C++, this method has memory ordering effects compatible with memory_order_seq_cst.
/** * Sets the value of a variable to the {@code newValue}, with memory * semantics of setting as if the variable was declared {@code volatile}. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)void}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code setVolatile} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.SET_VOLATILE)} on this * VarHandle. * * @apiNote * Ignoring the many semantic differences from C and C++, this method has * memory ordering effects compatible with {@code memory_order_seq_cst}. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate void setVolatile(Object... args);
Returns the value of a variable, accessed in program order, but with no assurance of memory ordering effects with respect to other threads.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getOpaque must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_OPAQUE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Returns the value of a variable, accessed in program order, but with no * assurance of memory ordering effects with respect to other threads. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getOpaque} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_OPAQUE)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the value of the * variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getOpaque(Object... args);
Sets the value of a variable to the newValue, in program order, but with no assurance of memory ordering effects with respect to other threads.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)void.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of setOpaque must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.SET_OPAQUE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
/** * Sets the value of a variable to the {@code newValue}, in program order, * but with no assurance of memory ordering effects with respect to other * threads. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)void}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code setOpaque} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.SET_OPAQUE)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate void setOpaque(Object... args); // Lazy accessors
Returns the value of a variable, and ensures that subsequent loads and stores are not reordered before this access.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getAcquire must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_ACQUIRE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
API Note: Ignoring the many semantic differences from C and C++, this method has memory ordering effects compatible with memory_order_acquire ordering.
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Returns the value of a variable, and ensures that subsequent loads and * stores are not reordered before this access. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getAcquire} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_ACQUIRE)} on this * VarHandle. * * @apiNote * Ignoring the many semantic differences from C and C++, this method has * memory ordering effects compatible with {@code memory_order_acquire} * ordering. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the value of the * variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getAcquire(Object... args);
Sets the value of a variable to the newValue, and ensures that prior loads and stores are not reordered after this access.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)void.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of setRelease must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.SET_RELEASE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
API Note: Ignoring the many semantic differences from C and C++, this method has memory ordering effects compatible with memory_order_release ordering.
/** * Sets the value of a variable to the {@code newValue}, and ensures that * prior loads and stores are not reordered after this access. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)void}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code setRelease} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.SET_RELEASE)} on this * VarHandle. * * @apiNote * Ignoring the many semantic differences from C and C++, this method has * memory ordering effects compatible with {@code memory_order_release} * ordering. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate void setRelease(Object... args); // Compare and set accessors
Atomically sets the value of a variable to the newValue with the memory semantics of setVolatile if the variable's current value, referred to as the witness value, == the expectedValue, as accessed with the memory semantics of getVolatile.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)boolean.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of compareAndSet must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.COMPARE_AND_SET) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:true if successful, otherwise false if the witness value was not the same as the expectedValue.
/** * Atomically sets the value of a variable to the {@code newValue} with the * memory semantics of {@link #setVolatile} if the variable's current value, * referred to as the <em>witness value</em>, {@code ==} the * {@code expectedValue}, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #getVolatile}. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)boolean}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code * compareAndSet} must match the access mode type that is the result of * calling {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.COMPARE_AND_SET)} on * this VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return {@code true} if successful, otherwise {@code false} if the * witness value was not the same as the {@code expectedValue}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setVolatile(Object...) * @see #getVolatile(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate boolean compareAndSet(Object... args);
Atomically sets the value of a variable to the newValue with the memory semantics of setVolatile if the variable's current value, referred to as the witness value, == the expectedValue, as accessed with the memory semantics of getVolatile.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of compareAndExchange must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the witness value, which will be the same as the expectedValue if successful , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically sets the value of a variable to the {@code newValue} with the * memory semantics of {@link #setVolatile} if the variable's current value, * referred to as the <em>witness value</em>, {@code ==} the * {@code expectedValue}, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #getVolatile}. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code * compareAndExchange} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE)} * on this VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the witness value, which * will be the same as the {@code expectedValue} if successful * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type is not * compatible with the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type is compatible with the * caller's symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setVolatile(Object...) * @see #getVolatile(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object compareAndExchange(Object... args);
Atomically sets the value of a variable to the newValue with the memory semantics of set if the variable's current value, referred to as the witness value, == the expectedValue, as accessed with the memory semantics of getAcquire.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of compareAndExchangeAcquire must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_ACQUIRE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the witness value, which will be the same as the expectedValue if successful , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically sets the value of a variable to the {@code newValue} with the * memory semantics of {@link #set} if the variable's current value, * referred to as the <em>witness value</em>, {@code ==} the * {@code expectedValue}, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #getAcquire}. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code * compareAndExchangeAcquire} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_ACQUIRE)} on * this VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the witness value, which * will be the same as the {@code expectedValue} if successful * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #set(Object...) * @see #getAcquire(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object compareAndExchangeAcquire(Object... args);
Atomically sets the value of a variable to the newValue with the memory semantics of setRelease if the variable's current value, referred to as the witness value, == the expectedValue, as accessed with the memory semantics of get.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of compareAndExchangeRelease must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_RELEASE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the witness value, which will be the same as the expectedValue if successful , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically sets the value of a variable to the {@code newValue} with the * memory semantics of {@link #setRelease} if the variable's current value, * referred to as the <em>witness value</em>, {@code ==} the * {@code expectedValue}, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #get}. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code * compareAndExchangeRelease} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_RELEASE)} * on this VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the witness value, which * will be the same as the {@code expectedValue} if successful * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setRelease(Object...) * @see #get(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object compareAndExchangeRelease(Object... args); // Weak (spurious failures allowed)
Possibly atomically sets the value of a variable to the newValue with the semantics of set if the variable's current value, referred to as the witness value, == the expectedValue, as accessed with the memory semantics of get.

This operation may fail spuriously (typically, due to memory contention) even if the witness value does match the expected value.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)boolean.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of weakCompareAndSetPlain must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_PLAIN) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:true if successful, otherwise false if the witness value was not the same as the expectedValue or if this operation spuriously failed.
/** * Possibly atomically sets the value of a variable to the {@code newValue} * with the semantics of {@link #set} if the variable's current value, * referred to as the <em>witness value</em>, {@code ==} the * {@code expectedValue}, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #get}. * * <p>This operation may fail spuriously (typically, due to memory * contention) even if the witness value does match the expected value. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)boolean}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code * weakCompareAndSetPlain} must match the access mode type that is the result of * calling {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_PLAIN)} * on this VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return {@code true} if successful, otherwise {@code false} if the * witness value was not the same as the {@code expectedValue} or if this * operation spuriously failed. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #set(Object...) * @see #get(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate boolean weakCompareAndSetPlain(Object... args);
Possibly atomically sets the value of a variable to the newValue with the memory semantics of setVolatile if the variable's current value, referred to as the witness value, == the expectedValue, as accessed with the memory semantics of getVolatile.

This operation may fail spuriously (typically, due to memory contention) even if the witness value does match the expected value.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)boolean.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of weakCompareAndSet must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:true if successful, otherwise false if the witness value was not the same as the expectedValue or if this operation spuriously failed.
/** * Possibly atomically sets the value of a variable to the {@code newValue} * with the memory semantics of {@link #setVolatile} if the variable's * current value, referred to as the <em>witness value</em>, {@code ==} the * {@code expectedValue}, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #getVolatile}. * * <p>This operation may fail spuriously (typically, due to memory * contention) even if the witness value does match the expected value. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)boolean}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code * weakCompareAndSet} must match the access mode type that is the * result of calling {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET)} * on this VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return {@code true} if successful, otherwise {@code false} if the * witness value was not the same as the {@code expectedValue} or if this * operation spuriously failed. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setVolatile(Object...) * @see #getVolatile(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate boolean weakCompareAndSet(Object... args);
Possibly atomically sets the value of a variable to the newValue with the semantics of set if the variable's current value, referred to as the witness value, == the expectedValue, as accessed with the memory semantics of getAcquire.

This operation may fail spuriously (typically, due to memory contention) even if the witness value does match the expected value.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)boolean.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of weakCompareAndSetAcquire must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_ACQUIRE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:true if successful, otherwise false if the witness value was not the same as the expectedValue or if this operation spuriously failed.
/** * Possibly atomically sets the value of a variable to the {@code newValue} * with the semantics of {@link #set} if the variable's current value, * referred to as the <em>witness value</em>, {@code ==} the * {@code expectedValue}, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #getAcquire}. * * <p>This operation may fail spuriously (typically, due to memory * contention) even if the witness value does match the expected value. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)boolean}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code * weakCompareAndSetAcquire} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_ACQUIRE)} * on this VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return {@code true} if successful, otherwise {@code false} if the * witness value was not the same as the {@code expectedValue} or if this * operation spuriously failed. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #set(Object...) * @see #getAcquire(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate boolean weakCompareAndSetAcquire(Object... args);
Possibly atomically sets the value of a variable to the newValue with the semantics of setRelease if the variable's current value, referred to as the witness value, == the expectedValue, as accessed with the memory semantics of get.

This operation may fail spuriously (typically, due to memory contention) even if the witness value does match the expected value.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)boolean.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of weakCompareAndSetRelease must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_RELEASE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:true if successful, otherwise false if the witness value was not the same as the expectedValue or if this operation spuriously failed.
/** * Possibly atomically sets the value of a variable to the {@code newValue} * with the semantics of {@link #setRelease} if the variable's current * value, referred to as the <em>witness value</em>, {@code ==} the * {@code expectedValue}, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #get}. * * <p>This operation may fail spuriously (typically, due to memory * contention) even if the witness value does match the expected value. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)boolean}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code * weakCompareAndSetRelease} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_RELEASE)} * on this VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T expectedValue, T newValue)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return {@code true} if successful, otherwise {@code false} if the * witness value was not the same as the {@code expectedValue} or if this * operation spuriously failed. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setRelease(Object...) * @see #get(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate boolean weakCompareAndSetRelease(Object... args);
Atomically sets the value of a variable to the newValue with the memory semantics of setVolatile and returns the variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of getVolatile.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getAndSet must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_SET) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically sets the value of a variable to the {@code newValue} with the * memory semantics of {@link #setVolatile} and returns the variable's * previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #getVolatile}. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getAndSet} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_SET)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of * the variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setVolatile(Object...) * @see #getVolatile(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getAndSet(Object... args);
Atomically sets the value of a variable to the newValue with the memory semantics of set and returns the variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of getAcquire.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getAndSetAcquire must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_SET_ACQUIRE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically sets the value of a variable to the {@code newValue} with the * memory semantics of {@link #set} and returns the variable's * previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #getAcquire}. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getAndSetAcquire} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_SET_ACQUIRE)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of * the variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setVolatile(Object...) * @see #getVolatile(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getAndSetAcquire(Object... args);
Atomically sets the value of a variable to the newValue with the memory semantics of setRelease and returns the variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of get.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getAndSetRelease must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_SET_RELEASE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically sets the value of a variable to the {@code newValue} with the * memory semantics of {@link #setRelease} and returns the variable's * previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #get}. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getAndSetRelease} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_SET_RELEASE)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T newValue)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of * the variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setVolatile(Object...) * @see #getVolatile(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getAndSetRelease(Object... args); // Primitive adders // Throw UnsupportedOperationException for refs
Atomically adds the value to the current value of a variable with the memory semantics of setVolatile, and returns the variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of getVolatile.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T value)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getAndAdd must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_ADD) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T value) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically adds the {@code value} to the current value of a variable with * the memory semantics of {@link #setVolatile}, and returns the variable's * previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #getVolatile}. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T value)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getAndAdd} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_ADD)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T value)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of * the variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setVolatile(Object...) * @see #getVolatile(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getAndAdd(Object... args);
Atomically adds the value to the current value of a variable with the memory semantics of set, and returns the variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of getAcquire.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T value)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getAndAddAcquire must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_ADD_ACQUIRE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T value) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically adds the {@code value} to the current value of a variable with * the memory semantics of {@link #set}, and returns the variable's * previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #getAcquire}. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T value)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getAndAddAcquire} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_ADD_ACQUIRE)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T value)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of * the variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setVolatile(Object...) * @see #getVolatile(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getAndAddAcquire(Object... args);
Atomically adds the value to the current value of a variable with the memory semantics of setRelease, and returns the variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of get.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T value)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getAndAddRelease must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_ADD_RELEASE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T value) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically adds the {@code value} to the current value of a variable with * the memory semantics of {@link #setRelease}, and returns the variable's * previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #get}. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T value)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getAndAddRelease} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_ADD_RELEASE)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T value)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of * the variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setVolatile(Object...) * @see #getVolatile(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getAndAddRelease(Object... args); // Bitwise operations // Throw UnsupportedOperationException for refs
Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of bitwise OR between the variable's current value and the mask with the memory semantics of setVolatile and returns the variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of getVolatile.

If the variable type is the non-integral boolean type then a logical OR is performed instead of a bitwise OR.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getAndBitwiseOr must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_OR) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of * bitwise OR between the variable's current value and the {@code mask} * with the memory semantics of {@link #setVolatile} and returns the * variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #getVolatile}. * * <p>If the variable type is the non-integral {@code boolean} type then a * logical OR is performed instead of a bitwise OR. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getAndBitwiseOr} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_OR)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of * the variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setVolatile(Object...) * @see #getVolatile(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getAndBitwiseOr(Object... args);
Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of bitwise OR between the variable's current value and the mask with the memory semantics of set and returns the variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of getAcquire.

If the variable type is the non-integral boolean type then a logical OR is performed instead of a bitwise OR.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getAndBitwiseOrAcquire must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_OR_ACQUIRE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of * bitwise OR between the variable's current value and the {@code mask} * with the memory semantics of {@link #set} and returns the * variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #getAcquire}. * * <p>If the variable type is the non-integral {@code boolean} type then a * logical OR is performed instead of a bitwise OR. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getAndBitwiseOrAcquire} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_OR_ACQUIRE)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of * the variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #set(Object...) * @see #getAcquire(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getAndBitwiseOrAcquire(Object... args);
Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of bitwise OR between the variable's current value and the mask with the memory semantics of setRelease and returns the variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of get.

If the variable type is the non-integral boolean type then a logical OR is performed instead of a bitwise OR.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getAndBitwiseOrRelease must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_OR_RELEASE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of * bitwise OR between the variable's current value and the {@code mask} * with the memory semantics of {@link #setRelease} and returns the * variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #get}. * * <p>If the variable type is the non-integral {@code boolean} type then a * logical OR is performed instead of a bitwise OR. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getAndBitwiseOrRelease} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_OR_RELEASE)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of * the variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setRelease(Object...) * @see #get(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getAndBitwiseOrRelease(Object... args);
Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of bitwise AND between the variable's current value and the mask with the memory semantics of setVolatile and returns the variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of getVolatile.

If the variable type is the non-integral boolean type then a logical AND is performed instead of a bitwise AND.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getAndBitwiseAnd must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_AND) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of * bitwise AND between the variable's current value and the {@code mask} * with the memory semantics of {@link #setVolatile} and returns the * variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #getVolatile}. * * <p>If the variable type is the non-integral {@code boolean} type then a * logical AND is performed instead of a bitwise AND. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getAndBitwiseAnd} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_AND)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of * the variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setVolatile(Object...) * @see #getVolatile(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getAndBitwiseAnd(Object... args);
Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of bitwise AND between the variable's current value and the mask with the memory semantics of set and returns the variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of getAcquire.

If the variable type is the non-integral boolean type then a logical AND is performed instead of a bitwise AND.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getAndBitwiseAndAcquire must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_AND_ACQUIRE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of * bitwise AND between the variable's current value and the {@code mask} * with the memory semantics of {@link #set} and returns the * variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #getAcquire}. * * <p>If the variable type is the non-integral {@code boolean} type then a * logical AND is performed instead of a bitwise AND. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getAndBitwiseAndAcquire} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_AND_ACQUIRE)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of * the variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #set(Object...) * @see #getAcquire(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getAndBitwiseAndAcquire(Object... args);
Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of bitwise AND between the variable's current value and the mask with the memory semantics of setRelease and returns the variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of get.

If the variable type is the non-integral boolean type then a logical AND is performed instead of a bitwise AND.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getAndBitwiseAndRelease must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_AND_RELEASE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of * bitwise AND between the variable's current value and the {@code mask} * with the memory semantics of {@link #setRelease} and returns the * variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #get}. * * <p>If the variable type is the non-integral {@code boolean} type then a * logical AND is performed instead of a bitwise AND. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getAndBitwiseAndRelease} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_AND_RELEASE)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of * the variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setRelease(Object...) * @see #get(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getAndBitwiseAndRelease(Object... args);
Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of bitwise XOR between the variable's current value and the mask with the memory semantics of setVolatile and returns the variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of getVolatile.

If the variable type is the non-integral boolean type then a logical XOR is performed instead of a bitwise XOR.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getAndBitwiseXor must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_XOR) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of * bitwise XOR between the variable's current value and the {@code mask} * with the memory semantics of {@link #setVolatile} and returns the * variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #getVolatile}. * * <p>If the variable type is the non-integral {@code boolean} type then a * logical XOR is performed instead of a bitwise XOR. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getAndBitwiseXor} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_XOR)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of * the variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setVolatile(Object...) * @see #getVolatile(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getAndBitwiseXor(Object... args);
Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of bitwise XOR between the variable's current value and the mask with the memory semantics of set and returns the variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of getAcquire.

If the variable type is the non-integral boolean type then a logical XOR is performed instead of a bitwise XOR.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getAndBitwiseXorAcquire must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_XOR_ACQUIRE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of * bitwise XOR between the variable's current value and the {@code mask} * with the memory semantics of {@link #set} and returns the * variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #getAcquire}. * * <p>If the variable type is the non-integral {@code boolean} type then a * logical XOR is performed instead of a bitwise XOR. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getAndBitwiseXorAcquire} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_XOR_ACQUIRE)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of * the variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #set(Object...) * @see #getAcquire(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getAndBitwiseXorAcquire(Object... args);
Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of bitwise XOR between the variable's current value and the mask with the memory semantics of setRelease and returns the variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of get.

If the variable type is the non-integral boolean type then a logical XOR is performed instead of a bitwise XOR.

The method signature is of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T.

The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of getAndBitwiseXorRelease must match the access mode type that is the result of calling accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_XOR_RELEASE) on this VarHandle.

Params:
  • args – the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask) , statically represented using varargs.
Throws:
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of the variable , statically represented using Object.
/** * Atomically sets the value of a variable to the result of * bitwise XOR between the variable's current value and the {@code mask} * with the memory semantics of {@link #setRelease} and returns the * variable's previous value, as accessed with the memory semantics of * {@link #get}. * * <p>If the variable type is the non-integral {@code boolean} type then a * logical XOR is performed instead of a bitwise XOR. * * <p>The method signature is of the form {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)T}. * * <p>The symbolic type descriptor at the call site of {@code getAndBitwiseXorRelease} * must match the access mode type that is the result of calling * {@code accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.GET_AND_BITWISE_XOR_RELEASE)} on this * VarHandle. * * @param args the signature-polymorphic parameter list of the form * {@code (CT1 ct1, ..., CTn ctn, T mask)} * , statically represented using varargs. * @return the signature-polymorphic result that is the previous value of * the variable * , statically represented using {@code Object}. * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the access mode is unsupported * for this VarHandle. * @throws WrongMethodTypeException if the access mode type does not * match the caller's symbolic type descriptor. * @throws ClassCastException if the access mode type matches the caller's * symbolic type descriptor, but a reference cast fails. * @see #setRelease(Object...) * @see #get(Object...) */
public final native @MethodHandle.PolymorphicSignature @HotSpotIntrinsicCandidate Object getAndBitwiseXorRelease(Object... args); enum AccessType { GET(Object.class), SET(void.class), COMPARE_AND_SET(boolean.class), COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE(Object.class), GET_AND_UPDATE(Object.class); final Class<?> returnType; final boolean isMonomorphicInReturnType; AccessType(Class<?> returnType) { this.returnType = returnType; isMonomorphicInReturnType = returnType != Object.class; } MethodType accessModeType(Class<?> receiver, Class<?> value, Class<?>... intermediate) { Class<?>[] ps; int i; switch (this) { case GET: ps = allocateParameters(0, receiver, intermediate); fillParameters(ps, receiver, intermediate); return MethodType.methodType(value, ps); case SET: ps = allocateParameters(1, receiver, intermediate); i = fillParameters(ps, receiver, intermediate); ps[i] = value; return MethodType.methodType(void.class, ps); case COMPARE_AND_SET: ps = allocateParameters(2, receiver, intermediate); i = fillParameters(ps, receiver, intermediate); ps[i++] = value; ps[i] = value; return MethodType.methodType(boolean.class, ps); case COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE: ps = allocateParameters(2, receiver, intermediate); i = fillParameters(ps, receiver, intermediate); ps[i++] = value; ps[i] = value; return MethodType.methodType(value, ps); case GET_AND_UPDATE: ps = allocateParameters(1, receiver, intermediate); i = fillParameters(ps, receiver, intermediate); ps[i] = value; return MethodType.methodType(value, ps); default: throw new InternalError("Unknown AccessType"); } } private static Class<?>[] allocateParameters(int values, Class<?> receiver, Class<?>... intermediate) { int size = ((receiver != null) ? 1 : 0) + intermediate.length + values; return new Class<?>[size]; } private static int fillParameters(Class<?>[] ps, Class<?> receiver, Class<?>... intermediate) { int i = 0; if (receiver != null) ps[i++] = receiver; for (int j = 0; j < intermediate.length; j++) ps[i++] = intermediate[j]; return i; } }
The set of access modes that specify how a variable, referenced by a VarHandle, is accessed.
/** * The set of access modes that specify how a variable, referenced by a * VarHandle, is accessed. */
public enum AccessMode {
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.get
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#get VarHandle.get} */
GET("get", AccessType.GET),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.set
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#set VarHandle.set} */
SET("set", AccessType.SET),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getVolatile
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getVolatile VarHandle.getVolatile} */
GET_VOLATILE("getVolatile", AccessType.GET),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.setVolatile
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#setVolatile VarHandle.setVolatile} */
SET_VOLATILE("setVolatile", AccessType.SET),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getAcquire
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getAcquire VarHandle.getAcquire} */
GET_ACQUIRE("getAcquire", AccessType.GET),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.setRelease
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#setRelease VarHandle.setRelease} */
SET_RELEASE("setRelease", AccessType.SET),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getOpaque
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getOpaque VarHandle.getOpaque} */
GET_OPAQUE("getOpaque", AccessType.GET),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.setOpaque
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#setOpaque VarHandle.setOpaque} */
SET_OPAQUE("setOpaque", AccessType.SET),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.compareAndSet
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#compareAndSet VarHandle.compareAndSet} */
COMPARE_AND_SET("compareAndSet", AccessType.COMPARE_AND_SET),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.compareAndExchange
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#compareAndExchange VarHandle.compareAndExchange} */
COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE("compareAndExchange", AccessType.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.compareAndExchangeAcquire
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#compareAndExchangeAcquire VarHandle.compareAndExchangeAcquire} */
COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_ACQUIRE("compareAndExchangeAcquire", AccessType.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.compareAndExchangeRelease
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#compareAndExchangeRelease VarHandle.compareAndExchangeRelease} */
COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE_RELEASE("compareAndExchangeRelease", AccessType.COMPARE_AND_EXCHANGE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.weakCompareAndSetPlain
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#weakCompareAndSetPlain VarHandle.weakCompareAndSetPlain} */
WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_PLAIN("weakCompareAndSetPlain", AccessType.COMPARE_AND_SET),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.weakCompareAndSet
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#weakCompareAndSet VarHandle.weakCompareAndSet} */
WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET("weakCompareAndSet", AccessType.COMPARE_AND_SET),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.weakCompareAndSetAcquire
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#weakCompareAndSetAcquire VarHandle.weakCompareAndSetAcquire} */
WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_ACQUIRE("weakCompareAndSetAcquire", AccessType.COMPARE_AND_SET),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.weakCompareAndSetRelease
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#weakCompareAndSetRelease VarHandle.weakCompareAndSetRelease} */
WEAK_COMPARE_AND_SET_RELEASE("weakCompareAndSetRelease", AccessType.COMPARE_AND_SET),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getAndSet
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getAndSet VarHandle.getAndSet} */
GET_AND_SET("getAndSet", AccessType.GET_AND_UPDATE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getAndSetAcquire
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getAndSetAcquire VarHandle.getAndSetAcquire} */
GET_AND_SET_ACQUIRE("getAndSetAcquire", AccessType.GET_AND_UPDATE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getAndSetRelease
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getAndSetRelease VarHandle.getAndSetRelease} */
GET_AND_SET_RELEASE("getAndSetRelease", AccessType.GET_AND_UPDATE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getAndAdd
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getAndAdd VarHandle.getAndAdd} */
GET_AND_ADD("getAndAdd", AccessType.GET_AND_UPDATE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getAndAddAcquire
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getAndAddAcquire VarHandle.getAndAddAcquire} */
GET_AND_ADD_ACQUIRE("getAndAddAcquire", AccessType.GET_AND_UPDATE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getAndAddRelease
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getAndAddRelease VarHandle.getAndAddRelease} */
GET_AND_ADD_RELEASE("getAndAddRelease", AccessType.GET_AND_UPDATE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getAndBitwiseOr
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getAndBitwiseOr VarHandle.getAndBitwiseOr} */
GET_AND_BITWISE_OR("getAndBitwiseOr", AccessType.GET_AND_UPDATE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getAndBitwiseOrRelease
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getAndBitwiseOrRelease VarHandle.getAndBitwiseOrRelease} */
GET_AND_BITWISE_OR_RELEASE("getAndBitwiseOrRelease", AccessType.GET_AND_UPDATE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getAndBitwiseOrAcquire VarHandle.getAndBitwiseOrAcquire} */
GET_AND_BITWISE_OR_ACQUIRE("getAndBitwiseOrAcquire", AccessType.GET_AND_UPDATE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getAndBitwiseAnd
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getAndBitwiseAnd VarHandle.getAndBitwiseAnd} */
GET_AND_BITWISE_AND("getAndBitwiseAnd", AccessType.GET_AND_UPDATE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getAndBitwiseAndRelease
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getAndBitwiseAndRelease VarHandle.getAndBitwiseAndRelease} */
GET_AND_BITWISE_AND_RELEASE("getAndBitwiseAndRelease", AccessType.GET_AND_UPDATE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getAndBitwiseAndAcquire VarHandle.getAndBitwiseAndAcquire} */
GET_AND_BITWISE_AND_ACQUIRE("getAndBitwiseAndAcquire", AccessType.GET_AND_UPDATE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getAndBitwiseXor
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getAndBitwiseXor VarHandle.getAndBitwiseXor} */
GET_AND_BITWISE_XOR("getAndBitwiseXor", AccessType.GET_AND_UPDATE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getAndBitwiseXorRelease
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getAndBitwiseXorRelease VarHandle.getAndBitwiseXorRelease} */
GET_AND_BITWISE_XOR_RELEASE("getAndBitwiseXorRelease", AccessType.GET_AND_UPDATE),
The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding method VarHandle.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire
/** * The access mode whose access is specified by the corresponding * method * {@link VarHandle#getAndBitwiseXorAcquire VarHandle.getAndBitwiseXorAcquire} */
GET_AND_BITWISE_XOR_ACQUIRE("getAndBitwiseXorAcquire", AccessType.GET_AND_UPDATE), ; static final Map<String, AccessMode> methodNameToAccessMode; static { AccessMode[] values = AccessMode.values(); // Initial capacity of # values divided by the load factor is sufficient // to avoid resizes for the smallest table size (64) int initialCapacity = (int)(values.length / 0.75f) + 1; methodNameToAccessMode = new HashMap<>(initialCapacity); for (AccessMode am : values) { methodNameToAccessMode.put(am.methodName, am); } } final String methodName; final AccessType at; AccessMode(final String methodName, AccessType at) { this.methodName = methodName; this.at = at; }
Returns the VarHandle signature-polymorphic method name associated with this AccessMode value.
See Also:
Returns:the signature-polymorphic method name
/** * Returns the {@code VarHandle} signature-polymorphic method name * associated with this {@code AccessMode} value. * * @return the signature-polymorphic method name * @see #valueFromMethodName */
public String methodName() { return methodName; }
Returns the AccessMode value associated with the specified VarHandle signature-polymorphic method name.
Params:
  • methodName – the signature-polymorphic method name
Throws:
  • IllegalArgumentException – if there is no AccessMode value associated with method name (indicating the method name does not correspond to a VarHandle signature-polymorphic method name).
See Also:
Returns:the AccessMode value
/** * Returns the {@code AccessMode} value associated with the specified * {@code VarHandle} signature-polymorphic method name. * * @param methodName the signature-polymorphic method name * @return the {@code AccessMode} value * @throws IllegalArgumentException if there is no {@code AccessMode} * value associated with method name (indicating the method * name does not correspond to a {@code VarHandle} * signature-polymorphic method name). * @see #methodName() */
public static AccessMode valueFromMethodName(String methodName) { AccessMode am = methodNameToAccessMode.get(methodName); if (am != null) return am; throw new IllegalArgumentException("No AccessMode value for method name " + methodName); } @ForceInline static MemberName getMemberName(int ordinal, VarForm vform) { return vform.memberName_table[ordinal]; } } static final class AccessDescriptor { final MethodType symbolicMethodTypeErased; final MethodType symbolicMethodTypeInvoker; final Class<?> returnType; final int type; final int mode; public AccessDescriptor(MethodType symbolicMethodType, int type, int mode) { this.symbolicMethodTypeErased = symbolicMethodType.erase(); this.symbolicMethodTypeInvoker = symbolicMethodType.insertParameterTypes(0, VarHandle.class); this.returnType = symbolicMethodType.returnType(); this.type = type; this.mode = mode; } }
Returns the variable type of variables referenced by this VarHandle.
Returns:the variable type of variables referenced by this VarHandle
/** * Returns the variable type of variables referenced by this VarHandle. * * @return the variable type of variables referenced by this VarHandle */
public final Class<?> varType() { MethodType typeSet = accessModeType(AccessMode.SET); return typeSet.parameterType(typeSet.parameterCount() - 1); }
Returns the coordinate types for this VarHandle.
Returns:the coordinate types for this VarHandle. The returned list is unmodifiable
/** * Returns the coordinate types for this VarHandle. * * @return the coordinate types for this VarHandle. The returned * list is unmodifiable */
public final List<Class<?>> coordinateTypes() { MethodType typeGet = accessModeType(AccessMode.GET); return typeGet.parameterList(); }
Obtains the access mode type for this VarHandle and a given access mode.

The access mode type's parameter types will consist of a prefix that is the coordinate types of this VarHandle followed by further types as defined by the access mode method. The access mode type's return type is defined by the return type of the access mode method.

Params:
  • accessMode – the access mode, corresponding to the signature-polymorphic method of the same name
Returns:the access mode type for the given access mode
/** * Obtains the access mode type for this VarHandle and a given access mode. * * <p>The access mode type's parameter types will consist of a prefix that * is the coordinate types of this VarHandle followed by further * types as defined by the access mode method. * The access mode type's return type is defined by the return type of the * access mode method. * * @param accessMode the access mode, corresponding to the * signature-polymorphic method of the same name * @return the access mode type for the given access mode */
public final MethodType accessModeType(AccessMode accessMode) { TypesAndInvokers tis = getTypesAndInvokers(); MethodType mt = tis.methodType_table[accessMode.at.ordinal()]; if (mt == null) { mt = tis.methodType_table[accessMode.at.ordinal()] = accessModeTypeUncached(accessMode); } return mt; } abstract MethodType accessModeTypeUncached(AccessMode accessMode);
Returns true if the given access mode is supported, otherwise false.

The return of a false value for a given access mode indicates that an UnsupportedOperationException is thrown on invocation of the corresponding access mode method.

Params:
  • accessMode – the access mode, corresponding to the signature-polymorphic method of the same name
Returns:true if the given access mode is supported, otherwise false.
/** * Returns {@code true} if the given access mode is supported, otherwise * {@code false}. * * <p>The return of a {@code false} value for a given access mode indicates * that an {@code UnsupportedOperationException} is thrown on invocation * of the corresponding access mode method. * * @param accessMode the access mode, corresponding to the * signature-polymorphic method of the same name * @return {@code true} if the given access mode is supported, otherwise * {@code false}. */
public final boolean isAccessModeSupported(AccessMode accessMode) { return AccessMode.getMemberName(accessMode.ordinal(), vform) != null; }
Obtains a method handle bound to this VarHandle and the given access mode.
Params:
  • accessMode – the access mode, corresponding to the signature-polymorphic method of the same name
API Note:This method, for a VarHandle vh and access mode {access-mode}, returns a method handle that is equivalent to method handle bmh in the following code (though it may be more efficient):

MethodHandle mh = MethodHandles.varHandleExactInvoker(
                      vh.accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.{access-mode}));
MethodHandle bmh = mh.bindTo(vh);
Returns:a method handle bound to this VarHandle and the given access mode
/** * Obtains a method handle bound to this VarHandle and the given access * mode. * * @apiNote This method, for a VarHandle {@code vh} and access mode * {@code {access-mode}}, returns a method handle that is equivalent to * method handle {@code bmh} in the following code (though it may be more * efficient): * <pre>{@code * MethodHandle mh = MethodHandles.varHandleExactInvoker( * vh.accessModeType(VarHandle.AccessMode.{access-mode})); * * MethodHandle bmh = mh.bindTo(vh); * }</pre> * * @param accessMode the access mode, corresponding to the * signature-polymorphic method of the same name * @return a method handle bound to this VarHandle and the given access mode */
public final MethodHandle toMethodHandle(AccessMode accessMode) { MemberName mn = AccessMode.getMemberName(accessMode.ordinal(), vform); if (mn != null) { MethodHandle mh = getMethodHandle(accessMode.ordinal()); return mh.bindTo(this); } else { // Ensure an UnsupportedOperationException is thrown return MethodHandles.varHandleInvoker(accessMode, accessModeType(accessMode)). bindTo(this); } } @Stable TypesAndInvokers typesAndInvokers; static class TypesAndInvokers { final @Stable MethodType[] methodType_table = new MethodType[VarHandle.AccessType.values().length]; final @Stable MethodHandle[] methodHandle_table = new MethodHandle[AccessMode.values().length]; } @ForceInline private final TypesAndInvokers getTypesAndInvokers() { TypesAndInvokers tis = typesAndInvokers; if (tis == null) { tis = typesAndInvokers = new TypesAndInvokers(); } return tis; } @ForceInline final MethodHandle getMethodHandle(int mode) { TypesAndInvokers tis = getTypesAndInvokers(); MethodHandle mh = tis.methodHandle_table[mode]; if (mh == null) { mh = tis.methodHandle_table[mode] = getMethodHandleUncached(mode); } return mh; } private final MethodHandle getMethodHandleUncached(int mode) { MethodType mt = accessModeType(AccessMode.values()[mode]). insertParameterTypes(0, VarHandle.class); MemberName mn = vform.getMemberName(mode); DirectMethodHandle dmh = DirectMethodHandle.make(mn); // Such a method handle must not be publically exposed directly // otherwise it can be cracked, it must be transformed or rebound // before exposure MethodHandle mh = dmh.copyWith(mt, dmh.form); assert mh.type().erase() == mn.getMethodType().erase(); return mh; } /*non-public*/ final void updateVarForm(VarForm newVForm) { if (vform == newVForm) return; UNSAFE.putObject(this, VFORM_OFFSET, newVForm); UNSAFE.fullFence(); } static final BiFunction<String, List<Integer>, ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException> AIOOBE_SUPPLIER = Preconditions.outOfBoundsExceptionFormatter( new Function<String, ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException>() { @Override public ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException apply(String s) { return new ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException(s); } }); private static final long VFORM_OFFSET; static { VFORM_OFFSET = UNSAFE.objectFieldOffset(VarHandle.class, "vform"); // The VarHandleGuards must be initialized to ensure correct // compilation of the guard methods UNSAFE.ensureClassInitialized(VarHandleGuards.class); } // Fence methods
Ensures that loads and stores before the fence will not be reordered with loads and stores after the fence.
API Note:Ignoring the many semantic differences from C and C++, this method has memory ordering effects compatible with atomic_thread_fence(memory_order_seq_cst)
/** * Ensures that loads and stores before the fence will not be reordered * with * loads and stores after the fence. * * @apiNote Ignoring the many semantic differences from C and C++, this * method has memory ordering effects compatible with * {@code atomic_thread_fence(memory_order_seq_cst)} */
@ForceInline public static void fullFence() { UNSAFE.fullFence(); }
Ensures that loads before the fence will not be reordered with loads and stores after the fence.
API Note:Ignoring the many semantic differences from C and C++, this method has memory ordering effects compatible with atomic_thread_fence(memory_order_acquire)
/** * Ensures that loads before the fence will not be reordered with loads and * stores after the fence. * * @apiNote Ignoring the many semantic differences from C and C++, this * method has memory ordering effects compatible with * {@code atomic_thread_fence(memory_order_acquire)} */
@ForceInline public static void acquireFence() { UNSAFE.loadFence(); }
Ensures that loads and stores before the fence will not be reordered with stores after the fence.
API Note:Ignoring the many semantic differences from C and C++, this method has memory ordering effects compatible with atomic_thread_fence(memory_order_release)
/** * Ensures that loads and stores before the fence will not be * reordered with stores after the fence. * * @apiNote Ignoring the many semantic differences from C and C++, this * method has memory ordering effects compatible with * {@code atomic_thread_fence(memory_order_release)} */
@ForceInline public static void releaseFence() { UNSAFE.storeFence(); }
Ensures that loads before the fence will not be reordered with loads after the fence.
/** * Ensures that loads before the fence will not be reordered with * loads after the fence. */
@ForceInline public static void loadLoadFence() { UNSAFE.loadLoadFence(); }
Ensures that stores before the fence will not be reordered with stores after the fence.
/** * Ensures that stores before the fence will not be reordered with * stores after the fence. */
@ForceInline public static void storeStoreFence() { UNSAFE.storeStoreFence(); } }